Unabridged Dictionary - Letter G
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G
G (?)
1. G is the seventh letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal
consonant. It has two sounds; one simple, as in gave, go, gull; the
other compound (like that of j), as in gem, gin, dingy. See Guide to
Pronunciation, §§ 231-6, 155, 176, 178, 179, 196, 211, 246.
NOTE: The fo rm of G is from the Latin, in the alphabet which it
first appeared as a modified form of C. The name is also from the
Latin, and probably comes to us through the French. Etymologically
it is most closely related to a c hard, k y, and w; as in corn,
grain, kernel; kin L. genus, Gr. garden, yard; drag, draw; also to
ch and h; as in get, prehensile; guest, host (an army); gall,
choler; gust, choose. See C.
2. (Mus.) G is the name of the fifth tone of the natural or model
scale; -- called also sol by the Italians and French. It was also
originally used as the treble clef, and has gradually changed into the
character represented in the margin. See Clef. G# (G sharp) is a tone
intermediate between G and A.
Gab
Gab (?), n. [Cf. Gaff.] (Steam Engine) The hook on the end of an
eccentric rod opposite the strap. See. Illust. of Eccentric.
Gab
Gab, n. [OE. gabbe gabble, mocking, fr. Icel. gabb mocking, mockery,
or OF. gab, gabe; perh. akin to E. gape, or gob. Cf. Gab, v. i.,
Gibber.] The mouth; hence, idle prate; chatter; unmeaning talk;
loquaciousness. [Colloq.] Gift of gab, facility of expression.
[Colloq.]
Gab
Gab, v. i. [OE. gabben to jest, lie, mock, deceive, fr. Icel. gabba to
mock, or OF. gaber. See 2d Gab, and cf. Gabble.]
1. To deceive; to lie. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To talk idly; to prate; to chatter. Holinshed.
Gabarage
Gab"ar*age (?), n. A kind of coarse cloth for packing goods. [Obs.]
Gabardine, Gaberdine
Gab`ar*dine", Gab`er*dine" (, n. [Sp. gabardina; cf. It. gavardina,
OF. galvardine, calvardine, gavardine, galeverdine; perh. akin to Sp.
& OF. gaban a sort of cloak or coat for rainy weather, F. caban great
coat with a hood and sleeves, It. gabbano and perh. to E. cabin.] A
coarse frock or loose upper garment formerly worn by Jews; a mean
dress. Shak.
Gabber
Gab"ber (?), n.
1. A liar; a deceiver. [Obs.]
2. One addicted to idle talk.
Gabble
Gab"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gabbling
(?).] [Freq. of gab. See Gab, v. i.]
1. To talk fast, or to talk without meaning; to prate; to jabber.
Shak.
2. To utter inarticulate sounds with rapidity; as, gabbling fowls.
Dryden.
Gabble
Gab"ble, n.
1. Loud or rapid talk without meaning.
Forthwith a hideous gabble rises loud Among the builders. Milton.
2. Inarticulate sounds rapidly uttered; as of fowls.
Gabbier
Gab"bier (?), n. One who gabbles; a prater.
Gabbro
Gab"bro (?), n. [It.] (Geol.) A name originally given by the Italians
to a kind of serpentine, later to the rock called euphotide, and now
generally used for a coarsely crystalline, igneous rock consisting of
lamellar pyroxene (diallage) and labradorite, with sometimes
chrysolite (olivine gabbro).
Gabel
Ga"bel (?), n. [F. gabelle, LL. gabella, gabulum, gablum; of uncertain
origin. Cf.Gavel tribute.] (O. Eng. Law) A rent, service, tribute,
custom, tax, impost, or duty; an excise. Burrill.
He enables St. Peter to pay his gabel by the ministry of a fish.
Jer. Taylor.
Gabeler
Ga"bel*er (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) A collector of gabels or taxes.
Gabelle
Ga`belle" (?), n. [F. See Gabel.] A tax, especially on salt. [France]
Brande & C.
Gabelleman
Ga*belle"man (?), n. A gabeler. Carlyle.
Gaberdine
Gab`er*dine" (?), n. See Gabardine.
Gaber-lunzie
Gab"er-lun`zie (?), n. [Gael. gabair talker + lunndair idler.] A
beggar with a wallet; a licensed beggar. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Gabert
Gab"ert (?), n. [Cf.F.gabare, Arm. kobar, gobar.] A lighter, or vessel
for inland navigation. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Gabion
Ga"bi*on (?), n.[F., from It. gabbione a large cage, gabion, from
gabbia cage, L. cavea. See Cage.]
1. (Fort.) A hollow cylinder of wickerwork, like a basket without a
bottom. Gabions are made of various sizes, and filled with earth in
building fieldworks to shelter men from an enemy's fire.
2. (Hydraul. Engin.) An openwork frame, as of poles, filled with
stones and sunk, to assist in forming a bar dyke, etc., as in harbor
improvement.
Gabionade
Ga`bi*on*ade" (?), n. [F. gabionnade.]
1. (Fort.) A traverse made with gabions between guns or on their
flanks, protecting them from enfilading fire.
2. A structure of gabions sunk in lines, as a core for a sand bar in
harbor improvements.
Gabionage
Ga"bi*on*age (?), n. [F. gabionnage.] (Mil.) The part of a
fortification built of gabions.
Gabioned
Ga"bi*oned (?), p. a. Furnished with gabions.
Gabionnade
Ga`bion`nade" (?), n. See Gabionade.
Gable
Ga"ble (?), n. A cable. [Archaic] Chapman.
Gable
Ga"ble, n. [OE. gable, gabil, F. gable, fr. LL. gabalum front of a
building, prob. of German or Scand. origin; cf. OHG. gibil, G. giebel
gable, Icel. gafl, Goth. gibla pinnacle; perh. akin to Gr. cephalic,
or to G. gabel fork, AS. geafl, E. gaffle, L. gabalus a kind of
gallows.] (Arch.) (a) The vertical triangular portion of the end of a
building, from the level of the cornice or eaves to the ridge of the
roof. Also, a similar end when not triangular in shape, as of a
gambrel roof and the like. Hence: (b) The end wall of a building, as
distinguished from the front or rear side. (c) A decorative member
having the shape of a triangular gable, such as that above a Gothic
arch in a doorway. Bell gable. See under Bell. -- Gable roof, a double
sloping roof which forms a gable at each end. -- Gable wall. Same as
Gable (b). -- Gable window, a window in a gable.
Gablet
Ga"blet (?), n. (Arch.) A small gable, or gable-shaped canopy, formed
over a tabernacle, niche, etc.
Gablock
Gab"lock (?), n. [See Gavelock.] A false spur or gaff, fitted on the
heel of a gamecock. Wright.
Gaby
Ga"by (?), n. [Icel. gapi a rash, reckless man. Cf. Gafe.] A
simpleton; a dunce; a lout. [Colloq.]
Gad
Gad (?), n. [OE. gad, Icel. gaddr goad, sting; akin to Sw. gadd sting,
Goth. gazds, G. gerte switch. See Yard a measure.]
1. The point of a spear, or an arrowhead.
2. A pointed or wedge-shaped instrument of metal, as a steel wedge
used in mining, etc.
I will go get a leaf of brass, And with a gad of steel will write
these words. Shak.
3. A sharp-pointed rod; a goad.
4. A spike on a gauntlet; a gadling. Fairholt.
5. A wedge-shaped billet of iron or steel. [Obs.]
Flemish steel . . . some in bars and some in gads. Moxon.
6. A rod or stick, as a fishing rod, a measuring rod, or a rod used to
drive cattle with. [Prov. Eng. Local, U.S.] Halliwell. Bartlett.
Upon the gad, upon the spur of the moment; hastily. [Obs.] "All this
done upon the gad!" Shak.
Gad
Gad, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gadded; p. pr. & vb. n. Gadding.] [Prob. fr.
gad, n., and orig. meaning to drive about.] To walk about; to rove or
go about, without purpose; hence, to run wild; to be uncontrolled.
"The gadding vine." Milton.
Why gaddest thou about so much to change thy way? Jer. ii. 36.
Gadabout
Gad"a*bout` (?), n. A gadder [Colloq.]
Gadbee
Gad"bee` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gadfly.
Gadder
Gad"der (?), n. One who roves about idly, a rambling gossip.
Gadding
Gad"ding, a. & n. Going about much, needlessly or without purpose.
Envy is a gadding passion, and walketh the streets. Bacon.
The good nuns would check her gadding tongue. Tennyson.
Gadding car, in quarrying, a car which carries a drilling machine so
arranged as to drill a line of holes.
Gaddingly
Gad"ding*ly (?), adv. In a roving, idle manner.
Gaddish
Gad"dish (?), a. Disposed to gad. -- Gad"dish*nes, n. "Gaddishness and
folly." Abp. Leighton.
Gade
Gade (?), n. [Cf. Cod the fish.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small British fish
(Motella argenteola) of the Cod family. (b) A pike, so called at Moray
Firth; -- called also gead. [Prov. Eng.]
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Gadere, Gadre
Gad"er*e (?), Gad"re (, v. t. & i. To gather. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gadfly
Gad"fly` (?), n.; pl. Gadflies (#). [Gad + fly.] (Zo\'94l.) Any
dipterous insect of the genus Oestrus, and allied genera of botflies.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sheep gadfly (Oestrus ovis) deposits its young in
the nostrils of sheep, and the larv\'91 develop in the frontal
sinuses. The common species which infests cattle (Hypoderma bovis)
deposits its eggs upon or in the skin where the larv\'91 or bots
live and produce sores called wormels. The gadflies of the horse
produce the intestinal parasites called bots. See Botfly, and Bots.
The true horseflies are often erroneously called gadflies, and the
true gadflies are sometimes incorrectly called breeze flies.
Gadfly petrel (Zo\'94l.), one of several small petrels of the genus
Oestrelata.
Gadhelic
Gadhel"ic (g&amac;l"&icr;k), a. [See Gaelic.] Of or pertaining to that
division of the Celtic languages, which includes the Irish, Gaelic,
and Manx. J. Peile.
Gadic
Gad"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the cod
(Gadus); -- applied to an acid obtained from cod-liver oil, viz.,
gadic acid.
Gaditanian
Gad`i*ta`ni*an (?), a. [L. Gaditanus, fr. Gades Cadiz.] Of or relating
to Cadiz, in Spain. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Cadiz.
Gadling
Gad"ling (?), n. [Gad, n. + -ling.] (Medi\'91val Armor) [R.] See Gad,
n., 4.
Gadling
Gad"ling, a. [See Gad, v. i.] Gadding about. [Obs.]
Gadling
Gad"ling, n. A roving vagabond. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Gadman
Gadman (?), n. A gadsman.
Gadoid
Ga"doid (?; 277), a. [NL. gadus cod + -oid: cf. F. gado\'8bde gadoid,
Gr. gade.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family of fishes
(Gadid\'91) which includes the cod, haddock, and hake. -- n. One of
the Gadid\'91. [Written also gadid.]
Gadolinia
Gad`o*lin"i*a (?), n. [NL. See Gadolinite.] (Chem.) A rare earth,
regarded by some as an oxide of the supposed element gadolinium, by
others as only a mixture of the oxides of yttrium, erbium, ytterbium,
etc.
Gadolinic
Gad`o*lin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to or containing gadolinium.
Gadolinite
Gad"o*lin*ite (?), n. [Named after Gadolin, a Russian chemist.] (Min.)
A mineral of a nearly black color and vitreous luster, and consisting
principally of the silicates of yttrium, cerium, and iron.
Gadolinium
Gad`o*lin"i*um (?), n. [NL. See Gadolinite.] (Chem.) A supposed rare
metallic element, with a characteristic spectrum, found associated
with yttrium and other rare metals. Its individuality and properties
have not yet been determined.
Gadsman
Gads"man (?), n. One who uses a gad or goad in driving.
Gaduin
Gad"u*in (?), n.[NL. gadus codfish.] (Chem.) A yellow or brown
amorphous substance, of indifferent nature, found in cod-liver oil.
Gadwall
Gad"wall (?), n. [Gad to walk about + well.] (Zo\'94l.) A large duck
(Anas strepera), valued as a game bird, found in the northern parts of
Europe and America; -- called also gray duck. [Written also gaddwell.]
Gael
Gael (?), n.sing. & pl. [See Gaelic.] (Ethnol.) A Celt or the Celts of
the Scotch Highlands or of Ireland; now esp., a Scotch Highlander of
Celtic origin.
Gaelic
Gael"ic (?; 277), a. [Gael. G\'85idhealach, Gaelach, from G\'85idheal,
Gael, a Scotch Highlander.] (Ethnol.) Of or pertaining to the Gael,
esp. to the Celtic Highlanders of Scotland; as, the Gaelic language.
Gaelic
Gael"ic (?), n. [Gael. Gaelig, G\'85ilig.] The language of the Gaels,
esp. of the Highlanders of Scotland. It is a branch of the Celtic.
Gaff
Gaff (?), n. [OE. gaffe, F. gaffe an iron hook with which seamen pull
great fishes into their ships; cf. Ir. gaf, gafa hook; perh. akin to
G. gabel fork, Skr. gabhasti. CF. Gaffle, Gable.]
1. A barbed spear or a hook with a handle, used by fishermen in
securing heavy fish.
2. (Naut.) The spar upon which the upper edge of a fore-and-aft sail
is extended.
3. Same as Gaffle, 1. Wright.
Gaff
Gaff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gaffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gaffing.] To
strike with a gaff or barbed spear; to secure by means of a gaff; as,
to gaff a salmon.
Gaffer
Gaf"fer (?), n. [Possibly contr. fr. godfather; but prob. fr. gramfer
for grandfather. Cf. Gammer.]
1. An old fellow; an aged rustic.
Go to each gaffer and each goody. Fawkes.
NOTE: &hand; Ga ffer wa s or iginally a re spectful ti tle, no w
degenerated into a term of familiarity or contempt when addressed
to an aged man in humble life.
2. A foreman or overseer of a gang of laborers. [Prov. Eng.]
Gaffle
Gaf"fle (?), n. [Cf. AS. geafl fork, LG., D., Sw., & Dan. gaffel, G.
gabel, W. gafl, Ir. & Gael. gabhal. Cf. Gaff.]
1. An artificial spur or gaff for gamecocks.
2. A lever to bend crossbows.
Gaff-topsail
Gaff`-top"sail (?), n. (Naut.) A small triangular sail having its foot
extended upon the gaff and its luff upon the topmast.
Gag
Gag (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gagging (?).]
[Prob. fr. W. cegio to choke or strangle, fr. ceg mouth, opening,
entrance.]
1. To stop the mouth of, by thrusting sometimes in, so as to hinder
speaking; hence, to silence by authority or by violence; not to allow
freedom of speech to. Marvell.
The time was not yet come when eloquence was to be gagged, and
reason to be hood winked. Maccaulay.
2. To pry or hold open by means of a gag.
Mouths gagged to such a wideness. Fortescue (Transl. ).
3. To cause to heave with nausea.
Gag
Gag, v. i.
1. To heave with nausea; to retch.
2. To introduce gags or interpolations. See Gag, n., 3. [Slang]
Cornill Mag.
Gag
Gag, n.
1. Sometimes thrust into the mouth or throat to hinder speaking.
2. A mouthful that makes one retch; a choking bit; as, a gag of mutton
fat. Lamb.
3. A speech or phrase interpolated offhand by an actor on the stage in
his part as written, usually consisting of some seasonable or local
allusion. [Slang]
Gag rein (Harness), a rein for drawing the bit upward in the horse's
mouth. -- Gag runner (Harness), a loop on the throat latch guiding the
gag rein.
Gagate
Gag"ate (?; 48), n. [L. gagates. See Jet a black mineral.] Agate.
[Obs.] Fuller.
Gage
Gage (?), n. [F. gage, LL. gadium, wadium; of German origin; cf. Goth.
wadi, OHG. wetti, weti, akin to E. wed. See Wed, and cf. Wage, n.]
1. A pledge or pawn; something laid down or given as a security for
the performance of some act by the person depositing it, and forfeited
by nonperformance; security.
Nor without gages to the needy lend. Sandys.
2. A glove, cap, or the like, cast on the ground as a challenge to
combat, and to be taken up by the accepter of the challenge; a
challenge; a defiance. "There I throw my gage." Shak.
Gage
Gage (?), n. [So called because an English family named Gage imported
the greengage from France, in the last century.] A variety of plum;
as, the greengage; also, the blue gage, frost gage, golden gage, etc.,
having more or less likeness to the greengage. See Greengage.
Gage
Gage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gaged (?); p. pr & vb. n. Gaging (?).] [Cf.
F. gager. See Gage, n., a pledge.]
1. To give or deposit as a pledge or security for some act; to wage or
wager; to pawn or pledge. [Obs.]
A moiety competent Was gaged by our king. Shak.
2. To bind by pledge, or security; to engage.
Great debts Wherein my time, sometimes too prodigal, Hath left me
gaged. Shak.
Gage
Gage, n. A measure or standart. See Gauge, n.
Gage
Gage, v. t. To measure. See Gauge, v. t.
You shall not gage me By what we do to-night. Shak.
Gager
Ga"ger (?), n. A measurer. See Gauger.
Gagger
Gag"ger (?), n.
1. One who gags.
2. (Founding) A piece of iron imbedded in the sand of a mold to keep
the sand in place.
Gaggle
Gag"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gaggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gaggling
(?).] [Of imitative origin; cf. D. gaggelen, gagelen, G. gackeln,
gackern, MHG. g, E. giggle, cackle.] To make a noise like a goose; to
cackle. Bacon.
Gaggle
Gag"gle, n. [Cf. Gaggle v. i.] (Zo\'94l.) A flock of wild geese.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Gagtooth
Gag"tooth` (?), n.; pl. Gagteeth (. A projecting tooth. [Obs.]
Gag-toothed
Gag"-toothed" (?), a. Having gagteeth. [Obs.]
Gahnite
Gahn"ite (?), n. [Named after Gahn, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.) Zinc
spinel; automolite.
Gaidic
Ga*id"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to hypogeic acid; -- applied
to an acid obtained from hypogeic acid.
Gaiety
Gai"e*ty (?), n. Same as Gayety.
Gailer
Gail"er (?), n. A jailer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gaillard
Gail`lard" (?), a. [F. See Galliard.] Gay; brisk; merry; galliard.
Chaucer.
Gailliarde
Gail*liarde" (?), n. [See Galliard a dance.] A lively French and
Italian dance.
Gaily
Gai"ly (?), adv. [From Gay.] Merrily; showily. See gaily.
Gain
Gain (?), n. [Cf. W. gan a mortise.] (Arch.) A square or beveled notch
cut out of a girder, binding joist, or other timber which supports a
floor beam, so as to receive the end of the floor beam.
Gain
Gain, a. [OE. gein, gain, good, near, quick; cf. Icel. gegn ready,
serviceable, and gegn, adv., against, opposite. CF. Ahain.]
Convenient; suitable; direct; near; handy; dexterous; easy;
profitable; cheap; respectable. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Gain
Gain (?), n. [OE. gain, gein, ga, gain, advantage, Icel. gagn; akin to
Sw. gagn, Dan. gavn, cf. Goth. gageigan to gain. The word was prob.
influenced by F. gain gain, OF. gaain. Cf. Gain, v. t.]
1. That which is gained, obtained, or acquired, as increase, profit,
advantage, or benefit; -- opposed to loss.
But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ.
Phil. iii. 7.
Godliness with contentment is great gain. 1 Tim. vi. 6.
Every one shall share in the gains. Shak.
2. The obtaining or amassing of profit or valuable possessions;
acquisition; accumulation. "The lust of gain." Tennyson.
Gain
Gain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gaining.] [From
gain, n. but. prob. influenced by F. gagner to earn, gain, OF.
gaaignier to cultivate, OHG. weidin, weidinen to pasture, hunt, fr.
weida pasturage, G. weide, akin to Icel. vei hunting, AS. wa, cf. L.
venari to hunt, E. venison. See Gain, n., profit.]
1. To get, as profit or advantage; to obtain or acquire by effort or
labor; as, to gain a good living.
What is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose
his own soul? Matt. xvi. 26.
To gain dominion, or to keep it gained. Milton.
For fame with toil we gain, but lose with ease. Pope.
2. To come off winner or victor in; to be successful in; to obtain by
competition; as, to gain a battle; to gain a case at law; to gain a
prize.
3. To draw into any interest or party; to win to one's side; to
conciliate.
If he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. Matt. xviii.
15.
To gratify the queen, and gained the court. Dryden.
4. To reach; to attain to; to arrive at; as, to gain the top of a
mountain; to gain a good harbor.
Forded Usk and gained the wood. Tennyson.
5. To get, incur, or receive, as loss, harm, or damage. [Obs. or
Ironical]
Ye should . . . not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this
harm and loss. Acts xxvii. 21.
Gained day, the calendar day gained in sailing eastward around the
earth. -- To gain ground, to make progress; to advance in any
undertaking; to prevail; to acquire strength or extent. -- To gain
over, to draw to one's party or interest; to win over. -- To gain the
wind (Naut.), to reach the windward side of another ship. Syn. -- To
obtain; acquire; get; procure; win; earn; attain; achieve. See Obtain.
-- To Gain, Win. Gain implies only that we get something by exertion;
win, that we do it in competition with others. A person gains
knowledge, or gains a prize, simply by striving for it; he wins a
victory, or wins a prize, by taking it in a struggle with others.
Gain
Gain (?), v. i. To have or receive advantage or profit; to acquire
gain; to grow rich; to advance in interest, health, or happiness; to
make progress; as, the sick man gains daily.
Thou hast greedily gained of thy neighbors by extortion. Ezek.
xxii. 12.
Gaining twist, in rifled firearms, a twist of the grooves, which
increases regularly from the breech to the muzzle. To gain on OR upon.
(a) To encroach on; as, the ocean gains on the land. (b) To obtain
influence with. (c) To win ground upon; to move faster than, as in a
race or contest. (d) To get the better of; to have the advantage of.
The English have not only gained upon the Venetians in the Levant,
but have their cloth in Venice itself. Addison.
My good behavior had so far gained on the emperor, that I began to
conceive hopes of liberty. Swift.
Gainable
Gain"a*ble (?), a. [CF. F. gagnable. See Gain, v. t.] Capable of being
obtained or reached. Sherwood.
Gainage
Gain"age (?, 48), n. [OF. gaignage pasturage, crop, F. gaignage
pasturage. See Gain, v. t.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) The horses, oxen, plows,
wains or wagons and implements for carrying on tillage. (b) The profit
made by tillage; also, the land itself. Bouvier.
Gainer
Gain"er (?), n. One who gains. Shak.
Gainful
Gain"ful (?), a. Profitable; advantageous; lucrative. "A gainful
speculation." Macaulay. -- Gain"ful*ly, adv. -- Gain"ful*ness, n.
Gaingiving
Gain"giv`ing (?), n. [See Again, and Give.] A misgiving. [Obs.]
Gainless
Gain"less, a. Not producing gain; unprofitable. Hammond. --
Gain"less/ness, n.
Gainly
Gain"ly, adv. [See Gain, a.] Handily; readily; dexterously;
advantageously. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Gainpain
Gain"pain` (?), n.[F. gagner to gain + pain bread.] Bread-gainer; -- a
term applied in the Middle Ages to the sword of a hired soldier.
Gainsay
Gain`say" (? OR ?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gainsaid (? OR ?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Gainsaying.] [OE. geinseien, ageinseien. See Again, and Say
to utter.] To contradict; to deny; to controvert; to dispute; to
forbid.
I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries shall
not be able to gainsay nor resist. Luke xxi. 15.
The just gods gainsay That any drop thou borrow'dst from thy
mother, My sacred aunt, should by my mortal sword Be drained. Shak.
Gainsayer
Gain`say"er (?), n. One who gainsays, contradicts, or denies. "To
convince the gainsayers." Tit. i. 9.
Gainsome
Gain"some (?), a.
1. Gainful.
2. Prepossessing; well-favored. [Obs.] Massinger.
'Gainst
'Gainst (?), prep. A contraction of Against.
Gainstand
Gain"stand` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gainstood; p. pr. & vb. n.
gainstanding.] [See Again, and Stand.] To withstand; to resist. [Obs.]
Durst . . . gainstand the force of so many enraged desires. Sir P.
Sidney.
Gainstrive
Gain"strive` (?), v. t. & i. [See Again, and Strive.] To strive or
struggle against; to withstand. [Obs.] Spenser.
Gairfowl
Gair"fowl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Garefowl.
Gairish, a., Gairishly, adv., Gairish/ness
Gair"ish (?), a., Gair"ish*ly, adv., Gair"ish/ness, n. Same as Garish,
Garishly, Garishness.
Gait
Gait (?), n. [See Gate a way.]
1. A going; a walk; a march; a way.
Good gentleman, go your gait, and let poor folks pass. Shak.
2. Manner of walking or stepping; bearing or carriage while moving.
'T is Cinna; I do know him by his gait. Shak.
Gaited
Gait"ed (?), a. Having (such) a gait; -- used in composition; as,
slow-gaited; heavy-gaited.
Gaiter
Gait"er (?), n. [F. gu\'88tre, cf. Armor. gweltren; or perh. of German
origin, and akin to E. wear, v.]
1. A covering of cloth or leather for the ankle and instep, or for the
whole leg from the knee to the instep, fitting down upon the shoe.
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2. A kind of shoe, consisting of cloth, and covering the ankle.
Gaiter
Gai"ter (?), v. t. To dress with gaiters.
Gaitre, Gaytre
Gai"tre, Gay"tre (, n. [OE. Cf. Gatten tree.] The dogwood tree. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Gala
Ga"la (?), n. [F. gala show, pomp, fr. It. gala finery, gala; of
German origin. See Gallant.] Pomp, show, or festivity. Macaulay. Gala
day, a day of mirth and festivity; a holiday.
Galacta-gogue
Ga*lac"ta-gogue (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) An agent exciting secretion of
milk.
Galactic
Ga*lac"tic (?), a. [Gr. Galaxy, and cf. Lactic.]
1. Of or pertaining to milk; got from milk; as, galactic acid.
2. Of or pertaining to the galaxy or Milky Way.
Galactic circle (Astron.), the great circle of the heavens, to which
the course of the galaxy most nearly conforms. Herschel. -- Galactic
poles, the poles of the galactic circle.
Galactin
Ga*lac"tin (?), n. [Gr. Lactin.] (Chem.) (a) An amorphous, gelatinous
substance containing nitrogen, found in milk and other animal fluids.
It resembles peptone, and is variously regarded as a coagulating or
emulsifying agent. (b) A white waxy substance found in the sap of the
South American cow tree (Galactodendron). (c) An amorphous, gummy
carbohydrate resembling gelose, found in the seeds of leguminous
plants, and yielding on decomposition several sugars, including
galactose.
Galactodensimeter
Ga*lac`to*den*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. densimeter.] Same as
Galactometer.
Galactometer
Gal`ac*tom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. galactom\'8atre. Cf.
Lactometer.] An instrument for ascertaining the quality of milk (i.e.,
its richness in cream) by determining its specific gravity; a
lactometer.
Galactophagist
Gal`ac*toph"a*gist (?), n. [Gr. One who eats, or subsists on, milk.
Galactophagous
Gal`ac*toph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. galactophade.] Feeding on milk.
Galactophorous
Gal`ac*toph"o*rous (?), a. [Gr. galactophore. Cf. Lactiferous.]
(Anat.) Milk-carrying; lactiferous; -- applied to the ducts of mammary
glands.
Galactopoietic
Ga*lac`to*poi*et"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Increasing the flow of milk;
milk-producing. -- n. A galactopoietic substance.
Galactose
Ga*lac"tose (?), n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline sugar, C6H12O6,
isomeric with dextrose, obtained by the decomposition of milk sugar,
and also from certain gums. When oxidized it forms mucic acid. Called
also lactose (though it is not lactose proper).<-- lactose is a
dimeric form of galactose, converted to galactose by acid or enzymatic
activity (beta-galactosidase) -->
Galage
Ga*lage" (?), n. (Obs.) See Galoche. Spenser.
Galago
Ga*la"go (?), n.; pl. Galagos (#). [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus
of African lemurs, including numerous species.
NOTE: &hand; Th e gr and galago (Galago crassicaudata) is about the
size of a cat; the mouse galago (G. murinus)is about the size of a
mouse.
Galanga, Galangal
Ga*lan"ga (?), Ga*lan"gal (?), n.[OE. galingale, OF. galingal,
garingal, F. galanga (cf. Sp. galanga), prob. fr. Ar. khalanj. ] The
pungent aromatic rhizome or tuber of certain East Indian or Chinese
species of Alpinia (A. Galanga and A. officinarum) and of the
K\'91mpferia Galanga), -- all of the Ginger family.
Galantine
Gal"an*tine (? or ?), n. [F. galantine.] A dish of veal, chickens, or
other white meat, freed from bones, tied up, boiled, and served cold.
Smart.
Galapee tree
Gal"a*pee` tree" (?), (Bot.) The West Indian Sciadophyllum Brownei, a
tree with very large digitate leaves.
Galatian
Ga*la"tian (?), a. Of or pertaining to Galatia or its inhabitants. --
A native or inhabitant of Galatia, in Asia Minor; a descendant of the
Gauls who settled in Asia Minor.
Galaxy
Gal"ax*y (?), n.; pl. Galaxies (#). [F. galaxie, L. galaxias, fr. Gr.
lac. CF. Lacteal.]
1. (Astron.) The Milky Way; that luminous tract, or belt, which is
seen at night stretching across the heavens, and which is composed of
innumerable stars, so distant and blended as to be distinguishable
only with the telescope. The term has recently been used for remote
clusters of stars. Nichol.
2. A splendid assemblage of persons or things.
Galban, Galbanum
Gal"ban, Gal"ba*num (?), n. [L. galbanum, Gr. klekb'n: cf. F.
galbanum.] A gum resin exuding from the stems of certain Asiatic
umbelliferous plants, mostly species of Ferula. The Bubon Galbanum of
South Africa furnishes an inferior kind of galbanum. It has an acrid,
bitter taste, a strong, unpleasant smell, and is used for medical
purposes, also in the arts, as in the manufacture of varnish.
Gale
Gale (?), n. [Prob. of Scand.. origin; cf. Dan. gal furious, Icel.
galinn, cf. Icel. gala to sing, AS. galan to sing, Icel. galdr song,
witchcraft, AS. galdor charm, sorcery, E. nightingale; also, Icel.
gjla gust of wind, gola breeze. Cf. Yell.]
1. A strong current of air; a wind between a stiff breeze and a
hurricane. The most violent gales are called tempests.
NOTE: &hand; Ga les ha ve a ve locity of fr om ab out ei ghteen
("moderate") to about eighty ("very heavy") miles an our.
Sir. W. S. Harris.
2. A moderate current of air; a breeze.
A little gale will soon disperse that cloud. Shak.
And winds of gentlest gale Arabian odors fanned From their soft
wings. Milton.
3. A state of excitement, passion, or hilarity.
The ladies, laughing heartily, were fast getting into what, in New
England, is sometimes called a gale. Brooke (Eastford).
Topgallant gale (Naut.), one in which a ship may carry her topgallant
sails.
Gale
Gale (?), v. i. (Naut.) To sale, or sail fast.
Gale
Gale, n [OE. gal. See Gale wind.] A song or story. [Obs.] Toone.
Gale
Gale, v. i. [AS. galan. See 1st Gale.] To sing. [Obs.] "Can he cry and
gale." Court of Love.
Gale
Gale, n [AS. gagel, akin to D. gagel.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus
Myrica, growing in wet places, and strongly resembling the bayberry.
The sweet gale (Myrica Gale) is found both in Europe and in America.
Gale
Gale, n. [Cf. Gabel.] The payment of a rent or annuity. [Eng.] Mozley
& W. Gale day, the day on which rent or interest is due.
Galea
Ga"le*a (?), n.[L., a helmet. ]
1. (Bot.) The upper lip or helmet-shaped part of a labiate flower.
2. (Surg.) A kind of bandage for the head.
3. (Pathol.) Headache extending all over the head.
4. (Paleon.) A genus of fossil echini, having a vaulted, helmet-shaped
shell.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The anterior, outer process of the second joint of the
maxillae in certain insects.
Galeas
Gal"e*as (?), n. See Galleass.
Galeate, Galeated
Ga"le*ate (?), Ga"le*a`ted (?), a. [L. galeatus, p.p. of galeare
helmet.]
1. Wearing a helmet; protected by a helmet; covered, as with a helmet.
2. (Biol.) Helmeted; having a helmetlike part, as a crest, a flower,
etc.; helmet-shaped.
Galei
Ga"le*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Galeus, name of one genus, fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) That division of elasmobranch fishes which includes the
sharks.
Galena
Ga*le"na (?), n.[L. galena lead ore, dross that remains after melting
lead: cf. F. gal\'8ane sulphide of lead ore, antidote to prison,
stillness of the sea, calm, tranquility.]
1. (Med.) A remedy or antidose for poison; theriaca. [Obs.] Parr.
2. (Min.) Lead sulphide; the principal ore of lead. It is of a bluish
gray color and metallic luster, and is cubic in crystallization and
cleavage.
False galena. See Blende.
Galenic, Galenical
Ga*len"ic (?), Ga*len"ic*al (, a. Pertaining to, or containing,
galena.
Galenic, Galenical
Ga*len"ic, Ga*len"ic*al, an. [From Galen, the physician.] Relating to
Galen or to his principles and method of treating diseases. Dunglison.
Galenic pharmacy, that branch of pharmacy which relates to the
preparation of medicines by infusion, decoction, etc., as
distinguished from those which are chemically prepared.
Galenism
Ga"len*ism (?), n. The doctrines of Galen.
Galenist
Ga*len*ist, n. A follower of Galen.
Galenite
Ga*le"nite (?), n. (Min.) Galena; lead ore.
Gale-opithecus
Ga`le-o*pi*the"cus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of flying
Insectivora, formerly called flying lemurs. See Colugo.
Galericu-late
Gal`er*ic"u-late (?), a. [L. galericulum, dim. of galerum a hat or
cap, fr. galea helmet.] Covered as with a hat or cap. Smart.
Galerite
Gal"er*ite (?), n. [L. galerum a hat, cap: cf. F. gal\'82rite.]
(Paleon.) A cretaceous fossil sea urchin of the genus Galerites.
Galician
Ga*li"cian (?), a. [Cf. Sp. Galiciano, Gallego, fr. L. Gallaecus,
Gallaicus, fr. Gallaeci a people in Western Spain.] Of or pertaining
to Galicia, in Spain, or to Galicia, the kingdom of Austrian Poland.
-- n. A native of Galicia in Spain; -- called also Gallegan.
Galilean
Gal`i*le"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Galileo; as, the Galilean
telescope. See Telescope.
Galilean
Gal`i*le"an (?), a. [L. Galilaeus, fr. Galilaea Galilee, Gr.
galil\'82en.] Of or relating to Galilee.
Galilean
Gal`i*le"an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Galilee, the northern province of
Palestine under the Romans.
2. (Jewish Hist.) One of the party among the Jews, who opposed the
payment of tribute to the Romans; -- called also Gaulonite.
3. A Christian in general; -- used as a term of reproach by
Mohammedans and Pagans. Byron.
Galilee
Gal"i*lee (?), n. [Supposed to have been so termed in allusion to the
scriptural "Galilee of the Gentiles." cf. OF. galil\'82e.] (Arch.) A
porch or waiting room, usually at the west end of an abbey church,
where the monks collected on returning from processions, where bodies
were laid previous to interment, and where women were allowed to see
the monks to whom they were related, or to hear divine service. Also,
frequently applied to the porch of a church, as at Ely and Durham
cathedrals. Gwilt.
Galimatias
Gal`i*ma"tias (?), n. [F.] Nonsense; gibberish; confused and unmeaning
talk; confused mixture.
Her dress, like her talk, is a galimatias of several countries.
Walpole.
Galingale
Gal"in*gale (?), n. [See Galangal.] (Bot.) A plant of the Sedge family
(Cyperus longus) having aromatic roots; also, any plant of the same
genus. Chaucer.
Meadow, set with slender galingale. Tennyson.
Galiot
Gal"i*ot (?), n. [OE. galiote, F. galiote. See Galley.] (Naut.) (a) A
small galley, formerly used in the Mediterranean, built mainly for
speed. It was moved both by sails and oars, having one mast, and
sixteen or twenty seats for rowers. (b) A strong, light-draft, Dutch
merchant vessel, carrying a mainmast and a mizzenmast, and a large
gaff mainsail.
Galipot
Gal"i*pot (?), n. [F. galipot; cf. OF. garipot the wild pine or pitch
tree.] An impure resin of turpentine, hardened on the outside of pine
trees by the spontaneous evaporation of its essential oil. When
purified, it is called yellow pitch, white pitch, or Burgundy pitch.
Gall
Gall (?), n.[OE. galle, gal, AS. gealla; akin to D. gal, OS. & OHG.
galla, Icel. gall, SW. galla, Dan. galde, L. fel, Gr. yellow. Yellow,
and cf. Choler]
1. (Physiol.) The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall
bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver,
or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder.
2. The gall bladder.
3. Anything extremely bitter; bitterness; rancor.
He hath . . . compassed me with gall and travail. Lam. iii. 5.
Comedy diverted without gall. Dryden.
4. Impudence; brazen assurance. [Slang]
Gall bladder (Anat.), the membranous sac, in which the bile, or gall,
is stored up, as secreted by the liver; the cholecystis. See Illust.
of Digestive apparatus. -- Gall duct, a duct which conveys bile, as
the cystic duct, or the hepatic duct. -- Gall sickness, a remitting
bilious fever in the Netherlands. Dunglison. -- Gall of the earth
(Bot.), an herbaceous composite plant with variously lobed and cleft
leaves, usually the Prenanthes serpentaria.
Gall
Gall (?), n. [F. galle, noix de galle, fr. L. galla.] (Zo\'94l.) An
excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or
their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and
Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The
larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites,
etc. See Gallnut.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ga lls, or gallnuts, of commerce are produced by
insects of the genus Cynips, chiefly on an oak (Quercus infectoria
or Lusitanica) of Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain
much tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article and
for making ink and a black dye, as well as in medicine.
Gall insect (Zo\'94l.), any insect that produces galls. -- Gall midge
(Zo\'94l.), any small dipterous insect that produces galls. -- Gall
oak, the oak (Quercus infectoria) which yields the galls of commerce.
-- Gall of glass, the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of
melted crown glass;- called also glass gall and sandiver. Ure.-- Gall
wasp. (Zo\'94l.) See Gallfly.
Gall
Gall, v. t. (Dyeing) To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts. Ure.
Gall
Gall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Galled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Galling.] [OE.
gallen; cf. F. galer to scratch, rub, gale scurf, scab, G. galle a
disease in horses' feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of
uncertain origin. Cf. Gall gallnut.]
1. To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by
rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; as, a saddle
galls the back of a horse; to gall a mast or a cable.
I am loth to gall a new-healed wound. Shak.
2. To fret; to vex; as, to be galled by sarcasm.
They that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh.
Shak.
3. To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the troops were galled by the
shot of the enemy.
In our wars against the French of old, we used to gall them with
our longbows, at a greater distance than they could shoot their
arrows. Addison.
Gall
Gall, v. i. To scoff; to jeer. [R.] Shak.
Gall
Gall, n. A wound in the skin made by rubbing.
Gallant
Gal"lant (?), a. [F. gallant, prop. p. pr. of OF. galer to rejoice,
akin to OF. gale amusement, It. gala ornament; of German origin; cf.
OHG. geil merry, luxuriant, wanton, G. geil lascivious, akin to AS. g
wanton, wicked, OS. g merry, Goth. gailjan to make to rejoice, or
perh. akin to E. weal. See Gala, Galloon.]
1. Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well-dressed.
The town is built in a very gallant place. Evelyn.
Our royal, good and gallant ship. Shak.
2. Noble in bearing or spirit; brave; high-spirited; courageous;
heroic; magnanimous; as, a gallant youth; a gallant officer.
That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds. Shak.
The gay, the wise, the gallant, and the grave. Waller.
Syn. -- Gallant, Courageous, Brave. Courageous is generic, denoting an
inward spirit which rises above fear; brave is more outward, marking a
spirit which braves or defies danger; gallant rises still higher,
denoting bravery on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure.
A courageous man is ready for battle; a brave man courts it; a gallant
man dashes into the midst of the conflict.
Gallant
Gal*lant" (?; 277), a. Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to
women; chivalrous.
Gallant
Gal*lant" (?; 277), n.
1. A man of mettle or spirit; a gay; fashionable man; a young blood.
Shak.
2. One fond of paying attention to ladies.
3. One who wooes; a lover; a suitor; in a bad sense, a seducer.
Addison.
NOTE: &hand; In the first sense it is by some ortho\'89pists (as in
Shakespeare) accented on the first syllable.
Gallant
Gal*lant" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gallanted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Gallanting.]
1. To attend or wait on, as a lady; as, to gallant ladies to the play.
2. To handle with grace or in a modish manner; as, to gallant a fan.
[Obs.] Addison.
Gallantly
Gal*lant"ly (?), adv. In a polite or courtly manner; like a gallant or
wooer.
Gallantly
Gal"lant*ly (?), adv. In a gallant manner.
Gallantness
Gal"lant*ness (?), n. The quality of being gallant.
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Gallantry
Gal"lant*ry (?), n.; pl. Gallantries (#). [F. galanterie.]
1. Splendor of appearance; ostentatious finery. [Archaic]
Guess the gallantry of our church by this . . . when the desk
whereon the priest read was inlaid with plates of silver. Fuller.
2. Bravery; intrepidity; as, the troops behaved with great gallantry.
3. Civility or polite attention to ladies; in a bed sense, attention
or courtesy designed to win criminal favors from a female; freedom of
principle or practice with respect to female virtue; intrigue.
4. Gallant persons, collectively. [R.]
Helenus, Antenor, and all the gallantry of Troy. Shak.
Syn. -- See Courage, and Heroism.
Gallate
Gal"late (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. gallate. See Gall gallnut.] (Chem.) A
salt of gallic acid.
Gallature
Gal"la*ture (?; 135), n. [From L. gallus a cock.] (Zo\'94l.) The
tread, treadle, or chalasa of an egg.
Galleass
Gal"le*ass (?; 135), n. [F. gal\'82asse, gal\'82ace; cf. It. galeazza,
Sp. galeaza; LL. galea a galley. See Galley.] (Naut.) A large galley,
having some features of the galleon, as broadside guns; esp., such a
vessel used by the southern nations of Europe in the 16th and 17th
centuries. See Galleon, and Galley. [Written variously galeas,
gallias, etc.]
NOTE: &hand; "T he ga lleasses . . . were a third larger than the
ordinary galley, and rowed each by three hundred galley slaves.
They consisted of an enormous towering structure at the stern, a
castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats
for the rowers amidships."
Motley.
Gallegan, Gallego
Gal*le"gan (?), Gal*le"go (? or ?), n. [Sp. Gallego.] A native or
inhabitant of Galicia, in Spain; a Galician.
Galle\'8bn
Gal"le*\'8bn (?), n. [Pyrogallol + phthale\'8bn.] (Chem.) A red
crystalline dyestuff, obtained by heating together pyrogallic and
phthalic acids.
Galleon
Gal"le*on (?), n. [Sp. galeon, cf. F. galion; fr. LL. galeo, galio.
See Galley.] (Naut.) A sailing vessel of the 15th and following
centuries, often having three or four decks, and used for war or
commerce. The term is often rather indiscriminately applied to any
large sailing vessel.
The gallens . . . were huge, round-stemmed, clumsy vessels, with
bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and stern,
like castels. Motley.
Galleot
Gal"le*ot (?), n. (Naut.) See Galiot.
Gallery
Gal"ler*y (?), n.; pl Galleries (#). [F. galerie, It. galleria, fr.
LL. galeria gallery, perh. orig., a festal hall, banquetting hall; cf.
OF. galerie a rejoicing, fr. galer to rejoice. Cf. Gallant, a.]
1. A long and narrow corridor, or place for walking; a connecting
passageway, as between one room and another; also, a long hole or
passage excavated by a boring or burrowing animal.
2. A room for the exhibition of works of art; as, a picture gallery;
hence, also, a large or important collection of paintings, sculptures,
etc.
3. A long and narrow platform attached to one or more sides of public
hall or the interior of a church, and supported by brackets or
columns; -- sometimes intended to be occupied by musicians or
spectators, sometimes designed merely to increase the capacity of the
hall.
4. (Naut.) A frame, like a balcony, projecting from the stern or
quarter of a ship, and hence called stern galery or quarter gallry, --
seldom found in vessels built since 1850.
5. (Fort.) Any communication which is covered overhead as well as at
the sides. When prepared for defense, it is a defensive galery.
6. (Mining) A working drift or level.
Whispering gallery. See under Whispering.
Galletyle
Gal"le*tyle (?), n. [OE. gallytile. Cf. Gallipot.] A little tile of
glazed earthenware. [Obs.] "The substance of galletyle." Bacon.
Galley
Gal"ley (?), n.; pl. Galleys (#). [OE. gale, galeie (cf. OF. galie,
gal\'82e, LL. galea, LGr.
1. (Naut.) A vessel propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails
or not; as: (a) A large vessel for war and national purposes; --
common in the Middle Ages, and down to the 17th century. (b) A name
given by analogy to the Greek, Roman, and other ancient vessels
propelled by oars. (c) A light, open boat used on the Thames by
customhouse officers, press gangs, and also for pleasure. (d) One of
the small boats carried by a man-of-war.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ty pical galley of the Mediterranean was from one
hundred to two hundred feet long, often having twenty oars on each
side. It had two or three masts rigged with lateen sails, carried
guns at prow and stern, and a complement of one thousand to twelve
hundred men, and was very efficient in mediaeval walfare. Galleons,
galliots, galleasses, half galleys, and quarter galleys were all
modifications of this type.
2. The cookroom or kitchen and cooking apparatus of a vessel; --
sometimes on merchant vessels called the caboose.
3. (Chem.) An oblong oven or muffle with a battery of retorts; a
gallery furnace.
4. [F. gal\'82e; the same word as E. galley a vessel.] (Print.) (a) An
oblong tray of wood or brass, with upright sides, for holding type
which has been set, or is to be made up, etc. (b) A proof sheet taken
from type while on a galley; a galley proof.
Galley slave, a person condemned, often as a punishment for crime, to
work at the oar on board a galley. "To toil like a galley slave."
Macaulay.-- Galley slice (Print.), a sliding false bottom to a large
galley. Knight.
Galley-bird
Gal"ley-bird` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European
green woodpecker; also, the spotted woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]
Galley-worm
Gal"ley-worm` (?), n. [Prob. so called because the numerous legs along
the sides move rhythmically like the oars of a galley.] (Zo\'94l.) A
chilognath myriapod of the genus Iulus, and allied genera, having
numerous short legs along the sides; a milliped or "thousand legs."
See Chilognatha.
Gallfly
Gall"fly` (?), n.; pl. Gallflies (. (Zo\'94l.) An insect that deposits
its eggs in plants, and occasions galls, esp. any small hymenopteran
of the genus Cynips and allied genera. See Illust. of Gall.
Gallyambic
Gal`ly*am"bic (?), a. [L. galliambus a song used by the priests of
Cybele; Gallus (a name applied to these priests) + iambus] (Pros.)
Consisting of two iambic dimeters catalectic, the last of which lacks
the final syllable; -- said of a kind of verse.
Gallian
Gal"li*an (?), a. [See Gallic.] Gallic; French. [Obs.] Shak.
Galliard
Gal"liard (?), a. [OE., fr. F. gaillard, perh. of Celtic origin; cf.
Ir. & Gael. galach valiant, or AS. gagol, geagl, wanton, lascivious.]
Gay; brisk; active. [Obs.]
Galliard
Gal"liard, n. A brisk, gay man. [Obs.]
Selden is a galliard by himself. Cleveland.
Galliard
Gal"liard, n. [F. gaillarde, cf. Sp. gallarda. See Galliard, a.] A
gay, lively dance. Cf. Gailliarde.
Never a hall such a galliard did grace. Sir. W. Scott.
Galliardise
Gal`liard*ise (?), n. [F. gaillardise. See Galliard, a.] Excessive
gayety; merriment. [Obs.]
The mirth and galliardise of company. Sir. T. Browne.
Galliardness
Gal"liard*ness, n. Gayety. [Obs.] Gayton.
Galliass
Gal"li*ass (?), n. Same as Galleass.
Gallic
Gal"lic (?), a. [From Gallium.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing,
gallium.
Gallic
Gal"lic (277), a. [From Gall the excrescence.] Pertaining to, or
derived from, galls, nutgalls, and the like. Gallic acid (Chem.), an
organic acid, very widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, being
found in the free state in galls, tea, etc., and produced
artificially. It is a white, crystalline substance, C6H2(HO)3.CO2H,
with an astringent taste, and is a strong reducing agent, as employed
in photography. It is usually prepared from tannin, and both give a
dark color with iron salts, forming tannate and gallate of iron, which
are the essential ingredients of common black ink.
Gallic
Gal"lic (?), a. [L. Gallicus belonging to the Gauls, fr. Galli the
Gauls, Gallia Gaul, now France: cf. F. gallique.] Pertaining to Gaul
or France; Gallican.
Gallican
Gal"li*can (?), a. [L. Gallicanus: cf. F. gallican.] Of or pertaining
to Gaul or France; Gallic; French; as, the Gallican church or clergy.
Gallican
Gal"li*can, n. An adherent to, and supporter of, Gallicanism. Shipley.
Gallicanism
Gal"li*can*ism (?), n. The principles, tendencies, or action of those,
within the Roman Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought
to restrict the papal authority in that country and increase the power
of the national church. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
Gallicism
Gal"li*cism (?), n. [F. gallicisme.] A mode of speech peculiar to the
French; a French idiom; also, in general, a French mode or custom.
Gallicize
Gal"li*cize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gallicized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gallicizing (?).] To conform to the French mode or idiom.
Gallied
Gal"lied (?), p. p. & a. (Naut.) Worried; flurried; frightened. Ham.
Nav. Encyc.
Galliform
Gal"li*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like the Gallinae (or Galliformes) in
structure.
Galligaskins
Gal`li*gas"kins (?), n. pl. [Prob. corrupted fr. It. Grechesco
Grecian, a name which seems to have been given in Venice, and to have
been afterwards confused with Gascony, as if they came from Gascony.]
Loose hose or breeches; leather leg quards. The word is used loosely
and often in a jocose sense.
Gallimatia
Gal`li*ma"ti*a (? OR ?), n. Senseless talk. [Obs. or R.] See
Galimatias.
Gallimaufry
Gal`li*mau"fry (?), n.; pl. Gallimaufries (#). [F. galimafr\'82e a
sort of ragout or mixed hash of different meats.]
1. A hash of various kinds of meats, a ragout.
Delighting in hodge-podge, gallimaufries, forced meat. King.
2. Any absurd medley; a hotchpotch.
The Mahometan religion, which, being a gallimaufry made up of many,
partakes much of the Jewish. South.
Gallin
Gal"lin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance obtained by the reduction of
galle\'8bn.
Gallinaceae
Gal"li*nace*ae (?), n. pl. [NL. See Gallinaceous.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Gallinae.
Gallinacean
Gal`li*na"cean (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Gallinae or gallinaceous
birds.
Gallinaceous
Gal`li*na"ceous (?), a.[L. gallinaceus, fr. gallina hen, fr. gallus
cock.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling the domestic fowls and pheasants; of or
pertaining to the Gallinae.
Gallinae
Gal*li"nae (?), n.; pl. [NL., fr. L. gallina a hen, gallus a cock.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of birds, including the common domestic fowls,
pheasants, grouse, quails, and allied forms; -- sometimes called
Rasores.
Galling
Gall"ing (?), a. Fitted to gall or chafe; vexing; harassing;
irritating. -- Gall"ing*ly, adv.
Gallinipper
Gal"li*nip`per (?), n. A large mosquito.
Gallinule
Gal"li*nule (?), n. [L. gallinula chicken, dim. of gallina hen: cf. F.
gallinule.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several wading birds, having long,
webless toes, and a frontal shield, belonging to the family Rallidae.
They are remarkable for running rapidly over marshes and on floating
plants. The purple gallinule of America is Ionornis Martinica, that of
the Old World is Porphyrio porphyrio. The common European gallinule
(Gallinula chloropus) is also called moor hen, water hen, water rail,
moor coot, night bird, and erroneously dabchick. Closely related to it
is the Florida gallinule (Gallinula galeata).
NOTE: &hand; Th e pu rple gallinule of Southern Europe and Asia was
formerly believed to be able to detect and report adultery, and for
that reason, chiefly, it was commonly domesticated by the ancients.
Galliot
Gal"li*ot (?), n. See Galiot.
Gallipoli oil
Gal*lip"o*li oil` (?). An inferior kind of olive oil, brought from
Gallipoli, in Italy.
Gallipot
Gal"li*pot (?), n. [Prob. fr. OD. gleypot, the first part of which is
possibly akin to E. glad. See Glad, and Pot.] A glazed earthen pot or
vessel, used by druggists and apothecaries for containing medicines,
etc.
Gallium
Gal"li*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Gallia France.] (Chem.) A rare metallic
element, found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable,
resembling aluminium, and remarcable for its low melting point (86
NOTE: &hand; The element was predicted with most of its properties,
under the name ekaluminium, by the Russian chemist Mendelejeff, on
the basis of the Periodic law. This prediction was verified in its
discovery by the French chemist Lecoq de Boisbaudran by its
characteristic spectrum (two violet lines), in an examination of a
zinc blende from the Pyrenees.
Gallivant
Gal"li*vant (?), v. i. [From Gallant.] To play the beau; to wait upon
the ladies; also, to roam about for pleasure without any definite
plan. [Slang] Dickens.
Gallivat
Gal"li*vat (?), n.[Prob. fr. Pg. galeota; cf. E. galiot, galley.]
(Naut.) A small armed vessel, with sails and oars, -- used on the
Malabar coast. A. Chalmers.
Galliwasp
Gal"li*wasp` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A West Indian
lizard (Celestus occiduus), about a foot long, imagined by the natives
to be venomous.
