T Table Ta"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tableed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tableing (?).] 1. To form into a table or catalogue; to tabulate; as, to table fines. 2. To delineate, as on a table; to represent, as in a picture. [Obs.] Tabled and pictured in the chambers of meditation. Bacon. 3. To supply with food; to feed. [Obs.] Milton. 4. (Carp.) To insert, as one piece of timber into another, by alternate scores or projections from the middle, to prevent slipping; to scarf. 5. To lay or place on a table, as money. Carlyle. 6. In parliamentary usage, to lay on the table; to postpone, by a formal vote, the consideration of (a bill, motion, or the like) till called for, or indefinitely. 7. To enter upon the docket; as, to table charges against some one. 8. (Naut.) To make board hems in the skirts and bottoms of (sails) in order to strengthen them in the part attached to the boltrope. Table Ta"ble, v. i. To live at the table of another; to board; to eat. [Obs.] "He . . . was driven from the society of men to table with the beasts." South. Tableau Ta`bleau" (?), n.; pl. Tableaux (#). [F., dim. fr. L. tabula a painting. See Table.] 1. A striking and vivid representation; a picture. 2. A representation of some scene by means of persons grouped in the proper manner, placed in appropriate postures, and remaining silent and motionless. Tableau vivant Ta`bleau" vi`vant" (?); pl. Tableaux vivants (#). [F.] Same as Tableau, n., 2. Tablebook Ta"ble*book` (?), n. A tablet; a notebook. Put into your tablebook whatever you judge worthly. Dryden. Tablecloth Ta"ble*cloth` (?), n. A cloth for covering a table, especially one with which a table is covered before the dishes, etc., are set on for meals. Table d'h\'93te Ta"ble d'h\'93te" (?); pl. Tables d'h\'93te (#). [F., literally, table of the landlord.] A common table for guests at a hotel; an ordinary. Table-land Ta"ble-land` (?), n. A broad, level, elevated area of land; a plateau. The toppling crags of Duty scaled, Are close upon the shining table-lands To which our God himself is moon and sun. Tennyson. Tableman Ta"ble*man (?), n.; pl. Tablemen (. A man at draughts; a piece used in playing games at tables. See Table, n., 10. [R.] Bacon. Tablement Ta"ble*ment (?), n. (Arch.) A table. [Obs.] Tablements and chapters of pillars. Holland. Tabler Ta"bler (?), n. 1. One who boards. [Obs.] 2. One who boards others for hire. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Tablespoon Ta"ble*spoon` (?), n. A spoon of the largest size commonly used at the table; -- distinguished from teaspoon, dessert spoon, etc. Tablespoonful Ta"ble*spoon`ful (?), n.; pl. Tablespoonfuls (. As much as a tablespoon will hold; enough to fill a tablespoon. It is usually reckoned as one half of a fluid ounce, or four fluid drams. Tablet Ta"blet (?), n. [F. tablette, dim. of table. See Table.] 1. A small table or flat surface. 2. A flat piece of any material on which to write, paint, draw, or engrave; also, such a piece containing an inscription or a picture. 3. Hence, a small picture; a miniature. [Obs.] 4. pl. A kind of pocket memorandum book. 5. A flattish cake or piece; as, tablets of arsenic were formerly worn as a preservative against the plague. 6. (Pharm.) A solid kind of electuary or confection, commonly made of dry ingredients with sugar, and usually formed into little flat squares; -- called also lozenge, and troche, especially when of a round or rounded form. Tableware Ta"ble*ware` (?), n. Ware, or articles collectively, for table use. Tabling Ta"bling (?), n. 1. A forming into tables; a setting down in order. 2. (Carp.) The letting of one timber into another by alternate scores or projections, as in shipbuilding. 3. (Naut.) A broad hem on the edge of a sail. Totten. 4. Board; support. [Obs.] Trence in English (1614). 5. Act of playing at tables. See Table, n., 10. [Obs.] Tabling house, a gambling house. [Obs.] Northbrooke. Taboo Ta*boo" (?), n. A total prohibition of intercourse with, use of, or approach to, a given person or thing under pain of death, -- an interdict of religious origin and authority, formerly common in the islands of Polynesia; interdiction. [Written also tabu.] Taboo Ta*boo", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tabooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tabooing.] To put under taboo; to forbid, or to forbid the use of; to interdict approach to, or use of; as, to taboo the ground set apart as a sanctuary for criminals. [Written also tabu.] Tabor Ta"bor (?), n. [OF. tabor, tabour, F. tambour; cf. Pr. tabor, tanbor, Sp. & Pg. tambor, atambor, It. tamburo; all fr. Ar. & Per. tamb a kind of lute, or giutar, or Per. tab\'c6r a drum. Cf. Tabouret, Tambour.] (Mus.) A small drum used as an accompaniment to a pipe or fife, both being played by the same person. [Written also tabour, and taber.] Tabor Ta"bor, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tabored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taboring.] [Cf. OF. taborer.] [Written also tabour.] 