Gallnut
Gall"nut` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A round gall produced on the leaves and
shoots of various species of the oak tree. See Gall, and Nutgall.
Gallomania
Gal`lo*ma"ni*a (?), n. [L. Galli Gauls + mania madness.] An excessive
admiration of what is French. -- Gal`lo*ma"ni*ac (#), n.
Gallon
Gal"lon (?), n. [OF galon, jalon, LL. galo, galona, fr. galum a liquid
measure; cf. F. jale large bowl. Cf. Gill a measure.] A measure of
capacity, containing four quarts; -- used, for the most part, in
liquid measure, but sometimes in dry measure.
NOTE: &hand; Th e standart gallon of the Unites States contains 231
cubic inches, or 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at
its maximum density, and with the barometer at 30 inches. This is
almost exactly equivalent to a cylinder of seven inches in diameter
and six inches in height, and is the same as the old English wine
gallon. The beer gallon, now little used in the United States,
contains 282 cubic inches. The English imperial gallon contains 10
pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at 62
Galloon
Gal*loon" (?), n. [From F. or Sp. galon. See Gala. ]
1. A narrow tapelike fabric used for binding hats, shoes, etc., --
sometimes made ornamental.
2. A similar bordering or binding of rich material, such as gold
lace.
Silver and gold galloons, with the like glittering gewgaws.
Addison.
Gallooned
Gal*looned` (?), a. Furnished or adorned with galloon.
Gallop
Gal"lop (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Galloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Galloping.] [OE. galopen, F. galoper, of German origin; cf. assumed
Goth. ga-hlaupan to run, OHG. giloufen, AS. gehle\'a0pan to leap,
dance, fr. root of E. leap, and a prefix; or cf. OFlem. walop a
gallop. See Leap, and cf. 1st Wallop.]
1. To move or run in the mode called a gallop; as a horse; to go at
a gallop; to run or move with speed.
But gallop lively down the western hill. Donne.
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Page 610
2. To ride a horse at a gallop.
3. Fig.: To go rapidly or carelessly, as in making a hasty
examination.
Such superficial ideas he may collect in galloping over it. Locke.
Gallop
Gal"lop (?), v. t. To cause to gallop.
Gallop
Gal"lop, n. [Cf. F. galop. See Gallop, v. i., and cf. Galop.] A mode
of running by a quadruped, particularly by a horse, by lifting
alternately the fore feet and the hind feet, in successive leaps or
bounds. Hand gallop, a slow or gentle gallop.
Gallopade
Gal"lo*pade` (?), n. [F. galopade. See Gallop, n.]
1. I horsemanship, a sidelong or curveting kind of gallop.
2. A kind of dance; also, music to the dance; a galop.
Gallopade
Gal`lo*pade" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gallopaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Gallopading.]
1. To gallop, as on horseback.
2. To perform the dance called gallopade.
Galloper
Gal"lop*er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, gallops.
2.
(Mil.) A carriage on which very small guns were formerly mounted, the
gun resting on the shafts, without a limber. Farrow. Galloper gun
, a light gun, supported on a galloper, -- formerly attached to
British infantry regiments.
Gallopin
Gal"lo*pin (?), n.[F. galopin. See Gallop, v. i.] An under servant for
the kitchen; a scullion; a cook's errand boy. [Obs.] Halliwell.
Galloping
Gal"lop*ing (?), a. Going at a gallop; progressing rapidly; as, a
galloping horse.
Gallotannic
Gal`lo*tan"nic (?), a. [Gall nutgall + tannic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to
the tannin or nutgalls. Gallotannic acid. See Tannic acid, under
Tannic.
Gallow
Gal"low (?), v. t. [Cf. AS. \'begelwan to stupefy.] To fright or
terrify. See Gally, v. t. [Obs.] Shak.
Galloway
Gal"lo*way (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small horse of a breed raised at
Galloway, Scotland; -- called also garran, and garron.
Gallowglass
Gal"low*glass` (?), n. [Ir. galloglach. Cf. Gillie.] A heavy-armed
foot soldier from Ireland and the Western Isles in the time of Edward
Shak.
Gallows
Gal"lows (?), n. sing.; pl. Gallowses (#) OR Gallows. [OE. galwes,
pl., AS. galga, gealga, gallows, cross; akin to D. galg gallows, OS. &
OHG. galgo, G. galgen, Icel. g\'belgi, Sw. & Dan. galge, Goth. galga a
cross. Etymologically and historically considered, gallows is a noun
in the plural number, but it is used as a singular, and hence is
preceded by a; as, a gallows.]
1. A frame from which is suspended the rope with which criminals are
executed by hanging, usually consisting of two upright posts and a
crossbeam on the top; also, a like frame for suspending anything.
So they hanged Haman on the gallows. Esther vii. 10.
If I hang, I'll make a fat pair of gallows. Shak.
O, there were desolation of gaolers and gallowses Shak.
2. A wretch who deserves the gallows. [R.] Shak.
3. (Print.) The rest for the tympan when raised.
4. pl. A pair of suspenders or braces. [Colloq.]
Gallows bird, a person who deserves the gallows. [Colloq.] -- Gallows
bitts (Naut.), one of two or more frames amidships on deck for
supporting spare spars; -- called also gallows, gallows top, gallows
frame, etc. -- Gallows frame. (a) The frame supporting the beam of an
engine. (b) (Naut.) Gallows bitts. -- Gallows, OR Gallow tree, the
gallows.
At length him nail\'82d on a gallow tree. Spenser.
Gallstone
Gall"stone` (?), n. A concretion, or calculus, formed in the gall
bladder or biliary passages. See Calculus, n., 1.
Gally
Gal"ly (?), v. t. [See Gallow, v. t.] To frighten; to worry. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] T. Brown.
Gally
Gall"y (?), a. Like gall; bitter as gall. Cranmer.
Gally
Gal"ly (?), n. See Galley, n., 4.
Gallygaskins
Gal`ly*gas"kins, n. pl. See Galligaskins.
Galoche, Galoshe
Ga*loche", Ga*loshe" (, [OE. galoche, galache, galage, shoe, F.
galoche galoche, perh. altered fr. L. gallica a Gallic shoe, or fr.
LL. calopedia wooden shoe, or shoe with a wooden sole, Gr.
1. A clog or patten. [Obs.]
Nor were worthy [to] unbuckle his galoche. Chaucer.
2. Hence: An overshoe worn in wet weather.
3. A gaiter, or legging, covering the upper part of the shoe and part
of the leg.
Galoot
Ga*loot" (?), n. A noisy, swaggering, or worthless fellow; a rowdy.
[Slang, U. S.]
Galop
Gal"op (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A kind of lively dance, in 2-4 time; also,
the music to the dance.
Galore
Ga*lore" (?), n. & a. [Scot. gelore, gilore, galore, fr. Gael. gu
le\'95r, enough; gu- to, also an adverbial prefix + le\'95r, le\'95ir,
enough; or fr. Ir. goleor, the same word.] Plenty; abundance; in
abundance.
Galoshe
Ga*loshe" (?), n. Same as Galoche.
Galpe
Galpe (?), v. i. To gape,; to yawn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Galsome
Gal"some (?), a. [Gall bitterness + some.] Angry; malignant. [Obs.]
Bp. Morton.
Galt
Galt (?), n [See Gault.] Same as Gault.
Galvanic
Gal*van"ic (?), a. [From Galvani, a professor of physiology at
Bologna, on account of his connection (about 1780) with the discovery
of dynamical or current electricity: cf. F. galvanique.] Of or
pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, galvanism; employing or
producing electrical currents. Galvanic battery (Elec.), an apparatus
for generating electrical currents by the mutual action of certain
liquids and metals; -- now usually called voltaic battery. See
Battery. -- Galvanic circuit OR circle. (Elec.) See under Circuit. --
Galvanic pile (Elec.), the voltaic pile. See under Voltaic.
Galvanism
Gal"va*nism (?), n [From Galvani: cf. F. galvanisme. See Galvanic.]
(Physics) (a) Electricity excited by the mutual action of certain
liquids and metals; dynamical electricity. (b) The branch of physical
science which treats of dynamical elecricity, or the properties and
effects of electrical currents.
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rds ga lvanism an d galvanic, formerly in very
general use, are now rarely employed. For the latter, voltaic, from
the name of Volta, is commonly used.
Galvanist
Gal"va*nist (?), n. One versed in galvanism.
Galvanization
Gal"va*niza`tion (?), n. The act of process of galvanizing.
Galvanize
Gal"va*nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Galvanized (?); p pr. & vb. n.
Galvanizing (?).] [Cf. F. galvaniser.]
1. To affect with galvanism; to subject to the action of electrical
currents.
2. To plate, as with gold, silver, etc., by means of electricity.
3. To restore to consciousness by galvanic action (as from a state of
suspended animation); hence, to stimulate or excite to a factitious
animation or activity.
4. To coat, as iron, with zinc. See Galvanized iron.
Galvanized iron, formerly, iron coated with zink by electrical
deposition; now more commonly, iron coated with zink by plunging into
a bath of melted zink, after its surface has been cleaned by friction
with the aid of dilute acid.
Galvanizer
Gal"va*ni`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, galvanize.
Galvanocaustic
Gal*van`o*caus"tic (?), a. [Galvanic + caustic.] Relating to the use
of galvanic heat as a caustic, especially in medicine.
Galvanocautery
Gal*van`o*cau"ter*y (?), n. (Med.) Cautery effected by a knife or
needle heated by the passage of a galvanic current.
Galvanoglyphy
Gal`va*nog"ly*phy (?), n. [Galvanic + Gr. Same as Glyphography.
Galvanograph
Gal*van"o*graph (?), n. [Galvanic + -graph.] (Engraving) A copperplate
produced by the method of galvanography; also, a picture printed from
such a plate.
Galvanographic
Gal*van`o*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to galvanography.
Galvanography
Gal`va*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Galvanic + -graphy.]
1. The art or process of depositing metals by electricity;
electrotypy.
2. A method of producing by means of electrotyping process (without
etching) copperplates which can be printed from in the same manner as
engraved plates.
Galvanologist
Gal`va*nol"o*gist (?), n. One who describes the phenomena of
galvanism; a writer on galvanism.
Galvanology
Gal`va*nol"o*gy (?) n. [Galvanic + -logy.] A treatise on galvanism, or
a description of its phenomena.
Galvanometer
Gal`va*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Galvanic + -meter: cf. F. galvanom\'8atre.]
(Elec.) An instrument or apparatus for measuring the intensity of an
electric current, usually by the deflection of a magnetic needle.
Differential galvanometer. See under Differental, a. -- Sine
galvanometer, Cosine galvanometer, Tangent galvanometer (Elec.), a
galvanometer in which the sine, cosine, or tangent respectively, of
the angle through which the needle is deflected, is proportional to
the strength of the current passed through the instrument.
Galvanometric
Gal*van`o*met"ric (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or measured by, a
galvanometer.
Galvanometry
Gal`va*nom"e*try (?), n. The art or process of measuring the force of
electric currents.
Galvanoplastic
Gal*van`o*plas"tic (?), a. [Galvanic + -plastic.] Of or pertaining to
the art or process of electrotyping; employing, or produced by, the
process of electolytic deposition; as, a galvano-plastic copy of a
medal or the like.
Galvanoplasty
Gal*van"o*plas`ty (?), n. [Cf. F. galanoplastie.] The art or process
of electrotypy.
Galvanopuncture
Gal*van`o*punc"ture (?), n. (Med.) Same as Electro-puncture.
Galvanoscope
Gal*van`o*scope (?), n. [Galvanic + -scope: cf. F. galvanoscope.]
(Elec.) An instrument or apparatus for detecting the presence of
electrical currents, especially such as are of feeble intensity.
Galvanoscopic
Gal*van`o*scop"ic (?), a Of or pertaining to a galvanoscope.
Galvanoscopy
Gal`va*nos"co*py (?), n (Physiol.) The use of galvanism in
physiological experiments.
Galvanotonus
Gal`va*not"o*nus (?), n. [NL., fr. E. galvanic + GR. (Physiol.) Same
as Electrotonus.
Galvanotropism
Gal`va*not"ro*pism (?), n. [Galvanic + Gr. (Bot.) The tendency of a
root to place its axis in the line of a galvanic current.
Galwes
Gal"wes (?), n. Gallows. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gama grass
Ga"ma grass` (?). [From Gama, a cluster of the Maldive Islands.]
(Bot.) A species of grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) tall, stout, and
exceedingly productive; cultivated in the West Indies, Mexico, and the
Southern States of North America as a forage grass; -- called also
sesame grass.
Gamashes
Ga*mash"es (?), n. pl. [F. gamaches.] High boots or buskins; in
Scotland, short spatterdashes or riding trousers, worn over the other
clothing.
Gamba
Gam"ba (?), n. A viola da gamba.
Gambadoes
Gam*ba"does (?), n. pl. [I. or Sp. gamba leg. See Gambol, n.] Same as
Gamashes.
His thin legs tenanted a pair of gambadoes fastened at the side
with rusty clasps. Sir W. Scott.
Gambeson
Gam"be*son (?), n. Same as Gambison.
Gambet
Gam"bet (?), n. [Fr. gambette, or It. gambetta.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird
of the genuis Totanus. See Tattler.
Gambier
Gam"bier (?), n. [Malayan.] (a) The inspissated juice of a plant
(Uncaria Gambir) growing in Malacca. It is a powerful astringent, and,
under the name of Terra Japonica, is used for chewing with the Areca
nut, and is exported for tanning and dyeing. (b) Catechu. [Written
also gambeer and gambir.]
Gambison
Gam"bi*son (?), n. [OF. gambeson, gambaison, fr. gambais, wambais, of
German origin: cf. MHG. wambeis, G. wams doublet, fr. OHG. wamba,
stomach. See Womb.] A defensive garment formerly in use for the body,
made of cloth stuffed and quilted.
Gambist
Gam"bist (?), n. [It. gamba leg.] (Mus.) A performer upon the viola di
gamba. See under Viola.
Gambit
Gam"bit (?), n. [F. gambit, cf. It. gambitto gambit, a tripping up.
See Gambol, n.] (Chess Playing) A mode of opening the game, in which a
pawn is sacrificed to gain an attacking position. <-- Hence, Fig. any
stratagem; in conversation, a remark, often prepared in advance,
calculated to provoke discussion, amuse, or make a point = a
conversational gambit -->
Gamble
Gam"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gambling
(?).] [Dim. of game. See 2d Game.] To play or game for money or other
stake.
Gamble
Gamble, v. t. To lose or squander by gaming; -- usually with away.
"Bankrupts or sots who have gambled or slept away their estates."
Ames.
Gambler
Gam"bler (?), n. One who gambles.
Gamboge
Gam*boge" (?), n. A concrete juice, or gum resin, produced by several
species of trees in Siam, Ceylon, and Malabar. It is brought in
masses, or cylindrical rolls, from Cambodia, or Cambogia, -- whence
its name. The best kind is of a dense, compact texture, and of a
beatiful reddish yellow. Taking internally, it is a strong and harsh
cathartic ad emetic. [Written also camboge.]
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e se veral ki nds of ga mboge, bu t all are
derived from species of Garcinia, a genus of trees of the order
Guttifer\'91. The best Siam gamboge is thought to come from
Garcinia Hanburii. Ceylon gamboge is from G. Morella. G. pictoria,
of Western India, yields gamboge, and also a kind of oil called
gamboge butter.
Gambogian, Gambogic
Gam*bo"gi*an (?), Gambogic (?), a. Pertaining to, resembling, or
containing, gamboge.
Gambol
Gam"bol (?), n. [OE. gambolde, gambaulde, F. gambade, gambol, fr. It.
gambata kick, fr. L. gamba leg, akin to F. jambe, OF. also, gambe, fr.
L. gamba, hoof or perh. joint: cf. Gr. cam crooked; perh. akin to E.
chamber: cf.F. gambiller to kick about. Cf. Jamb, n., Gammon ham,
Gambadoes.] A skipping or leaping about in frolic; a hop; a sportive
prank. Dryden.
Gambol
Gam"bol v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gamboled (?), or Gambolled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Gamboling or Gambolling.] To dance and skip about in sport; to
frisk; to skip; to play in frolic, like boys or lambs.
Gambrel
Gam"brel (?), n [OF. gambe, jambe leg, F. jambe. Cf. Cambrel,
Chambrel, and see Gambol. n.]
1. The hind leg of a horse.
2. A stick crooked like a horse's hind leg; -- used by butchers in
suspending slaughtered animals.
Gambrel roof (Arch.), a curb roof having the same section in all
parts, with a lower steeper slope and an upper and flatter one, so
that each gable is pentagonal in form.
Gambrel
Gam"brel v. t. To truss or hang up by means of a gambrel. Beau. & Fl.
Gambroon
Gam*broon" (?), n. A kind of twilled linen cloth for lining. Simmonds.
Game
Game (?), a. [Cf. W. cam crooked, and E. gambol, n.] Crooked; lame;
as, a game leg. [Colloq.]
Game
Game, n. [OE. game, gamen, AS. gamen, gomen, play, sport; akin to OS.,
OHG., & Icel. gaman, Dan. gammen mirth, merriment, OSw. gamman joy.
Cf. Gammon a game, Backgammon, Gamble v. i.]
1. Sport of any kind; jest, frolic.
We have had pastimes here, and pleasant game. Shak.
2. A contest, physical or mental, according to certain rules, for
amusement, recreation, or for winning a stake; as, a game of chance;
games of skill; field games, etc.
But war's a game, which, were their subject wise, Kings would not
play at. Cowper.
NOTE: &hand; Am ong the ancients, especially the Greeks and Romans,
there were regularly recurring public exhibitions of strength,
agility, and skill under the patronage of the government, usually
accompanied with religious ceremonies. Such were the Olympic, the
Pythian, the Nemean, and the Isthmian games.
3. The use or practice of such a game; a single match at play; a
single contest; as, a game at cards.
Talk the game o'er between the deal. Lloyd.
4. That which is gained, as the stake in a game; also, the number of
points necessary to be scored in order to win a game; as, in short
whist five points are game.
5. (Card Playing) In some games, a point credited on the score to the
player whose cards counts up the highest.
6. A scheme or art employed in the pursuit of an object or purpose;
method of procedure; projected line of operations; plan; project.
Your murderous game is nearly up. Blackw. Mag.
It was obviously Lord Macaulay's game to blacken the greatest
literary champion of the cause he had set himself to attack.
Saintsbury.
7. Animals pursued and taken by sportsmen; wild meats designed for, or
served at, table.
Those species of animals . . . distinguished from the rest by the
well-known appellation of game. Blackstone.
Confidence game. See under Confidence. -- To make game of, to make
sport of; to mock. Milton.
Game
Game, a.
1. Having a resolute, unyielding spirit, like the gamecock; ready to
fight to the last; plucky.
I was game . . . .I felt that I could have fought even to the
death. W. Irving.
2. Of or pertaining to such animals as are hunted for game, or to the
act or practice of hunting.
Game bag, a sportsman's bag for carrying small game captured; also,
the whole quantity of game taken. -- Game bird, any bird commonly shot
for food, esp. grouse, partridges, quails, pheasants, wild turkeys,
and the shore or wading birds, such as plovers, snipe, woodcock,
curlew, and sandpipers. The term is sometimes arbitrarily restricted
to birds hunted by sportsmen, with dogs and guns. -- Game egg, an egg
producing a gamecock. -- Game laws, laws regulating the seasons and
manner of taking game for food or for sport. -- Game preserver, a land
owner who regulates the killing of game on his estate with a view to
its increase. [Eng.] -- To be game. (a) To show a brave, unyielding
spirit. (b) To be victor in a game. [Colloq.] -- To die game, to
maintain a bold, unyielding spirit to the last; to die fighting.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 611
Game
Game (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gaming.] [OE.
gamen, game, to rejoice, AS. gamenian to play. See Game, n.]
1. To rejoice; to be pleased; -- often used, in Old English,
impersonally with dative. [Obs.]
God loved he best with all his whole hearte At alle times, though
him gamed or smarte. Chaucer.
2. To play at any sport or diversion.
3. To play for a stake or prize; to use cards, dice, billiards, or
other instruments, according to certain rules, with a view to win
money or other thing waged upon the issue of the contest; to gamble.
<-- sic!? -->
Gamecock
Game"cock` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The male game fowl.
Game fowl
Game" fowl` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A handsome breed of the common fowl,
remarkable for the great courage and pugnacity of the males.
Gameful
Game"ful (?), a. Full of game or games.
Gamekeeper
Game"keep`er (?), n. One who has the care of game, especially in a
park or preserve. Blackstone.
Gameless
Game"less, a. Destitute of game.
Gamely
Game"ly, adv. In a plucky manner; spiritedly.
Gameness
Game"ness, n. Endurance; pluck.
Gamesome
Game"some (?), a. Gay; sportive; playful; frolicsome; merry. Shak.
Gladness of the gamesome crowd. Byron.
-- Game"some*ly, adv. -- Game"some*ness, n.
Gamester
Game"ster (?), n. [Game + -ster.]
1. A merry, frolicsome person. [Obs.] Shak.
2. A person who plays at games; esp., one accustomed to play for a
stake; a gambler; one skilled in games.
When lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentlest gamester
is the soonest winner. Shak.
3. A prostitute; a strumpet. [Obs.] Shak.
Gamic
Gam"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Pertaining to, or resulting from, sexual
connection; formed by the union of the male and female elements.
Gamin
Gam"in (?), n. [F.] A neglected and untrained city boy; a young street
Arab.
In Japan, the gamins run after you, and say, 'Look at the
Chinaman.' L. Oliphant.
Gaming
Gam"ing (?), n. The act or practice of playing games for stakes or
wagers; gambling.
Gamma
Gam"ma (?), n. The third letter (G) of the Greek alphabet.
Gammadion
Gam*ma"di*on (?), n. A cross formed of four capital gammas, formerly
used as a mysterious ornament on ecclesiastical vestments, etc. See
Fylfot.
Gammer
Gam"mer (?), n. [Possibly contr. fr. godmother; but prob. fr. grammer
for grandmother. Cf. Gaffer.] An old wife; an old woman; --
correlative of gaffer, an old man.
Gammon
Gam"mon (?), n. [OF. gambon, F. jambon, fr. OF. gambe leg, F. jambe.
See Gambol, n., and cf. Ham.] The buttock or tight of a hog, salted
and smoked or dried; the lower end of a flitch. Goldsmith.
Gammon
Gam"mon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gameed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gameing.] To
make bacon of; to salt and dry in smoke.
Gammon
Gam"mon, n. [See 2d Game.]
1. Backgammon.
2. An imposition or hoax; humbug. [Colloq.]
Gammon
Gam"mon, v. t.
1. To beat in the game of backgammon, before an antagonist has been
able to get his "men" or counters home and withdraw any of them from
the board; as, to gammon a person.
2. To impose on; to hoax; to cajole. [Colloq.] Hood.
Gammon
Gam"mon, v. t. [Etymol. unknown.] (Naut.) To fasten (a bowsprit) to
the stem of a vessel by lashings of rope or chain, or by a band of
iron. Totten.
Gammoning
Gam"mon*ing, n. [From 5th Gammon.] (Naut.) The lashing or iron band by
which the bowsprit of a vessel is secured to the stem to opposite the
lifting action of the forestays. Gammoning fashion, in the style of
gammoning lashing, that is, having the turns of rope crossed. --
Gammoning hole (Naut.), a hole cut through the knee of the head of a
vessel for the purpose of gammoning the bowsprit.
Gammoning
Gam"mon*ing, n. [From 4th Gammon.] The act of imposing upon or hoaxing
a person. [Colloq.]
Gamogenesis
Gam`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Gr. genesis.] (Biol.) The production of
offspring by the union of parents of different sexes; sexual
reproduction; -- the opposite of agamogenesis.
Gamogenetic
Gam`o*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to gamogenesis. --
Gam`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
Gamomorphism
Gam`o*mor"phism (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) That stage of growth or
development in an organism, in which the reproductive elements are
generated and matured in preparation for propagating the species.
Gamopetalous
Gam`o*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr. petalous: cf. F. gamop\'82tale.] (Bot.)
Having the petals united or joined so as to form a tube or cup;
monopetalous.
Gamophyllous
Ga*moph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Composed of leaves united by their
edges (coalescent). Gray.
Gamosepalous
Gam`o*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Gr. sepal.] (Bot.) Formed of united sepals;
monosepalous.
Gamut
Gam"ut (?), n. [F. gamme + ut the name of a musical note. F. gamme is
fr. the name of the Greek letter Gamma, and Ut.] (Mus.) The scale.
Gamy
Gam"y (?), a.
1. (Cookery) Having the flavor of game, esp. of game kept uncooked
till near the condition of tainting; high-flavored.
2. (Sporting) Showing an unyielding spirit to the last; plucky;
furnishing sport; as, a gamy trout. <-- NOTE irregular format for pos
### -->
Gan
Gan (?), imp. &of; Gin. [See Gin, v.] Began; commenced.
NOTE: &hand; Ga n wa s fo rmerly us ed wi th the infinitive to form
compound imperfects, as did is now employed. Gan regularly denotes
the singular; the plural is usually denoted by gunne or gonne.
This man gan fall (i.e., fell) in great suspicion. Chaucer.
The little coines to their play gunne hie (i.e., hied). Chaucer.
NOTE: Later writers use gan both for singular and plural.
Yet at her speech their rages gan relent. Spenser.
Ganch
Ganch (?), v. t. [Cf. F. ganche, n., also Sp. & Pg. gancho hook, It.
gancio.] To drop from a high place upon sharp stakes or hooks, as the
Turks dropped malefactors, by way of punishment.
Ganching, which is to let fall from on high upon hooks, and there
to hang until they die. Sandys.
Gander
Gan"der (?), n. [AS. gandra, ganra, akin to Prov. G. gander, ganter,
and E. goose, gannet. See Goose.] The male of any species of goose.
Gane
Gane (?), v. i. [See Yawn.] To yawn; to gape. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ganesa
Ga*ne"sa (?), n. (Hind. Myth.) The Hindoo god of wisdom or prudence.
NOTE: &hand; He is re presented as a short, fat, red-colored man,
with a large belly and the head of an elephant.
Balfour.
Gang
Gang (?), v. i. [AS. gangan, akin to OS. & OHG. gangan, Icel. ganga,
Goth. gaggan; cf. Lith. to walk, Skr. ja leg. &root;48. CF. Go.] To
go; to walk.
NOTE: &hand; Ob solete in English literature, but still used in the
North of England, and also in Scotland.
Gang
Gang, n. [Icel. gangr a going, gang, akin to AS., D., G., & Dan. gang
a going, Goth. gaggs street, way. See Gang, v. i.]
1. A going; a course. [Obs.]
2. A number going in company; hence, a company, or a number of persons
associated for a particular purpose; a group of laborers under one
foreman; a squad; as, a gang of sailors; a chain gang; a gang of
thieves.
3. A combination of similar implements arranged so as, by acting
together, to save time or labor; a set; as, a gang of saws, or of
plows.
4. (Naut.) A set; all required for an outfit; as, a new gang of stays.
5. [Cf. Gangue.] (Mining) The mineral substance which incloses a vein;
a matrix; a gangue.
Gang board, OR Gang plank. (Naut.) (a) A board or plank, with cleats
for steps, forming a bridge by which to enter or leave a vessel. (b) A
plank within or without the bulwarks of a vessel's waist, for the
sentinel to walk on. -- Gang cask, a small cask in which to bring
water aboard ships or in which it is kept on deck. -- Gang cultivator,
Gang plow, a cultivator or plow in which several shares are attached
to one frame, so as to make two or more furrows at the same time. --
Gang days, Rogation days; the time of perambulating parishes. See Gang
week (below). -- Gang drill, a drilling machine having a number of
drills driven from a common shaft. -- Gang master, a master or
employer of a gang of workmen. -- Gang plank. See Gang board (above).
-- Gang plow. See Gang cultivator (above). -- Gang press, a press for
operating upon a pile or row of objects separated by intervening
plates. -- Gang saw, a saw fitted to be one of a combination or gang
of saws hung together in a frame or sash, and set at fixed distances
apart. -- Gang tide. See Gang week (below). -- Gang tooth, a
projecting tooth. [Obs.] Halliwell. -- Gang week, Rogation week, when
formerly processions were made to survey the bounds of parishes.
Halliwell. -- Live gang, OR Round gang, the Western and the Eastern
names, respectively, for a gang of saws for cutting the round log into
boards at one operation. Knight. -- Slabbing gang, an arrangement of
saws which cuts slabs from two sides of a log, leaving the middle part
as a thick beam.
Ganger
Gang"er (?), n. One who oversees a gang of workmen. [R.] Mayhew.
Gangetic
Gan*get"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or inhabiting, the Ganges; as, the
Gangetic shark.
Gang-flower
Gang"-flow`er (?), n. (Bot.) The common English milkwort (Polygala
vulgaris), so called from blossoming in gang week. Dr. Prior.
Gangion
Gan"gion (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A short line attached to a
trawl. See Trawl, n.
Gangliac, Ganglial
Gan"gli*ac (?), Gan"gli*al (?), a. (Anat.) Relating to a ganglion;
ganglionic.
Gangliate, Gangliated
Gan"gli*ate (?), Gan"gli*a`ted (?), a. (Anat.) Furnished with ganglia;
as, the gangliated cords of the sympathetic nervous system.
Gangliform, Ganglioform
Gan"gli*form` (?), Gan"gli*o*form` (?), a. [Ganglion + -form.] (Anat.)
Having the form of a ganglion.
Ganglion
Gan"gli*on (?), n.; pl. L. Ganglia (#), E. Ganglions (#). [L. ganglion
a sort of swelling or excrescence, a tumor under the skin, Gr.
ganglion.]
1. (Anat.) (a) A mass or knot of nervous matter, including nerve
cells, usually forming an enlargement in the course of a nerve. (b) A
node, or gland in the lymphatic system; as, a lymphatic ganglion.
2. (Med.) A globular, hard, indolent tumor, situated somewhere on a
tendon, and commonly formed by the effusion of a viscid fluid into it;
-- called also weeping sinew.
Ganglion cell, a nerve cell. See Illust. under Bipolar.
Ganglionary
Gan"gli*on*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. ganglionnarie.] (Anat.) Ganglionic.
Ganglionic
Gan`gli*on"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. ganglionique.] (Anat.) Pertaining to,
containing, or consisting of, ganglia or ganglion cells; as, a
ganglionic artery; the ganglionic columns of the spinal cord.
Gangrel
Gan"grel (?), a. [Cf. Gang, v. i.] Wandering; vagrant. [Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.
Gangrenate
Gan"gre*nate (?), v. t. To gangrene. [Obs.]
Gangrene
Gan"grene (?), n. [F. gangr\'8ane, L. gangraena, fr. Gr. gras, gar, to
devour, and E. voracious, also canker, n., in sense 3.] (Med.) A term
formerly restricted to mortification of the soft tissues which has not
advanced so far as to produce complete loss of vitality; but now
applied to mortification of the soft parts in any stage.
Gangrene
Gan"grene, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Gangrened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gangrening.] [Cf. F. gangr\'82ner.] To produce gangrene in; to be
affected with gangrene.
Gangrenescent
Gan`gre*nes"cent (?), a. Tending to mortification or gangrene.
Gangrenous
Gan"gre*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. gangr\'82neux.] Affected by, or produced
by, gangrene; of the nature of gangrene.
Gangue
Gangue (?), n. [F. gangue, fr. G. gang a metallic vein, a passage. See
Gang, n.] (Mining) The mineral or earthy substance associated with
metallic ore.
Gangway
Gang"way` (?), n. [See Gang, v. i.]
1. A passage or way into or out of any inclosed place; esp., a
temporary way of access formed of planks.
2. In the English House of Commons, a narrow aisle across the house,
below which sit those who do not vote steadly either with the
government or with the opposition.
3. (Naut.) The opening through the bulwarks of a vessel by which
persons enter or leave it.
4. (Naut.) That part of the spar deck of a vessel on each side of the
booms, from the quarter-deck to the forecastle; -- more properly
termed the waist. Totten.
Gangway ladder, a ladder rigged on the side of a vessel at the
gangway. -- To bring to the gangway, to punish (a seaman) by flogging
him at the gangway.
Ganil
Gan"il (?), n. [F.] A kind of brittle limestone. [Prov. Eng.] Kirwan.
Ganister, Gannister
Gan"is*ter (?), Gan"nis*ter, n. (Mech.) A refractory material
consisting of crushed or ground siliceous stone, mixed with fire clay;
-- used for lining Bessemer converters; also used for macadamizing
roads.
Ganja
Gan"ja (?), n. [Hind. g\'benjh\'be.] The dried hemp plant, used in
India for smoking. It is extremely narcotic and intoxicating.<--
marijuana, hashish -->
Gannet
Gan"net (?), n. [OE. gant, AS. ganet, ganot, a sea fowl, a fen duck;
akin to D. gent gander, OHG. ganazzo. See Gander, Goose.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of several species of sea birds of the genus Sula, allied to the
pelicans.
NOTE: &hand; Th e common gannet of Europe and America (S. bassana),
is also called solan goose, chandel goose, and gentleman. In
Florida the wood ibis is commonly called gannet.
Booby gannet. See Sula.
Ganocephala
Gan`o*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A group of fossil
amphibians allied to the labyrinthodonts, having the head defended by
bony, sculptured plates, as in some ganoid fishes.
Ganocephalous
Gan`o*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the
Ganocephala.
Ganoid
Ga"noid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to Ganoidei.
-- n. One of the Ganoidei. Ganoid scale (Zo\'94l.), one kind of scales
of the ganoid fishes, composed of an inner layer of bone, and an outer
layer of shining enamel. They are often so arranged as to form a coat
of mail.
Ganoidal
Ga*noid"al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Ganoid.
Ganoidei
Ga*noi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Ganoid.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
subclasses of fishes. They have an arterial cone and bulb, spiral
intestinal valve, and the optic nerves united by a chiasma. Many of
the species are covered with bony plates, or with ganoid scales;
others have cycloid scales.
NOTE: &hand; They were numerous, and some of them of large size, in
early geological periods; but they are represented by comparatively
few living species, most of which inhabit fresh waters, as the
bowfin, gar pike, bichir, Ceratodus, paddle fish, and sturgeon.
Ganoidian
Ga*noid"i*an (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Ganoid.
Ganoine
Ga"no*ine (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar bony tissue beneath the enamel
of a ganoid scale.
Gansa
Gan"sa (?), n. Same as Ganza. Bp. Hall.
Gantlet
Gant"let (?), n. [Gantlet is corrupted fr. gantlope; gantlope is for
gatelope, Sw. gatlopp, orig., a running down a lane; gata street, lane
+ lopp course, career, akin to l\'94pa to run. See Gate a way, and
Leap.] A military punishment formerly in use, wherein the offender was
made to run between two files of men facing one another, who struck
him as he passed. To run the gantlet, to suffer the punishment of the
gantlet; hence, to go through the ordeal of severe criticism or
controversy, or ill-treatment at many hands.
Winthrop ran the gantlet of daily slights. Palfrey.
NOTE: &hand; Written also, but less properly, gauntlet.
Gantlet
Gant"let, n. A glove. See Gauntlet.
Gantline
Gant"line` (?), n. A line rigged to a mast; -- used in hoisting
rigging; a girtline.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 612
Gantlope
Gant"lope` (?), n. See Gantlet. [Obs.]
Gantry
Gan"try (?), n. See Gauntree.
Ganza
Gan"za (?), n. [Sp. gansa, ganso, goose; of Gothic origin. See Gannet,
Goose.] A kind of wild goose, by a flock of which a virtuoso was
fabled to be carried to the lunar world. [Also gansa.] Johnson.
Gaol
Gaol (?), n. [See Jail.] A place of confinement, especially for minor
offenses or provisional imprisonment; a jail. [Preferably, and in the
United States usually, written jail.] Commission of general gaol
delivery, an authority conferred upon judges and others included in
it, for trying and delivering every prisoner in jail when the judges,
upon their circuit, arrive at the place for holding court, and for
discharging any whom the grand jury fail to indict. [Eng.] -- Gaol
delivery. (Law) See Jail delivery, under Jail.
Gaoler
Gaol"er (?), n. The keeper of a jail. See Jailer.
Gap
Gap (?), n. [OE. gap; cf. Icel. gap an empty space, Sw. gap mouth,
breach, abyss, Dan. gab mouth, opening, AS. geap expanse; as adj.,
wide, spacious. See Gape.] An opening in anything made by breaking or
parting; as, a gap in a fence; an opening for a passage or entrance;
an opening which implies a breach or defect; a vacant space or time; a
hiatus; a mountain pass.
Miseries ensued by the opening of that gap. Knolles.
It would make a great gap in your own honor. Shak.
Gap lathe (Mach.), a turning lathe with a deep notch in the bed to
admit of turning a short object of large diameter. -- To stand in the
gap, to expose one's self for the protection of something; to make
defense against any assailing danger; to take the place of a fallen
defender or supporter. -- To stop a gap, to secure a weak point; to
repair a defect.
Gap
Gap, v. t.
1. To notch, as a sword or knife.
2. To make an opening in; to breach.
Their masses are gapp'd with our grape. Tennyson.
Gape
Gape (?; in Eng, commonly ?; 277), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gaped (? or ?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Gaping] [OE. gapen, AS. geapan to open; akin to D.
gapen to gape, G. gaffen, Icel. & Sw. gapa, Dan. gabe; cf. Skr. jabh
to snap at, open the mouth. Cf. Gaby, Gap.]
1. To open the mouth wide; as: (a) Expressing a desire for food; as,
young birds gape. Dryden.(b) Indicating sleepiness or indifference; to
yawn.
She stretches, gapes, unglues her eyes, And asks if it be time to
rise. Swift.
(c) Showing self-forgetfulness in surprise, astonishment, expectation,
etc.
With gaping wonderment had stared aghast. Byron.
(d) Manifesting a desire to injure, devour, or overcome.
They have gaped upon me with their mouth. Job xvi. 10.
2. To pen or part widely; to exhibit a gap, fissure, or hiatus.
May that ground gape and swallow me alive! Shak.
3. To long, wait eagerly, or cry aloud for something; -- with for,
after, or at.
The hungry grave for her due tribute gapes. Denham.
Syn. -- To gaze; stare; yawn. See Gaze.
Gape
Gape, n.
1. The act of gaping; a yawn. Addison.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The width of the mouth when opened, as of birds, fishes,
etc.
The gapes
The gapes. (a) A fit of yawning. (b) A disease of young poultry and
other birds, attended with much gaping. It is caused by a parasitic
nematode worm (Syngamus trachealis), in the windpipe, which obstructs
the breathing. See Gapeworm.
Gaper
Gap"er (?), n.
1. One who gapes.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fish. See 4th Comber. (b) A large edible
clam (Schizoth\'91rus Nuttalli), of the Pacific coast; -- called also
gaper clam. (c) An East Indian bird of the genus Cymbirhynchus,
related to the broadbills.
Gapeseed
Gape"seed` (?), n. Any strange sight. Wright.
Gapesing
Gapes"ing (? OR ?), n. Act of gazing about; sightseeing. [Prov. Eng.]
Gapeworm
Gape"worm` (? OR ?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The parasitic worm that causes the
gapes in birds. See Illustration in Appendix.
Gapingstock
Gap"ing*stock` (? OR ?), n. One who is an object of open-mouthed
wonder.
I was to be a gapingstock and a scorn to the young volunteers.
Godwin.
Gap-toothed
Gap"-toothed` (?), a. Having interstices between the teeth. Dryden.
Gar
Gar (?), n. [Prob. AS. g\'ber dart, spear, lance. The name is applied
to the fish on account of its long and slender body and pointed head.
Cf. Goad, Gore, v.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any slender marine fish of the
genera Belone and Tylosurus. See Garfish. (b) The gar pike. See
Alligator gar (under Alligator), and Gar pike. Gar pike, OR Garpike
(Zo\'94l.), a large, elongated ganoid fish of the genus Lepidosteus,
of several species, inhabiting the lakes and rivers of temperate and
tropical America.
Gar
Gar, v. t. [Of Scand. origin. See Gear, n.] To cause; to make. [Obs.
or Scot.] Spenser.
Garancin
Gar"an*cin (?; 104), n. [F. garance madder, LL. garantia.] (Chem.) An
extract of madder by sulphuric acid. It consists essentially of
alizarin.
Garb
Garb (?), n. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG.
garaw\'c6, garw\'c6, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n.]
1. (a) Clothing in general. (b) The whole dress or suit of clothes
worn by any person, especially when indicating rank or office; as, the
garb of a clergyman or a judge. (c) Costume; fashion; as, the garb of
a gentleman in the 16th century.
2. External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character;
looks; fashion or manner, as of speech.
You thought, because he could not speak English in the native garb,
he could not therefore handle an English cudgel. Shak.
Garb
Garb (?), n. [F. gerbe, OF. also garbe, OHG. garba, G. garbe; cf. Skr.
grbh to seize, E. grab.] (Her.) A sheaf of grain (wheat, unless
otherwise specified).
Garb
Garb, v. t. To clothe; array; deck.
These black dog-Dons Garb themselves bravely. Tennyson.
Garbage
Gar"bage (?; 48), n. [OE. also garbash, perh. orig., that which is
purged or cleansed away; cf. OF. garber to make fine, neat, OHG.
garawan to make ready, prepare, akin to E. garb dress; or perh. for
garbleage, fr. garble; or cf. OF. garbage tax on sheaves, E. garb
sheaf.] Offal, as the bowels of an animal or fish; refuse animal or
vegetable matter from a kitchen; hence, anything worthless,
disgusting, or loathsome. Grainger.
Garbage
Gar"bage, v. t. To strip of the bowels; to clean. "Pilchards . . . are
garbaged." Holland.
Garbed
Garbed (?), a. Dressed; habited; clad.
Garbel
Gar"bel (?), n. (Naut.) Same as Garboard.
Garbel
Gar"bel, n. [Cf. Garble, v. t.] Anything sifted, or from which the
coarse parts have been taken. [Obs.]
Garble
Gar"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Garbling.] [Formerly, to pick out, sort, OF. grabeler, for garbeler to
examine precisely, garble spices, fr. LL. garbellare to sift; cf. Sp.
garbillar to sift, garbillo a coarse sieve, L. cribellum, dim. of
cribrum sieve, akin to cernere to separate, sift (cf. E. Discern); or
perh. rather from Ar. gharb\'bel, gharbil, sieve.]
1. To sift or bolt, to separate the fine or valuable parts of from the
coarse and useless parts, or from dros or dirt; as, to garble spices.
[Obs.]
2. To pick out such parts of as may serve a purpose; to mutilate; to
pervert; as, to garble a quotation; to garble an account.
Garble
Gar"ble, n.
1. Refuse; rubbish. [Obs.] Wolcott.
2. pl. Impurities separated from spices, drugs, etc.; -- also called
garblings.
Garbler
Gar"bler (?), n. One who garbles.
Garboard
Gar"board (?), n. (Naut.) One of the planks next the keel on the
outside, which form a garboard strake. Garboard strake OR streak, the
first range or strake of planks laid on a ship's bottom next the keel.
Totten.
Garboil
Gar"boil (?), n. [OF. garbouil; cf. Sp. garbullo, It. garbuglio; of
uncertain origin; the last part is perh. fr. L. bullire to boil, E.
boil.] Tumult; disturbance; disorder. [Obs.] Shak.
Garcinia
Gar*cin"i*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including the
mangosteen tree (Garcinia Mangostana), found in the islands of the
Indian Archipelago; -- so called in honor of Dr. Garcin.
Gard
Gard (?), n. [See Garde, Yard] Garden. [Obs.] "Trees of the gard." F.
Beaumont.
Gard
Gard, v. & n. See Guard.
Gardant
Gar"dant (?), a. [F. See Guardant.] (Her.) Turning the head towards
the spectator, but not the body; -- said of a lion or other beast.
Garden
Gar"den (?; 277), n. [OE. gardin, OF. gardin, jardin, F. jardin, of
German origin; cf. OHG. garto, G. garten; akin to AS. geard. See Yard
an inclosure.]
1. A piece of ground appropriates to the cultivation of herbs, fruits,
flowers, or vegetables.
2. A rich, well-cultivated spot or tract of country.
I am arrived from fruitful Lombardy, The pleasant garden of great
Italy. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Garden is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
compounds; as, garden flowers, garden tools, garden walk, garden
wall, garden house or gardenhouse.
Garden balsam, an ornamental plant (Impatiens Balsamina). -- Garden
engine, a wheelbarrow tank and pump for watering gardens. -- Garden
glass. (a) A bell glass for covering plants. (b) A globe of
dark-colored glass, mounted on a pedestal, to reflect surrounding
objects; -- much used as an ornament in gardens in Germany. -- Garden
house (a) A summer house. Beau & Fl. (b) A privy. [Southern U.S.] --
Garden husbandry, the raising on a small scale of seeds, fruits,
vegetables, etc., for sale. -- Garden mold OR mould, rich, mellow
earth which is fit for a garden. Mortimer. -- Garden nail, a cast nail
used, for fastening vines to brick walls. Knight. -- Garden net, a net
for covering fruits trees, vines, etc., to protect them from birds. --
Garden party, a social party held out of doors, within the grounds or
garden attached to a private residence. -- Garden plot, a plot
appropriated to a garden. Garden pot, a watering pot. -- Garden pump,
a garden engine; a barrow pump. -- Garden shears, large shears, for
clipping trees and hedges, pruning, etc. -- Garden spider, (Zo\'94l.),
the diadem spider (Epeira diadema), common in gardens, both in Europe
and America. It spins a geometrical web. See Geometric spider, and
Spider web. -- Garden stand, a stand for flower pots. -- Garden stuff,
vegetables raised in a garden. [Colloq.] -- Garden syringe, a syringe
for watering plants, sprinkling them with solutions for destroying
insects, etc. -- Garden truck, vegetables raised for the market.
[Colloq.] -- Garden ware, garden truck. [Obs.] Mortimer. -- Bear
garden, Botanic garden, etc. See under Bear, etc. -- Hanging garden.
See under Hanging. -- Kitchen garden, a garden where vegetables are
cultivated for household use. -- Market garden, a piece of ground
where vegetable are cultivated to be sold in the markets for table
use.
Garden
Gar"den, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gardened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gardening.]
To lay out or cultivate a garden; to labor in a garden; to practice
horticulture.
Garden
Gar"den, v. t. To cultivate as a garden.
Gardener
Gar"den*er (?), n. One who makes and tends a garden; a horticulturist.
Gardenia
Garde"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, some species of
which produce beautiful and fragrant flowers; Cape jasmine; -- so
called in honor of Dr. Alexander Garden.
Gardening
Gar"den*ing (?), n. The art of occupation of laying out and
cultivating gardens; horticulture.
Gardenless
Gar"den*less (?), a. Destitute of a garden. Shelley.
Gardenly
Gar"den*ly (?), a. Like a garden. [R.] W. Marshall.
Gardenship
Gar"den*ship, n. Horticulture. [Obs.]
Gardon
Gar"don (?), n. [F] (Zo\'94l.) A European cyprinoid fish; the id.
Gardyloo
Gar`dy*loo" (?), n. [F. gare l'eau beware of the water.] An old cry in
throwing water, slops, etc., from the windows in Edingburgh. Sir. W.
Scott.
Gare
Gare (?), n. [Cf. Gear.] Coarse wool on the legs of sheep. Blount.
Garefowl
Gare"fowl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The great auk; also, the razorbill. See
Auk. [Written also gairfowl, and gurfel.]
Garfish
Gar"fish` (?), n. [See Gar, n.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European marine fish
(Belone vulgaris); -- called also gar, gerrick, greenback, greenbone,
gorebill, hornfish, longnose, mackerel guide, sea needle, and sea
pike. (b) One of several species of similar fishes of the genus
Tylosurus, of which one species (T. marinus) is common on the Atlantic
coast. T. Caribb\'91us, a very large species, and T. crassus, are more
southern; -- called also needlefish. Many of the common names of the
European garfish are also applied to the American species.
Gargalize
Gar"ga*lize (?), v. t. [Cf. Gargle, Gargarize.] To gargle; to rinse.
[Obs.] Marston.
Garganey
Gar"ga*ney (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small European duck (Anas
querquedula); -- called also cricket teal, and summer teal.
Gargantuan
Gar*gan"tu*an (?; 135), a. [From Gargantua, an allegorical hero of
Rabelais.] Characteristic of Gargantua, a gigantic, wonderful
personage; enormous; prodigious; inordinate.
Gargarism
Gar"ga*rism (?), n. [F. gargarisme, L. gargarisma. See Gargarize.]
(Med.) A gargle.
Gargarize
Gar"ga*rize (?), v. t. [F. gargarizare, fr. Gr. To gargle; to rinse or
wash, as the mouth and throat. [Obs.] Bacon.
Garget
Garget (?), n. [OE. garget, gargate, throat, OF. gargate. Cf. Gorge.
The etymol. of senses 2, 3, & 4 is not certain.]
1. The throat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. A diseased condition of the udders of cows, etc., arising from an
inflammation of the mammary glands.
3. A distemper in hogs, indicated by staggering and loss of appetite.
Youatt.
4. (Bot.) See Poke.
Gargil
Gar"gil (?), n. [Cf. Garget, Gargoyle.] A distemper in geese,
affecting the head.
Gargle
Gar"gle (?), n. (Arch.) See Gargoyle.
Gargle
Gar"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garggled (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Gargling (
[F. gargouiller to dabble, paddle, gargle. Cf. Gargoyle, Gurgle.]
1. To wash or rinse, as the mouth or throat, particular the latter,
agitating the liquid (water or a medicinal preparation) by an
expulsion of air from the lungs.
2. To warble; to sing as if gargling [Obs.] Waller.
Gargle
Gar"gle, n. A liquid, as water or some medicated preparation, used to
cleanse the mouth and throat, especially for a medical effect.
Gargol
Gar"gol (?), n. [Cf. Gargil.] A distemper in swine; garget. Mortimer.
Gargoulette
Gar`gou*lette" (?), n. [F.] A water cooler or jug with a handle and
spout; a gurglet. Mollett.
Gargoyle
Gar"goyle (?), n. [OE. garguilie, gargouille, cf. Sp. g\'a0rgola,
prob. fr. the same source as F. gorge throat, influenced by L.
gargarizare to gargle. See Gorge and cf. Gargle, Gargarize.] (Arch.) A
spout projecting from the roof gutter of a building, often carved
grotesquely. [Written also gargle, gargyle, and gurgoyle.]
Gargyle
Gar"gyle (?), n. (Arch.) See Gargoyle.
Garibaldi
Ga`ri*bal"di (?), n.
1. A jacket worn by women; -- so called from its resemblance in shape
to the red shirt worn by the Italians patriot Garibaldi.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A California market fish (Pomancentrus rubicundus) of a
deep scarlet color.
Garish
Gar"ish (?), a. [Cf. OE. gauren to stare; of uncertain origin. Cf.
gairish.]
1. Showy; dazzling; ostentatious; attracting or exciting attention.
"The garish sun." "A garish flag." Shak. "In . . . garish colors."
Asham. "The garish day." J. H. Newman.
Garish like the laughters of drunkenness. Jer. Taylor.
2. Gay to extravagance; flighty.
It makes the mind loose and garish. South.
-- Gar"ish*ly, adv. -- Garish*ness, n. Jer. Taylor.
Garland
Gar"land (?), n. [OE. garland, gerlond, OF. garlande, F. guirlande; of
uncertain origin; cf. OHG. wiara, wiera, crown, pure gold, MHG. wieren
to adorn.]
1. The crown of a king. [Obs.] Graffon.
2. A wreath of chaplet made of branches, flowers, or feathers, and
sometimes of precious stones, to be worn on the head like a crown; a
coronal; a wreath. Pope.
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3. The top; the thing most prized. Shak.
4. A book of extracts in prose or poetry; an anthology.
They [ballads] began to be collected into little miscellanies under
the name of garlands. Percy.
5. (Naut.) (a) A sort of netted bag used by sailors to keep provision
in. (b) A grommet or ring of rope lashed to a spar for convenience in
handling.
Garland
Gar"land (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garlanded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Garlanding.] To deck with a garland. B. Jonson.
Garlandless
Gar"land*less, a. Destitute of a garland. Shelley.
Garlic
Gar"lic (?), n. [OE. garlek, AS. g\'berle\'a0c; gar spear, lance +
le\'a0c leek. See Gar, n., and Leek.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Allium (A. sativum is the cultivated
variety), having a bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid,
pungent taste. Each root is composed of several lesser bulbs, called
cloves of garlic, inclosed in a common membranous coat, and easily
separable.
2. A kind of jig or farce. [Obs.] Taylor (1630).
Garlic mustard, a European plant of the Mustard family (Alliaria
officinalis) which has a strong smell of garlic. -- Garlic pear tree,
a tree in Jamaica (Crat\'91va gynandra), bearing a fruit which has a
strong scent of garlic, and a burning taste.
Garlicky
Gar"lick*y (?), a. Like or containing garlic.
Garment
Gar"ment (?), n. [OE. garnement, OF. garnement, garniment, fr. garnir
to garnish. See Garnish.] Any article of clothing, as a coat, a gown,
etc.
No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto old garment. Matt. ix. 16.
Garmented
Gar"ment*ed, p. a. Having on a garment; attired; enveloped, as with a
garment. [Poetic]
A lovely lady garmented in light From her own beauty. Shelley.
Garmenture
Gar"men*ture (?), n. Clothing; dress.
Garner
Gar"ner (?), n. [OE. garner, gerner, greiner, OF. gernier, grenier, F.
grenier, fr. L. granarium, fr. granum. See 1st Grain, and cf.
Granary.] A granary; a building or place where grain is stored for
preservation.
Garner
Gar"ner, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garnered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Garnering.]
To gather for preservation; to store, as in a granary; to treasure.
Shak.
Garnet
Gar"net (?), n. [OE. gernet, grenat, OF. grenet,grenat, F. grenat, LL.
granatus, fr. L. granatum pomegranate, granatus having many grains or
seeds, fr. granum grain, seed. So called from its resemblance in color
and shape to the grains or seeds of the pomegranate. See Grain, and
cf. Grenade, Pomegranate.] (Min.) A mineral having many varieties
differing in color and in their constituents, but with the same
crystallization (isometric), and conforming to the same general
chemical formula. The commonest color is red, the luster is vitreous,
and the hardness greater than that of quartz. The dodecahedron and
trapezohedron are the common forms.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere are also white, green, yellow, brown, and black
varieties. The garnet is a silicate, the bases being aluminia lime
(grossularite, essonite, or cinnamon stone), or aluminia magnesia
(pyrope), or aluminia iron (almandine), or aluminia manganese
(spessartite), or iron lime (common garnet, melanite, allochroite),
or chromium lime (ouvarovite, color emerald green). The transparent
red varieties are used as gems. The garnet was, in part, the
carbuncle of the ancients. Garnet is a very common mineral in
gneiss and mica slate.
Garnet berry (Bot.), the red currant; -- so called from its
transparent red color. -- Garnet brown (Chem.), an artificial
dyestuff, produced as an explosive brown crystalline substance with a
green or golden luster. It consists of the potassium salt of a complex
cyanogen derivative of picric acid.
Garnet
Gar"net, n. [Etymol. unknown.] (Naut.) A tackle for hoisting cargo in
our out. Clew garnet. See under Clew.
Garnetiferous
Gar`net*if"er*ous (?), a. [1st garnet + -ferous.] (Min.) Containing
garnets.
Garnierite
Gar"ni*er*ite (?), n. [Named after the French geologist Garnier.]
(Min.) An amorphous mineral of apple-green color; a hydrous silicate
of nickel and magnesia. It is an important ore of nickel.
Garnish
Gar"nish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garnished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Garnishing.] [OE. garnischen, garnissen, OF. garnir to provide,
strengthen, prepare, garnish, warn, F. garnir to provide, furnish,
garnish, -- of German origin; cf. OHG. warn\'d3n to provide, equip;
akin to G. wahren to watch, E. aware, ware, wary, and cf. also E.
warn. See Wary, -ish, and cf. Garment, Garrison.]
1. To decorate with ornamental appendages; to set off; to adorn; to
embellish.
All within with flowers was garnished. Spenser.
2. (Cookery) To ornament, as a dish, with something laid about it; as,
a dish garnished with parsley.
3. To furnish; to supply.
4. To fit with fetters. [Cant] Johnson.
5. (Law) To warn by garnishment; to give notice to; to garnishee. See
Garnishee, v. t. Cowell.
Garnish
Gar"nish, n.
1. Something added for embellishment; decoration; ornament; also,
dress; garments, especially such as are showy or decorated.
So are you, sweet, Even in the lovely garnish of a boy. Shak.
Matter and figure they produce; For garnish this, and that for use.
Prior.
2. (Cookery) Something set round or upon a dish as an embellishment.
See Garnish, v. t., 2. Smart.
3. Fetters. [Cant]
4. A fee; specifically, in English jails, formerly an unauthorized fee
demanded by the old prisoners of a newcomer. [Cant] Fielding.
Garnish bolt (Carp.), a bolt with a chamfered or faceted head. Knight.
Garnishee
Gar`nish*ee" (?), n. (Law) One who is garnished; a person upon whom
garnishment has been served in a suit by a creditor against a debtor,
such person holding property belonging to the debtor, or owing him
money.
NOTE: &hand; Th e or der by wh ich wa rning is ma de is called a
garnishee order.
Garnishee
Gar`nish*ee", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garnisheed (-&emac;d); p. pr. & vb.
n. Garnisheeing.] (Law) (a) To make (a person) a garnishee; to warn by
garnishment; to garnish. (b) To attach (the fund or property sought to
be secured by garnishment); to trustee.
Garnisher
Gar"nish*er (?), n. One who, or that which, garnishes.
Garnishment
Gar"nish*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. garnissement protection, guarantee,
warning.]
1. Ornament; embellishment; decoration. Sir H. Wotton.
2. (Law) (a) Warning, or legal notice, to one to appear and give
information to the court on any matter. (b) Warning to a person in
whose hands the effects of another are attached, not to pay the money
or deliver the goods to the defendant, but to appear in court and give
information as garnishee.
3. A fee. See Garnish, n., 4.
Garniture
Gar"ni*ture (?), n. [F. garniture. See Garnish, v. t.] That which
garnishes; ornamental appendage; embellishment; furniture; dress.
The pomp of groves and garniture of fields. Beattie.
Garookuh
Ga*roo"kuh (?), n. A small fishing vessel met with in the Persian
Gulf.
Garous
Ga"rous (?), a. [From Garum.] Pertaining to, or resembling, garum. Sir
T. Browne.
Gar pike OR Garpike
Gar" pike` OR Gar"pike`. (Zo\'94l.) See under Gar.
Garran
Gar"ran (?), n. [Gael. garr\'a0n, gearr\'a0n, gelding, work horse,
hack.] (Zo\'94l.) See Galloway. [Scot. garron or gerron. Jamieson.]
Garret
Gar"ret (?), n. [OE. garite, garette, watchtower, place of lookout,
OF. garite, also meaning, a place of refuge, F. gu\'82rite a place of
refuge, donjon, sentinel box, fr. OF. garir to preserve, save, defend,
F. gu\'82rir to cure; of German origin; cf. OHG. werian to protect,
defend, hinder, G. wehren, akin to Goth. warjan to hinder, and akin to
E. weir, or perhaps to wary. See Weir, and cf. Guerite.]
1. A turret; a watchtower. [Obs.]
He saw men go up and down on the garrets of the gates and walls.
Ld. Berners.
2. That part of a house which is on the upper floor, immediately under
or within the roof; an attic.
The tottering garrets which overhung the streets of Rome. Macaulay.
Garreted
Gar"ret*ed, a. Protected by turrets. [Obs.] R. Carew.
Garreteer
Gar`ret*eer" (?), n. One who lives in a garret; a poor author; a
literary hack. Macaulay.
Garreting
Gar"ret*ing (?), n. Small splinters of stone inserted into the joints
of coarse masonry. Weale.
Garrison
Gar"ri*son (?), n. [OE. garnisoun, F. garnison garrison, in OF. & OE.
also, provision, munitions, from garnir to garnish. See Garnish.]
(Mil.) (a) A body of troops stationed in a fort or fortified town. (b)
A fortified place, in which troops are quartered for its security. In
garrison, in the condition of a garrison; doing duty in a fort or as
one of a garrison.
Garrison
Gar"ri*son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garrisoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Garrisoning.] (Mil.) (a) To place troops in, as a fortification, for
its defense; to furnish with soldiers; as, to garrison a fort or town.
(b) To secure or defend by fortresses manned with troops; as, to
garrison a conquered territory.
Garron
Gar"ron (?), n. Same as Garran. [Scot.]
Garrot
Gar"rot (?), n. [F. Cf. Garrote.] (Surg.) A stick or small wooden
cylinder used for tightening a bandage, in order to compress the
arteries of a limb.
Garrot
Gar"rot, n. (Zo\'94l.) The European golden-eye.
Garrote
Gar*rote" (?), n. [Sp. garrote, from garra claw, talon, of Celtic
origin; cf. Armor. & W. gar leg, ham, shank. Cf. Garrot stick,
Garter.] A Spanish mode of execution by strangulation, with an iron
collar affixed to a post and tightened by a screw until life become
extinct; also, the instrument by means of which the punishment is
inflicted.
Garrote
Gar*rote", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Garroted; p. pr. & vb. n. Garroting.]
To strangle with the garrote; hence, to seize by the throat, from
behind, with a view to strangle and rob.
Garroter
Gar*rot"er (?), n. One who seizes a person by the throat from behind,
with a view to strangle and rob him.
Garrulity
Gar*ru"li*ty (?), n. [L. garrulitas: cf. F. garrulit\'82.]
Talkativeness; loquacity.
Garrulous
Gar"ru*lous (?), a. [L. garrulus, fr. garrire to chatter, talk; cf.
Gr. Call.]
1. Talking much, especially about commonplace or trivial things;
talkative; loquacious.
The most garrulous people on earth. De Quincey.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having a loud, harsh note; noisy; -- said of birds; as,
the garrulous roller. Syn. -- Garrulous, Talkative, Loquacious. A
garrulous person indulges in long, prosy talk, with frequent
repetitions and lengthened details; talkative implies simply a great
desire to talk; and loquacious a great flow of words at command. A
child is talkative; a lively woman is loquacious; an old man in his
dotage is garrulous. -- Gar"ru*lous*ly, adv. -- Gar"ru*lous*ness, n.
Garrupa
Gar*ru"pa (?), n. [Prob. fr. Pg. garupa crupper. Cf. Grouper the
fish.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of California market fishes,
of the genus Sebastichthys; -- called also rockfish. See Rockfish.
Garter
Gar"ter (?), n. [OE. gartier, F. jarreti\'8are, fr. OF. garet bend of
the knee, F. jarret; akin to Sp. garra claw, Prov. garra leg. See
Garrote.]
1. A band used to prevent a stocking from slipping down on the leg.
2. The distinguishing badge of the highest order of knighthood in
Great Britain, called the Order of the Garter, instituted by Edward
III.; also, the Order itself.
3. (Her.) Same as Bendlet.
Garter fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of the genus Lepidopus, having a long,
flat body, like the blade of a sword; the scabbard fish. -- Garter
king-at-arms, the chief of the official heralds of England,
king-at-arms to the Order of the Garter; -- often abbreviated to
Garter. -- Garter snake (Zo\'94l.), one of several harmless American
snakes of the genus Eut\'91nia, of several species (esp. E. saurita
and E. sirtalis); one of the striped snakes; -- so called from its
conspicuous stripes of color.
Garter
Gar"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gartered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gartering.]
1. To bind with a garter.
He . . . could not see to garter his hose. Shak.
2. To invest with the Order of the Garter. T. Warton.
Garth
Garth (?), n. [Icel. gar yard. See Yard.]
1. A close; a yard; a croft; a garden; as, a cloister garth.
A clapper clapping in a garth To scare the fowl from fruit.
Tennyson.
2. A dam or weir for catching fish.
Garth
Garth, n. [Girth.] A hoop or band. [Prov. Eng.]
Garum
Ga"rum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. A sauce made of small fish. It was prized
by the ancients.
Garvie
Gar"vie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The spart; -- called also garvie herring,
and garvock. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Gas
Gas (?), n.; pl. Gases (#). [Invented by the chemist Van Helmont of
Brussels, who died in 1644.]
1. An a\'89riform fluid; -- a term used at first by chemists as
synonymous with air, but since restricted to fluids supposed to be
permanently elastic, as oxygen, hydrogen, etc., in distinction from
vapors, as steam, which become liquid on a reduction of temperature.
In present usage, since all of the supposed permanent gases have been
liquified by cold and pressure, the term has resumed nearly its
original signification, and is applied to any substance in the elastic
or a\'89riform state.
2. (Popular Usage) (a) A complex mixture of gases, of which the most
important constituents are marsh gas, olefiant gas, and hydrogen,
artificially produced by the destructive distillation of gas coal, or
sometimes of peat, wood, oil, resin, etc. It gives a brilliant light
when burned, and is the common gas used for illuminating purposes. (b)
Laughing gas. (c) Any irrespirable a\'89riform fluid. <-- 3. gasoline.
-->
NOTE: &hand; Ga s is often used adjectively or in combination; as,
gas fitter or gasfitter; gas meter or gas-meter, etc.
Air gas (Chem.), a kind of gas made by forcing air through some
volatile hydrocarbon, as the lighter petroleums. The air is so
saturated with combustible vapor as to be a convenient illuminating
and heating agent. -- Gas battery (Elec.), a form of voltaic battery,
in which gases, especially hydrogen and oxygen, are the active agents.
-- Gas carbon, Gas coke, etc. See under Carbon, Coke, etc. -- Gas
coal, a bituminous or hydrogenous coal yielding a high percentage of
volatile matters, and therefore available for the manufacture of
illuminating gas. R. W. Raymond. -- Gas engine, an engine in which the
motion of the piston is produced by the combustion or sudden
production or expansion of gas; -- especially, an engine in which an
explosive mixture of gas and air is forced into the working cylinder
and ignited there by a gas flame or an electric spark.<-- = internal
combustion engine --> -- Gas fitter, one who lays pipes and puts up
fixtures for gas. -- Gas fitting. (a) The occupation of a gas fitter.
(b) pl. The appliances needed for the introduction of gas into a
building, as meters, pipes, burners, etc. -- Gas fixture, a device for
conveying illuminating or combustible gas from the pipe to the
gas-burner, consisting of an appendage of cast, wrought, or drawn
metal, with tubes upon which the burners, keys, etc., are adjusted. --
Gas generator, an apparatus in which gas is evolved; as: (a) a retort
in which volatile hydrocarbons are evolved by heat; (b) a machine in
which air is saturated with the vapor of liquid hydrocarbon; a
carburetor; (c) a machine for the production of carbonic acid gas, for
a\'89rating water, bread, etc. Knight. -- Gas jet, a flame of
illuminating gas. -- Gas machine, an apparatus for carbureting air for
use as illuminating gas. -- Gas meter, an instrument for recording the
quantity of gas consumed in a given time, at a particular place. --
Gas retort, a retort which contains the coal and other materials, and
in which the gas is generated, in the manufacture of gas. -- Gas
stove, a stove for cooking or other purposes, heated by gas. -- Gas
tar, coal tar. -- Gas trap, a drain trap; a sewer trap. See 4th Trap,
5. -- Gas washer (Gas Works), an apparatus within which gas from the
condenser is brought in contact with a falling stream of water, to
precipitate the tar remaining in it. Knight. -- Gas water, water
through which gas has been passed for purification; -- called also gas
liquor and ammoniacal water, and used for the manufacture of sal
ammoniac, carbonate of ammonia, and Prussian blue. Tomlinson. -- Gas
well, a deep boring, from which natural gas is discharged. Raymond. --
Gas works, a manufactory of gas, with all the machinery and
appurtenances; a place where gas is generated for lighting cities. --
Laughing gas. See under Laughing. -- Marsh gas (Chem.), a light,
combustible, gaseous hydrocarbon, CH4, produced artificially by the
dry distillation of many organic substances, and occurring as a
natural product of decomposition in stagnant pools, whence its name.
It is an abundant ingredient of ordinary illuminating gas, and is the
first member of the paraffin series. Called also methane, and in coal
mines, fire damp. -- Natural gas, gas obtained from wells, etc., in
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and elsewhere, and largely used for fuel and
illuminating purposes. It is chiefly derived from the Coal Measures.
-- Olefiant gas (Chem.). See Ethylene. -- Water gas (Chem.), a kind of
gas made by forcing steam over glowing coals, whereby there results a
mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This gives a gas of intense
heating power, but destitute of light-giving properties, and which is
charged by passing through some volatile hydrocarbon, as gasoline.<--
= synthesis gas -->
_________________________________________________________________
Page 614
Gasalier
Gas`a*lier" (?), n. [Formed from gas, in imitation of chandelier.] A
chandelier arranged to burn gas.
Gas-burner
Gas"-burn`er (?), n. The jet piece of a gas fixture where the gas is
burned as it escapes from one or more minute orifices.
Gascoines
Gas"coines (?), n. pl. See Gaskins, 1. Lyly.
Gascon
Gas"con (?; F. ?), a. [F.] Of or pertaining to Gascony, in France, or
to the Gascons; also, braggart; swaggering. -- n. A native of Gascony;
a boaster; a bully. See Gasconade.
Gasconade
Gas`con*ade" (?), n. [F. gasconnade, from Gascon an inhabitant of
Gascony, the people of which were noted for boasting.] A boast or
boasting; a vaunt; a bravado; a bragging; braggodocio. Swift.
Gasconade
Gas`con*ade", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gasconaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Gasconading.] To boast; to brag; to bluster.
Gasconader
Gas`con*ad"er (?), n. A great boaster; a blusterer.
Gascoynes
Gas"coynes (?), n. pl. Gaskins. Beau & Fl.
Gaseity
Gas*e"i*ty (? OR ?), n. State of being gaseous. [R] Eng. Cyc.
Gaseous
Gas"e*ous (? OR ?; 277), a. [From Gas. Cf. F. gazeux.]
1. In the form, or of the nature, of gas, or of an a\'89riform fluid.
2. Lacking substance or solidity; tenuous. "Unconnected, gaseous
information." Sir J. Stephen.
Gash
Gash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gashing.]
[For older garth or garse, OF. garser to scarify, F. gercer to chap,
perh. from an assumed LL. carptiare, fr. L. carpere, carptum, to
pluck, separate into parts; cf. LL. carptare to wound. Cf. Carpet.] To
make a gash, or long, deep incision in; -- applied chiefly to
incisions in flesh.
Grievously gashed or gored to death. Hayward.
Gash
Gash, n. A deep and long cut; an incision of considerable length and
depth, particularly in flesh.
Gashful
Gash"ful (?), a. Full of gashes; hideous; frightful. [Obs.] "A
gashful, horrid, ugly shape." Gayton.
Gasification
Gas`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See Gasify.] The act or process of
converting into gas.
Gasiform
Gas"i*form, a. Having a form of gas; gaseous.
Gasify
Gas"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gasified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gasifying.] [Gas + -fy.] To convert into gas, or an a\'89riform fluid,
as by the application of heat, or by chemical processes.
Gasify
Gas"i*fy (?), v. i. To become gas; to pass from a liquid to a gaseous
state. Scientific American.
Gasket
Gas"ket (?), n. [Cf. F. garcette, It. gaschetta, Sp. cajeta caburn,
garceta reef point.]
1. (Naut.) A line or band used to lash a furled sail securely. Sea
gaskets are common lines; harbor gaskets are plaited and decorated
lines or bands. Called also casket.
2. (Mech.) (a) The plaited hemp used for packing a piston, as of the
steam engine and its pumps. (b) Any ring or washer of packing.
Gaskins
Gas"kins (?), n.pl. [Cf. Galligaskins.]
1. Loose hose or breeches; galligaskins. [Obs.] Shak.
2. Packing of hemp. Simmonds.
3. A horse's thighs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Gaslight
Gas"light` (?), n.
1. The light yielded by the combustion of illuminating gas.
2. A gas jet or burner.
Gasogen
Gas"o*gen (?), n. [Gas + -gen.]
1. An apparatus for the generation of gases, or for impregnating a
liquid with a gas, or a gas with a volatile liquid.
2. A volatile hydrocarbon, used as an illuminant, or for charging
illuminating gas.
Gasolene
Gas`o*lene (?), n. See Gasoline.
Gasolier
Gas`o*lier" (?), n. Same as Gasalier.
Gasoline
Gas"o*line (? OR ?; 104), n. A highly volatile mixture of fluid
hydrocarbons, obtained from petroleum, as also by the distillation of
bituminous coal. It is used in making air gas, and in giving
illuminating power to water gas. See Carburetor.<-- used as a fuel for
most automobiles and for other vehicles with a gasoline-powered
internal combustion engine -->
Gasometer
Gas*om"e*ter (? OR ?), n. [Gas + -meter. Cf. F. gazom\'8atre.] An
apparatus for holding and measuring of gas; in gas works, a huge iron
cylinder closed at one end and having the other end immersed in water,
in which it is made to rise or fall, according to the volume of gas it
contains, or the pressure required.
Gasometric OR, Gasometrical
Gas`o*met"ric (? OR ?), Gas`o*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
the measurement of gases; as, gasometric analysis.
Gasometry
Gas*om"e*try (? OR ?), n. The art or practice of measuring gases;
also, the science which treats of the nature and properties of these
elastic fluids. Coxe.
Gasoscope
Gas"o*scope (?), n. [Gas + -scope.] An apparatus for detecting the
presence of any dangerous gas, from a gas leak in a coal mine or a
dwelling house.
Gasp
Gasp (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gasped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gasping.]
[OE. gaspen, gaispen, to yawn, gasp, Icel. geispa to yawn; akin to Sw.
g\'84spa, Dan. gispe to gasp.]
1. To open the mouth wide in catching the breath, or in laborious
respiration; to labor for breath; to respire convulsively; to pant
violently.
She gasps and struggles hard for life. Lloyd.
2. To pant with eagerness; to show vehement desire.
Quenching the gasping furrows' thirst with rain. Spenser.
Gasp
Gasp, v. t. To emit or utter with gasps; -- with forth, out, away,
etc.
And with short sobs he gasps away his breath. Dryden.
Gasp
Gasp, n. The act of opening the mouth convulsively to catch the
breath; a labored respiration; a painful catching of the breath. At
the last gasp, at the point of death. Addison.
Gaspereau
Gas"per*eau (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The alewife. [Local, Canada]
Gasserian
Gas*se"ri*an (?), a. Relating to Casserio (L. Gasserius), the discover
of the Gasserian ganglion. Gasserian ganglion (Anat.), a large
ganglion, at the root of the trigeminal, or fifth cranial, nerve.
Gassing
Gas"sing (?), n.
1. (Manuf.) The process of passing cotton goods between two rollers
and exposing them to numerous minute jets of gas to burn off the small
fibers; any similar process of singeing.
2. Boasting; insincere or empty talk. [Slang]
Gassy
Gas"sy (?), a. Full of gas; like gas. Hence: [Colloq.] Inflated; full
of boastful or insincere talk.
Gast
Gast (?), v. t. [OE. gasten, g to frighten, akin to Goth. usgaisjan.
See Aghast, Ghastly, and cf. Gaze.] To make aghast; to frighten; to
terrify. See Aghast. [Obs.] Chaucer. Shak.
Gaster
Gast"er (?), v. t. To gast. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Gasteromycetes
Gas`te*ro*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) An order of
fungi, in which the spores are borne inside a sac called the peridium,
as in the puffballs.
Gasteropod
Gas"ter*o*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Gastropod.
Gasteropoda
Gas`te*rop`o*da (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Gastropoda.
Gasteropodous
Gas`ter*op"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Gastropodous.
Gastful, Gastly
Gast"ful, Gast"ly (, a. [Obs.] See Ghastful, Ghastly.
Gastight
Gas"tight` (?), a. So tightly fitted as to preclude the escape of gas;
impervious to gas.
Gastness
Gast"ness (?), n. See Ghastness. [Obs.]
Gastornis
Gas*tor"nis (?), n. [NL., from Gaston M. Plante, the discover + Gr.
(Paleon.) A genus of large eocene birds from the Paris basin.
Gastr\'91a
Gas*tr\'91"a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Biol.) A primeval larval form; a
double-walled sac from which, according to the hypothesis of Haeckel,
man and all other animals, that in the first stages of their
individual evolution pass through a two-layered structural stage, or
gastrula form, must have descended. This idea constitutes the
Gastr\'91a theory of Haeckel. See Gastrula.
Gastralgia
Gas*tral"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Pain in the stomach or
epigastrium, as in gastric disorders.
Gastric
Gas"tric (?), a. [Gr. gastrique.] Of, pertaining to, or situated near,
the stomach; as, the gastric artery. Gastric digestion (Physiol.), the
conversion of the albuminous portion of food in the stomach into
soluble and diffusible products by the solvent action of gastric
juice. -- Gastric fever (Med.), a fever attended with prominent
gastric symptoms; -- a name applied to certain forms of typhoid fever;
also, to catarrhal inflammation of the stomach attended with fever. --
Gastric juice (Physiol.), a thin, watery fluid, with an acid reaction,
secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in the mucous membrane
of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilute hydrochloric acid and the
ferment pepsin. It is the most important digestive fluid in the body,
but acts only on proteid foods. -- Gastric remittent fever (Med.), a
form of remittent fever with pronounced stomach symptoms.
Gastriloquist
Gas*tril"o*quist (?), n. [Gr. gasth`r, gastro`s, stomach + L. loqui to
speak.] One who appears to speak from his stomach; a ventriloquist.
Gastriloquous
Gas*tril"o*quous (?), a. Ventriloquous. [R.]
Gastriloquy
Gas*tril"o*quy (?), n. A voice or utterance which appears to proceed
from the stomach; ventriloquy.
Gastritis
Gas*tri"tis (?), n. [NL., from. Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the
stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.
Gastro-
Gas"tro- (?). A combining form from the Gr. gastrocolic, gastrocele,
gastrotomy.
Gastrocnemius
Gas`troc*ne"mi*us (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The muscle which
makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.
Gastrocolic
Gas`tro*col"ic (?), a. [Gastro- + colic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to both
the stomach and the colon; as, the gastrocolic, or great, omentum.
Gastrodisc
Gas`tro*disc (?), n. [Gastro- + disc.] (Biol.) That part of blastoderm
where the hypoblast appears like a small disk on the inner face of the
epibladst.
Gastroduodenal
Gas`tro*du"o*de"nal (?), a. [Gastro- + -duodenal.] (Anat.) Pertaining
to the stomach and duodenum; as, the gastroduodenal artery.
Gastroduodenitis
Gas`tro*du`o*de*ni"tis (?), n. [NL. See Gastroduodenal, and -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the most
frequent causes of jaundice.
Gastroelytrotomy
Gas`tro*el`y*trot"o*my (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr (Surg.) The operation of
cutting into the upper part of the vagina, through the abdomen
(without opening the peritoneum), for the purpose of removing a fetus.
It is a substitute for the C\'91sarean operation, and less dangerous.
Gastroenteric
Gas`tro*en*te"ric (?), a. [Gastro- + -enteric.] (Anat. & Med.)
Gastrointestinal.
Gastroenteritis
Gas`tro*en`te*ri"tis (?), n. [NL. See Gastroenrteric, and -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the
intestines.
Gastroepiploic
Gas`tro*ep`i*plo"ic (?), a. [Gastro- + -epiploic.] (Anat.) Of or
pertaining to the stomach and omentum.
Gastrohepatic
Gas`tro*he*pat"ic (?), a. [Gastro- + -hepatic.] (Med.) Pertaining to
the stomach and liver; hepatogastric; as, the gastrohepatic, or
lesser, omentum.
Gastrohysterotomy
Gas`tro*hys`ter*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gastro- + GR. to cut.] (Surg.)
C\'91sarean section. See under C\'91sarean.
Gastrointestinal
Gas`tro*in*tes"ti*nal (?), a. [Gastro- + -intestinal.] (Anat. & Med.)
Of or pertaining to the stomach and intestines; gastroenteric.
Gastrolith
Gas`tro*lith (?), n. [Gastro- + -lith.] (Zo\'94l.) See Crab's eyes,
under Crab.
Gastrology
Gas*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr gastrologie.] The science which treats of
the structure and functions of the stomach; a treatise of the stomach.
Gastromalacia
Gas`tro*ma*la"ci*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A softening of the
coats of the stomach; -- usually a post-morten change.
Gastromancy
Gas`tro*man"cy (?), n. [Gastro- + -mancy: cf. F. gastromancy.]
(Antiq.) (a) A kind of divination, by means of words seemingly uttered
from the stomach. (b) A species of divination, by means of glasses or
other round, transparent vessels, in the center of which figures are
supposed to appear by magic art.
Gastromyces
Gas`tro*my"ces (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The fungoid growths
sometimes found in the stomach; such as Torula, etc.
Gastromyth
Gas"tro*myth (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. One whose voice appears to proceed
from the stomach; a ventriloquist. [Obs.]
Gastronome, Gastronomer
Gas"tro*nome (?), Gas*tron"o*mer (?), n. [F. gastronome, fr. Gr. One
fond of good living; an epicure. Sir W. Scott.
Gastronomic, Gastronomical
Gas`tro*nom"ic (?), Gas`tro*nom"ic*al (, a. [Cf. F. gastronomique.]
Pertaining to gastromony.
Gastronomist
Gas*tron"o*mist (?), n. A gastromomer.
Gastronomy
Gas*tron"o*my (?), n. [Gr. gastronomie.] The art or science of good
eating; epicurism; the art of good cheer.
Gastrophrenic
Gas`tro*phren"ic (?), a. [Gastro- + -phrenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
the stomach and diaphragm; as, the gastrophrenic ligament.
Gastropneumatic
Gas`tro*pneu*mat"ic (?), a. [Gastro- + pneumatic.] (Anat.) Pertaining
to the alimentary canal and air passages, and to the cavities
connected with them; as, the gastropneumatic mucuos membranes.
Gastropod
Gas"tro*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Gastropoda. [Written also
gasteropod.]
Gastropoda
Gas*trop"o*da (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the marine
spiral shells, and the land and fresh-water snails. They generally
creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the ventral side
of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of tentacles. See
Mollusca. [Written also Gasteropoda.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e Ga stropoda ar e di vided in to three subclasses;
viz.: (a) The Streptoneura or Dioecia, including the
Pectinibranchiata, Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa, and Heteropoda. (b)
The Euthyneura, including the Pulmonata and Opisthobranchia. (c)
The Amphineura, including the Polyplacophora and Aplacophora.
Gastropodous
Gas*trop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Gastropoda.
Gastroraphy
Gas*tror"a*phy (?), n. [Gr.gastrorrhaphie.] (Surg.) The operation of
sewing up wounds of the abdomen. Quincy.
Gastroscope
Gas"tro*scope (?), n. [Gastro- + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
viewing or examining the interior of the stomach.
Gastroscopic
Gas`tro*scop"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to gastroscopy.
Gastroscopy
Gas*tros"co*py (?), n. (Med.) Examination of the abdomen or stomach,
as with the gastroscope.
Gastrosplenic
Gas`tro*splen"ic (?), n. [Gastro- + splenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
the stomach and spleen; as, the gastrosplenic ligament.
Gastrostege
Gas*tros"tege (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the large
scales on the belly of a serpent.
Gastrostomy
Gas*tros"to*my (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. (Surg.) The operation of making
a permanent opening into the stomach, for the introduction of food.
Gastrotomy
Gas*trot"o*my (?), n. [Gastro + Gr. gastrotomie.] (Surg.) A cutting
into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.
Gastrotricha
Gas*trot"ri*cha (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of small
wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventral side. The group is
regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, related to rotifers and
annelids.
Gastrotrocha
Gas*trot"ro*cha (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A form of annelid
larva having cilia on the ventral side.
Gastrovascular
Gas`tro*vas"cu*lar (?), a. [Gastro- + -vascular.] (Zo\'94l.) Having
the structure, or performing the functions, both of digestive and
circulatory organs; as, the gastrovascular cavity of c&oe;lenterates.
Gastrula
Gas"tru*la (?), n.; pl. Gastrul\'91 (#) [NL., dim. fr. Gr. (Biol.) An
embryonic form having its origin in the invagination or pushing in of
the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere) on one side,
thus giving rise to a double-walled sac, with one opening or mouth
(the blastopore) which leads into the cavity (the archenteron) lined
by the inner wall (the hypoblast). See Illust. under Invagination. In
a more general sense, an ideal stage in embryonic development. See
Gastr\'91a. -- a. Of or pertaining to a gastrula.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 615
Gastrulation
Gas`tru*la"tion (?), n. (Biol.) The process of invagination, in
embryonic development, by which a gastrula is formed.
Gastrura
Gas*tru"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See Stomatopoda.
Gastrurous
Gas*tru"rous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Gastrura.
Gat
Gat (?), imp. of Get. [Obs.]
Gate
Gate (?), n. [OE. et, , giat, gate, door, AS. geat, gat, gate, door;
akin to OS., D., & Icel. gat opening, hole, and perh. to E. gate a
way, gait, and get, v. Cf. Gate a way in the wall, 3d Get.]
1. A large door or passageway in the wall of a city, of an inclosed
field or place, or of a grand edifice, etc.; also, the movable
structure of timber, metal, etc., by which the passage can be closed.
2. An opening for passage in any inclosing wall, fence, or barrier; or
the suspended framework which closes or opens a passage. Also,
figuratively, a means or way of entrance or of exit.
Knowest thou the way to Dover? Both stile and gate, horse way and
footpath. Shak.
Opening a gate for a long war. Knolles.
3. A door, valve, or other device, for stopping the passage of water
through a dam, lock, pipe, etc.
4. (Script.) The places which command the entrances or access; hence,
place of vantage; power; might.
The gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Matt. xvi. 18.
5. In a lock tumbler, the opening for the stump of the bolt to pass
through or into.
6. (Founding) (a) The channel or opening through which metal is poured
into the mold; the ingate. (b) The waste piece of metal cast in the
opening; a sprue or sullage piece. [Written also geat and git.]
Gate chamber, a recess in the side wall of a canal lock, which
receives the opened gate. -- Gate channel. See Gate, 5. -- Gate hook,
the hook-formed piece of a gate hinge. -- Gate money, entrance money
for admission to an inclosure. -- Gate tender, one in charge of a
gate, as at a railroad crossing. -- Gate valva, a stop valve for a
pipe, having a sliding gate which affords a straight passageway when
open. -- Gate vein (Anat.), the portal vein. -- To break gates (Eng.
Univ.), to enter a college inclosure after the hour to which a student
has been restricted. -- To stand in the gate, OR gates, to occupy
places or advantage, power, or defense.
Gate
Gate, v. t.
1. To supply with a gate.
2. (Eng. Univ.) To punish by requiring to be within the gates at an
earlier hour than usual.
Gate
Gate, n. [Icel. gata; akin to SW. gata street, lane, Dan. gade, Goth.
gatw\'94, G. gasse. Cf. Gate a door, Gait.]
1. A way; a path; a road; a street (as in Highgate). [O. Eng. & Scot.]
I was going to be an honest man; but the devil has this very day
flung first a lawyer, and then a woman, in my gate. Sir W. Scott.
2. Manner; gait. [O. Eng. & Scot.]
Gated
Gat"ed (?), a. Having gates. Young.
Gatehouse
Gate"house` (?), n. A house connected or associated with a gate.
Gateless
Gate"less, a. Having no gate.
Gateman
Gate"man (?), n. A gate keeper; a gate tender.
Gatepost
Gate"post` (?), n.
1. A post to which a gate is hung; -- called also swinging OR hinging
post.
2. A post against which a gate closes; -- called also shutting post.
Gateway
Gate"way` (?), n. A passage through a fence or wall; a gate; also, a
frame, arch, etc., in which a gate in hung, or a structure at an
entrance or gate designed for ornament or defense.
Gatewise
Gate"wise` (?), adv. In the manner of a gate.
Three circles of stones set up gatewise. Fuller.
Gather
Gath"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gathered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gathering.] [OE. gaderen, AS. gaderian, gadrian, fr. gador, geador,
together, fr. g\'91d fellowship; akin to E. good, D. gaderen to
collect, G. gatte husband, MHG. gate, also companion, Goth. gadiliggs
a sister's son. &root;29. See Good, and cf. Together.]
1. To bring together; to collect, as a number of separate things, into
one place, or into one aggregate body; to assemble; to muster; to
congregate.
And Belgium's capital had gathered them Her beauty and her
chivalry. Byron.
When he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the
people together. Matt. ii. 4.
2. To pick out and bring together from among what is of less value; to
collect, as a harvest; to harvest; to cull; to pick off; to pluck.
A rose just gathered from the stalk. Dryden.
Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles? Matt. vii. 16.
Gather us from among the heathen. Ps. cvi. 47.
3. To accumulate by collecting and saving little by little; to amass;
to gain; to heap up.
He that by usury and unjust gain increaseth his substance, he shall
gather it for him that will pity the poor. Prov. xxviii. 8.
To pay the creditor . . . he must gather up money by degrees.
Locke.
4. To bring closely together the parts or particles of; to contract;
to compress; to bring together in folds or plaits, as a garment; also,
to draw together, as a piece of cloth by a thread; to pucker; to
plait; as, to gather a ruffle.
Gathering his flowing robe, he seemed to stand In act to speak, and
graceful stretched his hand. Pope.
5. To derive, or deduce, as an inference; to collect, as a conclusion,
from circumstances that suggest, or arguments that prove; to infer; to
conclude.
Let me say no moreGather the sequel by that went before. Shak.
6. To gain; to win. [Obs.]
He gathers ground upon her in the chase. Dryden.
7. (Arch.) To bring together, or nearer together, in masonry, as where
the width of a fireplace is rapidly diminished to the width of the
flue, or the like.
8. (Naut.) To haul in; to take up; as, to gather the slack of a rope.
To be gathered to one's people, OR to one's fathers to die. Gen. xxv.
8. -- To gather breath, to recover normal breathing after being out of
breath; to get breath; to rest. Spenser. -- To gather one's self
together, to collect and dispose one's powers for a great effort, as a
beast crouches preparatory to a leap. -- To gather way (Naut.), to
begin to move; to move with increasing speed.
Gather
Gath"er (?), v. i.
1. To come together; to collect; to unite; to become assembled; to
congregate.
When small humors gather to a gout. Pope.
Tears from the depth of some divine despair Rise in the heart, and
gather to the eyes. Tennyson.
2. To grow larger by accretion; to increase.
Their snowball did not gather as it went. Bacon.
3. To concentrate; to come to a head, as a sore, and generate pus; as,
a boil has gathered.
4. To collect or bring things together.
Thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have
not strewed. Matt. xxv. 26.
Gather
Gath"er, n.
1. A plait or fold in cloth, made by drawing a thread through it; a
pucker.
2. (Carriage Making) The inclination forward of the axle journals to
keep the wheels from working outward.
3. (Arch.) The soffit or under surface of the masonry required in
gathering. See Gather, v. t., 7.
Gatherable
Gath"er*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being gathered or collected;
deducible from premises. [R.] Godwin.
Gatherer
Gath"er*er (?), n.
1. One who gathers or collects.
2. (Sewing Machine) An attachment for making gathers in the cloth.
Gathering
Gath"er*ing, n.
1. The act of collecting or bringing together.
2. That which is gathered, collected, or brought together; as: (a) A
crowd; an assembly; a congregation. (b) A charitable contribution; a
collection. (c) A tumor or boil suppurated or maturated; an abscess.
Gathering
Gath"er*ing, a. Assembling; collecting; used for gathering or
concentrating. Gathering board (Bookbinding), a table or board on
which signatures are gathered or assembled, to form a book. Knight. --
Gathering coal, a lighted coal left smothered in embers over night,
about which kindling wood is gathered in the morning. -- Gathering
hoop, a hoop used by coopers to draw together the ends of barrel
staves, to allow the hoops to be slipped over them. -- Gathering peat.
(a) A piece of peat used as a gathering coal, to preserve a fire. (b)
In Scotland, a fiery peat which was sent round by the Borderers as an
alarm signal, as the fiery cross was by the Highlanders.
Gatling gun
Gat"ling gun` (. [From the inventor, R.J. Gatling.] An American
machine gun, consisting of a cluster of barrels which, being revolved
by a crank, are automatically loaded and fired.
NOTE: &hand; Th e im proved Gatling gun can be fired at the rate of
1,200 shots per minute.
Farrow.
Gatten tree
Gat"ten tree` (?). [Cf. Prov. E. gatter bush.] (Bot.) A name given to
the small trees called guelder-rose (Viburnum Opulus), cornel (Cornus
sanguinea), and spindle tree (Euonymus Europ\'91us).
Gat-toothed
Gat"-toothed` (?), a. [OE. gat goat + tooth. See Goat the animal.]
Goat-toothed; having a lickerish tooth; lustful; wanton. [Obs.]
Gauche
Gauche (?), n. [F.]
1. Left handed; hence, awkward; clumsy.
2. (Geom.) Winding; twisted; warped; -- applied to curves and
surfaces.
Gaucherie
Gauche`rie" (?), n. [F.] An awkward action; clumsiness; boorishness.
Gaucho
Gau"cho (?), n., pl. Gauchos ( [Sp.] On of the native inhabitants of
the pampas, of Spanish-American descent. They live mostly by rearing
cattle.
Gaud
Gaud (?), n. [OE. gaude jest, trick, gaudi bead of a rosary, fr. L.
gaudium joy, gladness. See Joy.]
1. Trick; jest; sport. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. Deceit; fraud; artifice; device. [Obs.] Chaucer.
3. An ornament; a piece of worthless finery; a trinket. "An idle
gaud." Shak.
Gaud
Gaud, v. i. [Cf. F. se gaudir to rejoice, fr. L. gaudere. See Gaud,
n.] To sport or keep festival. [Obs.] "Gauding with his familiars. "
[Obs.] Sir T. North.
Gaud
Gaud, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Gauding.] To bedeck
gaudily; to decorate with gauds or showy trinkets or colors; to paint.
[Obs.] "Nicely gauded cheeks." Shak.
Gaud-day
Gaud"-day` (?), n. See Gaudy, a feast.
Gaudery
Gaud"er*y (?), n. Finery; ornaments; ostentatious display. [R.]
"Tarnished gaudery." Dryden.
Gaudful
Gaud"ful (?), a. Joyful; showy. [Obs.]
Gaudily
Gaud"i*ly (?), adv. In a gaudy manner. Guthrie.
Gaudiness
Gaud"i*ness, n. The quality of being gaudy. Whitlock.
Gaudish
Gaud"ish, a. Gaudy. "Gaudish ceremonies." Bale.
Gaudless
Gaud"less, a. Destitute of ornament. [R.]
Gaudy
Gaud"y (?), a. [Compar. Gaudier (?); superl. Gauidiest.]
1. Ostentatiously fine; showy; gay, but tawdry or meretricious.
Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, But not expressed in fancy;
rich, not gaudy. Shak.
2. Gay; merry; festal. Tennyson.
Let's have one other gaudy night. Shak.
Gaudy
Gaud"y, n.; pl. Gaudies (#) [See Gaud, n.] One of the large beads in
the rosary at which the paternoster is recited. [Obs.] Gower.
Gaudy
Gaud"y, n. A feast or festival; -- called also gaud-day and gaudy day.
[Oxford Univ.] Conybeare.
Gaudygreen
Gaud"y*green` (?), a. OR n. [OE. gaude grene.] Light green. [Obs.]
Chaucer. Spenser.
Gauffer
Gauf"fer (?), v. t. [F. gaufrer to figure cloth, velvet, and other
stuffs, fr. gaufre honeycomb, waffle; of German origin. See Waffle,
Wafer, and cf. Goffer, Gopher an animal.] To plait, crimp, or flute;
to goffer, as lace. See Goffer.
Gauffering
Gauf"fer*ing (?), n. A mode of plaiting or fluting. Gauffering iron, a
kind of fluting iron for fabrics. -- Gauffering press (Flower Manuf.),
a press for crimping the leaves and petals into shape.
Gauffre
Gauf"fre (?), n. [See Gopher.] (Zo\'94l.) A gopher, esp. the pocket
gopher.
Gauge
Gauge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gauged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gauging
(?)] [OF. gaugier, F. jauger, cf. OF. gauge gauge, measuring rod, F.
jauge; of uncertain origin; perh. fr. an assumed L. qualificare to
determine the qualities of a thing (see Qualify); but cf. also F.
jalon a measuring stake in surveying, and E. gallon.] >[Written also
gage.]
1. To measure or determine with a gauge.
2. To measure or to ascertain the contents or the capacity of, as of a
pipe, barrel, or keg.
3. (Mech.) To measure the dimensions of, or to test the accuracy of
the form of, as of a part of a gunlock.
The vanes nicely gauged on each side. Derham.
4. To draw into equidistant gathers by running a thread through it, as
cloth or a garment.
5. To measure the capacity, character, or ability of; to estimate; to
judge of.
You shall not gauge me By what we do to-night. Shak.
Gauge
Gauge, n. [Written also gage.]
1. A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine
dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard.
This plate must be a gauge to file your worm and groove to equal
breadth by. Moxon.
There is not in our hands any fixed gauge of minds. I. Taylor.
2. Measure; dimensions; estimate.
The gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt.
Burke.
3. (Mach. & Manuf.) Any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the
dimensions or forms of things; a templet or template; as, a button
maker's gauge.
4. (Physics) Any instrument or apparatus for measuring the state of a
phenomenon, or for ascertaining its numerical elements at any moment;
-- usually applied to some particular instrument; as, a rain gauge; a
steam gauge.
5. (Naut.) (a) Relative positions of two or more vessels with
reference to the wind; as, a vessel has the weather gauge of another
when on the windward side of it, and the lee gauge when on the lee
side of it. (b) The depth to which a vessel sinks in the water.
Totten.
6. The distance between the rails of a railway.
NOTE: &hand; Th e st andard gauge of railroads in most countries is
four feet, eight and one half inches. Wide, or broad, gauge, in the
United States, is six feet; in England, seven feet, and generally
any gauge exceeding standard gauge. Any gauge less than standard
gauge is now called narrow gauge. It varies from two feet to three
feet six inches.
7. (Plastering) The quantity of plaster of Paris used with common
plaster to accelerate its setting.
8. (Building) That part of a shingle, slate, or tile, which is exposed
to the weather, when laid; also, one course of such shingles, slates,
or tiles.
Gauge of a carriage, car, etc., the distance between the wheels; --
ordinarily called the track. -- Gauge cock, a stop cock used as a try
cock for ascertaining the height of the water level in a steam boiler.
-- Gauge concussion (Railroads), the jar caused by a car-wheel flange
striking the edge of the rail. -- Gauge glass, a glass tube for a
water gauge. -- Gauge lathe, an automatic lathe for turning a round
object having an irregular profile, as a baluster or chair round, to a
templet or gauge. -- Gauge point, the diameter of a cylinder whose
altitude is one inch, and contents equal to that of a unit of a given
measure; -- a term used in gauging casks, etc. -- Gauge rod, a
graduated rod, for measuring the capacity of barrels, casks, etc. --
Gauge saw, a handsaw, with a gauge to regulate the depth of cut.
Knight. -- Gauge stuff, a stiff and compact plaster, used in making
cornices, moldings, etc., by means of a templet. -- Gauge wheel, a
wheel at the forward end of a plow beam, to determine the depth of the
furrow. -- Joiner's gauge, an instrument used to strike a line
parallel to the straight side of a board, etc. -- Printer's gauge, an
instrument to regulate the length of the page. -- Rain gauge, an
instrument for measuring the quantity of rain at any given place. --
Salt gauge, or Brine gauge, an instrument or contrivance for
indicating the degree of saltness of water from its specific gravity,
as in the boilers of ocean steamers. -- Sea gauge, an instrument for
finding the depth of the sea. -- Siphon gauge, a glass siphon tube,
partly filled with mercury, -- used to indicate pressure, as of steam,
or the degree of rarefaction produced in the receiver of an air pump
or other vacuum; a manometer. -- Sliding gauge. (Mach.) (a) A templet
or pattern for gauging the commonly accepted dimensions or shape of
certain parts in general use, as screws, railway-car axles, etc. (b) A
gauge used only for testing other similar gauges, and preserved as a
reference, to detect wear of the working gauges. (c) (Railroads) See
Note under Gauge, n., 5. -- Star gauge (Ordnance), an instrument for
measuring the diameter of the bore of a cannon at any point of its
length. -- Steam gauge, an instrument for measuring the pressure of
steam, as in a boiler. -- Tide gauge, an instrument for determining
the height of the tides. -- Vacuum gauge, a species of barometer for
determining the relative elasticities of the vapor in the condenser of
a steam engine and the air. -- Water gauge. (a) A contrivance for
indicating the height of a water surface, as in a steam boiler; as by
a gauge cock or glass. (b) The height of the water in the boiler. --
Wind gauge, an instrument for measuring the force of the wind on any
given surface; an anemometer. -- Wire gauge, a gauge for determining
the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal; also, a standard
of size. See under Wire.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 616
Gaugeable
Gauge"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being gauged.
Gauged
Gauged (?), p. a. Tested or measured by, or conformed to, a gauge.
Gauged brick, brick molded, rubbed, or cut to an exact size and shape,
for arches or ornamental work. -- Gauged mortar. See Gauge stuff,
under Gauge, n.
Gauger
Gau"ger (?), n. One who gauges; an officer whose business it is to
ascertain the contents of casks.
Gauger-ship
Gau"ger-ship, n. The office of a gauger.
Gauging rod
Gau"ging rod`. See Gauge rod, under Gauge, n.
Gaul
Gaul (?), n. [F. Gaule, fr. L. Gallia, fr. Gallus a Gaul.]
1. The Anglicized form of Gallia, which in the time of the Romans
included France and Upper Italy (Transalpine and Cisalpine Gaul).
2. A native or inhabitant of Gaul.
Gaulish
Gaul"ish (?), a. Pertaining to ancient France, or Gaul; Gallic. [R.]
Gault
Gault (?), n. [Cf. Norw. gald hard ground, Icel. gald hard snow.]
(Geol.) A series of beds of clay and marl in the South of England,
between the upper and lower greensand of the Cretaceous period.
Gaultheria
Gaul*the"ri*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of ericaceous shrubs with
evergreen foliage, and, often, edible berries. It includes the
American winter-green (Gaultheria procumbens), and the larger-fruited
salal of Northwestern America (Gaultheria Shallon).
Gaunt
Gaunt (?), a. [Cf. Norw. gand a thin pointed stick, a tall and thin
man, and W. gwan weak.] Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering;
lean; meager; pinched and grim. "The gaunt mastiff." Pope.
A mysterious but visible pestilence, striding gaunt and fleshless
across our land. Nichols.
Gauntlet
Gaunt"let (?), n. (Mil.) See Gantlet.
Gauntlet
Gaunt"let (?), n. [F. gantelet, dim. of gant glove, LL. wantus, of
Teutonic origin; cf. D. want, Sw. & Dan. vante, Icel. v\'94ttr, for
vantr.]
1. A glove of such material that it defends the hand from wounds.
NOTE: &hand; The gauntlet of the Middle Ages was sometimes of chain
mail, sometimes of leather partly covered with plates, scales,
etc., of metal sewed to it, and, in the 14th century, became a
glove of small steel plates, carefully articulated and covering the
whole hand except the palm and the inside of the fingers.
2. A long glove, covering the wrist.
3. (Naut.) A rope on which hammocks or clothes are hung for drying.
To take up the gauntlet, to accept a challenge. -- To throw down the
gauntlet, to offer or send a challenge. The gauntlet or glove was
thrown down by the knight challenging, and was taken up by the one who
accepted the challenge; -- hence the phrases.
Gauntletted
Gaunt"lett*ed, a. Wearing a gauntlet.
Gauntly
Gaunt"ly, adv. In a gaunt manner; meagerly.
Gauntree, Gauntry
Gaun"tree (?), Gaun"try (?), n. [F. chantier, LL. cantarium, fr. L.
canterius trellis, sort of frame.]
1. A frame for supporting barrels in a cellar or elsewhere. Sir W.
Scott.
2. (Engin.) A scaffolding or frame carrying a crane or other
structure. Knight.
Gaur
Gaur (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian species of wild
cattle (Bibos gauris), of large size and an untamable disposition.
[Spelt also gour.]
Gaure
Gaure (?), v. i. To gaze; to stare. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gauze
Gauze (?), n. [F. gaze; so called because it was first introduced from
Gaza, a city of Palestine.] A very thin, slight, transparent stuff,
generally of silk; also, any fabric resembling silk gauze; as, wire
gauze; cotton gauze. Gauze dresser, one employed in stiffening gauze.
Gauze
Gauze, a. Having the qualities of gauze; thin; light; as, gauze merino
underclothing.
Gauziness
Gauz"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being gauzy; flimsiness. Ruskin.
Gauzy
Gauz"y (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, gauze; thin and slight as
gauze.
Gave
Gave (?), imp. of Give.
Gavel
Gav"el (?), n. A gable. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Gavel
Gav"el, n. [OF. gavelle, F. javelle, prob. dim. from L. capulus
handle, fr. capere to lay hold of, seize; or cf. W. gafael hold,
grasp. Cf. Heave.] A small heap of grain, not tied up into a bundle.
Wright.
Gavel
Gav"el, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
1. The mallet of the presiding officer in a legislative body, public
assembly, court, masonic body, etc.
2. A mason's setting maul. Knight.
Gavel
Gav"el, n. [OF. gavel, AS. gafol, prob. fr. gifan to give. See Give,
and cf. Gabel tribute.] (Law) Tribute; toll; custom. [Obs.] See Gabel.
Cowell.
Gavelet
Gav"el*et (?), n. [From Gavel tribute.] (O. Eng. Law) An ancient
special kind of cessavit used in Kent and London for the recovery of
rent. [Obs.]
Gavelkind
Gav"el*kind` (?), n. [OE. gavelkynde, gavelkende. See Gavel tribute,
and Kind, n.] (O. Eng. Law) A tenure by which land descended from the
father to all his sons in equal portions, and the land of a brother,
dying without issue, descended equally to his brothers. It still
prevails in the county of Kent. Cowell.
Gaveloche
Gav"e*loche (?), n. Same as Gavelock.
Gavelock
Gav"e*lock (?), n. [OE. gaveloc a dart, AS. gafeluc; cf. Icel. gaflok,
MHG. gabil, OF. gavelot, glavelot, F. javelot, Ir. gabhla spear, W.
gaflach fork, dart, E. glave, gaff]
1. A spear or dart. [R. & Obs.]
2. An iron crow or lever. [Scot. & North of Eng.]
Gaverick
Ga"ver*ick (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European red gurnard (Trigla
cuculus). [Prov. Eng.]
Gavi\'91
Ga"vi\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. gavia a sea mew.] (Zo\'94l.) The
division of birds which includes the gulls and terns.
Gavial
Ga"vi*al (?), n. [Hind. ghariu: cf. F. gavial.] (Zo\'94l.) A large
Asiatic crocodilian (Gavialis Gangeticus); -- called also nako, and
Gangetic crocodile.
NOTE: &hand; The gavial has a long, slender muzzle, teeth of nearly
uniform size, and feet completely webbed. It inhabits the Ganges
and other rivers of India. The name is also applied to several
allied fossil species.
Gavot
Gav"ot (? OR ?; 277), n. [F. gavotte, fr. Gavots, a people inhabiting
a mountainous district in France, called Gap.] (Mus.) A kind of
difficult dance; a dance tune, the air of which has two brisk and
lively, yet dignified, strains in common time, each played twice over.
[Written also gavotte.]
Gawby
Gaw"by (?), n. A baby; a dunce. [Prov. Eng.]
Gawk
Gawk (?), n. [OE. gok, gowk, cuckoo, fool, Icel. gaukr cuckoo; akin to
OHG. gouh, G. gauch cuckoo, fool, AS. g\'82ac cuckoo, Sw. g\'94k, Dan.
gi\'94g]
1. A cuckoo. Johnson.
2. A simpleton; a booby; a gawky. Carlyle.
Gawk
Gawk, v. i. To act like a gawky.
Gawky
Gawk"y (?), a. [Compar. Gawkier (?); superl. Gawkiest.] Foolish and
awkward; clumsy; clownish; as, gawky behavior. -- n. A fellow who is
awkward from being overgrown, or from stupidity, a gawk.
Gawn
Gawn (?), n. [Corrupted fr. gallon.] A small tub or lading vessel.
[Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
Gawntree
Gawn"tree (?), n. See Gauntree.
Gay
Gay (?), a. [Compar. Gayer (?); superl. Gayest.] [F. gai, perhaps fr.
OHG. g swift, rapid, G. g\'84h, j\'84h, steep, hasty; or cf. OHG. w
beatiful, good. Cf. Jay.]
1. Excited with merriment; manifesting sportiveness or delight;
inspiring delight; livery; merry.
Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. Pope.
Gay hope is theirs by fancy fed. Gray.
2. Brilliant in colors; splendid; fine; richly dressed.
Why is my neighbor's wife so gay? Chaucer.
A bevy of fair women, richly gay In gems and wanton dressMilton.
3. Loose; dissipated; lewd. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Merry; gleeful; blithe;
airy; lively; sprightly, sportive; light-hearted; frolicsome; jolly;
jovial; joyous; joyful; glad; showy; splendid; vivacious.
Gay
Gay, n. An ornament [Obs.] L'Estrange.
Gayal
Gay"al (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A Southern Asiatic species of
wild cattle (Bibos frontalis).
Gaydiang
Gay"di*ang (?), n. (Naut.) A vessel of Anam, with two or three masts,
lofty triangular sails, and in construction somewhat resembling a
Chinese junk.
Gayety
Gay"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Gayeties (. [Written also gaiety.] [F.
gaiet\'82. See Gay, a.]
1. The state of being gay; merriment; mirth; acts or entertainments
prompted by, or inspiring, merry delight; -- used often in the plural;
as, the gayeties of the season.
2. Finery; show; as, the gayety of dress. Syn. -- Liveliness; mirth;
animation; vivacity; glee; blithesomeness; sprightliness; jollity. See
Liveliness.
Gaylus-site
Gay"lus-site` (?), n. [Named after Gay-Lussac, the French chemist.]
(Min.) A yellowish white, translucent mineral, consisting of the
carbonates of lime and soda, with water.
Gayly
Gay"ly (?), adv.
1. With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.
2. Finely; splendidly; showily; as, ladies gayly dressed; a flower
gayly blooming. Pope.
Gayne
Gayne (?), v. i. [See Gain.] To avail. [Obs.]
Gayness
Gay"ness (?), n. Gayety; finery. [R.]
Gaysome
Gay"some (?), a. Full of gayety. Mir. for Mag.
Gaytre
Gay"tre (?), n. [See Gaitre.] The dogwood tree. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gaze
Gaze (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gazing.] [OE.
gasen, akin to dial. Sw. gasa, cf. Goth. us-gaisjan to terrify,
us-geisnan to be terrified. Cf. Aghast, Ghastly, Ghost, Hesitate.] To
fixx the eyes in a steady and earnest look; to look with eagerness or
curiosity, as in admiration, astonishment, or with studious attention.
Why stand ye gazing up into heaven? Acts i. 11.
Syn. -- To gape; stare; look. -- To Gaze, Gape, Stare. To gaze is to
look with fixed and prolonged attention, awakened by excited interest
or elevated emotion; to gape is to look fixedly, with open mouth and
feelings of ignorant wonder; to stare is to look with the fixedness of
insolence or of idiocy. The lover of nature gazes with delight on the
beauties of the landscape; the rustic gapes with wonder at the strange
sights of a large city; the idiot stares on those around with a vacant
look.
Gaze
Gaze, v. t. To view with attention; to gaze on . [R.]
And gazed a while the ample sky. Milton.
Gaze
Gaze, n.
1. A fixed look; a look of eagerness, wonder, or admiration; a
continued look of attention.
With secret gaze Or open admiration him behold. Milton.
2. The object gazed on.
Made of my enemies the scorn and gaze. Milton.
At gaze (a) (Her.) With the face turned directly to the front; -- said
of the figures of the stag, hart, buck, or hind, when borne, in this
position, upon an escutcheon. (b) In a position expressing sudden fear
or surprise; -- a term used in stag hunting to describe the manner of
a stag when he first hears the hounds and gazes round in apprehension
of some hidden danger; hence, standing agape; idly or stupidly gazing.
I that rather held it better men should perish one by one, Than
that earth should stand at gaze like Joshua's moon in Ajalon!
Tennyson.
Gazeebo
Ga*zee"bo (?), n. [Humorously formed from gaze.] A summerhouse so
situated as to command an extensive prospect. [Colloq.]
Gazeful
Gaze"ful (?), a. Gazing. [R.] Spenser.
Gazehound
Gaze"hound` (?), n. A hound that pursues by the sight rather than by
the scent. Sir W. Scott.
Gazel
Ga"zel (?), n. The black currant; also, the wild plum. [Prov. Eng.]
Gazel
Ga*zel" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Gazelle.
Gazelle
Ga*zelle" (?), n. [F. gazelle, OF. also, gazel; cf. Sp. gacela, Pr.
gazella, It. gazella; all fr. Ar. ghaz a wild goat.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
several small, swift, elegantly formed species of antelope, of the
genus Gazella, esp. G. dorcas; -- called also algazel, corinne, korin,
and kevel. The gazelles are celebrated for the luster and soft
expression of their eyes. [Written also gazel.] <-- subtypes -->
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon sp ecies of No rthern Af rica (G azella
dorcas); the Arabian gazelle, or ariel (G. Arabica); the mohr of
West Africa (G. mohr); the Indian (G. Bennetti); the ahu or Persian
(G. subgutturosa); and the springbok or tsebe (G. euchore) of South
Africa, are the best known.
Gazement
Gaze"ment (?), n. View. [Obs.] Spenser.
Gazer
Gaz"er (?), n. One who gazes.
Gazet
Ga*zet (?), n. [It.. gazeta, gazzetta, prob. dim. of L. gaza royal
treasure.] A Venetian coin, worth about three English farthings, or
one and a half cents. [Obs.]
Gazette
Ga*zette" (?), n. [F. gazette, It. gazzetta, perh. from gazetta a
Venetian coin (see Gazet), said to have been the price of the first
newspaper published at Venice; or perh. dim. of gazza magpie, a name
perh. applied to the first newspaper; cf. OHG. agalstra magpie, G.
elster.] A newspaper; a printed sheet published periodically; esp.,
the official journal published by the British government, and
containing legal and state notices.
Gazette
Ga*zette", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gazetted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gazetting.]
To announce or publish in a gazette; to announce officially, as an
appointment, or a case of bankruptcy.
Gazetteer
Gaz`et*teer" (?), n. [Cf. F. gazetier.]
1. A writer of news, or an officer appointed to publish news by
authority. Johnson.
2. A newspaper; a gazette. [Obs.] Burke.
3. A geographical dictionary; a book giving the names and
descriptions, etc., of many places.
4. An alphabetical descriptive list of anything.
Gazingstock
Gaz"ing*stock` (?), n. A person or thing gazed at with scorn or
abhorrence; an object of curiosity or contempt. Bp. Hall.
Gazogene
Gaz"o*gene (?), n. [F. gazog\'8ane; gaz gas + -g\'8ane, E. -gen.] A
portable apparatus for making soda water or a\'89rated liquids on a
small scale. Knight.
Gazon
Ga*zon" (?), n. [F. gazon turf, fr. OHG. waso, G. wasen.] (Fort.) One
of the pieces of sod used to line or cover parapets and the faces of
earthworks.
Ge-
Ge- (?). An Anglo-Saxon prefix. See Y-.
Geal
Geal (?), v. i. [F. geler, fr. L. gelare, fr. gelu. See Gelid.] To
congeal. [Obs. or Scot.]
Gean
Gean (?), n. [F. guigne the fruit of the gean; cf. OHG. w\'c6hsila, G.
weichsel.] (Bot.) A species of cherry tree common in Europe (Prunus
avium); also, the fruit, which is usually small and dark in color.
Geanticlinal
Ge`an*ti*cli"nal (?), n. [Gr. anticlinal.] (Geol.) An upward bend or
flexure of a considerable portion of the earth's crust, resulting in
the formation of a class of mountain elevations called anticlinoria;
-- opposed to geosynclinal.
Gear
Gear (?), n. [OE. gere, ger, AS. gearwe clothing, adornment, armor,
fr. gearo, gearu, ready, yare; akin to OHG. garaw\'c6, garw\'c6
ornament, dress. See Yare, and cf. Garb dress.]
1. Clothing; garments; ornaments.
Array thyself in thy most gorgeous gear. Spenser.
2. Goods; property; household stuff. Chaucer.
Homely gear and common ware. Robynson (More's Utopia)
3. Whatever is prepared for use or wear; manufactured stuff or
material.
Clad in a vesture of unknown gear. Spenser.
4. The harness of horses or cattle; trapping.
5. Warlike accouterments. [Scot.] Jamieson.
6. Manner; custom; behavior. [Obs.] Chaucer.
7. Business matters; affairs; concern. [Obs.]
Thus go they both together to their gear. Spenser.
8. (Mech.) (a) A toothed wheel, or cogwheel; as, a spur gear, or a
bevel gear; also, toothed wheels, collectively. (b) An apparatus for
performing a special function; gearing; as, the feed gear of a lathe.
(c) Engagement of parts with each other; as, in gear; out of gear.
9. pl. (Naut.) See 1st Jeer (b).
10. Anything worthless; stuff; nonsense; rubbish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
That servant of his that confessed and uttered this gear was an
honest man. Latimer.
Bever gear. See Bevel gear. -- Core gear, a mortise gear, or its
skeleton. See Mortise wheel, under Mortise. -- Expansion gear (Steam
Engine), the arrangement of parts for cutting off steam at a certain
part of the stroke, so as to leave it to act upon the piston
expansively; the cut-off. See under Expansion. -- Feed gear. See Feed
motion, under Feed, n. -- Gear cutter, a machine or tool for forming
the teeth of gear wheels by cutting. -- Gear wheel, any cogwheel. --
Running gear. See under Running. -- To throw in, OR out of, gear
(Mach.), to connect or disconnect (wheelwork or couplings, etc.); to
put in, or out of, working relation.
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Gear
Gear (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Geared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gearing.]
1. To dress; to put gear on; to harness.
2. (Mach.) To provide with gearing.
Double geared, driven through twofold compound gearing, to increase
the force or speed; -- said of a machine.
Gear
Gear, v. i. (Mach.) To be in, or come into, gear.
Gearing
Gear"ing, n.
1. Harness.
2. (Mach.) The parts by which motion imparted to one portion of an
engine or machine is transmitted to another, considered collectively;
as, the valve gearing of locomotive engine; belt gearing; esp., a
train of wheels for transmitting and varying motion in machinery.
Frictional gearing. See under Frictional. -- Gearing chain, an endless
chain transmitted motion from one sprocket wheel to another. See
Illust. of Chain wheel. -- Spur gearing, gearing in which the teeth or
cogs are ranged round either the concave or the convex surface
(properly the latter) of a cylindrical wheel; -- for transmitting
motion between parallel shafts, etc.
Geason
Gea"son (?), a. [OE. gesen, geson, rare, scanty, AS. g barren,
wanting. Cf. Geest.] Rare; wonderful. [Obs.] Spenser.
Geat
Geat (?), n. [See Gate a door.] (Founding) The channel or spout
through which molten metal runs into a mold in casting. [Written also
git, gate.]
Gecarcinian
Ge`car*cin"i*an (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A land crab of the genus
Gecarcinus, or of allied genera.
Geck
Geck (?), n. [D. gek fool, fop; akin to G. geck; cf. Icel. gikkr a
pert, rude person.]
1. Scorn, derision, or contempt. [Prov. Eng.]
2. An object of scorn; a dupe; a gull. [Obs.]
To become the geck and scorn O'the other's villainy. Shak.
Geck
Geck, v. t. [Cf. OD. ghecken, G. gecken. See Geck, n.]
1. To deride; to scorn; to mock. [Prov. Eng.]
2. To cheat; trick, or gull. [Obs.] Johnson.
Geck
Geck, v. i. To jeer; to show contempt. Sir W. Scott.
Gecko
Geck"o (?), n.; pl. Geckoes (#). [Cf. F. & G. gecko; -- so called from
the sound which the animal utters.] (Zo\'94l.) Any lizard of the
family Geckonid\'91. The geckoes are small, carnivorous, mostly
nocturnal animals with large eyes and vertical, elliptical pupils.
Their toes are generally expanded, and furnished with adhesive disks,
by which they can run over walls and ceilings. They are numerous in
warm countries, and a few species are found in Europe and the United
States. See Wall gecko, Fanfoot.
Geckotian
Geck*o"tian (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A gecko.
Ged, Gedd
Ged, Gedd (, n. The European pike.
Gee
Gee (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Geed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Geeing.]
1. To agree; to harmonize. [Colloq. or Prov. Eng.] Forby.
2. [Cf. G. j\'81, interj., used in calling to a horse, It. gi\'95, F.
dia, used to turn a horse to the left.] To turn to the off side, or
from the driver (i.e., in the United States, to the right side); --
said of cattle, or a team; used most frequently in the imperative,
often with off, by drivers of oxen, in directing their teams, and
opposed to haw, or hoi. [Written also jee.]
NOTE: &hand; In England, the teamster walks on the right-hand side
of the cattle; in the United States, on the left-hand side. In all
cases, however, gee means to turn from the driver, and haw to turn
toward him.
Gee ho, OR Gee whoa. Same as Gee.
Gee
Gee, v. t. [See Gee to turn.] To cause (a team) to turn to the off
side, or from the driver. [Written also jee.]
Geer, Geering
Geer (?), Geer"ing. [Obs.] See Gear, Gearing.
Geese
Geese (?), n., pl. of Goose.
Geest
Geest (?), n. [Cf. LG. geest, geestland, sandy, dry and, OFries.
g&emac;st, g&amac;st, g&emac;stlond, g&amac;stlond, fr. Fries.
g&amac;st barren. Cf. Geason.] Alluvial matter on the surface of land,
not of recent origin. R. Jameson.
Geet
Geet (?), n. [See Jet.] Jet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Geez
Geez (?), n. The original native name for the ancient Ethiopic
language or people. See Ethiopic.
Gehenna
Ge*hen"na (?), n. [L. Gehenna, Gr. G.] (Jewish Hist.) The valley of
Hinnom, near Jerusalem, where some of the Israelites sacrificed their
children to Moloch, which, on this account, was afterward regarded as
a place of abomination, and made a receptacle for all the refuse of
the city, perpetual fires being kept up in order to prevent
pestilential effluvia. In the New Testament the name is transferred,
by an easy metaphor, to Hell.
The pleasant valley of Hinnom. Tophet thence And black Gehenna
called, the type of Hell. Milton.
Geic
Ge"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, earthy or
vegetable mold. Geic acid. (Chem.) See Humin.
Gein
Ge"in (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) See Humin.
Geissler tube
Geis"sler tube` (?). (Elec.) A glass tube provided with platinum
electrodes, and containing some gas under very low tension, which
becomes luminous when an electrical discharge is passed through it; --
so called from the name of a noted maker in germany. It is called also
Pl\'81cker tube, from the German physicist who devised it.
Geitonogamy
Gei"to*nog"a*my (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Fertilization of flowers by pollen
from other flowers on the same plant.
Gelable
Gel"a*ble (?), a. [L. gelare to congeal: cf. F. gelable. See Geal.]
Capable of being congealed; capable of being converted into jelly.
Gelada
Gel"a*da (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A baboon (Gelada Ruppelli) of Abyssinia,
remarkable for the length of the hair on the neck and shoulders of the
adult male.
Gelastic
Ge*las"tic (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to laughter; used in laughing.
"Gelastic muscles." Sir T. Browne.
Gelatification
Ge*lat"i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Gelatin + L. -ficare. (in comp.) to make.
See -fy.] (Physiol. Chem.) The formation of gelatin.
Gelatigenous
Gel`a*tig"e*nous (?), n. [Gelatin + -genous.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Producing, or yielding, gelatin; gelatiniferous; as, the gelatigeneous
tissues.
Gelatin, Gelatine
Gel"a*tin, Gel"a*tine (, n. [F. g\'82latine, fr. L. gelare to congeal.
See Geal.] (Chem.) Animal jelly; glutinous material obtained from
animal tissues by prolonged boiling. Specifically (Physiol. Chem.), a
nitrogeneous colloid, not existing as such in the animal body, but
formed by the hydrating action of boiling water on the collagen of
various kinds of connective tissue (as tendons, bones, ligaments,
etc.). Its distinguishing character is that of dissolving in hot
water, and forming a jelly on cooling. It is an important ingredient
of calf's-foot jelly, isinglass, glue, etc. It is used as food, but
its nutritious qualities are of a low order.
NOTE: &hand; Both spellings, gelatin and gelatine, are in good use,
but the tendency of writers on physiological chemistry favors the
form in -in, as in the United States Dispensatory, the United
States Pharmacop\'d2ia, Fownes' Watts' Chemistry, Brande & Cox's
Dictionary.
Blasting gelatin, an explosive, containing about ninety-five parts of
nitroglycerin and five of collodion. -- Gelatin process, a name
applied to a number of processes in the arts, involving the use of
gelatin. Especially: (a) (Photog.) A dry-plate process in which
gelatin is used as a substitute for collodion as the sensitized
material. This is the dry-plate process in general use, and plates of
extreme sensitiveness are produced by it. (b) (Print.) A method of
producing photographic copies of drawings, engravings, printed pages,
etc., and also of photographic pictures, which can be printed from in
a press with ink, or (in some applications of the process) which can
be used as the molds of stereotype or electrotype plates. (c) (Print.
or Copying) A method of producing facsimile copies of an original,
written or drawn in aniline ink upon paper, thence transferred to a
cake of gelatin softened with glycerin, from which impressions are
taken upon ordinary paper. -- Vegetable gelatin. See Gliadin.
Gelatinate
Ge*lat"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gelatinated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Gelatinating.] To convert into gelatin, or into a substance
resembling jelly.
Gelatinate
Ge*lat"i*nate, v. i. To be converted into gelatin, or into a substance
like jelly.
Lapis lazuli, if calcined, does not effervesce, but gelatinates
with the mineral acids. Kirwan.
Gelatination
Ge*lat`i*na"tion (?), n. The act of process of converting into
gelatin, or a substance like jelly.
Gelatine
Gel"a*tine (?), n. Same as Gelatin.
Gelatiniferous
Gel`a*tin*if"er*ous (?), a. [Gelatin + -ferous.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Yielding gelatin on boiling with water; capable of gelatination.
Gelatiniform
Gel`a*tin"i*form (?), a. Having the form of gelatin.
Gelatinization
Ge*lat`i*ni*za"tion (?), n. Same as Gelatination.
Gelatinize
Ge*lat"i*nize (?), v. t.
1. To convert into gelatin or jelly. Same as Gelatinate, v. t.
2. (Photog.) To coat, or otherwise treat, with gelatin.
Gelatinize
Ge*lat"i*nize (?), v. i. Same as Gelatinate, v. i.
Gelatinous
Ge*lat"i*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82latineux.] Of the nature and
consistence of gelatin or the jelly; resembling jelly; viscous.
Gelation
Ge*la"tion (?), n. [L. gelatio a freezing, fr. gelare to freeze.]
(Astron.) The process of becoming solid by cooling; a cooling and
solidifying.
Geld
Geld (?), n. [AS. gild, gield, geld, tribute, payment, fr. gieldan to
pay, render. See Yield.] Money; tribute; compensation; ransom.[Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd occurs in old law books in composition, as
in danegeld, or danegelt, a tax imposed by the Danes; weregeld,
compensation for the life of a man, etc.
Geld
Geld (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gelded or Gelt (p. pr. & vb. n.
Gelding.] [Icel. gelda to castrate; akin to Dan. gilde, Sw. g\'84lla,
and cf. AS. gilte a young sow, OHG. galt dry, not giving milk, G.
gelt, Goth. gilpa siclke.]
1. To castrate; to emasculate.
2. To deprive of anything essential.
Bereft and gelded of his patrimony. Shak.
3. To deprive of anything exceptionable; as, to geld a book, or a
story; to expurgate. [Obs.] Dryden.
Geldable
Geld"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being gelded.
Geldable
Geld"a*ble, a. [From Geld money.] Liable to taxation. [Obs.] Burrill.
Gelder
Geld"er (?), n. One who gelds or castrates.
Gelder-rose
Gel"der-rose (?), n. Same as Guelder-rose.
Gelding
Geld"ing (?), n. [Icel. gelding a gelding, akin to geldingr wether,
eunuch, Sw. g\'84lling gelding, Dan. gilding eunuch. See Geld, v. t.]
A castrated animal; -- usually applied to a horse, but formerly used
also of the human male.
They went down both into the water, Philip and the gelding, and
Philip baptized him. Wyclif (Acts viii. 38).
Gelding
Geld"ing, p. pr. a. & vb. n.. from Geld, v. t.
Gelid
Gel"id (?), a. [L. gelidus, fr. gelun frost, cold. See Cold, and cf.
Congeal, Gelatin, Jelly.] Cold; very cold; frozen. "Gelid founts."
Thompson.
Gelidity
Ge*lid"i*ty (?), n. The state of being gelid.
Gelidly
Gel"id*ly (?), adv. In a gelid manner; coldly.
Gelidness
Gel"id*ness, n. The state of being gelid; gelidity.
Gelly
Gel"ly (?), n. Jelly. [Obs.] Spenser.
Geloscopy
Ge*los"copy (?), n. [Gr. -scopy.] Divination by means of laughter.
Gelose
Ge*lose" (?), n. [See Gelatin.] (Chem.) An amorphous, gummy
carbohydrate, found in Gelidium, agar-agar, and other seaweeds.
Gelsemic
Gel*se"mic (?), a. Gelseminic.
Gelsemine
Gel"se*mine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid obtained from the yellow
jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens), as a bitter white semicrystalline
substance; -- called also gelsemia.
Gelseminic
Gel`se*min"ic (?), n. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the
yellow jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens); as, gelseminic acid, a white
crystalline substance resembling esculin.
Gelsemium
Gel*se"mium (?), n. [NL., fr. It. gelsomino jasmine.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of climbing plants. The yellow (false) jasmine
(Gelsemium sempervirens) is a native of the Southern United States. It
has showy and deliciously fragrant flowers.
2. (Med.) The root of the yellow jasmine, used in malarial fevers,
etc.
Gelt
Gelt (?), n. [See 1st Geld.] Trubute, tax. [Obs.]
All these the king granted unto them . . . free from all gelts and
payments, in a most full and ample manner. Fuller.
Gelt
Gelt, n. [See Gelt, v. t.] A gelding. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Gelt
Gelt, n. Gilding; tinsel. [Obs.] Spenser.
Gem
Gem (?), n. [OE. gemme precious stone, F. gemme, fr. L. gemma a
precious stone, bud.]
1. (Bot.) A bud.
From the joints of thy prolific stem A swelling knot is raised
called a gem. Denham.
2. A precious stone of any kind, as the ruby, emerald, topaz,
sapphire, beryl, spinel, etc., especially when cut and polished for
ornament; a jewel. Milton.
3. Anything of small size, or expressed within brief limits, which is
regarded as a gem on account of its beauty or value, as a small
picture, a verse of poetry, a witty or wise saying.
Artificial gem, an imitation of a gem, made of glass colored with
metallic oxide. Cf. Paste, and Strass.
Gem
Gem v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gemmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gemming]
1. To put forth in the form of buds. "Gemmed their blossoms." [R.]
Milton.
2. To adorn with gems or precious stones.
3. To embellish or adorn, as with gems; as, a foliage gemmed with
dewdrops.
England is . . . gemmed with castles and palaces. W. Irving.
Gemara
Ge*ma"ra (?), n. [Heb.] (Jewish Law) The second part of the Talmud, or
the commentary on the Mishna (which forms the first part or text).
Gemaric
Ge*mar"ic (?), a. Pertaining to the Gemara.
Gemarist
Ge*ma"rist (?), n. One versed in the Gemara, or adhering to its
teachings.
Gemel
Gem"el (?), a. [OF. gemel twin, F. jumeau, L. gemellus twin, doubled,
dim. of geminus. See Gemini, and cf. Gimmal.] (Her.) Coupled; paired.
Bars gemel (Her.), two barrulets placed near and parallel to each
other.
Gemel
Gem"el (?), n.
1. One of the twins. [Obs.] Wyclif.
2. (Heb.) One of the barrulets placed parallel and closed to each
other. Cf. Bars gemel, under Gemel, a.
Two gemels silver between two griffins passant. Strype.
Gemel hinge (Locksmithing), a hinge consisting of an eye or loop and a
hook. -- Gemel ring, a ring with two or more links; a gimbal. See
Gimbal. -- Gemel window, a window with two bays.
Gemellipa-rous
Gem`el*lip"a-rous (?), a. [L. gemellipara, fem., gemellus twin +
parere to bear, produce.] Producing twins. [R.] Bailey.
Geminal
Gem"i*nal (?), a. [L. geminus twin.] A pair. [Obs.] Drayton.
Geminate
Gem"i*nate (?), a. [L. geminatus, p.p. of genimare to double. See
Gemini.] (Bot.) In pairs or twains; two together; binate; twin; as,
geminate flowers. Gray.
Geminate
Gem"i*nate (?), v. t. To double. [R.] B. Jonson.
Gemination
Gem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. geminatio.] A doubling; duplication;
repetition. [R.] Boyle.
Gemini
Gem"i*ni (?), n. pl. [L., twins, pl. of geminus; cf. Skr. j related as
brother or sister.] (Astron.) A constellation of the zodiac,
containing the two bright stars Castor and Pollux; also, the third
sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about May 20th.
Geminiflorous
Gem`i*ni*flo"rous (?), a. [L. geminus twin + flos, floris, flower.]
(Bot.) Having the flowers arranged in pairs.
Geminous
Gem"i*nous (?), a. [L. geminus.] Double; in pairs. Sir T. Browne.
Geminy
Gemi*ny (?), n. [See Gemini.] Twins; a pair; a couple. [Obs.] Shak.
Gemitores
Gem`i*to"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. gemere, gemitum, to sign, moan.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of birds including the true pigeons.
Gemma
Gem"ma (?), n.; pl. Gemm\'91 (#). [L., a bud.]
1. (Bot.) A leaf bud, as distinguished from a flower bud.
2. (Biol.) A bud spore; one of the small spores or buds in the
reproduction of certain Protozoa, which separate one at a time from
the parent cell.
Gemmaceous
Gem*ma"ceous (?), a. Of or pertaining to gems or to gemm\'91; of the
nature of, or resembling, gems or gemm\'91.
Gemmary
Gem"ma*ry (?), a. [L. gemmarius. See Gem.] Of or pertaining to gems.
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Gemmary
Gem"ma*ry (?), n. A receptacle for jewels or gems; a jewel house;
jewels or gems, collectively.
Gemmate
Gem"mate (?), a. [L. gemmatus, p. p. of gemmare to put forth buds, fr.
gemma bud.] (Bot.) Having buds; reproducing by buds.
Gemmated
Gem"ma*ted (?), a. Having buds; adorned with gems or jewels.
Gemmation
Gem*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. gemmation.]
1. (Biol.) The formation of a new individual, either animal or
vegetable, by a process of budding; an asexual method of reproduction;
gemmulation; gemmiparity. See Budding.
2. (Bot.) The arrangement of buds on the stalk; also, of leaves in the
bud.
Gemmeous
Gem"me*ous (?), a. [L. gemmeus. See Gem.] Pertaining to gems; of the
nature of gems; resembling gems. Pennant.
Gemmiferous
Gem*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. gemma bud + -ferous: cf. F. gemmif\'8are.]
Producing gems or buds; (Biol.) multiplying by buds.
Gemmification
Gem`mi*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. gemma bud + -ficare (in comp.) to make.
See -fy.] (Biol.) The production of a bud or gem.
Gemmiflorate
Gem`mi*flo"rate (?), a. [L. gemma bud + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)
Having flowers like buds.
Gemminess
Gem"mi*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being gemmy; spruceness;
smartness.
Gemmipara Gemmipares
Gem*mip"a*ra (?) Gem*mip"a*res (?) n. pl. [NL., fr. L. gemma bud +
parere to produce.] (Zo\'94l.) Animals which increase by budding, as
hydroids.
Gemmiparity
Gem`mi*par"i*ty (?), n. (Biol.) Reproduction by budding; gemmation.
See Budding.
Gemmiparous
Gem*mip"a*rous (?), a. [Cf. F. gemmipare.] (Biol.) Producing buds;
reproducing by buds. See Gemmation, 1.
Gemmosity
Gem*mos"i*ty (?), n. [L. gemmosus set with jewels. See Gem.] The
quality or characteristics of a gem or jewel. [Obs.] Bailey.
Gemmulation
Gem`mu*la"tion (?), n. [From L. gemmula, dim. of gemma bud.] (Biol.)
See Gemmation.
Gemmule
Gem"mule (?), n. [L. gemmula, dim. of gemma: cf. F. gemmule. See Gem.]
1. (Bot.) (a) A little leaf bud, as the plumule between the
cotyledons. (b) One of the buds of mosses. (c) One of the reproductive
spores of alg\'91. (d) An ovule.
2. (Biol.) (a) A bud produced in generation by gemmation. (b) One of
the imaginary granules or atoms which, according to Darwin's
hypothesis of pangenesis, are continually being thrown off from every
cell or unit, and circulate freely throughout the system, and when
supplied with proper nutriment multiply by self-division and
ultimately develop into cells like those from which they were derived.
They are supposed to be transmitted from the parent to the offspring,
but are often transmitted in a dormant state during many generations
and are then developed. See Pangenesis.
Gemmuliferous
Gem`mu*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Gemmule + -ferous.] Bearing or producing
gemmules or buds.
Gemmy
Gem"my (?), a. [From Gem, n.]
1. Full of gems; bright; glittering like a gem.
The gemmy bridle glittered free. Tennyson.
2. Spruce; smart. [Colloq. Eng.]
Gemote
Ge*mote" (?), n. [As. gem an assembly. See Meet, v. t.] (AS. Hist.) A
meeting; -- used in combination, as, Witenagemote, an assembly of the
wise men.
Gems
Gems (?), n. [G.] (Zo\'94l.) The chamois.
Gemsbok
Gems"bok (?), n. [D.; akin to G. gemsbock the male or buck of the
chamois; gemse chamois, goat of the Alps + bock buck.] (Zo\'94l.) A
South African antelope (Oryx Capensis), having long, sharp, nearly
straight horns.
Gems-horn
Gems"-horn` (?), n. [G., prop., chamois horn.] (Mus.) An organ stop
with conical tin pipes.
Gemul
Ge*mul" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small South American deer (Furcifer
Chilensis), with simple forked horns. [Written also guemul.]
-gen
-gen (?). [(1) From Gr. -gen-, from the same root as ge`nos race,
stock (see Genus). (2) From Gr. suffix -genh`s born. Cf. F. -g\'8ane.]
1. A suffix used in scientific words in the sense of producing,
generating: as, amphigen, amidogen, halogen.
2. A suffix meaning produced, generated; as, exogen.
Gena
Ge"na (?), [L., the cheek.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The cheek; the feathered
side of the under mandible of a bird. (b) The part of the head to
which the jaws of an insect are attached.
Genappe
Ge*nappe" (?), n. [From Genappe, in Belgium.] A worsted yarn or cord
of peculiar smoothness, used in the manufacture of braid, fringe, etc.
Simmonds.
Gendarme
Gen`darme" (?), n.; pl. Gendarmes (#), or Gens d'armes. [F.]
1. (Mil.) One of a body of heavy cavalry. [Obs.] [France]
2. An armed policeman in France. Thackeray.
Gendarmery
Gen*darm"er*y (?), n. [F. gendarmerie.] The body of gendarmes.
Gender
Gen"der (?), n. [OF. genre, gendre (with excrescent d.), F.genre, fr.
L. genus, generis, birth, descent, race, kind, gender, fr. the root of
genere, gignere, to beget, in pass., to be born, akin to E. kin. See
Kin, and cf. Generate, Genre, Gentle, Genus.]
1. Kind; sort. [Obs.] "One gender of herbs." Shak.
2. Sex, male or female. [Obs. or Colloq.]
3. (Gram.) A classification of nouns, primarily according to sex; and
secondarily according to some fancied or imputed quality associated
with sex.
Gender is a grammatical distinction and applies to words only. Sex
is natural distinction and applies to living objects. R. Morris.
NOTE: &hand; Ad jectives an d pr onouns ar e said to vary in gender
when the form is varied according to the gender of the words to
which they refer.
Gender
Gen"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gendering.] [OF. gendrer, fr. L. generare. See Gender, n.] To beget;
to engender.
Gender
Gen"der, v. i. To copulate; to breed. [R.] Shak.
Genderless
Gen"der*less, a. Having no gender.
Geneagenesis
Gen`e*a*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Gr. genesis.] (Biol.) Alternate generation.
See under Generation.
Genealogic
Gen`e*a*log"ic (?), a. Genealogical.
Genealogical
Gen`e*a*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82n\'82alogique.] Of or
pertaining to genealogy; as, a genealogical table; genealogical order.
-- Gen`e*a*log"ic*al*ly, adv. Genealogical tree, a family lineage or
genealogy drawn out under the form of a tree and its branches.
Genealogist
Gen`e*al"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. g\'82n\'82alogiste.] One who traces
genealogies or the descent of persons or families.
Genealogize
Gen`e*al"o*gize (?), v. i. To investigate, or relate the history of,
descents.
Genealogy
Gen`e*al"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Genealogies (#). [OE. genealogi, genelogie,
OF. genelogie, F. g\'82n\'82alogie, L. genealogia, fr. Gr. genus) +
1. An account or history of the descent of a person or family from an
ancestor; enumeration of ancestors and their children in the natural
order of succession; a pedigree.
2. Regular descent of a person or family from a progenitor; pedigree;
lineage.
Genearch
Gen"e*arch (?), n. [Gr. The chief of a family or tribe.
Genera
Gen"e*ra (?), n. pl. See Genus.
Generability
Gen`er*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of being generated. Johnstone.
Generable
Gen"er*a*ble (?), a. [L. generabilis.] Capable of being generated or
produced. Bentley.
General
Gen"er*al (?), a. [F. g\'82n\'82ral, fr. L. generalis. See Genus.]
1. Relating to a genus or kind; pertaining to a whole class or order;
as, a general law of animal or vegetable economy.
2. Comprehending many species or individuals; not special or
particular; including all particulars; as, a general inference or
conclusion.
3. Not restrained or limited to a precise import; not specific; vague;
indefinite; lax in signification; as, a loose and general expression.
4. Common to many, or the greatest number; widely spread; prevalent;
extensive, though not universal; as, a general opinion; a general
custom.
This general applause and cheerful sShak.
5. Having a relation to all; common to the whole; as, Adam, our
general sire. Milton.
6. As a whole; in gross; for the most part.
His general behavior vain, ridiculous. Shak.
7. Usual; common, on most occasions; as, his general habit or method.
NOTE: &hand; The word general, annexed to a name of office, usually
denotes chief or superior; as, attorney-general; adjutant general;
commissary general; quartermaster general; vicar-general, etc.
General agent (Law), an agent whom a principal employs to transact all
his business of a particular kind, or to act in his affairs generally.
-- General assembly. See the Note under Assembly. -- General average,
General Court. See under Average, Court. -- General court-martial
(Mil.), the highest military and naval judicial tribunal. -- General
dealer (Com.), a shopkeeper who deals in all articles in common use.
-- General demurrer (Law), a demurrer which objects to a pleading in
general terms, as insufficient, without specifying the defects.
Abbott. -- General epistle, a canonical epistle. -- General guides
(Mil.), two sergeants (called the right, and the left, general guide)
posted opposite the right and left flanks of an infantry battalion, to
preserve accuracy in marching. Farrow. -- General hospitals (Mil.),
hospitals established to receive sick and wounded sent from the field
hospitals. Farrow. General issue (Law), an issue made by a general
plea, which traverses the whole declaration or indictment at once,
without offering any special matter to evade it. Bouvier. Burrill. --
General lien (Law), a right to detain a chattel, etc., until payment
is made of any balance due on a general account. -- General officer
(Mil.), any officer having a rank above that of colonel. -- General
orders (Mil.), orders from headquarters published to the whole
command. -- General practitioner, in the United States, one who
practices medicine in all its branches without confining himself to
any specialty; in England, one who practices both as physician and as
surgeon. -- General ship, a ship not chartered or let to particular
parties. -- General term (Logic), a term which is the sign of a
general conception or notion. -- General verdict (Law), the ordinary
comprehensive verdict in civil actions, "for the plaintiff" or "for
the defendant". Burrill. -- General warrant (Law), a warrant, now
illegal, to apprehend suspected persons, without naming individuals.
Syn. General, Common, Universal. Common denotes primarily that in
which many share; and hence, that which is often met with. General is
stronger, denoting that which pertains to a majority of the
individuals which compose a genus, or whole. Universal, that which
pertains to all without exception. To be able to read and write is so
common an attainment in the United States, that we may pronounce it
general, though by no means universal. Gen"er*al (?), n. [F.
g\'82n\'82ral. See General., a.]
1. The whole; the total; that which comprehends or relates to all, or
the chief part; -- opposed to particular.
In particulars our knowledge begins, and so spreads itself by
degrees to generals. Locke.
2. (Mil.) One of the chief military officers of a government or
country; the commander of an army, of a body of men not less than a
brigade. In European armies, the highest military rank next below
field marshal.
NOTE: &hand; In the United States the office of General of the Army
has been created by temporary laws, and has been held only by
Generals U. S. Grant, W. T. Sherman, and P. H. Sheridan. <-- =
5-star general. Eisenhower? MacArthur? Pershing? -->Popularly, the
title General is given to various general officers, as General,
Lieutenant general, Major general, Brigadier general, Commissary
general, etc. See Brigadier general, Lieutenant general, Major
general, in the Vocabulary.
3. (Mil.) The roll of the drum which calls the troops together; as, to
beat the general.
4. (Eccl.) The chief of an order of monks, or of all the houses or
congregations under the same rule.
5. The public; the people; the vulgar. [Obs.] Shak.
In general, in the main; for the most part.
Generalia
Gen`e*ra"li*a (?), n. pl. [Neut. pl., fr. L. generalis.] Generalities;
general terms. J. S. Mill.
Generalissimo
Gen`er*al*is"si*mo (?), n. [It., superl. of generale general. See
General, a.] The chief commander of an army; especially, the commander
in chief of an army consisting of two or more grand divisions under
separate commanders; -- a title used in most foreign countries.
Generality
Gen`er*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Generalities (#). [L. generalitas: cf. F.
g\'82n\'82ralit\'82. Cf. Generalty.]
1. The state of being general; the quality of including species or
particulars. Hooker.
2. That which is general; that which lacks specificalness,
practicalness, or application; a general or vague statement or phrase.
Let us descend from generalities to particulars. Landor.
The glittering and sounding generalities of natural right which
make up the Declaration of Independence. R. Choate.
3. The main body; the bulk; the greatest part; as, the generality of a
nation, or of mankind.
Generalizable
Gen"er*al*i`za*ble (?), a. Capable of being generalized, or reduced to
a general form of statement, or brought under a general rule.
Extreme cases are . . . not generalizable. Coleridge
Generalization
Gen`er*al*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. g\'82n\'82ralisation.]
1. The act or process of generalizing; the act of bringing individuals
or particulars under a genus or class; deduction of a general
principle from particulars.
Generalization is only the apprehension of the one in the many. Sir
W. Hamilton.
2. A general inference.
Generalize
Gen"er*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Generalized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Generalizing (?).] [Cf. F. g\'82n\'82raliser.]
1. To bring under a genus or under genera; to view in relation to a
genus or to genera.
Copernicus generalized the celestial motions by merely referring
them to the moon's motion. Newton generalized them still more by
referring this last to the motion of a stone through the air. W.
Nicholson.
2. To apply to other genera or classes; to use with a more extensive
application; to extend so as to include all special cases; to make
universal in application, as a formula or rule.
When a fact is generalized, our discontent is quited, and we
consider the generality itself as tantamount to an explanation. Sir
W. Hamilton.
3. To derive or deduce (a general conception, or a general principle)
from particulars.
A mere conclusion generalized from a great multitude of facts.
Coleridge.
Generalize
Gen"er*al*ize, v. i. To form into a genus; to view objects in their
relations to a genus or class; to take general or comprehensive views.
Generalized
Gen"er*al*ized (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Comprising structural characters
which are separated in more specialized forms; synthetic; as, a
generalized type.
Generalizer
Gen"er*al*i`zer (, n. One who takes general or comprehensive views.
Tyndall.
Generally
Gen"er*al*ly, adv.
1. In general; commonly; extensively, though not universally; most
frequently.
2. In a general way, or in general relation; in the main; upon the
whole; comprehensively.
Generally speaking, they live very quietly. Addison.
3. Collectively; as a whole; without omissions. [Obs.]
I counsel that all Israel be generally gathered unto thee. 2 Sam.
xvii. ll.
Generalness
Gen"er*al*ness, n. The condition or quality of being general;
frequency; commonness. Sir P. Sidney.
Generalship
Gen"er*al*ship, n.
1. The office of a general; the exercise of the functions of a
general; -- sometimes, with the possessive pronoun, the personality of
a general.
Your generalship puts me in mind of Prince Eugene. Goldsmith.
2. Military skill in a general officer or commander.
3. Fig.: Leadership; management.
An artful stroke of generalship in Trim to raise a dust. Sterne.
Generalty
Gen"er*al*ty (?), n. Generality. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Generant
Gen"er*ant (?), a. [L. generans, p. pr. of generare.] Generative;
producing; esp. (Geom.), acting as a generant.
Generant
Gen"er*ant, n.
1. That which generates. Glanvill.
2. (Geom.) A generatrix.
Generate
Gen"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Generated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Generating.] [L. generatus, p. p. of generare to generate, fr. genus.
See Genus, Gender.]
1. To beget; to procreate; to propagate; to produce (a being similar
to the parent); to engender; as, every animal generates its own
species.
2. To cause to be; to bring into life. Milton.
3. To originate, especially by a vital or chemical process; to
produce; to cause.
Whatever generates a quantity of good chyle must likewise generate
milk. Arbuthnot.
4. (Math.) To trace out, as a line, figure, or solid, by the motion of
a point or a magnitude of inferior order.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 619
Generation
Gen`er*a"tion (?), n. [OE. generacioun, F. g\'82n\'82ration, fr.L.
generatio.]
1. The act of generating or begetting; procreation, as of animals.
2. Origination by some process, mathematical, chemical, or vital;
production; formation; as, the generation of sounds, of gases, of
curves, etc.
3. That which is generated or brought forth; progeny; offspiring.
4. A single step or stage in the succession of natural descent; a rank
or remove in genealogy. Hence: The body of those who are of the same
genealogical rank or remove from an ancestor; the mass of beings
living at one period; also, the average lifetime of man, or the
ordinary period of time at which one rank follows another, or father
is succeeded by child, usually assumed to be one third of a century;
an age.
This is the book of the generations of Adam. Gen. v. 1.
Ye shall remain there [in Babylon] many years, and for a long
season, namely, seven generations. Baruch vi. 3.
All generations and ages of the Christian church. Hooker.
5. Race; kind; family; breed; stock.
Thy mother's of my generation; what's she, if I be a dog? Shak.
6. (Geom.) The formation or production of any geometrical magnitude,
as a line, a surface, a solid, by the motion, in accordance with a
mathematical law, of a point or a magnitude; as, the generation of a
line or curve by the motion of a point, of a surface by a line, a
sphere by a semicircle, etc.
7. (Biol.) The aggregate of the functions and phenomene which attend
reproduction.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e fo ur mo des of ge neration in the animal
kingdom: scissiparity or by fissiparous generation, gemmiparity or
by budding, germiparity or by germs, and oviparity or by ova.
Alternate generation (Biol.), alternation of sexual with asexual
generation, in which the products of one process differ from those of
the other, -- a form of reproduction common both to animal and
vegetable organisms. In the simplest form, the organism arising from
sexual generation produces offspiring unlike itself, agamogenetically.
These, however, in time acquire reproductive organs, and from their
impregnated germs the original parent form is reproduced. In more
complicated cases, the first series of organisms produced
agamogenetically may give rise to others by a like process, and these
in turn to still other generations. Ultimately, however, a generation
is formed which develops sexual organs, and the original form is
reproduced. -- Spontaneous generation (Biol.), the fancied production
of living organisms without previously existing parents from inorganic
matter, or from decomposing organic matter, a notion which at one time
had many supporters; abiogenesis.
Generative
Gen"er*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82n\'82ratif.] Having the power of
generating, propagating, originating, or producing. "That generative
particle." Bentley.
Generator
Gen"er*a`tor (?), n. [L.]
1. One who, or that which, generates, begets, causes, or produces.
2. An apparatus in which vapor or gas is formed from a liquid or solid
by means of heat or chemical process, as a steam boiler, gas retort,
or vessel for generating carbonic acid gas, etc.
3. (Mus.) The principal sound or sounds by which others are produced;
the fundamental note or root of the common chord; -- called also
generating tone.
Generatrix
Gen`er*a"trix (?), n.; pl. L. Generatrices (#), E. Generatrixes (#).
[L.] (Geom.) That which generates; the point, or the mathematical
magnitude, which, by its motion, generates another magnitude, as a
line, surface, or solid; -- called also describent.
Generic, Generical
Ge*ner"ic (?), Ge*ner"ic*al (?), a. [L. genus, generis, race, kind:
cf. F. g\'82n\'82rique. See Gender.]
1. (Biol.) Pertaining to a genus or kind; relating to a genus, as
distinct from a species, or from another genus; as, a generic
description; a generic difference; a generic name.
2. Very comprehensive; pertaining or appropriate to large classes or
their characteristics; -- opposed to specific.
Generically
Ge*ner"ic*al*ly, adv. With regard to a genus, or an extensive class;
as, an animal generically distinct from another, or two animals or
plants generically allied.
Genericalness
Ge*ner"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of being generic.
Generification
Ge*ner`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. genus kind, class + -ficare (in comp.)
to make. See -fy.] The act or process of generalizing.
Out of this the universal is elaborated by generification. Sir W.
Hamilton.
Generosity
Gen`er*os"i*ty (?), n. [L. generositas: cf. F. g\'82n\'82rosit\'82.]
1. Noble birth. [Obs.] Harris (Voyages).
2. The quality of being noble; noble-mindedness.
Generosity is in nothing more seen than in a candid estimation of
other men's virtues and good qualities. Barrow.
3. Liberality in giving; munificence. Syn. -- Magnanimity; liberality.
Generous
Gen"er*ous (?), a. [F. g\'82n\'82reux, fr. L. generous of noble birth,
noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It.
generoso. See 2d Gender.]
1. Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [Obs.]
The generous and gravest citizens. Shak.
2. Exhibiting those qualities which are popularly reregarded as
belonging to high birth; noble; honorable; magnanimous; spirited;
courageous. "The generous critic." Pope. "His generous spouse." Pope.
"A generous pack [of hounds]." Addison.
3. Open-handed; free to give; not close or niggardly; munificent; as,
a generous friend or father.
4. Characterized by generosity; abundant; overflowing; as, a generous
table. Swift.
5. Full of spirit or strength; stimulating; exalting; as, generous
wine. Syn. -- Magnanimous; bountiful. See Liberal. -- Gen"er*ous*ly,
adv. -- Gen"er*ous*ness, n.
Genesee epoch
Gen`e*see" ep"och (?). (Geol.) The closing subdivision of the Hamilton
period in the American Devonian system; -- so called because the
formations of this period crop out in Genesee, New York.
Genesial
Ge*ne"sial (?), a. Of or relating to generation.
Genesiolgy
Ge*ne`si*ol"gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The doctrine or science of
generation.
Genesis
Gen"e*sis (?), n. [L., from Gr. genus birth, race. See Gender.]
1. The act of producing, or giving birth or origin to anything; the
process or mode of originating; production; formation; origination.
The origin and genasis of poor Sterling's club. Carlyle.
2. The first book of the Old Testament; -- so called by the Greek
translators, from its containing the history of the creation of the
world and of the human race.
3. (Geom.) Same as Generation.
Genet, Genette
Gen"et (?), Ge*nette" (, n. [F. genette, Sp. gineta, fr. Ar. jarnei
1. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of small Carnivora of the genus
Genetta, allied to the civets, but having the scent glands less
developed, and without a pouch.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon ge net (G enetta vu lgaris) of So uthern
Europe, Asia Minor, and North Africa, is dark gray, spotted with
black. The long tail is banded with black and white. The Cape genet
(G. felina), and the berbe (G. pardina), are related African
species.
2. The fur of the common genet (Genetta vulgaris); also, any skin
dressed in imitation of this fur.
Genet
Gen"et (?), n. [See Jennet.] A small-sized, well-proportioned, Spanish
horse; a jennet. Shak.
Genethliac
Ge*neth"li*ac (?), a. [L. genethliacus, Gr. Pertaining to nativities;
calculated by astrologers; showing position of stars at one's birth.
Howell.
Genethliac
Ge*neth"li*ac, n.
1. A birthday poem.
2. One skilled in genethliacs.
Genethliacal
Gen`eth*li"a*cal (?), a. Genethliac.
Genethliacs
Ge*neth"li*acs (?), n. The science of calculating nativities, or
predicting the future events of life from the stars which preside at
birth. Jhonson.
Genethlialogy
Ge*neth`li*al"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. Divination as to the destinies of one
newly born; the act or art of casting nativities; astrology.
Genethliatic
Ge*neth`li*at"ic (?), n. One who calculates nativities. Sir W.
Drummond.
Genetic
Ge*net"ic (?), a. Same as Genetical.
Genetical
Ge*net"ic*al (?), a. [See Genesis.] Pertaining to, concerned with, or
determined by, the genesis of anything, or its natural mode of
production or development.
This historical, genetical method of viewing prior systems of
philosophy. Hare.
Genetically
Ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv. In a genetical manner.
Geneva
Ge*ne"va (?), n. The chief city of Switzerland. Geneva Bible, a
translation of the Bible into English, made and published by English
refugees in Geneva (Geneva, 1560; London, 1576). It was the first
English Bible printed in Roman type instead of the ancient black
letter, the first which recognized the division into verses, and the
first which ommited the Apocrypha. In form it was a small quarto, and
soon superseded the large folio of Cranmer's translation. Called also
Genevan Bible. -- Geneva convention (Mil.), an agreement made by
representatives of the great continental powers at Geneva and signed
in 1864, establishing new and more humane regulation regarding the
treatment of the sick and wounded and the status of those who minister
to them in war. Ambulances and military hospitals are made neutral,
and this condition affects physicians, chaplains, nurses, and the
ambulance corps. Great Britain signed the convention in 1865. --
Geneva cross (Mil.), a red Greek cross on a white ground; -- the flag
and badge adopted in the Geneva convention.
Geneva
Ge*ne"va (?), n. [F. geni\'8avre juniper, juniper berry, gin, OF.
geneivre juniper, fr. L. juniperus the juniper tree: cf. D. jenever,
fr. F. geni\'8avre. See Juniper, and cf. Gin a liquor.] A strongly
alcoholic liquor, flavores with juniper berries; -- made in Holland;
Holland gin; Hollands.
Genevan
Ge*ne"van (?), a. Of or pertaining to Geneva, in Switzerland;
Genevese.
Genevan
Ge*ne"van, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Geneva.
2. A supported of Genevanism.
Genevanism
Ge*ne"van*ism (?), n. [From Geneva, where Calvin resided.] Strict
Calvinism. Bp. Montagu.
Genevese
Gen`e*vese" (?), a. [Cf. L. Genevensis, F. g\'82nevois.] Of or
pertaining to Geneva, in Switzerland; Genevan. -- n. sing. & pl. A
native or inhabitant of Geneva; collectively, the inhabitants of
Geneva; people of Geneva.
Genial
Ge*ni"al (?), a. (Anat.) Same as Genian.
Genial
Gen"ial (?), a. [L. genialis: cf. OF. genial. See Genius.]
1. Contributing to, or concerned in, propagation or production;
generative; procreative; productive. "The genial bed." Milton.
Creator Venus, genial power of love. Dryden.
2. Contributing to, and sympathizing with, the enjoyment of life;
sympathetically cheerful and cheering; jovial and inspiring joy or
happiness; exciting pleasure and sympathy; enlivening; kindly; as, she
was of a cheerful and genial disposition.
So much I feel my genial spirits droop. Milton.
3. Belonging to one's genius or natural character; native; natural;
inborn. [Obs.]
Natural incapacity and genial indisposition. Sir T. Browne.
4. Denoting or marked with genius [R.]
Men of genius have often attached the highest value to their less
genial works. Hare.
Genial gods (Pagan Mythol.), the powers supposed to preside over
marriage and generation.
Geniality
Ge`ni*al"i*ty (?), n. [L. genialitas.] The quality of being genial;
sympathetic cheerfulness; warmth of disposition and manners.
Genially
Gen"ial*ly (?), adv.
1. By genius or nature; naturally. [Obs.]
Some men are genially disposed to some opinions. Glanvill.
2. Gayly; cheerfully. Johnson.
Genialness
Gen"ial*ness, n. The quality of being genial.
Genian
Ge*ni"an (?), a. [Gr. Chin.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the chin;
mental; as, the genian prominence.
Geniculate
Ge*nic"u*late (?), a. [L. geniculatus, fr. geniculum little knee, knot
or joint, dim. of genu knee. See Knee.] Bent abruptly at an angle,
like the knee when bent; as, a geniculate stem; a geniculate ganglion;
a geniculate twin crystal.
Geniculate
Ge*nic"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Geniculated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Geniculating.] To form joints or knots on. [R.] Cockeram.
Geniculated
Ge*nic"u*la`ted (?), a. Same as Geniculate.
Geniculation
Ge*nic`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. geniculatio a kneeling.]
1. The act of kneeling. [R.] Bp. Hall.
2. The state of being bent abruptly at an angle.
G\'82nie
G\'82`nie (?), n. [F.] See Genius.
Genio
Ge"ni*o (?), n. [It. See Genius.] A man of a particular turn of mind.
[R.] Tatler.
Geniohyoid
Ge`ni*o*hy"oid (?), a. [Gr. hyoid.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
chin and hyoid bone; as, the geniohyoid muscle.
Genipap
Gen"i*pap (?), n. (Bot.) The edible fruit of a West Indian tree
(Genipa Americana) of the order Rubiace\'91. It is oval in shape, as a
large as a small orange, of a pale greenish color, and with dark
purple juice.
Genista
Ge*nis"ta (?), n. [L., broom.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the
common broom of Western Europe.
Genital
Gen"i*tal (?), a. [L. genitalis, fr. genere, gignere, to beget: cf. F.
g\'82nital. See Gender.] Pertaining to generation, or to the
generative organs. Genital cord (Anat.), a cord developed in the fetus
by the union of portions of the Wolffian and M\'81llerian ducts and
giving rise to parts of the urogenital passages in both sexes.
Genitals
Gen"i*tals (?), n. pl. [From Genital, a.: cf. L. genitalia.] The
organs of generation; the sexual organs; the private parts.
Geniting
Gen"i*ting (?), n. [See Jenneting.] A species of apple that ripens
very early. Bacon.
Genitival
Gen`i*ti"val (?), a. Possessing genitive from; pertaining to, or
derived from, the genitive case; as, a genitival adverb. --
Gen`i*ti"val*ly, adv.
Genitive
Gen"i*tive (?), a. [L. genitivus, fr. gignere, genitum, to beget: cf.
F. g\'82nitif. See Gender.] (Gram.) Of or pertaining to that case (as
the second case of Latin and Greek nouns) which expresses source or
possession. It corresponds to the possessive case in English.
Genitive
Gen"i*tive, n. (Gram.) The genitive case. Genitive absolute, a
construction in Greek similar to the ablative absolute in Latin. See
Ablative absolute.
Genitocrural
Gen`i*to*cru"ral (?), a. [Genital + crural.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the
genital organs and the thigh; -- applied especially to one of the
lumbar nerves.
Genitor
Gen"i*tor (?), n. [L.]
1. One who begets; a generator; an originator. Sheldon.
2. pl. The genitals. [Obs.] Holland.
Genitourinary
Gen`i*to*u"ri*na*ry (?), a. [Genital + urinary.] (Anat.) See
Urogenital.
Geniture
Gen"i*ture (?), n. [L. genitura: cf. F. g\'82niture.] Generation;
procreation; birth. Dryden.
Genius
Gen"ius (?), n.; pl. E. Geniuses (#); in sense 1, L. Genii (#). [L.
genius, prop., the superior or divine nature which is innate in
everything, the spirit, the tutelar deity or genius of a person or
place, taste, talent, genius, from genere, gignere, to beget, bring
forth. See Gender, and cf. Engine.]
1. A good or evil spirit, or demon, supposed by the ancients to
preside over a man's destiny in life; a tutelary deity; a supernatural
being; a spirit, good or bad. Cf. Jinnee.
The unseen genius of the wood. Milton.
We talk of genius still, but with thought how changed! The genius
of Augustus was a tutelary demon, to be sworn by and to receive
offerings on an altar as a deity. Tylor.
2. The peculiar structure of mind with whoch each individual is
endowed by nature; that disposition or aptitude of mind which is
peculiar to each man, and which qualifies him for certain kinds of
action or special success in any pursuit; special taste, inclination,
or disposition; as, a genius for history, for poetry, or painting.
3. Peculiar character; animating spirit, as of a nation, a religion, a
language.
4. Distinguished mental superiority; uncommon intellectual power;
especially, superior power of invention or origination of any kind, or
of forming new combinations; as, a man of genius.
Genius of the highest kind implies an unusual intensity of the
modifyng power. Coleridge.
5. A man endowed with uncommon vigor of mind; a man of superior
intellectual faculties; as, Shakespeare was a rare genius. Syn. --
Genius, Talent. Genius implies high and peculiar gifts of nature,
impelling the mind to certain favorite kinds of mental effort, and
producing new combinations of ideas, imagery, etc. Talent supposes
general strength of intellect, with a peculiar aptitude for being
molded and directed to specific employments and valuable ends and
purposes. Genius is connected more or less with the exercise of
imagination, and reaches its ends by a kind of intuitive power. Talent
depends more on high mental training, and a perfect command of all the
faculties, memory, judgment, sagacity, etc. Hence we speak of a genius
for poetry, painting. etc., and a talent for business or diplomacy.
Among English orators, Lord Chatham was distinguished for his genius;
William Pitt for his pre\'89minent talents, and especially his
unrivaled talent for debate.
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Genius loci ( [L.], the genius or presiding divinity of a place;
hence, the pervading spirit of a place or institution, as of a
college, etc.
Genoese
Gen`o*ese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Genoa, a city of Italy. -- n.
sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Genoa; collectively, the people
of Genoa.
Genouill\'8are
Ge*nouil`l\'8are" (?), n. [F.]
1. (Anc. Armor) A metal plate covering the knee.
2. (Fort.) That part of a parapet which lies between the gun platform
and the bottom of an embrasure.
-genous
-ge*nous. [-gen + -ous.] A suffix signifying producing, yielding; as,
alkaligenous; endogenous.
Genre
Genre (?), n. [F. See Gender.] (Fine Arts) A style of painting,
sculpture, or other imitative art, which illustrates everyday life and
manners.
Gens
Gens (?), n.; pl. Gentes (#). [L. See Gentle, a.] (Rom. Hist.)
1. A clan or family connection, embracing several families of the same
stock, who had a common name and certain common religious rites; a
subdivision of the Roman curia or tribe.
2. (Ethnol.) A minor subdivision of a tribe, among American
aborigines. It includes those who have a common descent, and bear the
same totem.
Gent
Gent (?), a. [OF. gent, fr. L. genitus born, or (less prob.) fr.
gentilis. See Genteel.]
1. Gentle; noble; of gentle birth. [Obs.]
All of a knight [who] was fair and gent. Chaucer.
2. Neat; pretty; fine; elegant. [Obs.] Spenser.
Her body gent and small. Chaucer.
Genteel
Gen*teel" (?), a. [F. gentil noble, pretty, graceful. See Gentle.]
1. Possessing or exhibiting the qualities popularly regarded as
belonging to high birth and breeding; free from vulgarity, or lowness
of taste or behavior; adapted to a refined or cultivated taste;
polite; well-bred; as, genteel company, manners, address.
2. Graceful in mien or form; elegant in appearance, dress, or manner;
as, the lady has a genteel person. Law.
3. Suited to the position of lady or a gentleman; as, to live in a
genteel allowance. Syn. -- Polite; well-bred; refined; polished.
Genteelish
Gen*teel"ish, a. Somewhat genteel.
Genteelly
Gen*teel"ly, adv. In a genteel manner.
Genteelness
Gen*teel"ness, n. The quality of being genteel.
Genterie, Gentrie
Gen"ter*ie (?), Gen"trie (, n. [OE. See Gentry.] Nobility of birth or
of character; gentility. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gentian
Gen"tian (?), n. [OE. genciane, F. gentiane, L. gentiana, fr. Gentius,
an Illyrian king, said to have discovered its properties.] (Bot.) Any
one of a genus (Gentiana) of herbaceous plants with opposite leaves
and a tubular four- or five-lobed corolla, usually blue, but sometimes
white, yellow, or red. See Illust. of Capsule.
NOTE: &hand; Ma ny sp ecies ar e fo und on the highest mountains of
Europe, Asia, and America, and some are prized for their beauty, as
the Alpine (Gentiana verna, Bavarica, and excisa), and the American
fringed gentians (G. crinita and G. detonsa). Several are used as
tonics, especially the bitter roots of Gentiana lutea, the
officinal gentian of the pharmacop&oe;ias.
Horse gentian, fever root. -- Yellow gentian (Bot.), the officinal
gentian (Gentiana lutea). See Bitterwort.
Gentianaceous
Gen`tian*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of
plants (Gentianace\'91) of which the gentian is the type.
Gentianella
Gen`tian*el"la (?), n. [See Gentian.] A kind of blue color. Johnson.
Gentianic
Gen`ti*an"ic (?), a. Pertaining to or derived from the gentian; as,
gentianic acid.
Gentianine
Gen"tian*ine (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter, crystallizable substance
obtained from gentian.
Gentianose
Gen"tian*ose` (?), n. (Chem.) A crystallizable, sugarlike substance,
with a slightly sweetish taste, obtained from the gentian.
Gentil
Gen"til (?), a. & n. Gentle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gentile
Gen"tile (?), n. [L. gentilis belonging to the same clan, stock, race,
people, or nation; in opposition to Roman, a foreigner; in opposition
to Jew or Christian, a heathen: cf. F. gentil. See Gentle, a.] One of
a non-Jewish nation; one neither a Jew nor a Christian; a worshiper of
false gods; a heathen.
NOTE: &hand; The Hebrews included in the term g\'d3yim, or nations,
all the tribes of men who had not received the true faith, and were
not circumcised. The Christians translated g\'d3yim by the L.
gentes, and imitated the Jews in giving the name gentiles to all
nations who were neither Jews nor Christians. In civil affairs, the
denomination was given to all nations who were not Romans.
Syn. -- Pagan; heathen. See Pagan.
Gentile
Gen"tile, a.
1. Belonging to the nations at large, as distinguished from the Jews;
ethnic; of pagan or heathen people.
2. (Gram.) Denoting a race or country; as, a gentile noun or
adjective.
Gentile-falcon
Gen"tile-fal`con (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Falcon-gentil.
Gentilesse
Gen`ti*lesse" (?), n. [OF. gentilesse, gentelise, F. gentillesse. See
Gentle. a.] Gentleness; courtesy; kindness; nobility. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gentilish
Gen"til*ish (?), a. Heathenish; pagan.
Gentilism
Gen"til*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. gentilisme.]
1. Hethenism; paganism; the worship of false gods.
2. Tribal feeling; devotion to one's gens.
Gentilitial, Gentilitious
Gen`ti*li"tial (?), Gen`ti*li"tious (?), a. [L. gentilitius. See
Gentile.] [Obs.]
1. Peculiar to a people; national. Sir T. Browne.
2. Hereditary; entailed on a family. Arbuthnot.
Gentility
Gen*til"i*ty (?), n. [L. gentilitas the relationship of those who
belong to the same clan, also, heathenism: cf. F. gentilit\'82
heathenism. See Gentile.]
1. Good extraction; dignity of birth. Macaulay.
He . . . mines my gentility with my education. Shak.
2. The quality or qualities appropriate to those who are well born, as
self-respect, dignity, courage, courtesy, politeness of manner, a
graceful and easy mien and behavior, etc.; good breeding.
3. The class in society who are, or are expected to be, genteel; the
gentry. [R.] Sir J. Davies.
4. Paganism; heathenism. [Obs.] Hooker.
Gentilize
Gen"til*ize (?), v. i. [See Gentile.]
1. To live like a gentile or heathen. [Obs.] Milton.
2. To act the gentleman; -- with it (see It, 5). [Obs.]
Gentilize
Gen"til*ize, v. i. To render gentile or gentlemanly; as, to gentilize
your unworthy sones. [R.] Sylvester.
Gentilly
Gen"til*ly (?), adv. [From Gentil, a.] In a gentle or hoble manner;
frankly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gentiopikrin
Gen`ti*o*pi"krin (?), n. [Gentian + Gr. (Chem.) A bitter, yellow,
crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and obtained from the
gentian.
Gentisin
Gen"ti*sin (?), n. (Chem.) A tasteless, yellow, crystalline substance,
obtained from the gentian; -- called also gentianin.
Gentle
Gen"tle (?), a. [Compar. Gentler (?); superl. Gentlest (?).] [OE.
gentil, F. gentil noble, pretty, graceful, fr. L. gentilis of the same
clan or race, fr. gens, gentis, tribe, clan, race, orig. that which
belongs together by birth, fr. the root of genere, gignere, to beget;
hence gentle, properly, of birth or family, that is, of good or noble
birth. See Gender, and cf. Genteel, Gentil, Gentile, Gentoo, Jaunty.]
1. Well-born; of a good family or respectable birth, though not noble.
British society is divided into nobility, gentry, and yeomanry, and
families are either noble, gentle, or simple. Johnson's Cyc.
The studies wherein our noble and gentle youth ought to bestow
their time. Milton.
2. Quiet and refined in manners; not rough, harsh, or stern; mild;
meek; bland; amiable; tender; as, a gentle nature, temper, or
disposition; a gentle manner; a gentle address; a gentle voice.
3. A compellative of respect, consideration, or conciliation; as,
gentle reader. "Gentle sirs." "Gentle Jew." "Gentle servant." Shak.
4. Not wild, turbulent, or refractory; quiet and docile; tame;
peaceable; as, a gentle horse.
5. Soft; not violent or rough; not strong, loud, or disturbing; easy;
soothing; pacific; as, a gentle touch; a gentle gallop. "Gentle
music." Sir J. Davies.
O sleep! it is a gentle thing. Coleridge.
The gentle craft, the art or trade of shoemaking. Syn. -- Mild; meek;
placid; dovelike; quiet; peaceful; pacific; bland; soft; tame;
tractable; docile. -- Gentle, Tame, Mild, Meek. Gentle describes the
natural disposition; tame, that which is subdued by training; mild
implies a temper which is, by nature, not easily provoked; meek, a
spirit which has been schooled to mildness by discipline or suffering.
The lamb is gentle; the domestic fowl is tame; John, the Apostle, was
mild; Moses was meek.
Gentle
Gen"tle, n.
1. One well born; a gentleman. [Obs.]
Gentles, methinks you frown. Shak.
2. A trained falcon. See Falcon-gentil.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A dipterous larva used as fish bait.
Gentle
Gent"le, v. t.
1. To make genteel; to raise from the vulgar; to ennoble. [Obs.]
Shak.
2. To make smooth, cozy, or agreeable. [R. or Poet.]
To gentle life's descent, We shut our eyes, and think it is a
plain. Young.
3. To make kind and docile, as a horse. [Colloq.]
Gentlefolk, Gentlefolks
Gen"tle*folk` (?), Gen"tle*folks` (, n. pl. Persons of gentle or
good family and breeding. [Generally in the United States in the
plural form.] Shak.
Gentle-hearted
Gen"tle-heart`ed (?), a. Having a kind or gentle disposition. Shak.
-- Gen"tle-heart`ed*ness, n.
Gentleman
Gen"tle*man (?), n.; pl. Gentlemen (#). [OE. gentilman nobleman;
gentil noble + man man; cf. F. gentilhomme.]
1. A man well born; one of good family; one above the condition of
a yeoman.
2. One of gentle or refined manners; a well-bred man.
3. (Her.) One who bears arms, but has no title.
4. The servant of a man of rank.
The count's gentleman, one Cesario. Shak.
5. A man, irrespective of condition; -- used esp. in the plural (=
citizens; people), in addressing men in popular assemblies, etc.
NOTE: &hand; In Gr eat Britain, the term gentleman is applied in a
limited sense to those having coats of arms, but who are without a
title, and, in this sense, gentlemen hold a middle rank between the
nobility and yeomanry. In a more extended sense, it includes every
man above the rank of yeoman, comprehending the nobility. In the
United States, the term is applied to men of education and good
breeding of every occupation.
Gentleman commoner, one of the highest class of commoners at the
University of Oxford. -- Gentleman usher, one who ushers visitors into
the presence of a sovereign, etc. -- Gentleman usher of the black rod,
an usher belonging to the Order of the Garter, whose chief duty is to
serve as official messenger of the House of Lords. --
Gentlemen-at-arms, a band of forty gentlemen who attend the sovereign
on state occasions; formerly called gentlemen pensioners. [Eng.]
Gentlemanhood
Gen"tle*man*hood (?), n. The qualities or condition of a gentleman.
[R.] Thackeray.
Gentlemanlike, Gentlemanly
Gen"tle*man*like` (?), Gen"tle*man*ly (?), a. Of, pertaining to,
resembling, or becoming, a gentleman; well-behaved; courteous; polite.
Gentlemanliness
Gen"tle*man*li*ness (?), n. The state of being gentlemanly;
gentlemanly conduct or manners.
Gentlemanship
Gen"tle*man*ship, n. The carriage or quality of a gentleman.
Gentleness
Gen"tle*ness, n. The quality or state of being gentle, well-born,
mild, benevolent, docile, etc.; gentility; softness of manners,
disposition, etc.; mildness.
Gentleship
Gen"tle*ship, n. The deportment or conduct of a gentleman. [Obs.]
Ascham.
Gentlesse
Gent"lesse (?), n. Gentilesse; gentleness. [Obs.]
Gentlewoman
Gen"tle*wom`an (?), n.; pl. Gentlewomen (.
1. A woman of good family or of good breeding; a woman above the
vulgar. Bacon.
2. A woman who attends a lady of high rank. Shak.
Gently
Gen"tly (?), adv. In a gentle manner.
My mistress gently chides the fault I made. Dryden.
Gentoo
Gen*too" (?), n.; pl. Gentoos (#). [Pg. gentio gentile, heathen. See
Gentile.] A native of Hindostan; a Hindoo. [Archaic]
Gentry
Gen"try (?), n. [OE. genterie, gentrie, noble birth, nobility, cf.
gentrise, and OF. gentelise, genterise, E. gentilesse, also OE.
genteleri high-mindedness. See Gent, a., Gentle, a.]
1. Birth; condition; rank by birth. [Obs.] "Pride of gentrie."
Chaucer.
She conquers him by high almighty Jove, By knighthood, gentry, and
sweet friendship's oath. Shak.
2. People of education and good breeding; in England, in a restricted
sense, those between the nobility and the yeomanry. Macaulay.
3. Courtesy; civility; complaisance. [Obs.]
To show us so much gentry and good will. Shak.
Genty
Gen"ty (?), a. [From F. gentil. Cf. Jaunty.] Neat; trim. [Scot.]
Burns.
Genu
Ge"nu (?), n.; pl. Genua (#). [L., the knee.] (Anat.) (a) The knee.
(b) The kneelike bend, in the anterior part of the callosum of the
brain.
Genuflect
Gen`u*flect" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Genuflected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Genuflecting.] [See Genuflection.] To bend the knee, as in worship.
Genuflection
Gen`u*flec"tion (?), n. [F. g\'82nuflexion, fr. LL. genuflexio, fr. L.
genu knee + flexio a bending, fr. flectere, flexum, to bend. See Knee,
Flexible.] The act of bending the knee, particularly in worship. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Genuine
Gen"u*ine (?), a. [L. genuinus, fr. genere, gignere, to beget, in
pass., to be born: cf. F. g\'82nuine. See Gender.] Belonging to, or
proceeding from, the original stock; native; hence, not counterfeit,
spurious, false, or adulterated; authentic; real; natural; true; pure;
as, a genuine text; a genuine production; genuine materials. "True,
genuine night." Dryden. Syn. -- Authentic; real; true; pure;
unalloyed; unadulterated. See Authentic. -- Gen"u*ine*ly, adv. --
Gen"u*ine*ness, n.
The evidence, both internal and external, against the genuineness
of these letters, is overwhelming. Macaulay.
Genus
Ge"nus (?), n.; pl. Genera (#). [L., birth, race, kind, sort; akin to
Gr. Gender, and cf. Benign.]
1. (Logic) A class of objects divided into several subordinate
species; a class more extensive than a species; a precisely defined
and exactly divided class; one of the five predicable conceptions, or
sorts of terms.
2. (Biol.) An assemblage of species, having so many fundamental points
of structure in common, that in the judgment of competent scientists,
they may receive a common substantive name. A genus is not necessarily
the lowest definable group of species, for it may often be divided
into several subgenera. In proportion as its definition is exact, it
is natural genus; if its definition can not be made clear, it is more
or less an artificial genus.
NOTE: &hand; Th us in the animal kingdom the lion, leopard, tiger,
cat, and panther are species of the Cat kind or genus, while in the
vegetable kingdom all the species of oak form a single genus. Some
genera are represented by a multitude of species, as Solanum
(Nightshade) and Carex (Sedge), others by few, and some by only one
known species.
Subaltern genus (Logic), a genus which may be a species of a higher
genus, as the genus denoted by quadruped, which is also a species of
mammal. -- Summum genus [L.] (Logic), the highest genus; a genus which
can not be classed as a species, as being .
Genys
Ge"nys (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See Conys.
Geocentric, Geocentrical
Ge`o*cen"tric (?), Ge`o*cen"tric*al (?), a. [Gr. g\'82ocentrique.]
(Astron.) (a) Having reference to the earth as center; in relation to
or seen from the earth, -- usually opposed to heliocentric, as seen
from the sun; as, the geocentric longitude or latitude of a planet.
(b) Having reference to the center of the earth. Geocentric latitude
(of place) the angle included between the radius of the earth through
the place and the plane of the equator, in distinction from geographic
latitude. It is a little less than the geographic latitude.
Geocentrically
Ge`o*cen"tric*al*ly, adv. In a geocentric manner.
Geocronite
Ge*oc"ro*nite (?), n. [Gr. geokronit.] (Min.) A lead-gray or grayish
blue mineral with a metallic luster, consisting of sulphur, antimony,
and lead, with a small proportion of arsenic.
Geocyclic
Ge`o*cyc"lic (?), a. [Gr.
1. Of, pertaining to, or illustrating, the revolutions of the earth;
as, a geocyclic machine.
2. Circling the earth periodically.
Geode
Ge"ode (?), n. [F. g\'82ode, L. geodes, fr. Gr. (Min.) (a) A nodule of
stone, containing a cavity, lined with crystals or mineral matter. (b)
The cavity in such a nodule.
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Geodephagous
Ge`o*deph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Living in the earth; --
applied to the ground beetles.
Geodesic, Geodesical
Ge`o*des"ic (?), Ge`o*des"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82od\'82sique.]
(Math.) Of or pertaining to geodetic.
Geodesic
Ge`o*des"ic, n. A geodetic line or curve.
Geodesist
Ge*od"e*sist (?), n. One versed in geodesy.
Geodesy
Ge*od"e*sy (?), n. [Gr. g\'82od\'82sie.] (Math.) That branch of
applied mathematics which determines, by means of observations and
measurements, the figures and areas of large portions of the earth's
surface, or the general figure and dimenshions of the earth; or that
branch of surveying in which the curvature of the earth is taken into
account, as in the surveys of States, or of long lines of coast.
Geodetic, Geodetical
Ge`o*det"ic (?), Ge`o*det"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to gebdesy;
obtained or determined by the operations of geodesy; engaged in
geodesy; geodesic; as, geodetic surveying; geodetic observers.
Geodetic line OR curve, the shortest line that can be drawn between
two points on the elipsoidal surface of the earth; a curve drawn on
any given surface so that the osculating plane of the curve at every
point shall contain the normal to the surface; the minimum line that
can be drawn on any surface between any two points.
Geodetically
Ge`o*det"ic*al*ly, adv. In a geodetic manner; according to geodesy.
Geodetics
Ge`o*det"ics (?), n. Same as Geodesy.
Geodiferous
Ge`o*dif"er*ous (?), a. [Geode + -ferous.] (Min.) Producing geodes;
containing geodes.
Geoduck
Ge"o*duck (?), n. [American Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A gigantic clam
(Glycimeris generosa) of the Pacific coast of North America, highly
valued as an article of food.
Geognosis
Ge`og*no"sis (?), n. [See Geognosy.] Knowledge of the earth. [R.] G.
Eliot.
Geognost
Ge"og*nost (?), n. [Cf. F. g\'82ognoste.] One versed in geognosy; a
geologist. [R.]
Geognostic, Geognostical
Ge`og*nos"tic (?), Ge`og*nos"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82ognostique.]
Of or pertaining to geognosy, or to a knowledge of the structure of
the earth; geological. [R.]
Geognosy
Ge*og"no*sy (?), n. [Gr. g\'82ognosie.] That part of geology which
treats of the materials of the earth's structure, and its general
exterior and interior constitution.
Geogonic, Geogonical
Ge`o*gon"ic (?), Ge`o*gon"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82ogonique.] Of or
pertaining to geogony, or to the formation of the earth.
Geogony
Ge*og"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. g\'82ogonie.] The branch of science which
treats of the formation of the earth.
Geographer
Ge*og"ra*pher (?), n. One versed in geography.
Geographic, Geographical
Ge`o*graph"ic (?), Ge`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [L. geographicus, Gr.
g\'82ographique.] Of or pertaining to geography. Geographical
distribution. See under Distribution. -- Geographic latitude (of a
place), the angle included between a line perpendicular or normal to
the level surface of water at rest at the place, and the plane of the
equator; differing slightly from the geocentric latitude by reason of
the difference between the earth's figure and a true sphere. --
Geographical mile. See under Mile. -- Geographical variation, any
variation of a species which is dependent on climate or other
geographical conditions.
Geographically
Ge`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In a geographical manner or method;
according to geography.
Geography
Ge*og"ra*phy (?), n.; pl. Geographies (#). [F. g\'82ographie, l.
geographia, fr. Gr. Graphic.]
1. The science which treats of the world and its inhabitants; a
description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its
structure, fetures, products, political divisions, and the people by
whom it is inhabited.
2. A treatise on this science.
Astronomical, or Mathematical, geography treats of the earth as a
planet, of its shape, its size, its lines of latitude and longitude,
its zones, and the phenomena due to to the earth's diurnal and annual
motions. -- Physical geography treats of the conformation of the
earth's surface, of the distribution of land and water, of minerals,
plants, animals, etc., and applies the principles of physics to the
explanation of the diversities of climate, productions, etc. --
Political geography treats of the different countries into which earth
is divided with regard to political and social and institutions and
conditions.
Geolatry
Ge*ol"a*try (?), n. [Gr. The worship of the earth. G. W. Cox.
CAPTION: The Geological Series.
NOTE: &hand; Th e science of geology, as treating of the history of
the globe, involves a description of the different strata which
compose its crust, their order of succession, characteristic forms
of animal and vegetable life, etc. The principal subdivisions of
geological time, and the most important strata, with their relative
positions, are indicated in the following diagram.
<-- illustration of geological periods, with rock layers, takes one
column from top to bottom of the page here -->
Geologer, Geologian
Ge*ol"o*ger (?), Ge`o*lo"gi*an (?), n. A geologist.
Geologic, Geological
Ge`o*log"ic (?), Ge`o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82ologique.] Of or
pertaining to geology, or the science of the earth.
Geologically
Ge`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv. In a geological manner.
Geologist
Ge*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. G\'82ologiste.] One versed in the science
of geology.
Geologize
Ge*ol"o*gize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Geologized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Geologizing (?).] To study geology or make geological investigations
in the field; to discourse as a geologist.
During midsummer geologized a little in Shropshire. Darwin.
Geology
Ge*ol"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Geologies (#). [Gr. -logy: cf. F.
g\'82ologie.]
1. The science which treats: (a) Of the structure and mineral
constitution of the globe; structural geology. (b) Of its history as
regards rocks, minerals, rivers, valleys, mountains, climates, life,
etc.; historical geology. (c) Of the causes and methods by which its
structure, features, changes, and conditions have been produced;
dynamical geology. See Chart of The Geological Series.
2. A treatise on the science.
Geomalism
Ge*om"a*lism (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The tendency of an organism to
respond, during its growth, to the force of gravitation.
Geomancer
Ge"o*man`cer (?), n. One who practices, or is versed in, geomancy.
Geomancy
Ge"o*man`cy (?), n. [OE. geomance, geomancie, F. g\'82omance,
g\'82omancie, LL. geomantia, fr. Gr. A kind of divination by means of
figures or lines, formed by little dots or points, originally on the
earth, and latterly on paper.
Geomantic, Geomantical
Ge`o*man"tic (?), Ge`o*man"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82omantique.]
Pertaining or belonging to geomancy.
Geometer
Ge*om"e*ter (?), n. [F. g\'82om\'8atre, L. geometres, geometra, fr.
Gr. Meter measure.]
1. One skilled in geometry; a geometrician; a mathematician. I. Watts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of geometrid moth; a geometrid.
Geometral
Ge*om"e*tral (?), a. [Cf. F. g\'82om\'82tral.] Pertaining to geometry.
[Obs.]
Geometric, Geometrical
Ge`o*met"ric (?), Ge`o*met"ric*al (?), a. [L. geometricus; Gr.
g\'82om\'82trique.] Pertaining to, or according to the rules or
principles of, geometry; determined by geometry; as, a geometrical
solution of a problem.
NOTE: &hand; Ge ometric is often used, as opposed to algebraic, to
include processes or solutions in which the propositions or
principles of geometry are made use of rather than those of
algebra.
NOTE: &hand; Ge ometrical is of ten us ed in a limited or strictly
technical sense, as opposed to mechanical; thus, a construction or
solution is geometrical which can be made by ruler and compasses,
i. e., by means of right lines and circles. Every construction or
solution which requires any other curve, or such motion of a line
or circle as would generate any other curve, is not geometrical,
but mechanical. By another distinction, a geometrical solution is
one obtained by the rules of geometry, or processes of analysis,
and hence is exact; while a mechanical solution is one obtained by
trial, by actual measurements, with instruments, etc., and is only
approximate and empirical.
Geometrical curve. Same as Algebraic curve; -- so called because their
different points may be constructed by the operations of elementary
geometry. -- Geometric lathe, an instrument for engraving bank notes,
etc., with complicated patterns of interlacing lines; -- called also
cycloidal engine. -- Geometrical pace, a measure of five feet. --
Geometric pen, an instrument for drawing geometric curves, in which
the movements of a pen or pencil attached to a revolving arm of
ajustable length may be indefinitely varied by changing the toothed
wheels which give motion to the arm. -- Geometrical plane (Persp.),
the same as Ground plane . -- Geometrical progression, proportion,
ratio. See under Progression, Proportion and Ratio. -- Geometrical
radius, in gearing, the radius of the pitch circle of a cogwheel.
Knight. -- Geometric spider (Zo\'94l.), one of many species of
spiders, which spin a geometrical web. They mostly belong to Epeira
and allied genera, as the garden spider. See Garden spider. --
Geometric square, a portable instrument in the form of a square frame
for ascertaining distances and heights by measuring angles. --
Geometrical staircase, one in which the stairs are supported by the
wall at one end only. -- Geometrical tracery, in architecture and
decoration, tracery arranged in geometrical figures.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 622
Geometrically
Ge`o*met"ric*al*ly (?), adv. According to the rules or laws of
geometry.
Geometrician
Ge*om`e*tri"cian (?), n. One skilled in geometry; a geometer; a
mathematician.
Geometrid
Ge*om"e*trid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining or belonging to the
Geometrid\'91.
Geometrid
Ge*om"e*trid, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous genera and species of
moths, of the family Geometrid\'91; -- so called because their
larv\'91 (called loopers, measuring worms, spanworms, and inchworms)
creep in a looping manner, as if measuring. Many of the species are
injurious to agriculture, as the cankerworms.
Geometrize
Ge*om"e*trize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Geometrized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Geometrizing (?).] To investigate or apprehend geometrical
quantities or laws; to make geometrical constructions; to proceed in
accordance with the principles of geometry.
Nature geometrizeth, and observeth order in all things. Sir T.
Browne.
Geometry
Ge*om"e*try (?), n; pl. Geometries (#) [F. g\'82om\'82trie, L.
geometria, fr. Gr. Geometer.]
1. That branch of mathematics which investigates the relations,
properties, and measurement of solids, surfaces, lines, and angles;
the science which treats of the properties and relations of
magnitudes; the science of the relations of space.
2. A treatise on this science.
Analytical, OR Co\'94rdinate, geometry, that branch of mathematical
analysis which has for its object the analytical investigation of the
relations and properties of geometrical magnitudes. -- Descriptive
geometry, that part of geometry which treats of the graphic solution
of all problems involving three dimensions. -- Elementary geometry,
that part of geometry which treats of the simple properties of
straight lines, circles, plane surface, solids bounded by plane
surfaces, the sphere, the cylinder, and the right cone. -- Higher
geometry, that pert of geometry which treats of those properties of
straight lines, circles, etc., which are less simple in their
relations, and of curves and surfaces of the second and higher
degrees.
Geophagism
Ge*oph"a*gism (?), n. [Gr. The act or habit of eating earth. See Dirt
eating, under Dirt. Dunglison.
Geophagist
Ge*oph"a*gist (?), n. One who eats earth, as dirt, clay, chalk, etc.
Geophagous
Ge*oph"a*gous (?), a. Earth-eating.
Geophila
Ge*oph"i*la (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The division of
Mollusca which includes the land snails and slugs.
Geoponic, Geoponical
Ge`o*pon"ic (?), Ge`o*pon"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. g\'82oponique.]
Pertaining to tillage of the earth, or agriculture.
Geoponics
Ge`o*pon"ics (?), n. [Gr. g\'82oponique.] The art or science of
cultivating the earth; agriculture. Evelin.
Georama
Ge`o*ra"ma (?), n. [Gr. g\'82orama.] A hollow globe on the inner
surface of which a map of the world is depicted, to be examined by one
standing inside.
Geordie
Geor"die (?), n. A name given by miners to George Stephenson's safety
lamp. Raymond.
George
George (?), n. [F. George, or Georges, a proper name, fr. Gr. work.
See Work.]
1. A figure of St. George (the patron saint of England) on horseback,
appended to the collar of the Order of the Garter. See Garter.
2. A kind of brown loaf. [Obs.] Dryden.
George noble
George" no`ble (?). [So called from the image of St. George on it.] A
gold noble of the time of Henry VIII. See Noble, n.
Georgian
Geor"gi*an (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to Georgia, in Asia, or to Georgia, one of the
United States.
2. Of or relating to the reigns of the four Georges, kings of Great
Britan; as, the Georgian era. <-- five? -->
Georgian
Geor"gi*an, n. A native of, or dweller in, Georgia.
Georgic
Geor"gic (?), n. [L. georgicum (sc. carmen), and georgica, pl., Gr.
g\'82orgiques, pl. See Georgic, a.] A rural poem; a poetical
composition on husbandry, containing rules for cultivating lands,
etc.; as, the Georgics of Virgil.
Georgic, Georgical
Geor"gic (?), Geor"gic*al (?), a. [L. georgicus, Gr. g\'82orgique. See
George.] Relating to agriculture and rural affairs.
Georgium Sidus
Geor"gi*um Si`dus (?). [NL., the star of George (III. of England).]
(Astron.) The planet Uranus, so named by its discoverer, Sir W.
Herschel.
Geoscopy
Ge*os"co*py (?), n. [Gr. -scopy: cf. F. g\'82oscopie.] Knowledge of
the earth, ground, or soil, obtained by inspection. Chambers.
Geoselenic
Ge`o*se*len"ic (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to the earth and moon;
belonging to the joint action or mutual relations of the earth and
moon; as, geoselenic phenomena.
Geostatic
Ge`o*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. static.] (Civil Engin.) Relating to the
pressure exerted by earth or similar substance. Geostatic arch, an
arch having a form adapted to sustain pressure similar to that exerted
by earth. Rankine.
Geosynclinal
Ge`o*syn*cli"nal (?), n. [Gr. synclinal.] (Geol.) the downward bend or
subsidence of the earth's crust, which allows of the gradual
accumulation of sediment, and hence forms the first step in the making
of a mountain range; -- opposed to geanticlinal.
Geothermometer
Ge`o*ther*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. thermometer.] (Physics) A thermometer
specially constructed for measuring temperetures at a depth below the
surface of the ground.
Geotic
Ge*ot"ic (?) a. [Gr. Belonging to earth; terrestrial. [Obs.] Bailey.
Geotropic
Ge`o*trop"ic (?), a. [See Geotropism.] (Biol.) Relating to, or
showing, geotropism.
Geotropism
Ge*ot"ro*pism (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) A disposition to turn or incline
towards the earth; the influence of gravity in determining the
direction of growth of an organ.
NOTE: &hand; In plants, organs which grow towards the center of the
earth are said to be positively geotropic, and those growing in the
opposite direction negatively geotropic. In animals, geotropism is
supposed by some to have an influence either direct or indirect on
the plane of division of the ovum.
Gephyrea
Ge*phyr"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of marine
Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly, or not at all, annulated
externally, and is mostly without set\'91.
Gephyrean
Ge*phyr"e*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Gephyrea. -- n. One
of the Gerphyrea.
Gephyreoid
Ge*phyr"e*oid (?), a. & n. [Gephyrea + -oid.] Gephyrean.
Gepound
Ge*pound" (?), n. See Gipoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gerah
Ge"rah (?), n. [Heb. g, lit., a bean.] (Jewish Antiq.) A small coin
and weight; 1-20th of a shekel.
NOTE: &hand; Th e silver gerah is supposed to have been worth about
three cents; the gold about fifty-four cents; the weight equivalent
to about thirteen grains.
Geraniaceous
Ge*ra`ni*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of
pants (Geraniace\'91) which includes the genera Geranium, Pelargonium,
and many others.
Geraniine, Geranine
Ge*ra"ni*ine (?), Ger"a*nine (?), n. [See Geranium.]
1. (Med.) A valuable astringet obtained from the root of the Geranium
maculatum or crane's-bill.
2. (Chem.) A liquid terpene, obtained from the crane's-bill (Geranium
maculatum), and having a peculiar mulberry odor. [Written also
geranium.]
Geranium
Ge*ra"ni*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. g\'82ranium. See Crane, n.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of plants having a beaklike tours or receptacle,
around which the seed capsules are arranged, and membranous
projections, or stipules, at the joints. Most of the species have
showy flowers and a pungent odor. Called sometimes crane's-bill.
2. (Floriculture) A cultivated pelargonium.
NOTE: &hand; Ma ny pl ants re ferred to th e genus Geranium by the
earlier botanists are now separated from it under the name of
Pelargonium, which includes all the commonly cultivated
"geraniums", mostly natives of South Africa.
Gerant
Ge"rant (?), n. [F. g\'82rant.] The manager or acting partner of a
company, joint-stock association, etc.
Gerbe
Gerbe (?), n. [F., prop. a sheaf.] (Pyrotechny) A kind of ornamental
firework. Farrow.
Gerbil, Gerbille
Ger"bil (?), Ger`bille" (?), n. [F. gerbille. Cf. Jerboa.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of several species of small, jumping, murine rodents, of the genus
Gerbillus. In their leaping powers they resemble the jerboa. They
inhabit Africa, India, and Southern Europe.
Gerboa
Ger*bo"a (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The jerboa.
Gere
Gere (?), n. Gear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gerent
Ge"rent (?), a. [L. gerens, p. pr. of gerere to bear, manage.]
Bearing; carrying. [Obs.] Bailey.
Gerfalcon
Ger"fal`con (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Gyrfalcon.
Gerful
Ger"ful (?), a. [Cf. OF. girer to twirl, E. gyrate.] Changeable;
capricious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gerland, Gerlond
Ger"land (?), Ger"lond, n. A garland. [Obs.]
Gerlind
Ger"lind (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A salmon returning from the sea the second
time. [Prov. Eng.]
Germ
Germ (?), n. [F. germe, fr. L. germen, germinis, sprout, but, germ.
Cf. Germen, Germane.]
1. (Biol.) That which is to develop a new individual; as, the germ of
a fetus, of a plant or flower, and the like; the earliest form under
which an organism appears.
In the entire process in which a new being originates . . . two
distinct classes of action participate; namely, the act of
generation by which the germ is produced; and the act of
development, by which that germ is evolved into the complete
organism. Carpenter.
2. That from which anything springs; origin; first principle; as, the
germ of civil liberty.
Disease germ (Biol.), a name applied to certain tiny bacterial
organisms or their spores, such as Anthrax bacillus and the
Micrococcus of fowl cholera, which have been demonstrated to be the
cause of certain diseases. See Germ theory (bellow). -- Germ cell
(Biol.), the germ, egg, spore, or cell from which the plant or animal
arises. At one time a part of the body of the parent, it finally
becomes detached,and by a process of multiplication and growth gives
rise to a mass of cells, which ultimately form a new individual like
the parent. See Ovum. -- Germ gland. (Anat.) See Gonad. -- Germ stock
(Zo\'94l.), a special process on which buds are developed in certain
animals. See Doliolum. -- Germ theory (Biol.), the theory that living
organisms can be produced only by the evolution or development of
living germs or seeds. See Biogenesis, and Abiogenesis. As applied to
the origin of disease, the theory claims that the zymotic diseases are
due to the rapid development and multiplication of various bacteria,
the germs or spores of which are either contained in the organism
itself, or transferred through the air or water. See Fermentation
theory.
Germ
Germ (?), v. i. To germinate. [R.] J. Morley.
Germain
Ger*main" (?), a. [Obs.] See Germane.
German
Ger"man (?), a. [OE. german, germain, F. germain, fr. L. germanus
full, own (said of brothers and sisters who have the same parents);
akin to germen germ. Cf. Germ, Germane.] Nearly related; closely akin.
Wert thou a leopard, thou wert german to the lion. Shak.
Brother german. See Brother german. -- Cousins german. See the Note
under Cousin.
German
Ger"man, n.; pl. Germans (#) [L. Germanus, prob. of Celtis origin.]
1. A native or one of the people of Germany.
2. The German language.
3. (a) A round dance, often with a waltz movement, abounding in
capriciosly involved figures. (b) A social party at which the german
is danced.
High German, the Teutonic dialect of Upper or Southern Germany, --
comprising Old High German, used from the 8th to the 11th century;
Middle H. G., from the 12th to the 15th century; and Modern or New H.
G., the language of Luther's Bible version and of modern German
literature. The dialects of Central Germany, the basis of the modern
literary language, are often called Middle German, and the Southern
German dialects Upper German; but High German is also used to cover
both groups. -- Low German, the language of Northern Germany and the
Netherlands, -- including Friesic; Anglo-Saxon or Saxon; Old Saxon;
Dutch or Low Dutch, with its dialect, Flemish; and Plattdeutsch
(called also Low German), spoken in many dialects.
German
Ger"man, a. [L. Germanus. See German, n.] Of or pertaining to Germany.
German Baptists. See Dunker. -- German bit, a wood-boring tool, having
a long elliptical pod and a scew point. -- German carp (Zo\'94l.), the
crucian carp. -- German millet (Bot.), a kind of millet (Setaria
Italica, var.), whose seed is sometimes used for food. -- German
paste, a prepared food for caged birds. -- German process (Metal.),
the process of reducing copper ore in a blast furnace, after roasting,
if necessary. Raymond. -- German sarsaparilla, a substitute for
sarsaparilla extract. -- German sausage, a polony, or gut stuffed with
meat partly cooked. -- German silver (Chem.), a silver-white alloy,
hard and tough, but malleable and ductile, and quite permanent in the
air. It contains nickel, copper, and zinc in varying proportions, and
was originally made from old copper slag at Henneberg. A small amount
of iron is sometimes added to make it whiter and harder. It is
essentially identical with the Chinese alloy packfong. It was formerly
much used for tableware, knife handles, frames, cases, bearings of
machinery, etc., but is now largely superseded by other white alloys.
-- German steel (Metal.), a metal made from bog iron ore in a forge,
with charcoal for fuel. -- German text (Typog.), a character
resembling modern German type, used in English printing for ornamental
headings, etc., as in the words,
NOTE: &hand; This line is German Text.
-- German tinder. See Amadou.
Germander
Ger*man"der (?), n. [OE. germaunder, F. germandr\'82e, It.
calamandrea, L. chamaedrys, fr. Gr.Humble, and Tree.] (Bot.) A plant
of the genus Teucrium (esp. Teucrium Cham\'91drys or wall germander),
mintlike herbs and low shrubs. American germander, Teucrium Canadense.
-- Germander chickweed, Veronica agrestis. -- Water germander,
Teucrium Scordium. -- Wood germander, Teucrium Scorodonia.
Germane
Ger*mane" (?), a. [See German akin, nearly related.] Literally, near
akin; hence, closely allied; appropriate or fitting; relevant.
The phrase would be more germane to the matter. Shak.
[An amendment] must be germane. Barclay (Digest).
Germanic
Ger*man"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, germanium.
Germanic
Ger*man"ic, a. [L. Germanicus: cf. F. germanique. See German, n.]
1. Of or pertaining to Germany; as, the Germanic confederacy.
2. Teutonic. [A loose sense]
Germanism
Ger"man*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. germanisme.]
1. An idiom of the German language.
2. A characteristic of the Germans; a characteristic German mode,
doctrine, etc.; rationalism. J. W. Alexander.
Germanium
Ger*ma"ni*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Germania Germany.] (Chem.) A rare
element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (argyrodite) at
Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically intermediate
between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is in general
identical with the predicted ekasilicon. Symbol Ge. Atomic weight
72.3.
Germanization
Ger`man*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of Germanizing. M. Arnold.
Germanize
Ger"man*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Germanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Germanizing (?).] To make German, or like what is distinctively
German; as, to Germanize a province, a language, a society.
Germanize
Ger"man*ize, v. i. To reason or write after the manner of the Germans.
Germarium
Ger*ma"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Germ.] (Zo\'94l.) An organ in which the
ova are developed in certain Turbellaria.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 623
Germen
Ger"men (?), n.; pl. E. Germens (#), L. Germina (#). [L.] See Germ.
Germicidal
Ger"mi*ci`dal (?), a. Germicide.
Germicide
Ger"mi*cide (?), a. [Germ +L. caedere to kill.] (Biol.) Destructive to
germs; -- applied to any agent which has a destructive action upon
living germs, particularly bacteria, or bacterial germs, which are
considered the cause of many infectious diseases. -- n. A germicide
agent.
Germinal
Ger"mi*nal (?), a. [See Germ.] Pertaining or belonging to a germ; as,
the germinal vesicle. Germinal layers (Biol.), the two layers of
cells, the ectoblast and entoblast, which form respectively the outer
covering and inner wall of the gastrula. A third layer of cells, the
mesoblast, which is formed later and lies between these two, is
sometimes included. -- Germinal membrane. (Biol.) Same as Blastoderm.
-- Germinal spot (Biol.), the nucleolus of the ovum. -- Germinal
vesicle, (Biol.) , the nucleus of the ovum of animals.
Germinal
Ger`mi*nal" (?), n. [F. See Germ .] The seventh month of the French
republican calendar [1792 -- 1806]. It began March 21 and ended April
19. See Vend\'90miaire.
Germinant
Ger"mi*nant (?), a. [L. germinans, p. pr.] Sprouting; sending forth
germs or buds.
Germinate
Ger"mi*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Germinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Germinating.] [L. germinatus, p. p. of germinare to sprout, fr.
germen. See Germ.] To sprout; to bud; to shoot; to begin to vegetate,
as a plant or its seed; to begin to develop, as a germ. Bacon.
Germinate
Ger"mi*nate, v. t. To cause to sprout. Price (1610).
Germination
Ger`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L. germinatio: cf. F. germination.] The
process of germinating; the beginning of vegetation or growth in a
seed or plant; the first development of germs, either animal or
vegetable. Germination apparatus, an apparatus for malting grain.
Germinative
Ger"mi*na*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. germinatif.] Pertaining to germination;
having power to bud or develop. Germinative spot, Germinative vesicle.
(Biol.) Same as Germinal spot, Germinal vesicle, under Germinal.
Germiparity
Ger`mi*par"i*ty (?), n. [Germ + L. parere to produce.] (Biol.)
Reproduction by means of germs.
Germless
Germ"less, a. Without germs.
Germogen
Ger"mo*gen (?), n. [Germ + -gen.] (Biol.) (a) A polynuclear mass of
protoplasm, not divided into separate cells, from which certain ova
are developed. Balfour. (b) The primitive cell in certain embryonic
forms. Balfour.
Germ plasm
Germ" plasm` (?), (Biol.) See Plasmogen, and Idioplasm.
Germule
Germ"ule (?), n. [Dim. fr. germ.] (Biol.) A small germ.
Gern
Gern (?), v. t. [See Grin.] To grin or yawn. [Obs.] "[/He] gaped like
a gulf when he did gern." Spenser.
Gerner
Ger"ner (?), n. A garner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gerocomia
Ger`o*co"mi*a (?), n. [NL.] See Gerocomy.
Gerocomical
Ger`o*com"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to gerocomy. Dr. John Smith.
Gerocomy
Ge*roc"o*my (?), n. [F. g\'82rocomie, fr. Gr. That part of medicine
which treats of regimen for old people.
Gerontes
Ge*ron"tes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) Magistrates in
Sparta, who with the ephori and kings, constituted the supreme civil
authority.
Gerontocracy
Ger`on*toc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr. Government by old men. [R.] Gladstone.
Geropigia
Ger`o*pig"i*a (?), n. [Pg. geropiga.] A mixture composed of
unfermented grape juice, brandy, sugar, etc., for adulteration of
wines. [Written also jerupigia.]
-gerous
-ger*ous (?). [L. -ger, fr. gerere to bear, carry. See Jest.] A suffix
signifying bearing, producing; as, calcigerous; dentigerous.
Gerrymander
Ger`ry*man"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gerrymandered (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Gerrymandering.] To divide (a State) into districts for the
choice of representatives, in an unnatural and unfair way, with a view
to give a political party an advantage over its opponent. [Political
Cant, U. S.]
NOTE: &hand; This was done in Massachusetts at a time when Elbridge
Gerry was governor, and was attributed to his influence, hence the
name; though it is now known that he was opposed to the measure.
Bartlett.
Gerund
Ger"und (?), n. [L. gerundium, fr. gerere to bear, carry, perform. See
Gest a deed, Jest.] (Lat. Gram.)
1. A kind of verbal noun, having only the four oblique cases of the
singular number, and governing cases like a participle.
2. (AS. Gram.) A verbal noun ending in -e, preceded by to and usually
denoting purpose or end; -- called also the dative infinitive; as, "Ic
h\'91bbe mete t\'93 etanne" (I have meat to eat.) In Modern English
the name has been applied to verbal or participal nouns in -ing
denoting a transitive action; e. g., by throwing a stone.
Gerundial
Ge*run"di*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a gerund; as, a
gerundial use.
Gerundive
Ge*run"dive (?), a. [L. gerundivus.] Pertaining to, or partaking of,
the nature of the gerund; gerundial. -- n. (Lat. Gram.) The future
passive participle; as, amandus, i. e., to be loved.
Gerundively
Ge*run"dive*ly, adv. In the manner of a gerund; as, or in place of, a
gerund.
Gery
Ger"y (?), a. [See Gerful.] Changeable; fickle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gesling
Ges"ling (?), n. A gosling. [Prov. Eng.]
Gesse
Gesse (?), v. t. & i. To guess. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gest
Gest (?), n. A guest. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gest
Gest (?), n. [OF. geste exploit. See Jest.]
1. Something done or achieved; a deed or an action; an adventure.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
2. An action represented in sports, plays, or on the stage; show;
ceremony. [Obs.] Mede.
3. A tale of achievements or adventures; a stock story. [Obs.]
Chaucer. Spenser.
4. Gesture; bearing; deportment. [Archaic]
Through his heroic grace and honorable gest. Spenser.
Gest
Gest (?), n. [Cf. Gist a resting place.]
1. A stage in traveling; a stop for rest or lodging in a journey or
progress; a rest. [Obs.] Kersey.
2. A roll recting the several stages arranged for a royal progress.
Many of them are extant in the herald's office. [Obs.] Hanmer.
Gestant
Ges"tant (?), a. [L. gestans, p. pr. of gestare.] Bearing within;
laden; burdened; pregnant. [R.] "Clouds gestant with heat." Mrs.
Browning.
Gestation
Ges*ta"tion (?), n. [L. gestatio a bearing, carrying, fr. gestare to
bear, carry, intens. fr. gerere, gestum, to bear: cf. F. gestation.
See Gest deed, Jest.]
1. The act of wearing (clothes or ornaments). [Obs.]
2. The act of carrying young in the womb from conception to delivery;
pregnancy.
3. Exercise in which one is borne or carried, as on horseback, or in a
carriage, without the exertion of his own powers; passive exercise.
Dunglison.
Gestatory
Ges"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. gestatorius that serves for carrying: cf. F.
gestatoire.]
1. Pertaining to gestation or pregnancy.
2. Capable of being carried or worn. [Obs. or R.]
Geste
Geste (?), v. i. To tell stories or gests. [Obs.]
Gestic
Ges"tic (?), a. [See Gest a deed, Gesture.]
1. Pertaining to deeds or feats of arms; legendary.
And the gay grandsire, skilled in gestic lore. Goldsmith.
2. Relating to bodily motion; consisting of gestures; -- said
especially with reference to dancing.
Carried away by the enthusiasm of the gestic art. Sir W. Scott.
Gesticulate
Ges*tic"u*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gesticulated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Gesticulating.] [L. gesticulatus, p. p. of gesticulari to
gesticulate, fr. gesticulus a mimic gesture, gesticulation, dim. of
gestus gesture, fr. gerere, gestum, to bear, carry, peform. See
Gestic.] To make gestures or motions, as in speaking; to use postures.
Sir T. Herbert.
Gesticulate
Ges*tic"u*late, v. t. To represent by gesture; to act. [R.] B. Jonson.
Gesticulation
Ges*tic`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. gesticulatio: cf. F. gesticulation.]
1. The act of gesticulating, or making gestures to express passion or
enforce sentiments.
2. A gesture; a motion of the body or limbs in speaking, or in
representing action or passion, and enforcing arguments and
sentiments. Macaulay.
3. Antic tricks or motions. B. Jonson.
Gesticulator
Ges*tic"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who gesticulates.
Gesticulatory
Ges*tic"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Representing by, or belonging to, gestures.
T. Warton.
Gestour
Ges"tour (?), n. [See Gest a deed.] A reciter of gests or legendary
tales; a story-teller. [Obs.]
Minstrels and gestours for to tell tales. Chaucer.
Gestural
Ges"tur*al (?), a. Relating to gesture.
Gesture
Ges"ture (?), n. [LL. gestura mode of action, fr. L. gerere, gestum,
to bear, behave, perform, act. See Gest a deed.]
1. Manner of carrying the body; position of the body or limbs;
posture. [Obs.]
Accubation, or lying down at meals, was a gesture used by many
nations. Sir T. Browne.
2. A motion of the body or limbs expressive of sentiment or passion;
any action or posture intended to express an idea or a passion, or to
enforce or emphasize an argument, assertion, or opinion.
Humble and reverent gestures. Hooker.
Grace was in all her steps, heaven in her eye, In every gesture
dignity and love. Milton.
Gesture
Ges"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gestured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gesturing.] To accompany or illustrate with gesture or action; to
gesticulate.
It is not orderly read, nor gestured as beseemeth. Hooker.
Gesture
Ges"ture, v. i. To make gestures; to gesticulate.
The players . . . gestured>/qex> not undecently withal. Holland.
Gestureless
Ges"ture*less, a. Free from gestures.
Gesturement
Ges"ture*ment (?), n. Act of making gestures; gesturing. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Get
Get (?), n. Jet, the mineral. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Get
Get (?), n. [OF. get.]
1. Fashion; manner; custom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. Artifice; contrivance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Get
Get (?), v. t. [imp. Got (?) (Obs. Gat (); p. p. Got (Obsolescent
Gotten (?)); p. pr. & vb. n. Getting.] [OE. geten, AS. gitan, gietan
(in comp.); akin to Icel. geta, Goth. bigitan to find, L. prehendere
to seize, take, Gr. Comprehend, Enterprise, Forget, Impregnable,
Prehensile.]
1. To procure; to obtain; to gain possession of; to acquire; to earn;
to obtain as a price or reward; to come by; to win, by almost any
means; as, to get favor by kindness; to get wealth by industry and
economy; to get favor by kindness; to get wealth by industry and
economy; to get land by purchase, etc.
2. Hence, with have and had, to come into or be in possession of; to
have. Johnson.
Thou hast got the face of man. Herbert.
3. To beget; to procreate; to generate.
I had rather to adopt a child than get it. Shak.
4. To obtain mental possession of; to learn; to commit to memory; to
memorize; as to get a lesson; also with out; as, to get out one's
Greek lesson.
It being harder with him to get one sermon by heart, than to pen
twenty. Bp. Fell.
5. To prevail on; to induce; to persuade.
Get him to say his prayers. Shak.
6. To procure to be, or to cause to be in any state or condition; --
with a following participle.
Those things I bid you do; get them dispatched. Shak.
7. To betake; to remove; -- in a reflexive use.
Get thee out from this land. Gen. xxxi. 13.
He . . . got himself . . . to the strong town of Mega. Knolles.
NOTE: &hand; Ge t, as a transitive verb, is combined with adverbs
implying motion, to express the causing to, or the effecting in,
the object of the verb, of the kind of motion indicated by the
preposition; thus, to get in, to cause to enter, to bring under
shelter; as, to get in the hay; to get out, to make come forth, to
extract; to get off, to take off, to remove; to get together, to
cause to come together, to collect.
To get by heart, to commit to memory. -- To get the better of, To get
the best of, to obtain an advantage over; to surpass; to subdue. -- To
get up, to cause to be established or to exit; to prepare; to arrange;
to construct; to invent; as, to get up a celebration, a machine, a
book, an agitation. Syn. -- To obtain; gain; win; acquire. See Obtain.
Get
Get (?), v. i.
1. To make acquisition; to gain; to profit; to receive accessions; to
be increased.
We mourn, France smiles; we lose, they daily get. Shak.
2. To arrive at, or bring one's self into, a state, condition, or
position; to come to be; to become; -- with a following adjective or
past participle belonging to the subject of the verb; as, to get
sober; to get awake; to get beaten; to get elected.
To get rid of fools and scoundrels. Pope.
His chariot wheels get hot by driving fast. Coleridge.
NOTE: &hand; It [get] gives to the English language a middle voice,
or a power of verbal expression which is neither active nor
passive. Thus we say to get acquitted, beaten, confused, dressed.
Earle.
NOTE: &hand; Get, as an intransitive verb, is used with a following
preposition, or adverb of motion, to indicate, on the part of the
subject of the act, movement or action of the kind signified by the
preposition or adverb; or, in the general sense, to move, to stir,
to make one's way, to advance, to arrive, etc.; as, to get away, to
leave to escape; to disengage one's self from; to get down, to
descend, esp. with effort, as from a literal or figurative
elevation; to get along, to make progress; hence, to prosper,
succeed, or fare; to get in, to enter; to get out, to extricate
one's self, to escape; to get through, to traverse; also, to
finish, to be done; to get to, to arrive at, to reach; to get off,
to alight, to descend from, to dismount; also, to escape, to come
off clear; to get together, to assemble, to convene.
To get ahead, to advance; to prosper. -- To get along, to proceed; to
advance; to prosper. -- To get a mile (or other distance), to pass
over it in traveling. -- To get among, to go or come into the company
of; to become one of a number. -- To get asleep, to fall asleep. -- To
get astray, to wander out of the right way. -- To get at, to reach; to
make way to. To get away with, to carry off; to capture; hence, to get
the better of; to defeat. -- To get back, to arrive at the place from
which one departed; to return. -- To get before, to arrive in front,
or more forward. -- To get behind, to fall in the rear; to lag. -- To
get between, to arrive between. -- To get beyond, to pass or go
further than; to exceed; to surpass. "Three score and ten is the age
of man, a few get beyond it." Thackeray. -- To get clear, to disengage
one's self; to be released, as from confinement, obligation, or
burden; also, to be freed from danger or embarrassment. -- To get
drunk, to become intoxicated. -- To get forward, to proceed; to
advance; also, to prosper; to advance in wealth. -- To get home, to
arrive at one's dwelling, goal, or aim. -- To get into. (a) To enter,
as, "she prepared to get into the coach." Dickens. (b) To pass into,
or reach; as, " as, " a language has got into the inflated state."
Keary. -- To get loose OR free, to disengage one's self; to be
released from confinement. -- To get near, to approach within a small
distance. -- To get on, to proceed; to advance; to prosper. -- To get
over. (a) To pass over, surmount, or overcome, as an obstacle or
difficulty. (b) To recover from, as an injury, a calamity. -- To get
through. (a) To pass through something. (b) To finish what one was
doing. -- To get up. (a) To rise; to arise, as from a bed, chair, etc.
(b) To ascend; to climb, as a hill, a tree, a flight of stairs, etc.
Get
Get, n. Offspring; progeny; as, the get of a stallion.
Geten
Get"en (?), obs. p. p. of Get. Chaucer.
Geth
Geth (?), the original third pers. sing. pres. of Go. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Get-penny
Get"-pen`ny (?), n. Something which gets or gains money; a successful
affair. [Colloq.] Chapman.
Gettable
Get"ta*ble (?), a. That may be obtained. [R.]
Getter
Get"ter (?), n. One who gets, gains, obtains, acquires, begets, or
procreates.
Getterup
Get"ter*up`, n. One who contrives, makes, or arranges for, anything,
as a book, a machine, etc. [Colloq.]
A diligent getter-up of miscellaneous works. W. Irving.
Getting
Get"ting (?), n.
1. The act of obtaining or acquiring; acquisition.
With all thy getting, get understanding. Prov. iv. 7.
2. That which is got or obtained; gain; profit.
Get-up
Get"-up (?), n. General composition or structure; manner in which the
parts of a thing are combined; make-up; style of dress, etc. [Colloq.]
H. Kingsley.
Gewgaw
Gew"gaw (?), n. [OE. gigawe, gugawe, gewgaude, prob. the same word as
OE. givegove gewgaw, apparently a reduplicated form fr. AS. gifan to
give; cf. also F. joujou plaything, and E. gaud, n. See Give, and cf.
Giffgaff.] A showy trifle; a toy; a splendid plaything; a pretty but
worthless bauble.
A heavy gewgaw called a crown. Dryden.
Gewgaw
Gew"gaw, a. Showy; unreal; pretentious.
Seeing his gewgaw castle shine. Tennyson.
Geyser
Gey"ser (?), n. [Icel. geysir, fr. geysa to rush furiously, fr. gj to
gush. Cf. Gush.] A boiling spring which throws forth at frequent
intervals jets of water, mud, etc., driven up by the expansive power
of steam.
NOTE: &hand; Ge ysers were first known in Iceland, and later in New
Zealand. In the Yellowstone region in the United States they are
numerous, and some of them very powerful, throwing jets of boiling
water and steam to a height of 200 feet. They are grouped in
several areas called geyser basins. The mineral matter, or
geyserite, with which geyser water is charged, forms geyser cones
about the orifice, often of great size and beauty.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 624
Geyserite
Gey"ser*ite (?), n. [From Geyser.] (Min.) A loose hydrated form of
silica, a variety of opal, deposited in concretionary cauliflowerlike
masses, around some hot springs and geysers.
Gharry
Ghar"ry (?), n. [Hind. g\'be.] Any wheeled cart or carriage. [India]
Ghast
Ghast (?), v. t. [OE. gasten. See Ghastly, a.] To strike aghast; to
affright. [Obs.]
Ghasted by the noise I made. Full suddenly he fled. Shak.
Ghastful
Ghast"ful (?), a. [See Ghastly, a.] Fit to make one aghast; dismal.
[Obs.] -- Ghast"ful*ly, adv.
Ghastliness
Ghast"li*ness (?), n. The state of being ghastly; a deathlike look.
Ghastly
Ghast"ly (?), a. [Compar. Ghastlier (?); superl. Ghastliest.] [OE.
gastlich, gastli, fearful, causing fear, fr. gasten to terrify, AS.
g\'91stan. Cf. Aghast, Gast, Gaze, Ghostly.]
1. Like a ghost in appearance; deathlike; pale; pallid; dismal.
Each turned his face with a ghastly pang. Coleridge.
His face was so ghastly that it could scarcely be recognized.
Macaulay.
2. Horrible; shocking; dreadful; hideous.
Mangled with ghastly wounds through plate and mail. Milton.
Ghastly
Ghast"ly, adv. In a ghastly manner; hideously.
Staring full ghastly like a strangled man. Shak.
Ghastness
Ghast"ness, n. Ghastliness. [Obs.] Shak.
Ghat Ghaut
Ghat Ghaut (?), n. [Hind. gh\'bet.]
1. A pass through a mountain. [India] J. D. Hooker.
2. A range of mountains. Balfour (Cyc. of Ind. ).
3. Stairs descending to a river; a landing place; a wharf. [India]
Malcom.
Ghawazi
Gha*wa"zi (?), n. pl. [Etymol. uncertain.] Egyptian dancing girls, of
a lower sort than the almeh.
Gheber Ghebre
Ghe"ber Ghe"bre (?), n. [Pers. ghebr: cf. F. Gu\'8abre. Cf. Giaour.] A
worshiper of fire; a Zoroastrian; a Parsee.
Ghee
Ghee (?), n. [Hind. gh\'c6 clarified butter, Skr. gh.] Butter
clarified by boiling, and thus converted into a kind of oil. [India]
Malcom.
Gherkin
Gher"kin (?), n. [D. agurkje, a dim. akin to G. gurke, Dan. ag; cf.
Pol. og\'a2rek, Bohem. okurka, LGr. al-khiy\'ber, Per. khiy\'ber.]
1. (Bot.) A kind of small, prickly cucumber, much used for pickles.
2. (Zo\'94l.) See Sea gherkin.
Ghess
Ghess (?), v. t. & i. See Guess. [Obs.]
Ghetto
Ghet"to (?), n. [It.] The Jews'quarter in an Italian town or city.
I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell. Evelyn.
<-- 2. by extension, any section of a town inhabited predominantly by
members of a specific ethnic, national or racial group, such
segregation usually arising from social or economic pressure. 3.
(fig.) any isolated group of people. 4. (fig) any group isolated by
external pressures, with an implication of inferiority. Ghettoize v.
-->
Ghibelline
Ghib"el*line (?), n. [It. Ghibellino; of German origin.] (It. Hist.)
One of a faction in Italy, in the 12th and 13th centuries, which
favored the German emperors, and opposed the Guelfs, or adherents of
the poses. Brande & C.
Ghole
Ghole (?), n. See Ghoul.
Ghost
Ghost (?), n. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. g\'best breath,
spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and
prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
1. The spirit; the soul of man. [Obs.]
Then gives her grieved ghost thus to lament. Spenser.
2. The disembodied soul; the soul or spirit of a deceased person; a
spirit appearing after death; an apparition; a specter.
The mighty ghosts of our great Harrys rose. Shak.
I thought that I had died in sleep, And was a blessed ghost.
Coleridge.
3. Any faint shadowy semblance; an unsubstantial image; a phantom; a
glimmering; as, not a ghost of a chance; the ghost of an idea.
Each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Poe.
4. A false image formed in a telescope by reflection from the surfaces
of one or more lenses.
Ghost moth (Zo\'94l.), a large European moth (Hepialus humuli); so
called from the white color of the male, and the peculiar hovering
flight; -- called also great swift. -- Holy Ghost, the Holy Spirit;
the Paraclete; the Comforter; (Theol.) the third person in the
Trinity. -- To give up OR yield up the ghost, to die; to expire.
And he gave up the ghost full softly. Chaucer.
Jacob . . . yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.
Gen. xlix. 33.
Ghost
Ghost, v. i. To die; to expire. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Ghost
Ghost, v. t. To appear to or haunt in the form of an apparition.
[Obs.] Shak.
Ghostfish
Ghost"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A pale ubspotted variety of the
wrymouth.
Ghostless
Ghost"less, a. Without life or spirit. [R.]
Ghostlike
Ghost"like` (?), a. Like a ghost; ghastly.
Ghostliness
Ghost"li*ness, n. The quality of being ghostly.
Ghostly
Ghost"ly, a. [OE. gastlich, gostlich, AS. g\'bestlic. See Ghost.]
1. Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual; as, a
ghostly confessor.
Save and defend us from our ghostly enemies. Book of Common Prayer
[Ch. of Eng. ]
One of the gostly children of St. Jerome. Jer. Taylor.
2. Of or pertaining to apparitions. Akenside.
Ghostly
Ghost"ly, adv. Spiritually; mystically. Chaucer.
Ghostology
Ghost*ol"o*gy (?), n. Ghost lore. [R.]
It seemed even more unaccountable than if it had been a thing of
ghostology and witchcraft. Hawthorne.
Ghoul
Ghoul (?), n. [Per. gh an imaginary sylvan demon, supposed to devour
men and animals: cf. Ar. gh, F. goule.] An imaginary evil being among
Eastern nations, which was supposed to feed upon human bodies.
[Written also ghole .] Moore.
Ghoulish
Ghoul"ish, a. Characteristic of a ghoul; vampirelike; hyenalike.
Ghyll
Ghyll (?), n. A ravine. See Gill a woody glen. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Wordsworth.
Giallolino
Gial`lo*li"no (?), n. [It., from giallo yellow, prob. fr. OHG. gelo,
G. gelb; akin to E. yellow.] A term variously employed by early
writers on art, though commonly designating the yellow oxide of lead,
or massicot. Fairholt.
Giambeux
Giam"beux (?), n. pl. [See Jambeux.] Greaves; armor for the legs.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Giant
Gi"ant (?), n. [OE. giant, geant, geaunt, OF. jaiant, geant, F.
g\'82ant, L. gigas, fr. Gr. gender, genesis. See Gender, and cf.
Gigantic.]
1. A man of extraordinari bulk and stature.
Giants of mighty bone and bold emprise. Milton.
2. A person of extraordinary strength or powers, bodily or
intellectual.
3. Any animal, plant, or thing, of extraordinary size or power.
Giant's Causeway, a vast collection of basaltic pillars, in the county
of Antrim on the northern coast of Ireland.
Giant
Gi"ant, a. Like a giant; extraordinary in size, strength, or power;
as, giant brothers; a giant son. Giant cell. (Anat.) See Myeloplax. --
Giant clam (Zo\'94l.), a bivalve shell of the genus Tridacna, esp. T.
gigas, which sometimes weighs 500 pounds. The shells are sometimes
used in churches to contain holy water. -- Giant heron (Zo\'94l.), a
very large African heron (Ardeomega goliath). It is the largest heron
known. -- Giant kettle, a pothole of very large dimensions, as found
in Norway in connection with glaciers. See Pothole. -- Giant powder.
See Nitroglycerin. -- Giant puffball (Bot.), a fungus (Lycoperdon
giganteum), edible when young, and when dried used for stanching
wounds. -- Giant salamander (Zo\'94l.), a very large aquatic
salamander (Megalobatrachus maximus), found in Japan. It is the
largest of living Amphibia, becoming a yard long. -- Giant squid
(Zo\'94l.), one of several species of very large squids, belonging to
Architeuthis and allied genera. Some are over forty feet long.
Giantess
Gi"ant*ess, n. A woman of extraordinary size.
Giantize
Gi"ant*ize (?), v. i. [Cf. F. g\'82antiser.] To play the giant. [R.]
Sherwood.
Giantly
Gi"ant*ly, a. Appropriate to a giant. [Obs.] Usher.
Giantry
Gi"ant*ry (?), n. The race of giants. [R.] Cotgrave.
Giantship
Gi"ant*ship, n. The state, personality, or character, of a giant; -- a
compellation for a giant.
His giantship is gone somewhat crestfallen. Milton.
Giaour
Giaour (?), n. [Turk. giaur an infidel, Per. gawr, another form of
ghebr fire worshiper. Cf. Kaffir, Gheber .] An infidel; -- a term
applied by Turks to disbelievers in the Mohammedan religion,
especially Christrians. Byron.
Gib
Gib (?), n. [Abbreviated fr. Gilbert, the name of the cat in the old
story of "Reynard the Fox". in the "Romaunt of the Rose", etc.] A male
cat; a tomcat. [Obs.]
Gib
Gib, v. i. To act like a cat. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Gib
Gib (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A piece or slip of metal or wood,
notched or otherwise, in a machine or structure, to hold other parts
in place or bind them together, or to afford a bearing surface; --
usually held or adjusted by means of a wedge, key, or screw. Gib and
key, OR Gib and cotter (Steam Engine), the fixed wedge or gib, and the
driving wedge,key, or cotter, used for tightening the strap which
holds the brasses at the end of a connecting rod.
Gib
Gib, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gibbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gibbing.] To
secure or fasten with a gib, or gibs; to provide with a gib, or gibs.
Gibbed lathe, an engine lathe in which the tool carriage is held down
to the bed by a gib instead of by a weight.
Gib
Gib (?), v. i. To balk. See Jib, v. i. Youatt.
Gibbartas
Gib*bar"tas (?), n. [Cf. Ar. jebb\'ber giant; or L. gibber humpbacked:
cf. F. gibbar.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several finback whales of the North
Atlantic; -- called also Jupiter whale. [Written also jubartas,
gubertas, dubertus.]
Gibber
Gib"ber (?), n. [From Gib to balk.] A balky horse. Youatt.
Gibber
Gib"ber (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gibbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gibbering.] [Akin to jabber, and gabble.] To speak rapidly and
inarticulately. Shak.
Gibberish
Gib"ber*ish (?), n. [From Gibber, v. i.] Rapid and inarticulate talk;
unintelligible language; unmeaning words; jargon.
He, like a gypsy, oftentimes would go; All kinds of gibberish he
had learnt to known. Drayton.
Such gibberish as children may be heard amusing themselves with.
Hawthorne.
Gibberish
Gib"ber*ish, a. Unmeaning; as, gibberish language.
Gibbet
Gib"bet (?), n. [OE. gibet, F. gibet, in OF. also club, fr. LL.
gibetum;; cf. OF. gibe sort of sickle or hook, It. giubbetto gibbet,
and giubbetta, dim. of giubba mane, also, an under waistcoat, doublet,
Prov. It. gibba (cf. Jupon); so that it perhaps originally signified a
halter, a rope round the neck of malefactors; or it is, perhaps,
derived fr. L. gibbus hunched, humped, E. gibbous; or cf. E. jib a
sail.]
1. A kind of gallows; an upright post with an arm projecting from the
top, on which, formerly, malefactors were hanged in chains, and their
bodies allowed to remain asa warning.
2. The projecting arm of a crane, from which the load is suspended;
the jib.
Gibbet
Gib"bet, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gibbeted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gibbeting.]
1. To hang and expose on a gibbet.
2. To expose to infamy; to blacken.
I'll gibbet up his name. Oldham.
Gibbier
Gib"bier (?), n. [F. gibier.] Wild fowl; game. [Obs.] Addison.
Gibbon
Gib"bon (?), n. [Cf. F. gibbon.] (Zo\'94l.) Any arboreal ape of the
genus Hylobates, of which many species and varieties inhabit the East
Indies and Southern Asia. They are tailless and without cheek pouches,
and have very long arms, adapted for climbing. <-- common subtypes -->
NOTE: &hand; Th e wh ite-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar), the crowned
(H. pilatus), the wou-wou or singing gibbon (H. agilis), the
siamang, and the hoolock. are the most common species.
Gib boom
Gib" boom` (?). See Jib boom.
Gibbose
Gib*bose" (?), a. [L. gibbosus, fr. gibbus, gibba, hunch, hump. Cf.
Gibbous.] Humped; protuberant; -- said of a surface which presents one
or more large elevations. Brande & C.
Gibbostity
Gib*bost"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. gibbosit\'82.] The state of being
gibbous or gibbose; gibbousness.
Gibbous
Gib"bous (?), a. [Cf. F. gibbeux. See Gibbose.]
1. Swelling by a regular curve or surface; protuberant; convex; as,
the moon is gibbous between the half-moon and the full moon.
The bones will rise, and make a gibbous member. Wiseman.
2. Hunched; hump-backed. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. -- Gib"bous*ly, adv. --
Gib"bous*ness, n.
Gibbsite
Gibbs"ite (?), n. [Named after George Gibbs.] (Min.) A hydrate of
alumina.
Gib-cat
Gib"-cat` (?), n. A male cat, esp. an old one. See lst Gib. n. [Obs.]
Shak.
Gibe
Gibe (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gibed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gibing.] [Cf.
Prov. F. giber, equiv. to F. jouer to play, Icel. geipa to talk
nonsense, E. jabber.] To cast reproaches and sneering expressions; to
rail; to utter taunting, sarcastic words; to flout; to fleer; to
scoff.
Fleer and gibe, and laugh and flout. Swift.
Gibe
Gibe, v. i. To reproach with contemptuous words; to deride; to scoff
at; to mock.
Draw the beasts as I describe them, From their features, while I
gibe them. Swift.
Gibe
Gibe, n. An expression of sarcastic scorn; a sarcastic jest; a scoff;
a taunt; a sneer.
Mark the fleers, the gibes, and notable scorns. Shak.
With solemn gibe did Eustace banter me. Tennyson.
Gibel
Gib"el (?), n. [G. gibel, giebel.] (Zo\'94l.) A kind of carp (Cyprinus
gibelio); -- called also Prussian carp.
Giber
Gib"er (?) n. One who utters gibes. B. Jonson.
Gibfish
Gib"fish` (?), n. The male of the salmon. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Gibingly
Gib"ing*ly (?), adv. In a gibing manner; scornfully.
Giblet
Gib"let (?), a. Made of giblets; as, a giblet pie.
Giblets
Gib"lets (?), n. pl. [OE. gibelet, OF. gibelet game: cf. F. gibelotte
stewed rabbit. Cf. Gibbier.] The inmeats, or edible viscera (heart,
gizzard, liver, etc.), of poultry.
Gibstaff
Gib"staff` (?), n. [Prov. E. gib a hooked stick + E. staff.]
1. A staff to guage water, or to push a boat.
2. A staff formerly used in fighting beasts on the stage. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Gid
Gid (?), n. [Cf. Giddy, a.] A disease of sheep, characterized by
vertigo; the staggers. It is caused by the presence of the CC.
Giddily
Gid"di*ly (?), adv. In a giddy manner.
Giddiness
Gid"di*ness, n. The quality or state of being giddy.
Giddy
Gid"dy (?), a. [Compar. Giddier (?); superl. Giddiest.] [OE. gidi mad,
silly, AS. gidig, of unknown origin, cf. Norw. gidda to shake,
tremble.]
1. Having in the head a sensation of whirling or reeling about; having
lost the power of preserving the balance of the body, and therefore
wavering and inclined to fall; lightheaded; dizzy.
By giddy head and staggering legs betrayed. Tate.
2. Promoting or inducing giddiness; as, a giddy height; a giddy
precipice. Prior.
Upon the giddy footing of the hatches. Shak.
3. Bewildering on account of rapid turning; running round with
celerity; gyratory; whirling.
The giddy motion of the whirling mill. Pope.
4. Characterized by inconstancy; unstable; changeable; fickle; wild;
thoughtless; heedless. "Giddy, foolish hours." Rowe. "Giddy chance."
Dryden.
Young heads are giddy and young hearts are warm. Cowper.
Giddy
Gid"dy, v. i. To reel; to whirl. Chapman.
Giddy
Gid"dy, v. t. To make dizzy or unsteady. [Obs.]
Giddy-head
Gid"dy-head` (?), n. A person without thought fulness, prudence, or
judgment. [Colloq.] Burton.
Giddy-headed
Gid"dy-head`ed (?), a. Thoughtless; unsteady.
Giddy-paced
Gid"dy-paced` (?), a. Moving irregularly; flighty; fickle. [R.] Shak.
Gie
Gie (?), v. t. To guide. See Gye . [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gie
Gie (?), v. t. To give. [Scot.] Burns.
Gier-eagle
Gier"-ea`gle (?), n. [Cf. D. gier vulture, G. gier, and E. gyrfalcon.]
(Zo\'94l.) A bird referred to in the Bible (Lev. xi. 18and Deut. xiv.
17) as unclean, probably the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus).
Gier-falcon
Gier"-fal`con (?), n. [Cf. Gier-eagle, Gyrfalcon.] (Zo\'94l.) The
gyrfalcon.
Gieseckite
Gie"seck*ite (?), n. [Named after Karl Giesecke.] (Min.) A mineral
occurring in greenish gray six-sided prisms, having a greasy luster.
It is probably a pseudomorph after el\'91olite.
Gif
Gif (?), conj. [AS. See If.] If. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Gi f is th e old form of if, and frequently occurs in
the earlier English writers. See If.
_________________________________________________________________
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Giffard injector
Gif"fard in*ject"or (?). (Mach.) See under Injector.
Giffgaff
Giff"gaff (?), n. [Reduplicated fr. give.] Mutial accommodation;
mutual giving. [Scot.]
Giffy
Gif"fy (?), n. [Obs.] See Jiffy.
Gift
Gift (?), n. [OE. gift, yift, yeft, AS. gift, fr. gifan to give; akin
to D. & G. gift, Icel. gift, gipt, Goth. gifts (in comp.). See Give,
v. t.]
1. Anything given; anything voluntarily transferred by one person to
another without compensation; a present; an offering.
Shall I receive by gift, what of my own, . . . I can command ?
Milton.
2. The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing; as, the office is
in the gift of the President.
3. A bribe; anything given to corrupt.
Neither take a gift, for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise.
Deut. xvi. 19.
4. Some quality or endowment given to man by God; a pre\'89minent and
special talent or aptitude; power; faculty; as, the gift of wit; a
gift for speaking.
5. (Law) A voluntary transfer of real or personal property, without
any consideration. It can be perfected only by deed, or in case of
personal property, by an actual delivery of possession. Bouvier.
Burrill.
Gift rope (Naut), a rope extended to a boat for towing it; a guest
rope. Syn. -- Present; donation; grant; largess; benefaction; boon;
bounty; gratuity; endowment; talent; faculty. -- Gift, Present,
Donation. These words, as here compared, denote something gratuitously
imparted to another out of one's property. A gift is something given
whether by a superior or an inferior, and is usually designed for the
relief or benefit of him who receives it. A present is ordinarly from
an equal or inferior, and is always intended as a compliment or
expression of kindness. Donation is a word of more dignity, denoting,
properly, a gift of considerable value, and ordinarly a gift made
either to some public institution, or to an individual on account of
his services to the public; as, a donation to a hospital, a charitable
society, or a minister.
Gift
Gift, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gifting.] To endow
with some power or faculty.
He was gifted . . . with philosophical sagacity. I. Taylor.
Giftedness
Gift"ed*ness, n. The state of being gifted. Echard.
Gid
Gid (?), n. [Cf. OF. gigue. See Jig, n.] A fiddle. [Obs.]
Gig
Gig (?), v. t. [Prob. fr. L. gignere to beget.] To engender. [Obs.]
Dryden.
Gig
Gig, n. A kind of spear or harpoon. See Fishgig.
Gig
Gig, v. t. To fish with a gig.
Gig
Gig, n. [OE. gigge. Cf. Giglot.] A playful or wanton girl; a giglot.
Gig
Gig, n. [Cf. Icel. g fiddle, MHG. g, G. geige, Icel. geiga to take a
wrong direction, rove at random, and E. jig.]
1. A top or whirligig; any little thing that is whirled round in play.
Thou disputest like an infant; go, whip thy gig. Shak.
2. A light carriage, with one pair of wheels, drawn by one horse; a
kind of chaise.
3. (Naut.) A long, light rowboat, generally clinkerbuilt, and designed
to be fast; a boat appropriated to the use of the commanding officer;
as, the captain's gig.
4. (Mach.) A rotatory cylinder, covered with wire teeth or teasels,
for teaseling woolen cloth.
Gig machine, Gigging machine, Gig mill, OR Napping machine. See Gig,
4. -- Gig saw. See Jig saw.
Gigantean
Gi`gan*te"an (?), a. [L. giganteus, fr. gigas, antis. See Giant.] Like
a giant; mighty; gigantic. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Gigantesque
Gi`gan*tesque" (?), a. [F.] Befitting a giant; bombastic;
magniloquent.
The sort of mock-heroic gigantesque With which we bantered little
Lilia first. Tennyson.
Gigantic
Gi*gan"tic (?), a. [L. gigas, -antis, giant. See Giant.]
1. Of extraordinary size; like a giant.
2. Such as a giant might use, make, or cause; immense; tremendous;
extraordinarly; as, gigantic deeds; gigantic wickedness. Milton.
When descends on the Atlantic The gigantic Strom wind of the
equinox. Longfellow.
Gigantical
Gi*gan"tic*al, a. Bulky, big. [Obs.] Burton. -- Gi*gan"tic*al*ly, adv.
Giganticide
Gi*gan"ti*cide (?), n. [. gigas, -antis, giant + caedere to kill.] The
act of killing, or one who kills, a giant. Hallam.
Gigantine
Gi*gan"tine (?), a. Gigantic. [Obs.] Bullokar.
Gigantology
Gi`gan*tol"og*y (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. gigantologie.] An account
or description of giants.
Gigantomachy
Gi`gan*tom"a*chy (?), n. [L. gigantoma, fr. Gr. gigantomachie.] A war
of giants; especially, the fabulous war of the giants against heaven.
Gide, Guide
Gide (?), Guide, n. [OF. guide, guiche.] (Anc. Armor) The leather
strap by which the shield of a knight was slung across the shoulder,
or across the neck and shoulder. Meyrick (Ancient Armor).
Gigerium
Gi*ge"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Gigeria (#). [NL., fr. L. gigeria, pl., the
cooked entrails of poultry.] (Anat.) The muscular stomach, or gizzard,
of birds.
Gigget
Gig"get (?), n. Same as Gigot.
Cut the slaves to giggets. Beau. & Fl.
Giggle
Gig"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Giggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Giggling
(?).] [Akin to gaggle: cf. OD. ghichelen, G. kichern.] To laugh with
short catches of the breath or voice; to laugh in a light, affected,
or silly manner; to titter with childish levity.
Giggling and laughing with all their might At the piteous hap of
the fairy wight. J. R. Drake.
Giggle
Gig"gle (?), n. A kind of laugh, with short catches of the voice or
breath; a light, silly laugh.
Giggler
Gig"gler (?), n. One who giggles or titters.
Giggly
Gig"gly (?), a. Prone to giggling. Carlyle.
Giggot
Gig"got (?), n. See Gigot. [Obs.] Chapman.
Giggyng
Gig"gyng (?), n. [See Gige.] The act of fastending the gige or leather
strap to the shield. [Obs.] "Gigging of shields." Chaucer.
Giglot, Giglet
Gig"lot (?), Gig"let (?), n. [Cf. Icel. gikkr a pert, rude person,
Dan. giek a fool, silly man, AS. gagol, g\'91gl, lascivious, wanton,
MHG. gogel wanton, giege fool, and E. gig a wanton person.] A wanton;
a lascivious or light, giddy girl. [Obs.]
The giglet is willful, and is running upon her fate. Sir W. Scott.
Giglot
Gig"lot (?), a. Giddi; light; inconstant; wanton. [Obs.] "O giglot
fortune!" Shak.
Gigot, Giggot
Gig"ot, Gig"got (, n. [F., fr. OF. gigue fiddle; -- on account of the
resemblance in shape. See Jig, n.]
1. A leg of mutton.
2. A small piece of flesh; a slice. [Obs.]
The rest in giggots cut, they spit. Chapman.
Gila monster
Gi"la mon"ster (?). (Zo\'94l.) A large tuberculated lizard (Heloderma
suspectum) native of the dry plains of Arizona, New Mexico, etc. It is
the only lizard known to have venomous teeth.
Gild
Gild (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gilded or Gilt (p. pr. & vb. n.
Gilding.] [AS. gyldan, from gold gold. &root;234. See Gold.]
1. To overlay with a thin covering of gold; to cover with a golden
color; to cause to look like gold. "Gilded chariots." Pope.
No more the rising sun shall gild the morn. Pope.
2. To make attractive; to adorn; to brighten.
Let oft good humor, mild and gay, Gild the calm evening of your
day. Trumbull.
3. To give a fair but deceptive outward appearance to; to embellish;
as, to gild a lie. Shak.
4. To make red with drinking. [Obs.]
This grand liquior that hath gilded them. Shak.
Gildale
Gild"ale` (?), n. [AS. gilgan to pay + E. ale. See Yield, v. t., and
Ale.] A drinking bout in which every one pays an equal share. [Obs.]
Gilden
Gild"en (?), a. Gilded. Holland.
Gilder
Gild"er (?), n. One who gilds; one whose occupation is to overlay with
gold.
Gilder
Gil"der (?), n. A Dutch coin. See Guilder.
Guilding
Guild"ing (?), n.
1. The art or practice of overlaying or covering with gold leaf; also,
a thin coating or wash of gold, or of that which resembles gold.
2. Gold in leaf, powder, or liquid, for application to any surface.
3. Any superficial coating or appearance, as opposed to what is solid
and genuine.
Gilding metal, a tough kind of sheet brass from which cartridge shells
are made.
Gile
Gile (?), n. [See Guile.] Guile. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gill
Gill (?), n. [Dan. gi\'91lle, gelle; akin to Sw. g\'84l, Icel.
gj\'94lnar gills; cf. AS. geagl, geahl, jaw.]
1. (Anat.) An organ for aquatic respiration; a branchia.
Fishes perform respiration under water by the gills. Ray.
NOTE: &hand; Gi lls are usually lamellar or filamentous appendages,
through which the blood circulates, and in which it is exposed to
the action of the air contained in the water. In vertebrates they
are appendages of the visceral arches on either side of the neck.
In invertebrates they occupy various situations.
2. pl. (Bot.) The radiating, gill-shaped plates forming the under
surface of a mushroom.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The fleshy flap that hangs below the beak of a fowl; a
wattle.
4. The flesh under or about the chin. Swift.
5. (Spinning) One of the combs of closely ranged steel pins which
divide the ribbons of flax fiber or wool into fewer parallel
filaments. [Prob. so called from F. aiguilles, needles. Ure.]
Gill arches, Gill bars. (Anat.) Same as Branchial arches. -- Gill
clefts. (Anat.) Same as Branchial clefts. See under Branchial. -- Gill
cover, Gill lid. See Operculum. -- Gill frame, OR Gill head (Flax
Manuf.), a spreader; a machine for subjecting flax to the action of
gills. Knight. -- Gill net, a flat net so suspended in the water that
its meshes allow the heads of fish to pass, but catch in the gills
when they seek to extricate themselves. -- Gill opening, OR Gill slit
(Anat.), an opening behind and below the head of most fishes, and some
amphibians, by which the water from the gills is discharged. In most
fishes there is a single opening on each side, but in the sharks and
rays there are five, or more, on each side. -- Gill rakes, OR Gill
rakers (Anat.), horny filaments, or progresses, on the inside of the
branchial arches of fishes, which help to prevent solid substances
from being carried into gill cavities.
Gill
Gill, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A two-wheeled frame for transporting
timber. [Prov. Eng.]
Gill
Gill, n. A leech. [Also gell.] [Scot.] Jameison.
Gill
Gill, n. [Icel. gil.] A woody glen; a narrow valley containing a
stream. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Gill
Gill (?), n. [OF. gille, gelle, a sort of measure for wine, LL. gillo,
gello., Cf. Gallon.] A measure of capacity, containing one fourth of a
pint.
Gill
Gill (?), n. [Abbrev. from Gillian.]
1. A young woman; a sweetheart; a flirting or wanton girl. "Each Jack
with his Gill." B. Jonson.
2. (Bot.) The ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma); -- called also gill over
the ground, and other like names.
3. Malt liquor medicated with ground ivy.
Gill ale. (a) Ale flavored with ground ivy. (b) (Bot.) Alehoof.
Gill-flirt
Gill"-flirt` (?), n. A thoughtless, giddy girl; a flirt-gill. Sir W.
Scott.
Gillhouse
Gill"house`, n. A shop where gill is sold.
Thee shall each alehouse, thee each gillhouse mourn. Pope.
Gillian
Gil"li*an (?), n. [OE. Gillian, a woman's name, for Julian, Juliana.
Cf. Gill a girl.] A girl; esp., a wanton; a gill. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Gillie Gilly
Gil"lie Gil"ly (?), n. [Gael. gille, giolla, boy, lad.] A boy or young
man; a manservant; a male attendant, in the Scottish Highlands. Sir W.
Scott.
Gillyflower
Gil"ly*flow`er (?), n. [OE. gilofre, gilofer, clove, OF. girofre,
girofle, F. girofle: cf. F. girofl\'82e gillyflower, fr. girofle, Gr.
foliage. Cf. Caryophyllus, July-flower.] (Bot.)
1. A name given by old writers to the clove pink (Dianthus
Caryophyllus) but now to the common stock (Matthiola incana), a
cruciferous plant with showy and fragrant blossoms, usually purplish,
but often pink or white.
2. A kind of apple, of a roundish conical shape, purplish red color,
and having a large core. [Written also gilliflower.]
Clove gillflower, the clove pink. -- Marsh gillyflower, the ragged
robin (Lychnis Flos-cuculi). -- Queen's, OR Winter, gillyflower,
damewort. -- Sea gillyflower, the thrift (Armeria vulgaris). -- Wall
gillyflower, the wallflower (Cheiranthus Cheiri). -- Water
gillyflower, the water violet.
Gilour
Gil"our (?), n. [OF.] A guiler; deceiver. [Obs.]
Gilse
Gilse (?), n. [W. gleisiad, fr. glas blue.] (Zo\'94l.) See Grilse.
Gilt
Gilt (?), n. [See Geld, v. t.] (Zo\'94l.) A female pig, when young.
Gilt
Gilt, imp. & p. p. of Gild.
Gilt
Gilt, p. p. & a. Gilded; covered with gold; of the color of gold;
golden yellow. "Gilt hair" Chaucer.
Gilt
Gilt, n.
1. Gold, or that which resembles gold, laid on the surface of a thing;
gilding. Shak.
2. Money. [Obs.] "The gilt of France." Shak.
Gilt-edge, Gilt-edged
Gilt"-edge` (?), Gilt"-edged` (?), a.
1. Having a gilt edge; as, gilt-edged paper.
2. Of the best quality; -- said of negotiable paper, etc. [Slang, U.
S.]
Gilthead
Gilt"head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marine fish. The name is applied to
two species: (a) The Pagrus, OR Chrysophrys, auratus, a valuable food
fish common in the Mediterranean (so named from its golden-colored
head); -- called also giltpoll. (b) The Crenilabrus melops, of the
British coasts; -- called also golden maid, conner, sea partridge.
Giltif
Gilt"if (?), a. [For gilti, by confusion with -if, -ive, in French
forms. See Guilty.] Guilty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gilttail
Gilt"tail` (?), n. A yellow-tailed worm or larva.
Gim
Gim (?), a. [Cf. Gimp, a.] Neat; spruce. [Prov.]
Gimbal, OR Gimbals
Gim"bal (?), OR Gim"bals (, n. [See Gimmal, n.] A contrivance for
permitting a body to incline freely in all directions, or for
suspending anything, as a barometer, ship's compass, chronometer,
etc., so that it will remain plumb, or level, when its support is
tipped, as by the rolling of a ship. It consists of a ring in which
the body can turn on an axis through a diameter of the ring, while the
ring itself is so pivoted to its support that it can turn about a
diameter at right angles to the first. Gimbal joint (Mach.), a
universal joint embodying the principle of the gimbal. -- Gimbal ring,
a single gimbal, as that by which the cockeye of the upper millstone
is supported on the spindle.
Gimblet
Gim"blet (?), n. & v. See Gimlet.
Gimcrack
Gim"crack` (?), n. [OE., a spruce and pert pretender, also, a spruce
girl, prob. fr. gim + crack lad, boaster.] A trivial mechanism; a
device; a toy; a pretty thing. Arbuthnot.
Gimlet
Gim"let (?), n. [Also written and pronounced gimbled (] [OF.
guimbelet, guibelet, F. gibelet, prob. fr. OD. wimpel, weme, a bore,
wemelen to bore, to wimble. See Wimble, n.] A small tool for boring
holes. It has a leading screw, a grooved body, and a cross handle.
Gimlet eye, a squint-eye. [Colloq.] Wright.
Gimlet
Gim"let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gimleted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gimleting.]
1. To pierce or make with a gimlet.
2. (Naut.) To turn round (an anchor) by the stock, with a motion like
turning a gimlet.
Gimmal
Gim"mal (?), n. [Prob. the same word as gemel. See Gemel, and cf.
Gimbal.]
1. Joined work whose parts move within each other; a pair or series of
interlocked rings.
2. A quaint piece of machinery; a gimmer. [Obs.]
Gommal
Gom"mal, a. Made or consisting of interlocked ringas, gimmal mail.
In their pale dull mouths the gimmal bit Lies foul with chewed
grass. Shak.
Gimmal joint. See Gimbal joint, under Gimbal.
Gimmer, Gimmor
Gim"mer, Gim"mor (, n. [Cf. Gimmal, n.] A piece of mechanism;
mechanical device or contrivance; a gimcrack. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Shak.
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Gimp
Gimp (?), a. [W. gwymp fair, neat, comely.] Smart; spruce; trim; nice.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Gimp
Gimp, n. [OF. guimpe, guimple, a nun's wimple, F. guimpe, OHG. wimpal
a veil G. wimpel pennon, pendant. See Wimple, n.] A narrow ornamental
fabric of silk, woolen, or cotton, often with a metallic wire, or
sometimes a coarse cord, running through it; -- used as trimming for
dresses, furniture, etc.
Gimp nail, an upholsterer's small nail.
Gimp
Gimp, v. t. To notch; to indent; to jag.
Gin
Gin (?), prep. [AS. ge\'a0n. See Again.] Against; near by; towards;
as, gin night. [Scot.] A. Ross (1778).
Gin
Gin, conj. [See Gin, prep.] If. [Scotch] Jamieson.
Gin
Gin (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gan (?), Gon (Gun (p. pr. & vb. n.
Ginning.] [OE. ginnen, AS. ginnan (in comp.), prob. orig., to open,
cut open, cf. OHG. inginnan to begin, open, cut open, and prob.
akin to AS. g\'c6nan to yawn, and E. yawn. Yawn, v. i., and cf.
Begin.] To begin; -- often followed by an infinitive without to;
as, gan tell. See Gan. [Obs. or Archaic] "He gan to pray." Chaucer.
Gin
Gin (?), n. [Contr. from Geneva. See 2d Geneva.] A strong alcoholic
liquor, distilled from rye and barley, and flavored with juniper
berries; -- also called Hollands and Holland gin, because
originally, and still very extensively, manufactured in Holland.
Common gin is usually flavored with turpentine.
Gin
Gin (?), n. [A contraction of engine.]
1. Contrivance; artifice; a trap; a snare. Chaucer. Spenser.
2. (a) A machine for raising or moving heavy weights, consisting of
a tripod formed of poles united at the top, with a windlass,
pulleys, ropes, etc. (b) (Mining) A hoisting drum, usually
vertical; a whim.
3. A machine for separating the seeds from cotton; a cotton gin.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is al so given to an instrument of torture
worked with screws, and to a pump moved by rotary sails.
Gin block, a simple form of tackle block, having one wheel, over which
a rope runs; -- called also whip gin, rubbish pulley, and monkey
wheel. -- Gin power, a form of horse power for driving a cotton gin.
-- Gin race, OR Gin ring, the path of the horse when putting a gin in
motion. Halliwell. -- Gin saw, a saw used in a cotton gin for drawing
the fibers through the grid, leaving the seed in the hopper. -- Gin
wheel. (a) In a cotton gin, a wheel for drawing the fiber through the
grid; a brush wheel to clean away the lint. (b) (Mining) the drum of a
whim.
Gin
Gin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ginned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ginning.]
1. To catch in a trap. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
2. To clear of seeds by a machine; as, to gin cotton.
Ging
Ging (?), n. Same as Gang, n., 2. [Obs.]
There is a knot, a ging, a pack, a conspiracy against me. Shak.
Gingal
Gin*gal" (?), n. See Jingal.
Ginger
Gin"ger (?), n. [OE. ginger, gingever, gingivere, OF. gengibre,
gingimbre, F. gingembre, L. zingiber, zingiberi, fr. Gr. zenjeb\'c6l,
fr. Skr. , prop., hornshaped; horn + v\'89ra body.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Zingiber, of the East and West Indies.
The species most known is Z. officinale.
2. The hot and spicy rootstock of Zingiber officinale, which is much
used in cookery and in medicine.
Ginger beer OR ale, a mild beer impregnated with ginger. -- Ginger
cordial, a liquor made from ginger, raisins, lemon rind, and water,
and sometimes whisky or brandy. -- Ginger pop. See Ginger beer
(above). -- Ginger wine, wine impregnated with ginger. -- Wild ginger
(Bot.), an American herb (Asarum Canadense) with two reniform leaves
and a long, cordlike rootstock which has a strong taste of ginger.
Gingerbread
Gin"ger*bread` (?), n. A kind of plain sweet cake seasoned with
ginger, and sometimes made in fanciful shapes. Gingerbread that was
full fine." Chaucer. Gingerbread tree (Bot.), the doom palm; -- so
called from the resemblance of its fruit to gingerbread. See Doom
Palm. -- Gingerbread work, ornamentation, in architecture or
decoration, of a fantastic, trivial, or tawdry character.
Gingerly
Gin"ger*ly, adv. [Prov. E. ginger brittle, tender; cf. dial. Sw.
gingla, g\'84ngla, to go gently, totter, akin to E. gang.] Cautiously;
timidly; fastidiously; daintily.
What is't that you took up so gingerly ? Shak.
Gingerness
Gin"ger*ness, n. Cautiousness; tenderness.
Gingham
Ging"ham (?), n. [F. guingan; cf. Jav. ginggang; or perh. fr.
Guingamp, in France.] A kind of cotton or linen cloth, usually in
stripes or checks, the yarn of which is dyed before it is woven; --
distinguished from printed cotton or prints.
Ginging
Ging"ing (?), n. (Mining) The lining of a mine shaft with stones or
bricks to prevent caving.
Gingival
Gin"gi*val (?), a. [L. gingiva the gum.] Of or pertaining to the gums.
Holder.
Gingle
Gin"gle (?), n. & v. [Obs.] See Jingle.
Ginglyform
Gin"gly*form (?), a. (Anat.) Ginglymoid.
Ginglymodi
Gin`gly*mo"di (?), n. [NL.; cf. Gr. Ginglymoid.] (Zo\'94l.) An order
of ganoid fishes, including the modern gar pikes and many allied
fossil forms. They have rhombic, ganoid scales, a heterocercal tail,
paired fins without an axis, fulcra on the fins, and a bony skeleton,
with the vertebr\'91 convex in front and concave behind, forming a
ball and socket joint. See Ganoidel.
Ginglymoid, Ginglymoidal
Gin"gly*moid (?), Gin`gly*moid"al (?), a. [Gr. ginglymoide,
ginglymo\'8bdal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a ginglymus,
or hinge joint; ginglyform.
Ginglymus
Gin"gly*mus (?), n.; pl. Ginglymi (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A hinge
joint; an articulation, admitting of flexion and extension, or motion
in two directions only, as the elbow and the ankle.
Ginhouse
Gin"house` (?), n. A building where cotton is ginned.
Ginkgo
Gink"go (?), n.; pl. Ginkgoes (#). [Chin., silver fruit.] (Bot.) A
large ornamental tree (Ginkgo biloba) from China and Japan, belonging
to the Yew suborder of Conifer\'91. Its leaves are so like those of
some maidenhair ferns, that it is also called the maidenhair tree.
Ginnee
Gin"nee (?), n.; pl. Ginn (. See Jinnee.
Ginnet
Gin"net (?), n. See Genet, a horse.
Ginning
Gin"ning (?), n. [See Gin, v. i.] Beginning. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ginny-carriage
Gin"ny-car`riage (, n. A small, strong carriage for conveying
materials on a railroad. [Eng.]
Ginseng
Gin"seng (?), n. [Chinese.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Aralia, the
root of which is highly valued as a medicine among the Chinese. The
Chinese plant (Aralia Schinseng) has become so rare that the American
(A. quinquefolia) has largely taken its place, and its root is now an
article of export from America to China. The root, when dry, is of a
yellowish white color, with a sweetness in the taste somewhat
resembling that of licorice, combined with a slight aromatic
bitterness.
Ginshop
Gin"shop` (?), n. A shop or barroom where gin is sold as a beverage.
[Colloq.]
Gip
Gip (?), v. t. To take out the entrails of (herrings).
Gip
Gip, n. A servant. See Gyp. Sir W. Scott.
Gipoun
Gi*poun" (?), n. [See Jupon.] A short cassock. [Written also gepoun,
gypoun, jupon, juppon.] [Obs.]
Gipser, Gipsire
Gip"ser (?), Gip"sire (?), n. [F. gibeci\'8are a game pouch or game
pocket. Cf. Gibbier.] A kind of pouch formerly worn at the girdle. Ld.
Lytton.
A gipser all of silk, Hung at his girdle, white as morn\'82 milk.
Chaucer.
Gipsy
Gip"sy (?), n. a.. See Gypsy.
Gipsyism
Gip"sy*ism (?), n. See Gypsyism.
Giraffe
Gi*raffe" (?), n. [F. girafe, Sp. girafa, from Ar. zur\'befa,
zar\'befa.] (Zo\'94l.) An African ruminant (Camelopardalis giraffa)
related to the deers and antelopes, but placed in a family by itself;
the camelopard. It is the tallest of animals, being sometimes twenty
feet from the hoofs to the top of the head. Its neck is very long, and
its fore legs are much longer than its hind legs.
Girandole
Gir"an*dole (?), n. [F. See Gyrate.]
1. An ornamental branched candlestick.
2. A flower stand, fountain, or the like, of branching form.
3. (Pyrotechny) A kind of revolving firework.
4. (Fort.) A series of chambers in defensive mines. Farrow.
Girasole Girasol
Gir"a*sole Gir"a*sol (?), n. [It. girasole, or F. girasol, fr. L.
gyrare to turn around + sol sun.]
1. (Bot.) See Heliotrope. [Obs.]
2. (Min.) A variety of opal which is usually milk white, bluish white,
or sky blue; but in a bright light it reflects a reddish color.
Gird
Gird (?), n. [See Yard a measure.]
1. A stroke with a rod or switch; a severe spasm; a twinge; a pang.
Conscience . . . is freed from many fearful girds and twinges which
the atheist feels. Tillotson.
2. A cut; a sarcastic remark; a gibe; a sneer.
I thank thee for that gird, good Tranio. Shak.
Gird
Gird, v. t. [See Gird, n., and cf. Girde, v.]
1. To strike; to smite. [Obs.]
To slay him and to girden off his head. Chaucer.
2. To sneer at; to mock; to gibe.
Being moved, he will not spare to gird the gods. Shak.
Gird
Gird, v. i. To gibe; to sneer; to break a scornful jest; to utter
severe sarcasms.
Men of all sorts take a pride to gird at me. Shak.
Gird
Gird (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Girt (?) or Girded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Girding.] [OE. girden, gurden, AS. gyrdan; akin to OS. gurdian, D.
gorden, OHG. gurten, G. g\'81rten, Icel. gyr, Sw. gjorda, Dan. giorde,
Goth. biga\'a1rdan to begird, and prob. to E. yard an inclosure. Cf.
Girth, n. & v., Girt, v. t.]
1. To encircle or bind with any flexible band.
2. To make fast, as clothing, by binding with a cord, girdle, bandage,
etc.
3. To surround; to encircle, or encompass.
That Nyseian isle, Girt with the River Triton. Milton.
4. To clothe; to swathe; to invest.
I girded thee about with fine linen. Ezek. xvi. 10.
The Son . . . appeared Girt with omnipotence. Milton.
5. To prepare; to make ready; to equip; as, to gird one's self for a
contest.
Thou hast girded me with strength. Ps. xviii. 39.
To gird on, to put on; to fasten around or to one securely, like a
girdle; as, to gird on armor or a sword.
Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he that
putteth it off. 1 Kings xx. 11.
-- To gird up, to bind tightly with a girdle; to support and
strengthen, as with a girdle.
He girded up his loins, and ran before Ahab. 1 Kings xviii. 46.
Gird up the loins of your mind. 1 Pet. i. 13.
-- Girt up; prepared or equipped, as for a journey or for work, in
allusion to the ancient custom of gathering the long flowing garments
into the girdle and tightening it before any exertion; hence,
adjectively, eagerly or constantly active; strenuous; striving. "A
severer, more girt-up way of living." J. C. Shairp.
Girder
Gird"er (?), n. [From Gird to sneer at.] One who girds; a satirist.
Girder
Gird"er, n. [From Gird to encircle.]
1. One who, or that which, girds.
2. (Arch. & Engin.) A main beam; a stright, horizontal beam to span an
opening or carry weight, such as ends of floor beams, etc.; hence, a
framed or built-up member discharging the same office, technically
called a compound girder. See Illusts. of Frame, and Doubleframed
floor, under Double.
Bowstring girder, Box girder, etc. See under Bowstring, Box, etc. --
Girder bridge. See under Bridge. -- Lattice girder, a girder
consisting of longitudinal bars united by diagonal crossing bars. --
Half-lattice girder, a girder consisting of horizontal upper and lower
bars connected by a series of diagonal bars sloping alternately in
opposite directions so as to divide the space between the bars into a
series of triangles. Knight. -- Sandwich girder, a girder consisting
of two parallel wooden beams, between which is an iron plate, the
whole clamped together by iron bolts.
Girding
Gird"ing, n. That with which one is girded; a girdle.
Instead of a stomacher, a girding of sackcloth. Is. iii. 24.
Girdle
Gir"dle (?), n. A griddle. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Girdle
Gir"dle, n. [OE. gurdel, girdel, AS. gyrdel, fr. gyrdan; akin to D.
gordel, G. g\'81rtel, Icel. gyr. See Gird, v. t., to encircle, and cf.
Girth, n.]
1. That which girds, encircles, or incloses; a circumference; a belt;
esp., a belt, sash, or article of dress encircling the body usually at
the waist; a cestus.
Within the girdle of these walls. Shak.
Their breasts girded with golden girdles. Rev. xv. 6.
2. The zodiac; also, the equator. [Poetic] Bacon.
From the world's girdle to the frozen pole. Cowper.
That gems the starry girdle of the year. Campbell.
3. (Jewelry) The line ofgreatest circumference of a brilliant-cut
diamond, at which it is grasped by the setting. See Illust. of
Brilliant. Knight.
4. (Mining) A thin bed or stratum of stone. Raymond.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The clitellus of an earthworm.
Girdle bone (Anat.), the sphenethmoid. See under Sphenethmoid. --
Girdle wheel, a spinning wheel. -- Sea girdle (Zo\'94l.), a
ctenophore. See Venus's girdle, under Venus. -- Shoulder, Pectoral,
AND Pelvic, girdle. (Anat.) See under Pectoral, and Pelvic. -- To have
under the girdle, to have bound to one, that is, in subjection.
Girdle
Gir"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Girdled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Girdling
(?).]
1. To bind with a belt or sash; to gird. Shak.
2. To inclose; to environ; to shut in.
Those sleeping stones, That as a waist doth girdle you about. Shak.
3. To make a cut or gnaw a groove around (a tree, etc.) through the
bark and alburnum, thus killing it. [U. S.]
Girdler
Gir"dler (?), n.
1. One who girdles.
2. A maker of girdles.
3. (Zo\'94l.) An American longicorn beetle (Oncideres cingulatus)
which lays its eggs in the twigs of the hickory, and then girdles each
branch by gnawing a groove around it, thus killing it to provide
suitable food for the larv\'91.
Girdlestead
Gir"dle*stead (?), n. [Girdle + stead place.]
1. That part of the body where the girdle is worn. [Obs.]
Sheathed, beneath his girdlestead. Chapman.
2. The lap. [R.]
There fell a flower into her girdlestead. Swinburne.
Gire
Gire (?), n. [Obs.] See Gyre.
Girkin
Gir"kin (?), n. [Obs.] See Gherkin.
Girl
Girl (?), n. [OE. girle, gerle, gurle, a girl (in sense 1): cf. LG.
g\'94r child.]
1. A young person of either sex; a child. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. A female child, from birth to the age of puberty; a young maiden.
3. A female servant; a maidservant. [U. S.]
4. (Zo\'94l.) A roebuck two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
Girlhood
Girl"hood (?), n. State or time of being a girl.
Girlish
Girl"ish, a. Like, or characteristic of, a girl; of or pertaining to
girlhood; innocent; artless; immature; weak; as, girlish ways; girlish
grief. -- Girl"ish*ly, adv. -- Girl"ish*ness, n.
Girlond
Gir"lond (?), n. [See Garland, n.] A garland; a prize. [Obs.] Chapman.
Girn
Girn (?), v. i. [See Grin, n.] To grin. [Obs.]
Girondist
Gi*ron"dist (?), n. [F. Girondiste.] A member of the moderate
republican party formed in the French legislative assembly in 1791.
The Girondists were so called because their leaders were deputies from
the department of La Gironde.
Girondist
Gi*ron"dist, a. Of or pertaining to the Girondists. [Written also
Girondin.]
Girrock
Gir"rock (?), n. [Cf. Prov. F. chicarou.] (Zo\'94l.) A garfish.
Johnson.
Girt
Girt (?), imp. & p. p. of Gird.
Girt
Girt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Girted; p. pr. & vb. n. Girting.] [From
Girt, n., cf. Girth, v.] To gird; to encircle; to invest by means of a
girdle; to measure the girth of; as, to girt a tree.
We here create thee the first duke of Suffolk, And girt thee with
the sword. Shak.
Girt
Girt, a. (Naut.) Bound by a cable; -- used of a vessel so moored by
two anchors that she swings against one of the cables by force of the
current or tide.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 627
Girt
Girt (?), n. Same as Girth.
Girth
Girth (?), n. [Icel. gj\'94r girdle, or ger girth; akin to Goth.
ga\'a1rda girdle. See Gird to girt, and cf. Girdle, n.]
1. A band or strap which encircles the body; especially, one by which
a saddle is fastened upon the back of a horse.
2. The measure round the body, as at the waist or belly; the
circumference of anything.
He's a lu sty, jolly fellow, that lives well, at least three yards
in the girth. Addison.
3. A small horizontal brace or girder.
Girth
Girth, v. t. [From Girth, n., cf. Girt, v. t.] To bind as with a
girth. [R.] Johnson.
Girtline
Girt"line` (?), n. (Naut.) A gantline. Hammock girtline, a line rigged
for hanging out hammocks to dry.
Gisarm
Gis*arm" (?), n. [OF. gisarme, guisarme.] (Medi\'91val Armor) A weapon
with a scythe-shaped blade, and a separate long sharp point, mounted
on a long staff and carried by foot soldiers.
Gise
Gise (?), v. t. [See Agist.] To feed or pasture. [Obs.]
Gise
Gise (?), n. Guise; manner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Gisle
Gis"le (?), n. [AS. g\'c6sel; akin to G. geisel, Icel. g\'c6sl.] A
pledge. [Obs.] Bp. Gibson.
Gismondine, Gismondite
Gis*mon"dine (?), Gis*mon"dite (?), n. [From the name of the
discoverer, Gismondi.] (Min.) A native hydrated silicate of alumina,
lime, and potash, first noticed near Rome.
Gist
Gist (?), n. [OF. giste abode, lodgings, F. g\'8cte, fr. g\'82sir to
lie, L. jac, prop., to be thrown, hence, to lie, fr. jacre to throw.
In the second sense fr. OF. gist, F. g\'8ct, 3d pers. sing. ind. of
g\'82sir to lie, used in a proverb, F., c'est l\'85 que g\'8ct le
li\'8avre, it is there that the hare lies, i. e., that is the point,
the difficulty. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Agist, Joist, n.,
Gest a stage in traveling.]
1. A resting place. [Obs.]
These quails have their set gists; to wit, ordinary resting and
baiting places. Holland.
2. The main point, as of a question; the point on which an action
rests; the pith of a matter; as, the gist of a question.
Git
Git (?), n. (Founding) See Geat.
Gite
Gite (?), n. A gown. [Obs.]
She came often in a gite of red. Chaucer.
Gith
Gith (?), n. [Prov. E., corn cockle; cf. W. gith corn cockle.] (Bot.)
The corn cockle; also anciently applied to the Nigella, or fennel
flower.
Gittern
Git"tern (?), n. [OE. giterne, OF. guiterne, ultimately from same
source as E. guitar. See Guitar, and cf. Cittern.] An instrument like
a guitar. "Harps, lutes, and giternes." Chaucer.
Gittern
Git"tern, v. i. To play on gittern. Milton.
Gittith
Git"tith (?), n. [Heb.] A musical instrument, of unknown character,
supposed by some to have been used by the people of Gath, and thence
obtained by David. It is mentioned in the title of Psalms viii.,
lxxxi., and lxxxiv. Dr. W. Smith.
Guist
Guist (?), n. [Obs.] Same as Joust. Spenser.
Giusto
Gius"to (?), a. [It., fr. L. justus. See Just, a.] (Mus.) In just,
correct, or suitable time.
Give
Give (?), v. t. [imp. Gave (?); p. p. Given (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Giving.] [OE. given, yiven, yeven, AS. gifan, giefan; akin to D.
geven, OS. g, OHG. geban, Icel. gefa, Sw. gifva, Dan. give, Goth.
giban. Cf. Gift, n.]
1. To bestow without receiving a return; to confer without
compensation; to impart, as a possession; to grant, as authority or
permission; to yield up or allow.
For generous lords had rather give than pay. Young.
2. To yield possesion of; to deliver over, as property, in exchange
for something; to pay; as, we give the value of what we buy.
What shall a man give in exchange for his soul ? Matt. xvi. 26.
3. To yield; to furnish; to produce; to emit; as, flint and steel give
sparks.
4. To communicate or announce, as advice, tidings, etc.; to pronounce;
to render or utter, as an opinion, a judgment, a sentence, a shout,
etc.
5. To grant power or license to; to permit; to allow; to license; to
commission.
It is given me once again to behold my friend. Rowe.
Then give thy friend to shed the sacred wine. Pope.
6. To exhibit as a product or result; to produce; to show; as, the
number of men, divided by the number of ships, gives four hundred to
each ship.
7. To devote; to apply; used reflexively, to devote or apply one's
self; as, the soldiers give themselves to plunder; also in this sense
used very frequently in the past participle; as, the people are given
to luxury and pleasure; the youth is given to study.
8. (Logic & Math.) To set forth as a known quantity or a known
relation, or as a premise from which to reason; -- used principally in
the passive form given.
9. To allow or admit by way of supposition.
I give not heaven for lost. Mlton.
10. To attribute; to assign; to adjudge.
I don't wonder at people's giving him to me as a lover. Sheridan.
11. To excite or cause to exist, as a sensation; as, to give offense;
to give pleasure or pain.
12. To pledge; as, to give one's word.
13. To cause; to make; -- with the infinitive; as, to give one to
understand, to know, etc.
But there the duke was given to understand That in a gondola were
seen together Lorenzo and his amorous Jessica. Shak.
To give away, to make over to another; to transfer.
Whatsoever we employ in charitable uses during our lives, is given
away from ourselves. Atterbury.
-- To give back, to return; to restore. Atterbury. -- To give the bag,
to cheat. [Obs.]
I fear our ears have given us the bag. J. Webster.
-- To give birth to. (a) To bear or bring forth, as a child. (b) To
originate; to give existence to, as an enterprise, idea. -- To give
chase, to pursue. -- To give ear to. See under Ear. -- To give forth,
to give out; to publish; to tell. Hayward. -- To give ground. See
under Ground, n. -- To give the hand, to pledge friendship or faith.
-- To give the hand of, to espouse; to bestow in marriage. -- To give
the head. See under Head, n. -- To give in. (a) To abate; to deduct.
(b) To declare; to make known; to announce; to tender; as, to give in
one's adhesion to a party. -- To give the lie to (a person), to tell
(him) that he lies. -- To give line. See under Line. -- To give off,
to emit, as steam, vapor, odor, etc. -- To give one's self away, to
make an inconsiderate surrender of one's cause, an unintentional
disclosure of one's purposes, or the like. [Colloq.] -- To give out.
(a) To utter publicly; to report; to announce or declare.
One that gives out himself Prince Florizel. Shak.
Give out you are of Epidamnum. Shak.
(b) To send out; to emit; to distribute; as, a substance gives out
steam or odors. -- To give over. (a) To yield completely; to quit; to
abandon. (b) To despair of. (c) To addict, resign, or apply (one's
self).
The Babylonians had given themselves over to all manner of vice.
Grew. --
To give place, to withdraw; to yield one's claim. -- To give points.
(a) In games of skill, to equalize chances by conceding a certain
advantage; to allow a handicap. (b) To give useful suggestions.
[Colloq.] -- To give rein. See under Rein, n. -- To give the sack .
Same as To give the bag. -- To give and take. (a) To average gains and
losses. (b) To exchange freely, as blows, sarcasms, etc. -- To give
time (Law), to accord extension or forbearance to a debtor. Abbott. --
To give the time of day, to salute one with the compliment appropriate
to the hour, as "good morning." "good evening", etc. -- To give
tongue, in hunter's phrase, to bark; -- said of dogs. -- To give up.
(a) To abandon; to surrender. "Don't give up the ship."
He has . . . given up For certain drops of salt, your city Rome.
Shak.
(b) To make public; to reveal.
I'll not state them By giving up their characters. Beau. & Fl.
(c) (Used also reflexively.) -- To give up the ghost. See under Ghost.
-- To give one's self up, to abandon hope; to despair; to surrender
one's self. -- To give way. (a) To withdraw; to give place. (b) To
yield to force or pressure; as, the scaffolding gave way. (c) (Naut.)
To begin to row; or to row with increased energy. (d) (Stock
Exchange). To depreciate or decline in value; as, railroad securities
gave way two per cent. -- To give way together, to row in time; to
keep stroke. Syn. -- To Give, Confer, Grant. To give is the generic
word, embracing all the rest. To confer was originally used of persons
in power, who gave permanent grants or privileges; as, to confer the
order of knighthood; and hence it still denotes the giving of
something which might have been withheld; as, to confer a favor. To
grant is to give in answer to a petition or request, or to one who is
in some way dependent or inferior.
Give
Give (?), v. i.
1. To give a gift or gifts.
2. To yield to force or pressure; to relax; to become less rigid; as,
the earth gives under the feet.
3. To become soft or moist. [Obs.] Bacon .
4. To move; to recede.
Now back he gives, then rushes on amain. Daniel.
5. To shed tears; to weep. [Obs.]
Whose eyes do never give But through lust and laughter. Shak.
6. To have a misgiving. [Obs.]
My mind gives ye're reserved To rob poor market women. J. Webster.
7. To open; to lead. [A Gallicism]
This, yielding, gave into a grassy walk. Tennyson.
To give back, to recede; to retire; to retreat.
They gave back and came no farther. Bunyan.
-- To give in, to yield; to succumb; to acknowledge one's self beaten;
to cease opposition.
The Scots battalion was enforced to give in. Hayward.
This consideration may induce a translator to give in to those
general phrases. Pope.
-- To give off, to cease; to forbear. [Obs.] Locke. -- To give on OR
upon. (a) To rush; to fall upon. [Obs.] (b) To have a view of; to be
in sight of; to overlook; to look toward; to open upon; to front; to
face. [A Gallicism: cf. Fr. donner sur.]
Rooms which gave upon a pillared porch. Tennyson.
The gloomy staircase on which the grating gave. Dickens.
-- To give out. (a) To expend all one's strength. Hence: (b) To cease
from exertion; to fail; to be exhausted; as, my feet being to give
out; the flour has given out. -- To give over, to cease; to
discontinue; to desist.
It would be well for all authors, if they knew when to give over,
and to desist from any further pursuits after fame. Addison.
-- To give up, to cease from effort; to yield; to despair; as, he
would never give up.
Given
Giv"en (?), p. p. & a. from Give, v.
1. (Math. & Logic) Granted; assumed; supposed to be known; set forth
as a known quantity, relation, or premise.
2. Disposed; inclined; -- used with an adv.; as, virtuously given.
Shak.
3. Stated; fixed; as, in a given time.
Given name, the Christian name, or name given by one's parents or
guardians, as distinguished from the surname, which is inherited.
[Colloq.]
Giver
Giv"er (?), n. One who gives; a donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who
imparts or distributes.
It is the giver, and not the gift, that engrosses the heart of the
Christian. Kollock.
Gives
Gives (?), n. pl. [See Give, n.] Fetters.
Giving
Giv"ing (?), n.
1. The act of bestowing as a gift; a conferring or imparting.
2. A gift; a benefaction. [R.] Pope.
3. The act of softening, breaking, or yielding. "Upon the first giving
of the weather." Addison.
Giving in, a falling inwards; a collapse. -- Giving out, anything
uttered or asserted; an outgiving.
His givings out were of an infinite distance From his true meant
design. Shak.
Gizzard
Giz"zard (?), n. [F. g\'82sier, L. gigeria, pl., the cooked entrails
of poultry. Cf. Gigerium.]
1. (Anat.) The second, or true, muscular stomach of birds, in which
the food is crushed and ground, after being softened in the glandular
stomach (crop), or lower part of the esophagus; the gigerium.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A thick muscular stomach found in many invertebrate
animals. (b) A stomach armed with chitinous or shelly plates or teeth,
as in certain insects and mollusks.
Gizzard shad (Zo\'94l.), an American herring (Dorosoma cepedianum)
resembling the shad, but of little value. -- To fret the gizzard, to
harass; to vex one's self; to worry. [Low] Hudibras. -- To stick in
one's gizzard, to be difficult of digestion; to be offensive. [Low]
Glabella
Gla*bel"la (?), n.; pl. Glabell (#). [NL., fr. L. glabellus hairless,
fr. glaber bald.] (Anat.) The space between the eyebrows, also
including the corresponding part of the frontal bone; the mesophryon.
-- Gla*bel"lar (#), a.
Glabellum
Gla*bel"lum (?), n.; pl. Glabella (#). [NL. See Glabella.] (Zo\'94l.)
The median, convex lobe of the head of a trilobite. See Trilobite.
Glabrate
Gla"brate (?), a. [L. glabrare, fr. glaber smooth.] (Bot.) Becoming
smooth or glabrous from age. Gray.
Glabreate, Glabriate
Gla"bre*ate (?), Gla"bri*ate (?), v. t. [See Glabrate.] To make
smooth, plain, or bare. [Obs.]
Glabrity
Glab"ri*ty (?), n. [L. glabritas.] Smoothness; baldness. [R.]
Glabrous
Gla"brous (?), a. [L. glaber; cf. Gr. Smooth; having a surface without
hairs or any unevenness.
Glacial
Gla"cial (?), a. [L. glacialis, from glacies ice: cf. F. glacial.]
1. Pertaining to ice or to its action; consisting of ice; frozen; icy;
esp., pertaining to glaciers; as, glacial phenomena. Lyell.
2. (Chem.) Resembling ice; having the appearance and consistency of
ice; -- said of certain solid compounds; as, glacial phosphoric or
acetic acids.
Glacial acid (Chem.), an acid of such strength or purity as to
crystallize at an ordinary temperature, in an icelike form; as acetic
or carbolic acid. -- Glacial drift (Geol.), earth and rocks which have
been transported by moving ice, land ice, or icebergs; bowlder drift.
-- Glacial epoch OR period (Geol.), a period during which the climate
of the modern temperate regions was polar, and ice covered large
portions of the northern hemisphere to the mountain tops. -- Glacial
theory OR hypothesis. (Geol.) See Glacier theory, under Glacier.
Glacialist
Gla"cial*ist, n. One who attributes the phenomena of the drift, in
geology, to glaciers.
Glaciate
Gla"ci*ate (?), v. i. [L. glaciatus, p. p. of glaciare to freeze, fr.
glacies ice.] To turn to ice.
Glaciate
Gla"ci*ate, v. t.
1. To convert into, or cover with, ice.
2. (Geol.) To produce glacial effects upon, as in the scoring of
rocks, transportation of loose material, etc.
Glaciated rocks, rocks whose surfaces have been smoothed, furrowed, or
striated, by the action of ice.
Glaciation
Gla`ci*a"tion (?), n.
1. Act of freezing.
2. That which is formed by freezing; ice.
3. The process of glaciating, or the state of being glaciated; the
production of glacial phenomena.
Glacier
Gla"cier (?), n. [F. glacier, fr. glace ice, L. glacies.] An immense
field or stream of ice, formed in the region of perpetual snow, and
moving slowly down a mountain slope or valley, as in the Alps, or over
an extended area, as in Greenland.
NOTE: &hand; The mass of compacted snow forming the upper part of a
glacier is called the firn, or n\'82v\'82; the glacier proper
consist of solid ice, deeply crevassed where broken up by
irregularities in the slope or direction of its path. A glacier
usually carries with it accumulations of stones and dirt called
moraines, which are designated, according to their position, as
lateral, medial, or terminal (see Moraine). The common rate of flow
of the Alpine glaciers is from ten to twenty inches per day in
summer, and about half that in winter.
Glacier theory (Geol.), the theory that large parts of the frigid and
temperate zones were covered with ice during the glacial, or ice,
period, and that, by the agency of this ice, the loose materials on
the earth's surface, called drift or diluvium, were transported and
accumulated.
Glacious
Gla"cious (?), a. Pertaining to, consisting of or resembling, ice;
icy. Sir T. Browne.
Glacis
Gla"cis (?), n. [F. glacis; -- so named from its smoothness. See
Glacier.] A gentle slope, or a smooth, gently sloping bank; especially
(Fort.), that slope of earth which inclines from the covered way
toward the exterior ground or country (see Illust. of Ravelin).
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Glad
Glad (?), a. [Compar. Gladder (?); superl. Gladdest (?).] [AS. gl\'91d
bright, glad; akin to D. glad smooth, G. glatt, OHG. glat smooth,
shining, Icel. gla glad, bright, Dan. & Sw. glad glad, Lith. glodas
smooth, and prob. to L. glaber, and E. glide. Cf. Glabrous.]
1. Pleased; joyous; happy; cheerful; gratified; -- opposed to sorry,
sorrowful, or unhappy; -- said of persons, and often followed by of,
at, that, or by the infinitive, and sometimes by with, introducing the
cause or reason.
A wise son maketh a glad father. Prov. x. 1.
He that is glad at calamities shall not be unpunished. Prov. xvii.
5.
The Trojan, glad with sight of hostile blood. Dryden.
He, glad of her attention gained. Milton.
As we are now glad to behold your eyes. Shak.
Glad am I that your highness is so armed. Shak.
Glad on 't, glad of it. [Colloq.] Shak.
2. Wearing a gay or bright appearance; expressing or exciting joy;
producing gladness; exhilarating.
Her conversation More glad to me than to a miser money is. Sir P.
Sidney.
Glad evening and glad morn crowned the fourth day. Milton.
Syn. -- Pleased; gratified; exhilarated; animated; delighted; happy;
cheerful; joyous; joyful; cheering; exhilarating; pleasing; animating.
-- Glad, Delighted, Gratified. Delighted expresses a much higher
degree of pleasure than glad. Gratified always refers to a pleasure
conferred by some human agent, and the feeling is modified by the
consideration that we owe it in part to another. A person may be glad
or delighted to see a friend, and gratified at the attention shown by
his visits.
Glad
Glad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gladded; p. pr. & vb. n. Gladding.] [AS.
gladian. See Glad, a., and cf. Gladden, v. t.] To make glad; to cheer;
to gladden; to exhilarate. Chaucer.
That which gladded all the warrior train. Dryden.
Each drinks the juice that glads the heart of man. Pope.
Glad
Glad, v. i. To be glad; to rejoice. [Obs.] Massinger.
Gladden
Glad"den (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gladdened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Gladdening (?).] [See Glad, v. t.] To make glad; to cheer; to please;
to gratify; to rejoice; to exhilarate.
A secret pleasure gladdened all that saw him. Addison.
Gladden
Glad"den, v. i. To be or become glad; to rejoice.
The vast Pacific gladdens with the freight. Wordsworth.
Gladder
Glad"der (?), n. One who makes glad. Chaucer.
Glade
Glade (?), n. [Prob. of Scand. origin, and akin to glad, a.; cf. also
W. golead, goleuad, a lighting, illumination, fr. goleu light, clear,
bright, goleu fwlch glade, lit., a light or clear defile.]
1. An open passage through a wood; a grassy open or cleared space in a
forest.
There interspersed in lawns and opening glades. Pope.
2. An everglade. [Local, U. S.]
3. An opening in the ice of rivers or lakes, or a place left unfrozen;
also, smooth ice. [Local, U. S.]
Bottom glade. See under Bottom. -- Glade net, in England, a net used
for catching woodcock and other birds in forest glades.
Gladen
Gla"den (?), n. [AS. gl\'91dene, cf. L. gladius a sword. Cf.
Gladiole.] (Bot.) Sword grass; any plant with sword-shaped leaves,
esp. the European Iris f\'d2tidissima. [Written also gladwyn, gladdon,
and glader.]
Gladeye
Glad"eye` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European yellow-hammer.
Gladful
Glad"ful (?), a. Full of gladness; joyful; glad. [R.] --
Glad"ful*ness, n. [R.] Spenser.
It followed him with gladful glee. Spenser.
Gladiate
Glad"i*ate (?), a. [L. gladius sword.] (Bot.) Sword-shaped; resembling
a sword in form, as the leaf of the iris, or of the gladiolus.
Gladiator
Glad"i*a`tor (?), n. [L., fr. gladius sword. See Glaive.]
1. Originally, a swordplayer; hence, one who fought with weapons in
public, either on the occasion of a funeral ceremony, or in the arena,
for public amusement.
2. One who engages in any fierce combat or controversy.
Gladiatorial, Gladiatorian
Glad`i*a*to"ri*al (?), Glad`i*a*to"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to
gladiators, or to contests or combatants in general.
Gladiatorism
Glad"i*a`tor*ism (?), n. The art or practice of a gladiator.
Gladiatorship
Glad"i*a`tor*ship, n. Conduct, state, or art, of a gladiator.
Gladiatory
Glad"i*a*to*ry (?), a. [L. gladiatorius.] Gladiatorial. [R.]
Gladiature
Glad"i*a*ture (?), n. [L. gladiatura.] Swordplay; fencing;
gladiatorial contest. Gayton.
Gladiole
Glad"i*ole (?), n. [L. gladiolus a small sword, the sword lily, dim.
of gladius sword. See Glaive.] (Bot.) A lilylike plant, of the genus
Gladiolus; -- called also corn flag.
Gladiolus
Gla*di"o*lus (?), n.; pl. L. Gladioli (#), E. Gladioluses (#). [L. See
Gladiole.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of plants having bulbous roots and gladiate leaves,
and including many species, some of which are cultivated and valued
for the beauty of their flowers; the corn flag; the sword lily.
2. (Anat.) The middle portion of the sternum in some animals; the
mesosternum.
Gladius
Gla"di*us (?), n.; pl. Gladii (#). [L., a sword.] (Zo\'94l.) The
internal shell, or pen, of cephalopods like the squids.
Gladly
Glad"ly (?), adv. [From Glad, a.]
1. Preferably; by choice. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. With pleasure; joyfully; cheerfully; eagerly.
The common people heard him gladly. Mark xii. 37.
Gladness
Glad"ness (?), n. [AS. gl\'91dnes.] State or quality of being glad;
pleasure; joyful satisfaction; cheerfulness.
They . . . did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of
heart. Acts ii. 46.
NOTE: &hand; Gl adness is ra rely or ne ver eq uivalent to mirth,
merriment, gayety, and triumph, and it usually expresses less than
delight. It sometimes expresses great joy.
The Jews had joy and gladness, a feast and a good day. Esther viii.
17.
Gladship
Glad"ship, n. [AS. gl\'91dscipe.] A state of gladness. [Obs.] Gower.
Gladsome
Glad"some (?), a.
1. Pleased; joyful; cheerful.
2. Causing joy, pleasure, or cheerfulness; having the appearance of
gayety; pleasing.
Of opening heaven they sung, and gladsome day. Prior.
-- Glad"some*ly, adv. -- Glad"some*ness, n.
Hours of perfect gladsomeness. Wordsworth.
Gladstone
Glad"stone (?), n. [Named after Wm. E. Gladstone.] A four-wheeled
pleasure carriage with two inside seats, calash top, and seats for
driver and footman.
Gladwyn
Glad"wyn (?), n. (Bot.) See Gladen.
Glair
Glair (?), n. [F. glaire, glaire d'clarus clear, bright. See Clear,
a.]
1. The white of egg. It is used as a size or a glaze in bookbinding,
for pastry, etc.
2. Any viscous, transparent substance, resembling the white of an egg.
3. A broadsword fixed on a pike; a kind of halberd.
Glair
Glair, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glaired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glairing.] To
smear with the white of an egg.
Glaire
Glaire (?), n. See Glair.
Glaireous
Glair"e*ous (?), a. Glairy; covered with glair.
Glairin
Glair"in (?), n. A glairy viscous substance, which forms on the
surface of certain mineral waters, or covers the sides of their
inclosures; -- called also baregin.
Glairy
Glair"y (?), a. Like glair, or partaking of its qualities; covered
with glair; viscous and transparent; slimy. Wiseman.
Glaive
Glaive (?), n. [F. glaive, L. gladius; prob. akin to E. claymore. Cf.
Gladiator.]
1. A weapon formerly used, consisting of a large blade fixed on the
end of a pole, whose edge was on the outside curve; also, a light
lance with a long sharp-pointed head. Wilhelm.
2. A sword; -- used poetically and loosely.
The glaive which he did wield. Spenser.
Glama
Gla"ma (?), n. [NL.;cf. Gr. gramiae, Gr. (Med.) A copious gummy
secretion of the humor of the eyelids, in consequence of some
disorder; blearedness; lippitude.
Glamour
Gla"mour (?), n. [Scot. glamour, glamer; cf. Icel. gl\'a0meggdr one
who is troubled with the glaucoma (?); or Icel. gl\'bem-s weakness of
sight, glamour; gl\'bemr name of the moon, also of a ghost + s sight
akin to E. see. Perh., however, a corruption of E. gramarye.]
1. A charm affecting the eye, making objects appear different from
what they really are.
2. Witchcraft; magic; a spell. Tennyson.
3. A kind of haze in the air, causing things to appear different from
what they really are.
The air filled with a strange, pale glamour that seemed to lie over
the broad valley. W. Black.
4. Any artificial interest in, or association with, an object, through
which it appears delusively magnified or glorified.
Glamour gift, Glamour might, the gift or power of producing a glamour.
The former is used figuratively, of the gift of fascination peculiar
to women.
It had much of glamour might To make a lady seem a knight. Sir W.
Scott.
Glamourie
Glam"ou*rie (?), n. Glamour. [Scot.]
Glance
Glance (?), n. [Akin to D. glans luster, brightness, G. glanz, Sw.
glans, D. glands brightness, glimpse. Cf. Gleen, Glint, Glitter, and
Glance a mineral.]
1. A sudden flash of light or splendor.
Swift as the lightning glance. Milton.
2. A quick cast of the eyes; a quick or a casual look; a swift survey;
a glimpse.
Dart not scornful glances from those eyes. Shak.
3. An incidental or passing thought or allusion.
How fleet is a glance of the mind. Cowper.
4. (Min.) A name given to some sulphides, mostly dark-colored, which
have a brilliant metallic luster, as the sulphide of copper, called
copper glance.
Glance coal, anthracite; a mineral composed chiefly of carbon. --
Glance cobalt, cobaltite, or gray cobalt. -- Glance copper, c --
Glance wood, a hard wood grown in Cuba, and used for gauging
instruments, carpenters' rules, etc. McElrath.
Glance
Glance, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glancing
(?).]
1. To shoot or emit a flash of light; to shine; to flash.
From art, from nature, from the schools, Let random influences
glance, Like light in many a shivered lance, That breaks about the
dappled pools. Tennyson.
2. To strike and fly off in an oblique direction; to dart aside. "Your
arrow hath glanced". Shak.
On me the curse aslope Glanced on the ground. Milton.
3. To look with a sudden, rapid cast of the eye; to snatch a momentary
or hasty view.
The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling, Doth glance from heaven
to earth, from earth to heaven. Shak.
4. To make an incidental or passing reflection; to allude; to hint; --
often with at.
Wherein obscurely C\'91sar\'b6s ambition shall be glanced at. Shak.
He glanced at a certain reverend doctor. Swift.
5. To move quickly, appearing and disappearing rapidly; to be visible
only for an instant at a time; to move interruptedly; to twinkle.
And all along the forum and up the sacred seat, His vulture eye
pursued the trip of those small glancing feet. Macaulay.
Glance
Glance (?), v. t.
1. To shoot or dart suddenly or obliquely; to cast for a moment; as,
to glance the eye.
2. To hint at; to touch lightly or briefly. [Obs.]
In company I often glanced it. Shak.
Glancing
Glan"cing (?), a.
1. Shooting, as light.
When through the gancing lightnings fly. Rowe.
2. Flying off (after striking) in an oblique direction; as, a glancing
shot.
Glancingly
Glan"cing*ly, adv. In a glancing manner; transiently; incidentally;
indirectly. Hakewill.
Gland
Gland (?), n. [F. glande, L. glans, glandis, acorn; akin to Gr.
Parable, n.]
1. (Anat.) (a) An organ for secreting something to be used in, or
eliminated from, the body; as, the sebaceous glands of the skin; the
salivary glands of the mouth. (b) An organ or part which resembles a
secreting, or true, gland, as the ductless, lymphatic, pineal, and
pituitary glands, the functions of which are very imperfectly known.
NOTE: &hand; Th e tr ue se creting glands are, in principle, narrow
pouches of the mucous membranes, or of the integument, lined with a
continuation of the epithelium, or of the epidermis, the cells of
which produce the secretion from the blood. In the larger glands,
the pouches are tubular, greatly elongated, and coiled, as in the
sweat glands, or subdivided and branched, making compound and
racemose glands, such as the pancreas.
2. (Bot.) (a) A special organ of plants, usually minute and globular,
which often secretes some kind of resinous, gummy, or aromatic
product. (b) Any very small prominence.
3. (Steam Mach.) The movable part of a stuffing box by which the
packing is compressed; -- sometimes called a follower. See Illust. of
Stuffing box, under Stuffing.
4. (Mach.) The crosspiece of a bayonet clutch.
Glandage
Glan"dage (?), n. [Cf. OF. glandage. See Gland.] A feeding on nuts or
mast. [Obs.] Crabb.
Glandered
Glan"dered (?), a. Affected with glanders; as, a glandered horse. Yu
Glanderous
Glan"der*ous (?), a. Of or pertaining to glanders; of the nature of
glanders. Youatt.
Glanders
Glan"ders (?), n. [From Gland.] (Far.) A highly contagious and very
destructive disease of horses, asses, mules, etc., characterized by a
constant discharge of sticky matter from the nose, and an enlargement
and induration of the glands beneath and within the lower jaw. It may
transmitted to dogs, goats, sheep, and to human beings.
Glandiferous
Glan*dif"er*ous (?), a. [L. glandifer; glans, glandis, acorn + ferre
to bear; cf. F. glandif\'8are.] Bearing acorns or other nuts; as,
glandiferous trees.
Glandiform
Gland"i*form (?), a. [L. glans, glandis, acorn + -form: cf. F.
glandiforme .] Having the form of a gland or nut; resembling a gland.
Glandular
Glan"du*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. glandulaire. See Glandule.] Containing or
supporting glands; consisting of glands; pertaining to glands.
Glandulation
Glan`du*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. glandulation.] (Bot.) The situation
and structure of the secretory vessels in plants. Martyn.
Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are either
glandules, follicles, or utricles. J. Lee.
Glandule
Glan"dule (?), n. [L. glandula, dim. of glans, glandis, acorn: cf. F.
glandule. See Gland.] A small gland or secreting vessel.
Glanduliferous
Glan`du*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. glandula gland + -ferous; cf. F.
glandulif\'8are.] Bearing glandules.
Glandulose
Glan"du*lose` (?), a. Same as Glandulous.
Glandulosity
Glan`du*los"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being glandulous; a collection of
glands. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Glandulous
Glan"du*lous (?), a. [L. glandulosus: cf. F. glanduleux.] Containing
glands; consisting of glands; pertaining to glands; resembling glands.
Glans
Glans (?) n.; pl. Glandes (#). [L. See Gland.]
1. (Anat.) The vascular body which forms the apex of the penis, and
the extremity of the clitoris.
2. (Bot.) The acorn or mast of the oak and similar fruits. Gray.
3. (Med.) (a) Goiter. (b) A pessary. [Obs.]
Glare
Glare (gl&acir;r), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glared (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glaring.] [OE. glaren, gloren; cf. AS. gl\'91r amber, LG. glaren to
glow or burn like coals, D. gloren to glimmer; prob. akin to E.
glass.]
1. To shine with a bright, dazzling light.
The cavern glares with new-admitted light. Dryden.
2. To look with fierce, piercing eyes; to stare earnestly, angrily, or
fiercely.
And eye that scorcheth all it glares upon. Byron.
3. To be bright and intense, as certain colors; to be ostentatiously
splendid or gay.
She glares in balls, front boxes, and the ring. Pope.
Glare
Glare, v. t. To shoot out, or emit, as a dazzling light.
Every eye Glared lightning, and shot forth pernicious fire. Milton.
Glare
Glare, n.
1. A bright, dazzling light; splendor that dazzles the eyes; a
confusing and bewildering light.
The frame of burnished steel that cast a glare. Dryden.
2. A fierce, piercing look or stare.
About them round, A lion now he stalks with fiery glare. Milton.
3. A viscous, transparent substance. See Glair.
4. A smooth, bright, glassy surface; as, a glare of ice. [U. S. ]
Glare
Glare, a. [See Glary, and Glare, n.] Smooth and bright or translucent;
-- used almost exclusively of ice; as, skating on glare ice. [U.
S.]<-- used generally of reflections of the sun -->
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Glareous
Glar"e*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. glaireux. See Glair.] Glairy. John Georgy
(1766).
Glariness, Glaringness
Glar"i*ness (?), Glar"ing*ness, n. A dazzling luster or brilliancy.
Glaring
Glar"ing, a. Clear; notorious; open and bold; barefaced; as, a glaring
crime. -- Glar"ing*ly, adv.
Glary
Glar"y (?), a. Of a dazzling luster; glaring; bright; shining; smooth.
Bright, crystal glass is glary. Boyle.
Glass
Glass (?), n. [OE. glas, gles, AS. gl\'91s; akin to D., G., Dan., &
Sw. glas, Icel. glas, gler, Dan. glar; cf. AS. gl\'91r amber, L.
glaesum. Cf. Glare, n., Glaze, v. t.]
1. A hard, brittle, translucent, and commonly transparent substance,
white or colored, having a conchoidal fracture, and made by fusing
together sand or silica with lime, potash, soda, or lead oxide. It is
used for window panes and mirrors, for articles of table and culinary
use, for lenses, and various articles of ornament.
NOTE: &hand; Gl ass is va riously co lored by the metallic oxides;
thus, manganese colors it violet; copper (cuprous), red, or
(cupric) green; cobalt, blue; uranium, yellowish green or canary
yellow; iron, green or brown; gold, purple or red; tin, opaque
white; chromium, emerald green; antimony, yellow.
2. (Chem.) Any substance having a peculiar glassy appearance, and a
conchoidal fracture, and usually produced by fusion.
3. Anything made of glass. Especially: (a) A looking-glass; a mirror.
(b) A vessel filled with running sand for measuring time; an
hourglass; and hence, the time in which such a vessel is exhausted of
its sand.
She would not live The running of one glass. Shak.
(c) A drinking vessel; a tumbler; a goblet; hence, the contents of
such a vessel; especially; spirituous liquors; as, he took a glass at
dinner. (d) An optical glass; a lens; a spyglass; -- in the plural,
spectacles; as, a pair of glasses; he wears glasses. (e) A
weatherglass; a barometer.
NOTE: &hand; Gl ass is much used adjectively or in combination; as,
glass maker, or glassmaker; glass making or glassmaking; glass
blower or glassblower, etc.
Bohemian glass, Cut glass, etc. See under Bohemian, Cut, etc. -- Crown
glass, a variety of glass, used for making the finest plate or window
glass, and consisting essentially of silicate of soda or potash and
lime, with no admixture of lead; the convex half of an achromatic lens
is composed of crown glass; -- so called from a crownlike shape given
it in the process of blowing. -- Crystal glass, OR Flint glass. See
Flint glass, in the Vocabulary. -- Cylinder glass, sheet glass made by
blowing the glass in the form of a cylinder which is then split
longitudinally, opened out, and flattened. -- Glass of antimony, a
vitreous oxide of antimony mixed with sulphide. -- Glass blower, one
whose occupation is to blow and fashion glass. -- Glass blowing, the
art of shaping glass, when reduced by heat to a viscid state, by
inflating it through a tube. -- Glass cloth, a woven fabric formed of
glass fibers. -- Glass coach, a coach superior to a hackney-coach,
hired for the day, or any short period, as a private carriage; -- so
called because originally private carriages alone had glass windows.
[Eng.] Smart.
Glass coaches are [allowed in English parks from which ordinary
hacks are excluded], meaning by this term, which is never used in
America, hired carriages that do not go on stands. J. F. Cooper.
-- Glass cutter. (a) One who cuts sheets of glass into sizes for
window panes, ets. (b) One who shapes the surface of glass by grinding
and polishing. (c) A tool, usually with a diamond at the point, for
cutting glass. -- Glass cutting. (a) The act or process of dividing
glass, as sheets of glass into panes with a diamond. (b) The act or
process of shaping the surface of glass by appylying it to revolving
wheels, upon which sand, emery, and, afterwards, polishing powder, are
applied; especially of glass which is shaped into facets, tooth
ornaments, and the like. Glass having ornamental scrolls, etc., cut
upon it, is said to be engraved. -- Glass metal, the fused material
for making glass. -- Glass painting, the art or process of producing
decorative effects in glass by painting it with enamel colors and
combining the pieces together with slender sash bars of lead or other
metal. In common parlance, glass painting and glass staining (see
Glass staining, below) are used indifferently for all colored
decorative work in windows, and the like. -- Glass paper, paper faced
with pulvirezed glass, and used for abrasive purposes. -- Glass silk,
fine threads of glass, wound, when in fusion, on rapidly rotating
heated cylinders. -- Glass silvering, the process of transforming
plate glass into mirrors by coating it with a reflecting surface, a
deposit of silver, or a mercury amalgam. -- Glass soap, OR
Glassmaker's soap, the black oxide of manganese or other substances
used by glass makers to take away color from the materials for glass.
-- Glass staining, the art or practice of coloring glass in its whole
substance, or, in the case of certain colors, in a superficial film
only; also, decorative work in glass. Cf. Glass painting. -- Glass
tears. See Rupert's drop. -- Glass works, an establishment where glass
is made. -- Heavy glass, a heavy optical glass, consisting essentially
of a borosilicate of potash. -- Millefiore glass. See Millefiore. --
Plate glass, a fine kind of glass, cast in thick plates, and flattened
by heavy rollers, -- used for mirrors and the best windows. -- Pressed
glass, glass articles formed in molds by pressure when hot. -- Soluble
glass (Chem.), a silicate of sodium or potassium, found in commerce as
a white, glassy mass, a stony powder, or dissolved as a viscous,
sirupy liquid; -- used for rendering fabrics incombustible, for
hardening artificial stone, etc.; -- called also water glass. -- Spun
glass, glass drawn into a thread while liquid. -- Toughened glass,
Tempered glass, glass finely tempered or annealed, by a peculiar
method of sudden cooling by plunging while hot into oil, melted wax,
or paraffine, etc.; -- called also, from the name of the inventor of
the process, Bastie glass. -- Water glass. (Chem.) See Soluble glass,
above. -- Window glass, glass in panes suitable for windows.
Glass
Glass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glassing.]
1. To reflect, as in a mirror; to mirror; -- used reflexively.
Happy to glass themselves in such a mirror. Motley.
Where the Almighty's form glasses itself in tempests. Byron.
2. To case in glass. [R.] Shak.
3. To cover or furnish with glass; to glaze. Boyle.
4. To smooth or polish anything, as leater, by rubbing it with a glass
burnisher.
Glass-crab
Glass"-crab` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larval state (Phyllosoma) of the
genus Palinurus and allied genera. It is remarkable for its strange
outlines, thinness, and transparency. See Phyllosoma.
Glassen
Glass"en (?), a. Glassy; glazed. [Obs.]
And pursues the dice with glassen eyes. B. Jonson.
Glasseye
Glass"eye` (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A fish of the great lakes; the wall-eyed pike.
2. (Far.) A species of blindness in horses in which the eye is bright
and the pupil dilated; a sort of amaurosis. Youatt.
Glass-faced
Glass"-faced` (?), a. Mirror-faced; reflecting the sentiments of
another. [R.] "The glass-faced flatterer." Shak.
Glassful
Glass"ful (?), n.; pl. Glassfuls (. The contents of a glass; as much
of anything as a glass will hold.
Glassful
Glass"ful, a. Glassy; shining like glass. [Obs.] "Minerva's glassful
shield." Marston.
Glass-gazing
Glass"-gaz`ing (?), a. Given to viewing one's self in a glass or
mirror; finical. [Poetic] Shak.
Glasshouse
Glass"house` (?), n. A house where glass is made; a commercial house
that deals in glassware.
Glassily
Glass"i*ly (?), adv. So as to resemble glass.
Glassiness
Glass"i*ness, n. The quality of being glassy.
Glassite
Glass"ite (?), n. A member of a Scottish sect, founded in the 18th
century by John Glass, a minister of the Established Church of
Scotland, who taught that justifying faith is "no more than a simple
assent to the divine testimone passively recived by the
understanding." The English and American adherents of this faith are
called Sandemanians, after Robert Sandeman, the son-in-law and
disciple of Glass.
Glass maker, OR Glassmaker
Glass" mak`er (?), OR Glass"mak`er, n. One who makes, or manufactures,
glass. -- Glass" mak`ing, OR Glass"mak`ing, n.
Glass-rope
Glass"-rope` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A remarkable vitreous sponge, of the
genus Hyalonema, first brought from Japan. It has a long stem,
consisting of a bundle of long and large, glassy, siliceous fibers,
twisted together.
Glass-snail
Glass"-snail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small, transparent, land snail, of
the genus Vitrina.
Glass-snake
Glass"-snake` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A long, footless lizard (Ophiosaurus
ventralis), of the Southern United States; -- so called from its
fragility, the tail easily breaking into small pieces. It grows to the
length of three feet. The name is applied also to similar species
found in the Old World.
Glass-sponge
Glass"-sponge` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A siliceous sponge, of the genus
Hyalonema, and allied genera; -- so called from their glassy fibers or
spicules; -- called also vitreous sponge. See Glass-rope, and
Euplectella.
Glassware
Glass"ware (?), n. Ware, or articles collectively, made of glass.
Glasswork
Glass"work` (?), n. Manufacture of glass; articles or ornamentation
made of glass.
Glasswort
Glass"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A seashore plant of the Spinach family
(Salicornia herbacea), with succulent jointed stems; also, a prickly
plant of the same family (Salsola Kali), both formerly burned for the
sake of the ashes, which yield soda for making glass and soap.
Glassy
Glass"y (?), a.
1. Made of glass; vitreous; as, a glassy substance. Bacon.
2. Resembling glass in its properties, as in smoothness, brittleness,
or transparency; as, a glassy stream; a glassy surface; the glassy
deep.
3. Dull; wanting life or fire; lackluster; -- said of the eyes. "In
his glassy eye." Byron.
Glassy feldspar (Min.), a variety of orthoclase; sanidine.
Glasstonbury thorn
Glass"ton*bur*y thorn` (?). (Bot.) A variety of the common hawthorn.
Loudon.
Glasynge
Glas"ynge (?), n. Glazing or glass. [Obs.]
Glauberite
Glau"ber*ite (?), n. [From Glauber, a German chemist, died 1668: cf.
F. glaub\'82rite, G. glauberit.] (Min.) A mineral, consisting of the
sulphates of soda and lime.
Glauber's salt OR Glauber's salts
Glau"ber's salt` (?) OR Glau"ber's salts` (. [G. glaubersalz, from
Glauber, a German chemist who discovered it. See Glauberite.] Sulphate
of soda, a well-known cathartic. It is a white crystalline substance,
with a cooling, slightly bitter taste, and is commonly called "salts."
NOTE: &hand; It oc curs na turally an d abundantly in some mineral
springs, and in many salt deposits, as the mineral mirabilite. It
is manufactured in large quantities as an intermediate step in the
"soda process," and also for use in glass making.
Glaucescent
Glau*ces"cent (?), a. [See Glaucous.] Having a somewhat glaucous
appearance or nature; becoming glaucous.
Glaucic
Glau"cic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to the Glaucium or horned
poppy; -- formerly applied to an acid derived from it, now known to be
fumaric acid.
Glaucine
Glau"cine (?), a. Glaucous or glaucescent.
Glaucine
Glau"cine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid obtained from the plant
Glaucium, as a bitter, white, crystalline substance.
Glaucodot
Glau"co*dot (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A metallic mineral having a grayish
tin-white color, and containing cobalt and iron, with sulphur and
arsenic.
Glaucoma
Glau*co"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) Dimness or abolition of sight,
with a diminution of transparency, a bluish or greenish tinge of the
refracting media of the eye, and a hard inelastic condition of the
eyeball, with marked increase of tension within the eyeball.
Glaucomatous
Glau*co"ma*tous (?), a. Having the nature of glaucoma.
Glaucometer
Glau*com"e*ter (?), n. See Gleucometer.
Glauconite
Glau"co*nite (?), n. [Cf. F. glauconite, glauconie, fr. L. glaucus.
See Glaucous.] (Min.) The green mineral characteristic of the
greensand of the chalk and other formations. It is a hydrous silicate
of iron and potash. See Greensand.
Glaucophane
Glau"co*phane (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A mineral of a dark bluish color,
related to amphibole. It is characteristic of certain crystalline
rocks.
Glaucosis
Glau*co"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Same as Glaucoma.
Glaucous
Glau"cous (?), a. [L. glaucus, Gr.
1. Of a sea-green color; of a dull green passing into grayish blue.
Lindley.
2. (Bot.) Covered with a fine bloom or fine white powder easily rubbed
off, as that on a blue plum, or on a cabbage leaf. Gray.
Glaucus
Glau"cus (?), n. [L., sea green.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of nudibranchiate
mollusks, found in the warmer latitudes, swimming in the open sea.
These mollusks are beautifully colored with blue and silvery white.
Glaum
Glaum (?), v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.] To grope with the hands, as in
the dark. [Scot.] To glaum at, to grasp or snatch at; to aspire to.
Wha glaum'd at kingdoms three. Burns.
Glave
Glave (?), n. See Glaive.
Glaver
Glav"er (?), v. i. [Of Celtic origin; cf. W. glafr flattery.]
1. To prate; to jabber; to babble. [Obs.]
Here many, clepid filosophirs, glavern diversely. Wyclif.
2. To flatter; to wheedle. [Obs.]
Some slavish, glavering, flattering parasite. South.
Glaverer
Glav"er*er (?), n. A flatterer. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.
Glaymore
Glay"more` (?), n. A claymore. Johnson.
Glase
Glase (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glazing.]
[OE. glasen, glazen, fr. glas. See Glass.]
1. To furnish (a window, a house, a sash, a ease, etc.) with glass.
Two cabinets daintily paved, richly handed, and glazed with
crystalline glass. Bacon.
2. To incrust, cover, or overlay with a thin surface, consisting of,
or resembling, glass; as, to glaze earthenware; hence, to render
smooth, glasslike, or glossy; as, to glaze paper, gunpowder, and the
like.
Sorrow's eye glazed with blinding tears. Shak.
3. (Paint.) To apply thinly a transparent or semitransparent color to
(another color), to modify the effect.
Glaze
Glaze, v. i. To become glazed of glassy.
Glaze
Glaze, n.
1. The vitreous coating of pottery or porcelain; anything used as a
coating or color in glazing. See Glaze, v. t., 3. Ure.
2. (Cookery) Broth reduced by boiling to a gelatinous paste, and
spread thinly over braised dishes.
3. A glazing oven. See Glost oven.
Glazen
Glaz"en (?), a. [AS. gl\'91sen.] Resembling glass; glasslike; glazed.
[Obs.] Wyclif.
Glazer
Glaz"er (?), n.
1. One who applies glazing, as in pottery manufacture, etc.; one who
gives a glasslike or glossy surface to anything; a calenderer or
smoother of cloth, paper, and the like.
2. A tool or machine used in glazing, polishing, smoothing, etc.;
amoung cutlers and lapidaries, a wooden wheel covered with emery, or
having a band of lead and tin alloy, for polishing cutlery, etc.
Glazier
Gla"zier (?), n. [From Glaze.] One whose business is to set glass.
Glazier's diamond. See under Diamond.
Glazing
Glaz"ing (?), n.
1. The act or art of setting glass; the art of covering with a
vitreous or glasslike substance, or of polishing or rendering glossy.
2. The glass set, or to be set, in a sash, frame. etc.
3. The glass, glasslike, or glossy substance with which any surface is
incrusted or overlaid; as, the glazing of pottery or porcelain, or of
paper.
4. (Paint.) Transparent, or semitransparent, colors passed thinly over
other colors, to modify the effect.
Glazy
Glaz"y (?), a. Having a glazed appearance; -- said of the fractured
surface of some kinds of pin iron.
Glead
Glead (?), n. A live coal. See Gleed. [Archaic]
Gleam
Gleam (?), v. i. [Cf. OE. glem birdlime, glue, phlegm, and E.
englaimed.] (Falconry) To disgorge filth, as a hawk.
Gleam
Gleam, n. [OE. glem, gleam, AS. gl\'91m, prob. akin to E. glimmer, and
perh. to Gr. Glitter.]
1. A shoot of light; a small stream of light; a beam; a ray; a
glimpse.
Transient unexpected gleams of joi. Addison.
At last a gleam Of dawning light turned thitherward in haste His
[Satan's] traveled steps. Milton.
A glimmer, and then a gleam of light. Longfellow.
2. Brightness; splendor.
In the clear azure gleam the flocks are seen. Pope.
Gleam
Gleam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gleamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gleaming.]
1. To shoot, or dart, as rays of light; as, at the dawn, light gleams
in the east.
2. To shine; to cast light; to glitter. Syn. -- To Gleam, Glimmer,
Glitter. To gleam denotes a faint but distinct emission of light. To
glimmer describes an indistinct and unsteady giving of light. To
glitter imports a brightness that is intense, but varying. The morning
light gleams upon the earth; a distant taper glimmers through the
mist; a dewdrop glitters in the sun. See Flash.
Gleam
Gleam, v. t. To shoot out (flashes of light, etc.).
Dying eyes gleamed forth their ashy lights. Shak.
Gleamy
Gleam"y, a. Darting beams of light; casting light in rays; flashing;
coruscating.
In brazed arms, that cast a gleamy ray, Swift through the town the
warrior bends his way. Pope.
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Glean
Glean (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gleaned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gleaning.]
[OE. glenen, OF. glener, glaner, F. glaner, fr. LL. glenare; cf. W.
glan clean, glanh to clean, purify, or AS. gelm, gilm, a hand
1. To gather after a reaper; to collect in scattered or fragmentary
parcels, as the grain left by a reaper, or grapes left after the
gathering.
To glean the broken ears after the man That the main harvest reaps.
Shak.
2. To gather from (a field or vineyard) what is left.
3. To collect with patient and minute labor; to pick out; to obtain.
Content to glean what we can from . . . experiments. Locke.
Glean
Glean, v. i.
1. To gather stalks or ears of grain left by reapers.
And she went, and came, and gleaned in the field after the reapers.
Ruth ii. 3.
2. To pick up or gather anything by degrees.
Piecemeal they this acre first, then that; Glean on, and gather up
the whole estate. Pope.
Glean
Glean, n. A collection made by gleaning.
The gleans of yellow thyme distend his thighs. Dryden.
Glean
Glean, n. Cleaning; afterbirth. [Obs.] Holland.
Gleaner
Glean"er (?), n.
1. One who gathers after reapers.
2. One who gathers slowly with labor. Locke.
Gleaning
Glean"ing, n. The act of gathering after reapers; that which is
collected by gleaning.
Glenings of natural knowledge. Cook.
Glebe
Glebe (?), n. [F. gl\'8abe, L. gleba, glaeba, clod, land, soil.]
1. A lump; a clod.
2. Turf; soil; ground; sod.
Fertile of corn the glebe, of oil, and wine. Milton.
3. (Eccl. Law) The land belonging, or yielding revenue, to a parish
church or ecclesiastical benefice.
Glebeless
Glebe"less, a. Having no glebe.
Glebosity
Gle*bos"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being glebous. [R.]
Glebous, Gleby
Gleb"ous (?), Gleb"y (?), a. [Cf. L. glaebosus cloddy.] Pertaining to
the glebe; turfy; cloddy; fertile; fruitful. "Gleby land." Prior.
Glede
Glede (?), n. [AS. glida, akin to Icel. gle,, Sw. glada. Cf. Glide, v.
i.] (Zo\'94l.) The common European kite (Milvus ictinus). This name is
also sometimes applied to the buzzard. [Written also glead, gled,
gleed, glade, and glide.]
Glede
Glede, n. [See Gleed.] A live coal. [Archaic]
The cruel ire, red as any glede. Chaucer.
Glee
Glee (?), n. [OE. gle, gleo, AS. gle\'a2w, gle\'a2, akin to Icel. gl:
cf. Gr.
1. Music; minstrelsy; entertainment. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. Joy; merriment; mirth; gayety; paricularly, the mirth enjoyed at a
feast. Spenser.
3. (Mus.) An unaccompanied part song for three or more solo voices. It
is not necessarily gleesome.
Gleed
Gleed (?), n. [AS. gl, fr. gl to glow as a fire; akin to D. gloed, G.
glut, Icel. gl. See Glow, v. i.] A live or glowing coal; a glede.
[Archaic] Chaucer. Longfellow.
Gleeful
Glee"ful (?), a. Merry; gay; joyous. Shak.
Gleek
Gleek (?), n. [Prob. fr. Icel. leika to play, play a trick on, with
the prefix ge-; akin to AS. gel\'becan, Sw. leka to play, Dan. lege.]
1. A jest or scoff; a trick or deception. [Obs.]
Where's the Bastard's braves, and Charles his gleeks ? Shak.
2. [Cf. Glicke] An enticing look or glance. [Obs.]
A pretty gleek coming from Pallas' eye. Beau. & Fl.
Gleek
Gleek, v. i. To make sport; to gibe; to sneer; to spend time idly.
[Obs.] Shak.
Gleek
Gleek, n. [OF. glic, G. gl\'81ck, fortune. See Luck.]
1. A game at cards, once popular, played by three persons. [Obs.]
Pepys. Evelyn.
2. Three of the same cards held in the same hand; -- hence, three of
anything. [Obs.]
Gleeman
Glee"man (?), n.; pl. Gleemen (#). [Glee + man; AS. gle\'a2man.] A
name anciently given to an itinerant minstrel or musician.
Gleen
Gleen (?), v. i. [Cf. Glance, Glint.] To glisten; to gleam. [Obs.]
Prior.
Gleesome
Glee"some (?), a. Merry; joyous; gleeful.
Gleet
Gleet (?), n. [OE. glette, glet, glat, mucus, pus, filth, OF. glete.]
(Med.) A transparent mucous discharge from the membrane of the
urethra, commonly an effect of gonorrhea. Hoblyn.
Gleet
Gleet, v. i.
1. To flow in a thin, limpid humor; to ooze, as gleet. Wiseman.
2. To flow slowly, as water. Cheyne.
Gleety
Gleet"y (?), a. Ichorous; thin; limpid. Wiseman.
Gleg
Gleg (?), a. [Icel. gl\'94ggr.] Quick of perception; alert; sharp.
[Scot.] Jamieson.
Gleire, Gleyre
Gleire (?), Gleyre, n. See Glair. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Glen
Glen (?), n. [Of Celtic origin; cf. W. glyn a deep valley, Ir. & Gael.
gleann valley, glen.] A secluded and narrow valley; a dale; a
depression between hills.
And wooes the widow's daughter of the glen. Spenser.
Glenlivat, Glenlivet
Glen*liv"at (?), Glen*liv"et (?), n. A kind of Scotch whisky, named
from the district in which it was first made. W. E. Aytoun.
Glenoid
Gle"noid (?), a. [Gr. gl\'82no\'8bde.] (Anat.) Having the form of a
smooth and shallow depression; sockas, the glenoid cavity, or fossa,
of the scapula, in which the head of the humerus articulates.
Glenoidal
Gle*noid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Glenoid.
Glent
Glent (?), n. & v. See Glint.
Gleucometer
Gleu*com"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. gleucom\'8atre.] An
instrument for measuring the specific gravity and ascertaining the
quantity of sugar contained in must.
Glew
Glew (?), n. See Glue. [Obs.]
Gley
Gley (?), v. i. [OE. gli, glien, gleien, to shine, to squint; cf.
Icel. glj\'be to glitter.] To squint; to look obliquely; to overlook
things. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Gley
Gley (?), adv. Asquint; askance; obliquely.
Gliadin
Gli"a*din (?), n. [Gr. gliadine.] (Chem.) Vegetable glue or gelatin;
glutin. It is one of the constituents of wheat gluten, and is a tough,
amorphous substance, which resembles animal glue or gelatin.
Glib
Glib (?), a. [Compar. Glibber (?); superl. Glibbest (?).] [Prob. fr.
D. glibberen, glippen, to slide, glibberig, glipperig, glib,
slippery.]
1. Smooth; slippery; as, ice is glib. [Obs.]
2. Speaking or spoken smoothly and with flippant rapidity; fluent;
voluble; as, a glib tongue; a glib speech.
I want that glib and oily art, To speak and purpose not. Shak.
Syn. -- Slippery; smooth; fluent; voluble; flippant.
Glib
Glib, v. t. To make glib. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Glib
Glib, n. [Ir. & Gael. glib a lock of hair.] A thick lock of hair,
hanging over the eyes. [Obs.]
The Irish have, from the Scythians, mantles and long glibs, which
is a thick curied bush of hair hanging down over their eyes, and
monstrously disguising them. Spenser.
Their wild costume of the glib and mantle. Southey.
Glib
Glib, v. t. [Cf. O. & Prov. E. lib to castrate, geld, Prov. Dan. live,
LG. & OD. lubben.] To castrate; to geld; to emasculate. [Obs.] Shak.
Gilbbery
Gilb"ber*y (?), a.
1. Slippery; changeable. [Obs.]
My love is glibbery; there is no hold on't. Marston.
2. Moving easily; nimble; voluble. [Obs.]
Thy lubrical and glibbery muse. B. Jonson.
Glibly
Glib"ly, adv. In a glib manner; as, to speak glibly.
Glibness
Glib"ness, n. The quality of being glib.
Glicke
Glicke (?), n. [Cf. Gleek, n., 2, and Ir. & Gael. glic wise, cunning,
crafty.] An ogling look. [Obs.]
Glidden
Glid"den (?), obs. p. p. of Glide. Chaucer.
Glidder, Gliddery
Glid"der (?), Glid"der*y (?), a. [Cf. Glide.] Giving no sure footing;
smooth; slippery. [Prov. Eng.]
Shingle, slates, and gliddery stones. R. D. Blackmore.
Glide
Glide (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The glede or kite.
Glide
Glide, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glided; p. pr. & vb. n. Gliding.] [AS.
gl\'c6dan; akin to D. glijden, OHG. gl\'c6tan, G. gleiten, Sw. glida,
Dan. glide, and prob. to E. glad.]
1. To move gently and smoothly; to pass along without noise, violence,
or apparent effort; to pass rapidly and easily, or with a smooth,
silent motion, as a river in its channel, a bird in the air, a skater
over ice.
The river glideth at his own sweet will. Wordsworth.
2. (Phon.) To pass with a glide, as the voice.
Glide
Glide, n.
1. The act or manner of moving smoothly, swiftly, and without labor or
obstruction.
They prey at last ensnared, he dreadful darts, With rapid glide,
along the leaning line. Thomson.
Seeing Orlando, it unlink'd itself, And with indented glides did
slip away. Shak.
2. (Phon.) A transitional sound in speech which is produced by the
changing of the mouth organs from one definite position to another,
and with gradual change in the most frequent cases; as in passing from
the begining to the end of a regular diphthong, or from vowel to
consonant or consonant to vowel in a syllable, or from one component
to the other of a double or diphthongal consonant (see Guide to
Pronunciation, §§ 19, 161, 162). Also (by Bell and others), the vanish
(or brief final element) or the brief initial element, in a class of
diphthongal vowels, or the brief final or initial part of some
consonants (see Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 18, 97, 191).
NOTE: &hand; Th e on-glide of a vowel or consonant is the glidemade
in passing to it, the off-glide, one made in passing from it.
Glides of the other sort are distinguished as initial or final, or
fore-glides and after-glides. For voice-glide, see Guide to
Pronunciation, §§ 17, 95.
Gliden
Glid"en (?), obs. p. p. of Glide. Chaucer.
Glider
Glid"er (?), n. One who, or that which, glides.
Glidingly
Glid"ing*ly, adv. In a gliding manner.
Gliff
Gliff (?), n. [Cf. OE. gliffen, gliften, to look with fear at.]
1. A transient glance; an unexpected view of something that startles
one; a sudden fear. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.
2. A moment: as, for a gliff. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Glike
Glike (?), n. [See Gleek a jest.] A sneer; a flout. [Obs.]
Glim
Glim (?), n.
1. Brightness; splendor. [Obs.]
2. A light or candle. [Slang] Dickens.
Douse the glim, put out the light. [Slang]
Glimmer
Glim"mer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glimmered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glimmering.] [Akin to G. glimmer a faint, trembling light, mica,
glimmern to glimmer, glimmen to shine faintly, glow, Sw. glimma, Dan.
glimre, D. glimmen, glimpen. See Gleam a ray, and cf. Glimpse.] To
give feeble or scattered rays of light; to shine faintly; to show a
faint, unsteady light; as, the glimmering dawn; a glimmering lamp.
The west yet glimmers with some streaks of day. Shak.
Syn. -- To gleam; to glitter. See Gleam, Flash.
Glimmer
Glim"mer, n.
1. A faint, unsteady light; feeble, scattered rays of light; also, a
gleam.
Gloss of satin and glimmer of pearls. Tennyson.
2. Mica. See Mica. Woodsward.
Glimmer gowk, an owl. [Prov. Eng.] Tennyson.
Glimmering
Glim"mer*ing, n.
1. Faint, unsteady light; a glimmer. South.
2. A faint view or idea; a glimpse; an inkling.
Glimpse
Glimpse (?), n. [For glimse, from the root of glimmer.]
1. A sudden flash; transient luster.
LIght as the lightning glimpse they ran. Milton.
2. A short, hurried view; a transitory or fragmentary perception; a
quick sight.
Here hid by shrub wood, there by glimpses seen. S. Rogers.
3. A faint idea; an inkling.
Glimpse
Glimpse (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glimpsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glimpsing.] to appear by glimpses; to catch glimpses. Drayton.
Glimpse
Glimpse, v. t. To catch a glimpse of; to see by glimpses; to have a
short or hurried view of.
Some glimpsing and no perfect sight. Chaucer.
Glint
Glint (?), n. [OE. glent.] A glimpse, glance, or gleam. [Scot.] "He
saw a glint of light." Ramsay.
Glint
Glint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Glinting.] [OE.
glenten. Cf. Glance, v. i., Glitter, v. i.] To glance; to peep forth,
as a flower from the bud; to glitter. Burns.
Glint
Glint, v. t. To glance; to turn; as, to glint the eye.
Glioma
Gli*o"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Med.) A tumor springing from
the neuroglia or connective tissue of the brain, spinal cord, or other
portions of the nervous system.
Glires
Gli"res (?), n. pl. [L., dormice.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of mammals; the
Rodentia. -- Gli"rine (#), a.
Glissade
Glis`sade" (?), n. [F., fr. glisser to slip.] A sliding, as down a
snow slope in the Alps. Tyndall.
Glissando
Glis*san"do (?), n. & a. [As if It. = Fr. glissant sliding.] (Mus.) A
gliding effect; gliding.
Glissette
Glis*sette" (?), n. [F., fr. glisser to slip.] (Math.) The locus
described by any point attached to a curve that slips continuously on
another fixed curve, the movable curve having no rotation at any
instant.
Glist
Glist (?), n. [From Glisten.] Glimmer; mica.
Glisten
Glis"ten (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glistened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glistening (?).] [OE. glistnian, akin to glisnen, glisien, AS.
glisian, glisnian, akin to E. glitter. See Glitter, v. i., and cf.
Glister, v. i.] To sparkle or shine; especially, to shine with a mild,
subdued, and fitful luster; to emit a soft, scintillating light; to
gleam; as, the glistening stars. Syn. -- See Flash.
Glister
Glis"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glistered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glistering.] [OE. glistren; akin to G. glistern,glinstern, D.
glinsteren, and E. glisten. See Glisten.] To be bright; to sparkle; to
be brilliant; to shine; to glisten; to glitter.
All that glisters is not gold. Shak.
Glister
Glis"ter, n. Glitter; luster.
Glister
Glis"ter, n. [Cf. OF. glistere.] Same as Clyster.
Glisteringly
Glis"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a glistering manner.
Glitter
Glit"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glittered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glittering.] [OE. gliteren; akin to Sw. glittra, Icel. glitra, glita,
AS. glitenian, OS. gl\'c6tan, OHG. gl\'c6zzan, G. gleissen, Goth.
glitmunjan, and also to E. glint, glisten, and prob. glance, gleam.]
1. To sparkle with light; to shine with a brilliant and broken light
or showy luster; to gleam; as, a glittering sword.
The field yet glitters with the pomp of war. Dryden.
2. To be showy, specious, or striking, and hence attractive; as, the
glittering scenes of a court. Syn. -- To gleam; to glisten; to shine;
to sparkle; to glare. See Gleam, Flash.
Glitter
Glit"ter, n. A bright, sparkling light; brilliant and showy luster;
brilliancy; as, the glitter of arms; the glitter of royal equipage.
Milton.
Glitterand
Glit"ter*and (?), a. Glittering. [Obs.] Spenser.
Glitteringly
Glit"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a glittering manner.
Gloam
Gloam (?), v. i. [See Gloom, Glum.]
1. To begin to grow dark; to grow dusky.
2.
To be sullen or morose. [Obs.]
Gloam
Gloam, n. The twilight; gloaming. [R.] Keats.
Gloaming
Gloam"ing, n. [See Gloom.]
1. Twilight; dusk; the fall of the evening. [Scot. & North of Eng.,
and in poetry.] Hogg.
2. Sullenness; melancholy. [Obs.] J. Still.
Gloar
Gloar (?), v. i. [OD. gloeren, glueren, gluyeren. Cf. Glower.] To
squint; to stare. [Obs.]
Gloat
Gloat (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gloated; p. pr. & vb. n. Gloating.]
[Akin to Icel. glotta to smile scornfully, G. glotzen to gloat.] To
look steadfastly; to gaz
In vengeance gloating on another's pain. Byron.
Globard
Glo"bard (?), n. [OE. globerde, from glow.] A glowworm. [>Obs.]
Holland.
Globate, Globated
Glo"bate (?), Glo"ba*ted (?), a. [L. globatus, p. p. of globare to
make into a ball, fr. globus ball.] Having the form of a globe;
spherical.
Globe
Globe (?), n. [L. globus, perh. akin to L. glomus a ball of yarn, and
E. clump, golf: cf. F. globe.]
1. A round or spherical body, solid or hollow; a body whose surface is
in every part equidistant from the center; a ball; a sphere.
2. Anything which is nearly spherical or globular in shape; as, the
globe of the eye; the globe of a lamp.
3. The earth; the terraqueous ball; -- usually preceded by the
definite article. Locke.
4. A round model of the world; a spherical representation of the earth
or heavens; as, a terrestrial or celestial globe; -- called also
artificial globe.
5. A body of troops, or of men or animals, drawn up in a circle; -- a
military formation used by the Romans, answering to the modern
infantry square.
Him round A globe of fiery seraphim inclosed. Milton.
Globe amaranth (Bot.), a plant of the genus Gomphrena (G. globosa),
bearing round heads of variously colored flowers, which long retain
color when gathered. -- Globe animalcule, a small, globular,
locomotive organism (Volvox globator), once throught to be an animal,
afterward supposed to be a colony of microscopic alg\'91. -- Globe of
compression (Mil.), a kind of mine producing a wide crater; -- called
also overcharged mine. -- Globe daisy (Bot.), a plant or flower of the
genus Globularing, common in Europe. The flowers are minute and form
globular heads. -- Globe sight, a form of front sight placed on target
rifles. -- Globe slater (Zo\'94l.), an isopod crustacean of the genus
Spheroma. -- Globe thistle (Bot.), a thistlelike plant with the
flowers in large globular heads (Cynara Scolymus); also, certain
species of the related genus Echinops. -- Globe valve. (a) A ball
valve. (b) A valve inclosed in a globular chamber. Knight.
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Page 631
Syn. -- Globe, Sphere, Orb, Ball. -- Globe denotes a round, and
usually a solid body; sphere is the term applied in astronomy to such
a body, or to the concentric spheres or orbs of the old astronomers;
orb is used, especially in poetry, for globe or sphere, and also for
the pathway of a heavenly body; ball is applied to the heavenly bodies
concieved of as impelled through space.
Globe
Globe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Globed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Globing.]
To gather or form into a globe.
Globefish
Globe"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A plectognath fish of the genera
Diodon, Tetrodon, and allied genera. The globefishes can suck in water
or air and distend the body to a more or less globular form. Called
also porcupine fish, and sea hedgehog. See Diodon.
Globeflower
Globe"flow`er (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Trollius (T.
Europ\'91us), found in the mountainous parts of Europe, and producing
handsome globe-shaped flowers. (b) The American plant Trollius laxus.
Japan globeflower. See Corchorus.
Globe-shaped
Globe"-shaped` (?), a. Shaped like a globe.
Globiferous
Glo*bif"er*ous (?), a. [Globe + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a round or
globular tip.
Globigerina
Glo*big`e*ri"na (?), n.; pl. Globigerin&ae; (#). [NL., fr. L. globus a
round body + gerere to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small
Foraminifera, which live abundantly at or near the surface of the sea.
Their dead shells, falling to the bottom, make up a large part of the
soft mud, generally found in depths below 3,000 feet, and called
globigerina ooze. See Illust. of Foraminifera.
Globose
Glo*bose" (?), a. [L. globosus.] Having a rounded form resembling that
of a globe; globular, or nearly so; spherical. Milton.
Globosely
Glo*bose"ly, adv. In a globular manner; globularly.
Globosity
Glo*bos"i*ty (?), n. [L. globositas: cf. F. globosit\'82.] Sphericity.
Ray.
Globous
Glo"bous (?), a. [See Globose.] Spherical. Milton.
Globular
Glob"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. globulaire.] Globe-shaped; having the form
of a ball or sphere; spherical, or nearly so; as, globular atoms.
Milton. Globular chart, a chart of the earth's surface constructed on
the principles of the globular projection. -- Globular projection (Map
Projection), a perspective projection of the surface of a hemisphere
upon a plane parallel to the base of the hemisphere, the point of
sight being taken in the axis produced beyond the surface of the
opposite hemisphere a distance equal to the radius of the sphere into
the sine of 45°. -- Globular sailing, sailing on the arc of a great
circle, or so as to make the shortest distance between two places;
circular sailing.
Globularity
Glob`u*lar"i*ty (?), n. The state of being globular; globosity;
sphericity.
Globularly
Glob"u*lar*ly (?), adv. Spherically.
Globularness
Glob"u*lar*ness, n. Sphericity; globosity.
Globule
Glob"ule (?), n. [L. globulus, dim. of globus globe: cf. F. globule.]
1. A little globe; a small particle of matter, of a spherical form.
Globules of snow. Sir I. Newton.
These minute globules [a mole's eyes] are sunk . . . deeply in the
skull. Paley.
2. (Biol.) A minute spherical or rounded structure; as blood, lymph,
and pus corpuscles, minute fungi, spores, etc.
3. A little pill or pellet used by homeopathists.
Globulet
Glob"u*let (?), n. A little globule. Crabb.
Globuliferous
Glob`u*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Globule + -ferous.] Bearing globules; in
geology, used of rocks, and denoting a variety of concretionary
structure, where the concretions are isolated globules and evenly
distributed through the texture of the rock.
Globulimeter
Glob`u*lim"e*ter (?), n. [Globule + -meter.] (Physiol.) An instrument
for measuring the number of red blood corpuscles in the blood.
NOTE: &hand; The method depends on the differences of tint obtained
by mixing a sample of the blood with sodium carbonate solution.
Globulin
Glob"u*lin (?), n. [From Globule: cf. F. globuline.] (Phisiol. Chem.)
An albuminous body, insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute
solutions of salt. It is present in the red blood corpuscles united
with h\'91matin to form h\'91moglobin. It is also found in the
crystalline lens of the eye, and in blood serum, and is sometimes
called crystallin. In the plural the word is applied to a group of
proteid substances such as vitellin, myosin, fibrinogen, etc., all
insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute salt solutions.
Globulite
Glob"u*lite (?), n. [See Globule.] (Min.) A rudimentary form of
crystallite, spherical in shape.
Globulous
Glob"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. globuleux.] Globular; spherical;
orbicular. -- Glob"u*lous*ness, n.
Globy
Glob"y (?), a. Resembling, or pertaining to, a globe; round;
orbicular. "The globy sea." Milton.
Glochidiate
Glo*chid"i*ate (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having barbs; as, glochidiate
bristles. Gray.
Glochidium
Glo*chid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Glochidia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The
larva or young of the mussel, formerly thought to be a parasite upon
the parent's gills.
Glode
Glode (?), obs. imp. of Glide. Chaucer.
Glombe, Glome
Glombe (?), Glome (?), v. i. To gloom; to look gloomy, morose, or
sullen. [Obs.] Surrey.
Glome
Glome (?), n. Gloom. [Obs.]
Glome
Glome (?), n. [L. glomus a ball. Cf. Globe.] (Anat.) One of the two
prominences at the posterior extremity of the frog of the horse's
foot.
Glomerate
Glom"er*ate (?), a. [L. glomeratus, p. p. of glomerare to glomerate,
from glomus. See 3d Glome.] Gathered together in a roundish mass or
dense cluster; conglomerate.
Glomerate
Glom"er*ate (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Glomerated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Glomerating (?).] To gather or wind into a ball; to collect into a
spherical form or mass, as threads.
Glomeration
Glom`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. glomeratio.]
1. The act of forming or gathering into a ball or round mass; the
state of being gathered into a ball; conglomeration.
2. That which is formed into a ball; a ball. Bacon.
Glomerous
Glom"er*ous (?), a. [L. glomerosus, fr. glomus. See 3d Glome.]
Gathered or formed into a ball or round mass. [Obs.] Blount.
Glomerule
Glom"er*ule (?), n. [Dim. fr. L. glomus ball.]
1. (Bot.) A head or dense cluster of flowers, formed by condensation
of a cyme, as in the flowering dogwood.
2. (Anat.) A glomerulus.
Glomerulus
Glo*mer"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Glomeruli (#). [NL., dim. of L. glomus. See
3d Glome.] (Anat.) The bunch of looped capillary blood vessels in a
Malpighian capsule of the kidney.
Glomuliferous
Glom`u*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. glomus a ball + -ferous.] (Biol.) Having
small clusters of minutely branched coral-like excrescences. M. C.
Cooke.
Glonoin Glonoine
Glon"o*in Glon"o*ine (?), n. [Glycerin + oxygen + nitrogen + -in,
-ine.]
1. Same as Nitroglycerin; -- called also oil of glonoin. [Obs.]
2. (Med.) A dilute solution of nitroglycerin used as a neurotic.
Gloom
Gloom (gl&oomac;m), n. [AS. gl&omac;m twilight, from the root of E.
glow. See Glow, and cf. Glum, Gloam.]
1. Partial or total darkness; thick shade; obscurity; as, the gloom of
a forest, or of midnight.
2. A shady, gloomy, or dark place or grove.
Before a gloom of stubborn-shafted oaks. Tennyson .
3. Cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low
spirits; dullness.
A sullen gloom and furious disorder prevailed by fits. Burke.
4. In gunpowder manufacture, the drying oven. Syn. -- Darkness;
dimness; obscurity; heaviness; dullness; depression; melancholy;
dejection; sadness. See Darkness.
Gloom
Gloom, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gloomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glooming.]
1. To shine or appear obscurely or imperfectly; to glimmer.
2. To become dark or dim; to be or appear dismal, gloomy, or sad; to
come to the evening twilight.
The black gibbet glooms beside the way. Goldsmith.
[This weary day] . . . at last I see it gloom. Spenser.
Gloom
Gloom, v. t.
1. To render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken.
A bow window . . . gloomed with limes. Walpole.
A black yew gloomed the stagnant air. Tennyson.
2. To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal, or sullen.
Such a mood as that which lately gloomed Your fancy. Tennison.
What sorrows gloomed that parting day. Goldsmith.
Gloomily
Gloom"i*ly (?), adv. In a gloomy manner.
Gloominess
Gloom"i*ness, n. State of being gloomy. Addison.
Glooming
Gloom"ing, n. [Cf. Gloaming.] Twilight (of morning or evening); the
gloaming.
When the faint glooming in the sky First lightened into day.
Trench.
The balmy glooming, crescent-lit. Tennyson.
Gloomth
Gloomth (?), n. Gloom. [R.] Walpole.
Gloomy
Gloom"y (?), a. [Compar. Gloomier (?); superl. Gloomiest.]
1. Imperfectly illuminated; dismal through obscurity or darkness;
dusky; dim; clouded; as, the cavern was gloomy. "Though hid in
gloomiest shade." Milton.
2. Affected with, or expressing, gloom; melancholy; dejected; as, a
gloomy temper or countenance. Syn. -- Dark; dim; dusky; dismal;
cloudy; moody; sullen; morose; melancholy; sad; downcast; depressed;
dejected; disheartened.
Gloppen
Glop"pen (?), v. t. & i. [OE. glopnen to be frightened, frighten: cf.
Icel. gl to look downcast.] To surprise or astonish; to be startled or
astonished. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Glore
Glore (?), v. i. [See Gloar.] To glare; to glower. [Obs.] Halliwell.
Gloria
Glo"ri*a (?), n. [L., glory.] (Eccl.) (a) A doxology (beginning Gloria
Patri, Glory be to the Father), sung or said at the end of the Psalms
in the service of the Roman Catholic and other churches. (b) A portion
of the Mass (Gloria in Excelsis Deo, Glory be to God on high), and
also of the communion service in some churches. In the Episcopal
Church the version in English is used. (c) The musical setting of a
gloria.
Gloriation
Glo`ri*a"tion (?), n. [L. gloriatio, from gloriari to glory, boast,
fr. gloria glory. See Glory, n.] Boast; a triumphing. [Obs.] Bp.
Richardson.
Internal gloriation or triumph of the mind. Hobbes.
Gloried
Glo"ried (?), a. [See Glory.] Illustrious; honorable; noble. [Obs.]
Milton.
Glorification
Glo`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. glorificatio: cf. F. glorification. See
Glorify.]
1. The act of glorifyng or of giving glory to. Jer. Taylor.
2. The state of being glorifed; as, the glorification of Christ after
his resurrection.
Glorify
Glo"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glorified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glorifying.] [F. glorifier, L. glorificare; gloria glory + -ficare (in
comp.) to make. See -fy.]
1. To make glorious by bestowing glory upon; to confer honor and
distinction upon; to elevate to power or happiness, or to celestial
glory.
Jesus was not yet glorified. John vii. 39.
2. To make glorious in thought or with the heart, by ascribing glory
to; to asknowledge the excellence of; to render homage to; to magnify
in worship; to adore.
That we for thee may glorify the Lord. Shak.
Gloriole
Glo"ri*ole (?), n. [L. gloriola a small glory, dim. of gloria glory.]
An aureole. [R.] Msr. Browning.
Gloriosa
Glo`ri*o"sa (?), n. [Nl., fr. L. gloriosus. See Glorious.] (Bot.) A
genus of climbing plants with very showy lilylike blossoms, natives of
India.
Glorioser
Glo`ri*o"ser (?), n. [From L. gloriosus boastful.] A boaster. [Obs.]
Greene.
Glorioso
Glo`ri*o"so (?), n. [It.] A boaster. [Obs.] Fuller.
Glorious
Glo"ri*ous (?), a. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L.
gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
1. Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or
receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious;
inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds.
These are thy glorious works, Parent of good ! Milton.
2. Eager for glory or distinction; haughty; boastful; ostentatious;
vainglorious. [Obs.]
Most miserable Is the desire that's glorious. Shak.
3. Ecstatic; hilarious; elated with drink. [Colloq.]
kings may be blest, but Tam was glorious, O'er all the ills of life
victorious. Burns.
During his office treason was no crime, The sons of Belial had a
glorious time. Dryden.
Syn. -- Eniment; noble; excellent; renowned; illustrious; celebrated;
magnificent; grand; splendid. -- Glo"ri*ous*ly, adv. --
Glo"ri*ous*ness, n. Udall.
Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously. Ex. xv. 21.
I speak it not gloriously, nor out of affectation. B. Jonson.
Glory
Glo"ry (?), n. [OE. glorie, OF. glorie, gloire, F. gloire, fr. L.
gloria; prob. akin to Gr. glory, praise, to hear. See Loud.]
1. Praise, honor, admiration, or distinction, accorded by common
consent to a person or thing; high reputation; honorable fame; renown.
Glory to God in the highest. Luke ii. 14.
Spread his glory through all countries wide. Spenser.
2. That quality in a person or thing which secures general praise or
honor; that which brings or gives renown; an object of pride or boast;
the occasion of praise; excellency; brilliancy; splendor.
Think it no glory to swell in tyranny. Sir P. Sidney.
Jewels lose their glory if neglected. Shak.
Your sex's glory 't is to shine unknown. Young.
3. Pride; boastfulness; arrogance.
In glory of thy fortunes. Chapman.
4. The presence of the Divine Being; the manifestations of the divine
nature and favor to the blessed in heaven; celestial honor; heaven.
Thou shalt guide me with thy counsel, and afterward receive me to
glory. Ps. lxxiii. 24.
5. An emanation of light supposed to proceed from beings of peculiar
sanctity. It is represented in art by rays of gold, or the like,
proceeding from the head or body, or by a disk, or a mere line.
NOTE: &hand; This is the general term; when confined to the head it
is properly called nimbus; when encircling the whole body, aureola
or aureole.
Glory hole, an opening in the wall of a glass furnace, exposing the
brilliant white light of the interior. Knight. -- Glory pea (Bot.),
the name of two leguminous plants (Clianthus Dampieri and C. puniceus)
of Australia and New Zeland. They have showy scarlet or crimson
flowers. -- Glory tree (Bot.), a name given to several species of the
verbenaceous genus Clerodendron, showy flowering shrubs of tropical
regions.
Glory
Glo"ry, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gloried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glorying.]
[OE. glorien, OF. glorier, fr. L. gloriari, fr. gloria glory. See
Glory, n.]
1. To exult with joy; to rejoice.
Glory ye in his holy name. Ps. cv.
2. To boast; to be proud.
God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus
Christ. Gal. vi. 14
No one . . . should glory in his prosperity. Richardson.
Glose
Glose (?), n. & v. See Gloze. Chaucer.
Gloser
Glos"er (?), n. See Glosser.
Gloss
Gloss (?), n. [Cf. Icel. glossi a blaze, glys finery, MHG. glosen to
glow, G. glosten to glimmer; perh. akin to E. glass.]
1. Bbrightness or luster of a body proceeding from a smooth surface;
polish; as, the gloss of silk; cloth is calendered to give it a gloss.
It is no part . . . to set on the face of this cause any fairer
gloss than the naked truth doth afford. Hooker.
2. A specious appearance; superficial quality or show.
To me more dear, congenial to my heart, One native charm than all
the gloss of art. Goldsmith.
Gloss
Gloss, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glossing.] To
give a superficial luster or gloss to; to make smooth and shining; as,
to gloss cloth.
The glossed and gleamy wave. J. R. Drake.
Gloss
Gloss, n. [OE. glose, F. glose, L. glossa a difficult word needing
explanation, fr. Gr. Gloze, Glossary, Glottis.]
1. A foreign, archaic, technical, or other uncommon word requiring
explanation. [Obs.]
2. An interpretation, consisting of one or more words, interlinear or
marginal; an explanatory note or comment; a running commentary.
All this, without a gloss or comment, He would unriddle in a
moment. Hudibras.
Explaining the text in short glosses. T. Baker.
3. A false or specious explanation. Dryden.
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Gloss
Gloss (?), v. t.
1. To render clear and evident by comments; to illustrate; to explain;
to annotate.
2. To give a specious appearance to; to render specious and plausible;
to palliate by specious explanation.
You have the art to gloss the foulest cause. Philips.
Gloss
Gloss (?), v. i.
1. To make comments; to comment; to explain. Dryden.
2. To make sly remarks, or insinuations. Prior.
Glossa
Glos"sa (?), n.; pl. Gloss (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The tongue,
or lingua, of an insect. See Hymenoptera.
Glossal
Glos"sal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the tongue; lingual.
Glossanthrax
Glos*san"thrax (?), n. [Gr. anthrax: cf. F. glossanthrax.] A disease
of horses and cattle accompanied by carbuncles in the mouth and on the
tongue.
Glossarial
Glos*sa"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to glosses or to a glossary;
containing a glossary.
Glossarially
Glos*sa"ri*al*ly, adv. In the manner of a glossary.
Glossarist
Glos"sa*rist (?), n. A writer of glosses or of a glossary; a
commentator; a scholiast. Tyrwhitt.
Glossary
Glos"sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Gossaries (#). [L. glossarium, fr. glossa: cf.
F. glossaire. See 3d Gloss.] A collection of glosses or explanations
of words and passages of a work or author; a partial dictionary of a
work, an author, a dialect, art, or science, explaining archaic,
technical, or other uncommon words.
Glossata
Glos*sa"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Glossa.] (Zo\'94l.) The Lepidoptera.
Glossator
Glos*sa"tor (?), n. [LL. See 3d Gloss.] A writer of glosses or
comments; a commentator. [R.] "The . . . glossators of Aristotle."
Milman.
Glosser
Gloss"er (?), n. [See lst Gloss.] A polisher; one who gives a luster.
Glosser
Gloss"er, n. [See 3d Gloss.] A writer of glosses; a scholiast; a
commentator. L. Addison.
Glossic
Glos"sic (?), n. [L. glossa a word requiring a gloss. See 3d Gloss.] A
system of phonetic spelling based upon the present values of English
letters, but invariably using one symbol to represent one sound only.
Ingglish Glosik konvaiA. J. Ellis.
Glossily
Gloss"i*ly (?), adv. In a glossy manner.
Glossiness
Gloss"i*ness, n. [From Glossy.] The condition or quality of being
glossy; the luster or brightness of a smooth surface. Boyle.
Glossist
Gloss"ist, n. A writer of comments. [Obs.] Milton.
Glossitis
Glos*si"tis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the
tongue.
Glossly
Gloss"ly (?), adv. Like gloss; specious. Cowley.
Glossocomon
Glos*soc"o*mon (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. A kind of hoisting winch.
Glossoepiglottic
Glos`so*ep`i*glot"tic (?), a. [Gr. epiglottic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
both tongue and epiglottis; as, glossoepiglottic folds.
Glossographer
Glos"sog"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr. Gloss.] A writer of a glossary; a
commentator; a scholiast. Hayward.
Glossographical
Glos`so*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to glossography.
Glossography
Glos"sog"ra*phy (?), n. [See Glossographer.] The writing of
glossaries, glosses, or comments for illustrating an author.
Glossohyal
Glos`so*hy"al (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Pertaining to both the hyoidean
arch and the tongue; -- applied to the anterior segment of the
hyoidean arch in many fishes. -- n. The glossohyal bone or cartilage;
lingual bone; entoglossal bone.
Glossolalia, Glossolaly
Glos`so*la"li*a (?), Glos*sol"a*ly (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. glossolalie.]
The gift of tongues. Farrar.
Glossological
Glos`so*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to glossology.
Glassologist
Glas*sol"o*gist (?), n. One who defines and explains terms; one who is
versed in glossology.
Glossology
Glos*sol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. glossologie. See 3d Gloss.]
1. The definition and explanation of terms; a glossary.
2. The science of language; comparative philology; linguistics;
glottology.
Glossopharyngeal
Glos`so*phar`yn*ge"al (?), a. [Gr. pharyngeal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
both the tongue and the pharynx; -- applied especially to the ninth
pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the pharynx and
tongue. -- n. One of the glossopharyngeal nerves.
Glossy
Gloss"y (?), a. [Compar. Glossier (?); superl. Glossiest.] [See Gloss
luster.]
1. Smooth and shining; reflecting luster from a smooth surface; highly
polished; lustrous; as, glossy silk; a glossy surface.
2. Smooth; specious; plausible; as, glossy deceit.
Glost oven
Glost" ov`en (?). An oven in which glazed pottery is fired; -- also
called glaze kiln, or glaze.
Glottal
Glot"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to, or produced by, the glottis;
glottic. Glottal catch, an effect produced upon the breath or voice by
a sudden opening or closing of the glotts. Sweet.
Glottic, Glottidean
Glot"tic (?), Glot*tid"e*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the glottis;
glottal.
Glottis
Glot"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Gloss an explanatory remark.] (Anat.)
The opening from the pharynx into the larynx or into the trachea. See
Larynx.
Glottological
Glot`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to glottology.
Glottologist
Glot*tol"o*gist (?), n. A linguist; a philologist.
Glottology
Glot*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of tongues or
languages; comparative philology; glossology.
Glout
Glout (?), v. i. [Scot. Cf. Gloat.] To pout; to look sullen. [Obs.]
Garth.
Glout
Glout (?), v. t. To view attentively; to gloat on; to stare at. [Obs.]
Wright.
Glove
Glove (?), n. [OE. glove, glofe, AS. gl; akin to Icel. gl, cf. Goth. l
palm of the hand, Icel. l.]
1. A cover for the hand, or for the hand and wrist, with a separate
sheath for each finder. The latter characteristic distinguishes the
glove from the mitten.
2. A boxing glove.
Boxing glove. See under Boxing. -- Glove fight, a pugilistic contest
in wich the fighters wear boxing gloves. -- Glove money OR silver. (a)
A tip or gratuity to servants, professedly to buy gloves with. (b)
(Eng. Law.) A reward given to officers of courts; also, a fee given by
the sheriff of a country to the clerk of assize and judge's officers,
when there are no offenders to be executed. -- Glove sponge
(Zo\'94l.), a fine and soft variety of commercial sponges (Spongia
officinalis). -- To be hand and glove with, to be intimately
associated or on good terms with. "Hand and glove with traitors." J.
H. Newman. -- To handle without gloves,<-- with the gloves off, to
take the gloves off --> to treat without reserve or tenderness; to
deal roughly with. [Colloq.] -- To take up the glove, to accept a
challenge or adopt a quarrel. -- To throw down the glove, to challenge
to combat.
Glove
Glove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gloved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gloving.] To
cover with, or as with, a glove.
Glover
Glov"er (?), n. One whose trade it is to make or sell gloves. Glover's
suture OR stitch, a kind of stitch used in sewing up wounds, in which
the thread is drawn alternately through each side from within outward.
Glow
Glow (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glowing.]
[AS. gl; akin to D. gloeijen, OHG. gluoen, G. gl\'81hen, Icel. gl,
Dan. gloende glowing. Gloom.]
1. To shine with an intense or white heat; to give forth vivid light
and heat; to be incandenscent.
Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees. Pope.
2. To exhibit a strong, bright color; to be brilliant, as if with
heat; to be bright or red with heat or animation, with blushes, etc.
Clad in a gown that glows with Tyrian rays. Dryden.
And glow with shame of your proceedings. Shak.
3. To feel hot; to have a burning sensation, as of the skin, from
friction, exercise, etc.; to burn.
Did not his temples glow In the same sultry winds and acrching
heats? Addison.
The cord slides swiftly through his glowing hands. Gay.
4. To feel the heat of passion; to be animated, as by intense love,
zeal, anger, etc.; to rage, as passior; as, the heart glows with love,
zeal, or patriotism.
With pride it mounts, and with revenge it glows. Dryden.
Burns with one love, with one resentment glows. Pope.
Glow
Glow, v. t. To make hot; to flush. [Poetic]
Fans, whose wind did seem To glow the delicate cheeks which they
did cool. Shak.
Glow
Glow, n.
1. White or red heat; incandscence.
2. Brightness or warmth of color; redness; a rosy flush; as, the glow
of health in the cheeks.
3. Intense excitement or earnestness; vehemence or heat of passion;
ardor.
The red glow of scorn. Shak.
4. Heat of body; a sensation of warmth, as that produced by exercise,
etc.
Glowbard
Glow"bard (?), n. [See Globard.] The glowworm. [Obs.]
Glower
Glow"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glowering.] [Cf. Gloar.] to look intently; to stare angrily or with a
scowl. Thackeray.
Glowingly
Glow"ing*ly (?), adv. In a glowing manner; with ardent heat or
passion.
Glowlamp
Glow"lamp` (?), n.
1. (Chem.) An aphlogistic lamp. See Aphlogistic.
2. (Elect.) An incandescent lamp. See Incandescent, a.
Glowworm
Glow"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A coleopterous insect of the genus
Lampyris; esp., the wingless females and larv\'91 of the two European
species (L. noctiluca, and L. splendidula), which emit light from some
of the abdominal segments.
Like a glowworm in the night, The which hath fire in darkness, none
in light. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; The male is winged, and is supposed to be attracted by
the light of the female. In America, the luminous larv\'91 of
several species of fireflies and fire beetles are called glowworms.
Both sexes of these are winged when mature. See Firefly.
Gloxinia
Glox*in"i*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) American genus of herbaceous plants
with very handsome bell-shaped blossoms; -- named after B. P. Gloxin,
a German botanist.
Gloze
Gloze (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Glozed(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glozing.]
[OE. glosen, F. gloser. See gloss explanation.]
1. To flatter; to wheedle; to fawn; to talk smoothly. Chaucer.
A false, glozing parasite. South.
So glozed the tempter, and his proem tuned. Milton.
2. To give a specious or false meaning; to ministerpret. Shak.
Gloze
Gloze, v. t. To smooth over; to palliate.
By glozing the evil that is in the world. I. Taylor.
Gloze
Gloze, n.
1. Flattery; adulation; smooth speech.
Now to plain dealing; lay these glozes by. Shak.
2. Specious show; gloss. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Glozer
Gloz"er (?), n. A flatterer. [Obs.] Gifford (1580).
Glucic
Glu"cic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, sugar;
as, glucic acid.
Glucina
Glu*ci"na (?), n. [Cf. F. glycine, glucine. So called because it forms
sweet salts. See Glucinum.] (Chem.) A white or gray tasteless powder,
the oxide of the element glucinum; -- formerly called glucine.
Glucinic
Glu*cin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing,
glucinum; as, glucinic oxide.
Glucinum
Glu*ci"num (?), n. [Cf. F. glucinium, glycium, fr. Gr. Glycerin.]
(Chem.) A rare metallic element, of a silver white color, and low
specific gravity (2.1), resembling magnesium. It never occurs
naturally in the free state, but is always combined, usually with
silica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals phenacite, chrysoberyl,
beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. It was named from its oxide
glucina, which was known long before the element was isolated. Symbol
Gl. Atomic weight 9.1. Called also beryllium. [Formerly written also
glucinium.]<-- modern name Beryllium, symbol Be -->
Glucogen
Glu"co*gen (?), n. [R.] See Glycogen.
Glucogenesis
Glu`co*gen"e*sis (?), n. Glycogenesis. [R.]
Gluconic
Glu*con"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, glucose. Gluconic
acid (Chem.), an organic acid, obtained as a colorless, sirupy liquid,
by the oxidation of glucose; -- called also maltonic acid, and
dextronic acid.
Glucose
Glu"cose` (?), n. [Gr. Glycerin.]
1. A variety of sugar occurring in nature very abundantly, as in ripe
grapes, and in honey, and produced in great quantities from starch,
etc., by the action of heat and acids. It is only about half as sweet
as cane sugar. Called also dextrose, grape sugar, diabetic sugar, and
starch sugar. See Dextrose.
2. (Chem.) Any one of a large class of sugars, isometric with glucose
proper, and including levulose, galactose, etc.<-- ?Now only one is
called glucose -- when did this usage diappear? = hexose-->
3. The trade name of a sirup, obtained as an uncrystallizable reside
in the manufacture of glucose proper, and containing, in addition to
some dextrose or glucose, also maltose, dextrin, etc. It is used as a
cheap adulterant of sirups, beers, etc.
Glucoside
Glu"co*side (?), n. [See Glucose.] (Chem.) One of a large series of
amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed
in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the
formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a
bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and
alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid,
aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other
sugar); hence the name. They are of the nature of complex and compound
ethers, and ethereal salts of the sugar carbohydrates.
Glucosuria
Glu`co*su"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. E. glucose + Gr. (Med.) A condition
in which glucose is discharged in the urine; diabetes mellitus.
Glue
Glue (?), n. [F. glu, L. glus, akin to gluten, from gluere to draw
together. Cf. Gluten.] A hard brittle brownish gelatin, obtained by
boiling to a jelly the skins, hoofs, etc., of animals. When gently
heated with water, it becomes viscid and tenaceous, and is used as a
cement for uniting substances. The name is also given to other
adhesive or viscous substances. Bee glue. See under Bee. -- Fish glue,
a strong kind of glue obtained from fish skins and bladders;
isinglass. -- Glue plant (Bot.), a fucoid seaweed (Gloiopeltis tenax).
-- Liquid glue, a fluid preparation of glue and acetic acid oralcohol.
-- Marine glue, a solution of caoutchouc in naphtha, with shellac,
used in shipbuilding.
Glue
Glue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gluing.] [F.
gluer. See Glue, n.] To join with glue or a viscous substance; to
cause to stick or hold fast, as if with glue; to fix or fasten.
This cold, congealed blood That glues my lips, and will not let me
speak. Shak.
Gluepot
Glue"pot` (?), n. A utensil for melting glue, consisting of an inner
pot holding the glue, immersed in an outer one containing water which
is heated to soften the glue.
Gluer
Glu"er (?), n. One who cements with glue.
Gluey
Glu"ey (?), a. Viscous; glutinous; of the nature of, or like, glue.
Glueyness
Glu"ey*ness, n. Viscidity.
Gluish
Glu"ish, a. Somewhat gluey. Sherwood.
Glum
Glum (?), n. [See Gloom.] Sullenness. [Obs.] Skelton.
Glum
Glum, a. Moody; silent; sullen.
I frighten people by my glun face. Thackeray.
Glum
Glum, v. i. To look sullen; to be of a sour countenance; to be glum.
[Obs.] Hawes.
Glumaceous
Glu*ma"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. glumanc\'82. See Glume.] Having glumes;
consisting of glumes.
Glumal
Glu"mal (?), a. (Bot.) Characterized by a glume, or having the nature
of a glume.
Glume
Glume (?), n. [L. gluma hull, husk, fr. glubere to bark or peel: cf.
F. glume or gloume.] (Bot.) The bracteal covering of the flowers or
seeds of grain and grasses; esp., an outer husk or bract of a spikelt.
Gray.
Glumella, Glumelle
Glu*mel"la (?), Glu"melle (?), n. [F. glumelle, dim. of glume.] (Bot.)
One of the pelets or inner chaffy scales of the flowers or spikelets
of grasses.
Glumly
Glum"ly (?), adv. In a glum manner; sullenly; moodily.
Glummy
Glum"my (?), a. [See Gloom.] dark; gloomy; dismal. [Obs.]
Glumness
Glum"ness, n. Moodiness; sullenness.
Glump
Glump (?), v. i. [See Glum.] To manifest sullenness; to sulk.
[Colloq.]
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Glumpy
Glump"y (?), a. Glum; sullen; sulky. [Colloq.] "He was glumpy enough."
T. Hook.
Glunch
Glunch (?), a. [Cf. Glump.] Frowning; sulky; sullen. Sir W. Scott. --
n. A sullen, angry look; a look of disdain or dislike. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
Glut
Glut (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Glutting.] [OE.
glotten, fr. OF. glotir, gloutir, L. glutire, gluttire; cf. Gr. gar.
Cf. Gluttion, Englut.]
1. To swallow, or to swallow greedlly; to gorge.
Though every drop of water swear against it, And gape at widest to
glut him. Shak.
2. To fill to satiety; to satisfy fully the desire or craving of; to
satiate; to sate; to cloy.
His faithful heart, a bloody sacrifice, Torn from his breast, to
glut the tyrant's eyes. Dryden.
The realms of nature and of art were ransacked to glut the wonder,
lust, and ferocity of a degraded populace. C. Kingsley.
To glut the market, to furnish an oversupply of any article of trade,
so that there is no sale for it.
Glut
Glut, v. i. To eat gluttonously or to satiety.
Like three horses that have broken fence, And glutted all night
long breast-deep in corn. Tennyson.
Glut
Glut, n.
1. That which is swallowed. Milton
2. Plenty, to satiety or repletion; a full supply; hence, often, a
supply beyond sufficiency or to loathing; over abundance; as, a glut
of the market. <-- "of", not "on" the market! -->
A glut of those talents which raise men to eminence. Macaulay.
3. Something that fills up an opening; a clog.
4. (a) A wooden wedge used in splitting blocks. [Prov. Eng.] (b)
(Mining) A piece of wood used to fill up behind cribbing or tubbing.
Raymond. (c) (Bricklaying) A bat, or small piece of brick, used to
fill out a course. Knight. (d) (Arch.) An arched opening to the ashpit
of a klin. (e) A block used for a fulcrum.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The broad-nosed eel (Anguilla latirostris), found in
Europe, Asia, the West Indies, etc.
Glutaconic
Glu`ta*con"ic (?), a. [Glutaric + aconitic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
derived from, an acid intermediate between glutaric and aconitic
acids.
Glut\'91us
Glu*t\'91"us (?), n. [NL. See Gluteal.] (Anat.) The great muscle of
the buttock in man and most mammals, and the corresponding muscle in
many lower animals.
NOTE: &hand; In ma n, the glut\'91us is composed of three distinct
parts, which extend and abduct the thigh, and help support the body
in standing.
Glutamic
Glu*tam"ic (?), a. [Gluten + -amic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to
gluten. Glutamic acid, a nitrogenous organic acid obtained from
certain albuminoids, as gluten; -- called also amido-glutaric acid.<--
one of the natural L-alpha-amino acids found in many proteins C5H9NO4.
-->
Glutaric
Glu*tar"ic (?), a. [Glutamic + tartaric.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to,
or designating, an acid so called; as, glutaric ethers. Glutaric acid,
an organic acid obtained as a white crystalline substance, isomeric
with pyrotartaric acid; -- called also normal pyrotartaric acid.<--
one of the natural L-alpha-amino acids found in many proteins -->
Glutazine
Glu"ta*zine (?), n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, forming a heavy,
sandy powder, white or nearly so. It is a derivative of pyridine.
Gluteal
Glu"te*al (?), a. [G. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the
glut\'91us.
Gluten
Glu"ten (?), n. [L., glue: cf. F. gluten. See Glue.] (Chem.) The
viscid, tenacious substance which gives adhesiveness to dough.
NOTE: &hand; Gl uten is a complex and variable mixture of glutin or
gliadin, vegetable fibrin, vegetable casein, oily material, etc.,
and ia a very nutritious element of food. It may be separated from
the flour of grain by subjecting this to a current of water, the
starch and other soluble matters being thus washed out.
Gluten bread, bread containing a large proportion of gluten; -- used
in cases of diabetes. -- Gluten casein (Chem.), a vegetable proteid
found in the seeds of grasses, and extracted as a dark, amorphous,
earthy mass. -- Gluten fibrin (Chem.), a vegetable proteid found in
the cereal grains, and extracted as an amorphous, brownish yellow
substance.
Gluteus
Glu*te"us (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) Same as Glut&ae;us.
Glutin
Glu"tin (?), n. [See Gluten.] (Chem.)
1. Same as Gliadin.
2. Sometimes synonymous with Gelatin. [R.]
Glutinate
Glu"ti*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glutinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Glutinating.] [L. glutinatus, p. p. of glutinare to glue, fr. gluten
glue.] To unite with glue; to cement; to stick together. Bailey.
Glutination
Glu`ti*na"tion (?), n. [L. glutinatio: cf. F. glutination.] The act of
uniting with glue; sticking together.
Glutinative
Glu"ti*na*tive (?), a. [L. glutinativus: cf. F. glutinatif.] Having
the quality of cementing; tenacious; viscous; glutinous.
Glutinosity
Glu`ti*nos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. glutinosit\'82 .] The quality of being
glutinous; viscousness. [R.]
Glutinous
Glu"ti*nous (?), a. [L. glutinosus, fr. gluten glue: cf. F. glutineux.
See Gluten.]
1. Of the nature of glue; resembling glue; viscous; viscid; adhes