1. To play on a tabor, or little drum. 2. To strike lightly and frequently. Tabor Ta"bor, v. t. To make (a sound) with a tabor. Taborer Ta"bor*er (?), n. One who plays on the tabor. Shak. Taboret Tab"o*ret (?), n. [Dim. of tabor. Cf. Tabret.] (Mus.) A small tabor. [Written also tabouret.] Taborine Tab"o*rine (?), n. [OF. tabourin, F. tambourin. See Tabor, and cf. Tambourine.] (Mus.) A small, shallow drum; a tabor. Taborite Ta"bor*ite (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of certain Bohemian reformers who suffered persecution in the fifteenth century; -- so called from Tabor, a hill or fortress where they encamped during a part of their struggles. Tabour Ta"bour (?), n. & v. See Tabor. Tabouret Tab"ou*ret (?), n. [F., dim. of OF. tabor, tabour, drum. See Tabor.] 1. Same as Taboret. 2. A seat without arms or back, cushioned and stuffed: a high stool; -- so called from its resemblance to a drum. 3. An embroidery frame. Knight. Right of the tabouret, the privilege of sitting on a tabouret in the presence of the severeign, formerly granted to certain ladies of high rank at the French court. Tabrere Tab"rere (?), n. A taborer. [Obs.] Spenser. Tabret Tab"ret (?), n. A taboret. Young. Tabu Ta*bu" (?), n. & v. See Taboo. Tabula Tab"u*la (?), n.; pl. Tabul\'91 (#). [L.] 1. A table; a tablet. 2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the transverse plants found in the calicles of certain corals and hydroids. Tabula rasa ( [L.], a smoothed tablet; hence, figuratively, the mind in its earliest state, before receiving impressions from without; -- a term used by Hobbes, Locke, and others, in maintaining a theory opposed to the doctrine of innate ideas. Tabular Tab"u*lar (?), a. [L. tabularis, fr. tabula a board, table. See Table.] Having the form of, or pertaining to, a table (in any of the uses of the word). Specifically: -- (a) Having a flat surface; as, a tabular rock. (b) Formed into a succession of flakes; laminated. Nodules . . . that are tabular and plated. Woodward. (c) Set in squares. [R.] (d) Arranged in a schedule; as, tabular statistics. (e) Derived from, or computed by, the use of tables; as, tabular right ascension. Tabular difference (Math.), the difference between two consecutive numbers in a table, sometimes printed in its proper place in the table. -- Tabular spar (Min.), wollastonite. Tabularization Tab`u*lar*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of tabularizing, or the state of being tabularized; formation into tables; tabulation. Tabularize Tab"u*lar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tabularized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tabularizing (?).] To tabulate. Tabulata Tab`u*la"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. tabulatus floored.] (Zo\'94l.) An artificial group of stony corals including those which have transverse septa in the calicles. The genera Pocillopora and Favosites are examples. <-- ## note that Pocillopora is italicised but not listed separately in this dictionary. Favosites is not italicised, and has an entry as a headword. Is that the difference between italicisation or not for genus names? --> Tabulate Tab"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tabulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tabulating.] [L. tabula a table. See Tabular.] 1. To form into a table or tables; to reduce to tables or synopses. A philosophy is not worth the having, unless its results may be tabulated, and put in figures. I. Taylor. 2. To shape with a flat surface. Tabulation Tab`u*la"tion (?), n. The act of forming into a table or tables; as, the tabulation of statistics. Tac Tac (?), n. [Cf. Tack, n., 4.] (O. Eng. Law) A kind of customary payment by a tenant; -- a word used in old records. Cowell. Burrill. Tacamahac, Tacamahaca Tac"a*ma*hac` (?), Tac`a*ma*ha"ca (?), n. 1. A bitter balsamic resin obtained from tropical American trees of the genus Elaphrium (E. tomentosum and E. Tacamahaca), and also from East Indian trees of the genus Calophyllum; also, the resinous exhudation of the balsam poplar. 2. (Bot.) Any tree yielding tacamahac resin, especially, in North America, the balsam poplar, or balm of Gilead (Populus balsamifera). Tacaud Ta*caud" (?), n. [Cf. F. tacaud. See Tomcod.] (Zo\'94l.) The bib, or whiting pout. [Prov. Eng.] Tace Tace (?), n. The cross, or church, of St. Antony. See Illust. (6), under Cross, n. Mollett. Tace Tace, n. See Tasse. Fairholt. Tacet Ta"cet (?), v.impers. [L., it is silent, 3d pers.pr. of tacere to be silent.] (Mus.) It is silent; -- a direction for a vocal or instrumental part to be silent during a whole movement. Tache Tache (?), n. [See Tack a kind of nail.] Something used for taking hold or holding; a catch; a loop; a button. [Obs.] Ex. xxvi. 6. Tache Tache, n. [F. tache spot. See Techy.] A spot, stain, or blemish. [Obs.] Warner. Tachhydrite Tach*hy"drite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A hydrous chloride of calcium and magnesium occurring in yellowish masses which rapidly deliquesce upon exposure. It is found in the salt mines at Stassfurt. Tachina Tach"i*na (?), n.; pl. Tachin\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Diptera belonging to Tachina and allied genera. Their larv\'91 are external parasites of other insects. Tachometer Ta*chom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. tachom\'8atre.] An instrument for measuring the velocity, or indicating changes in the velocity, of a moving body or substance. Specifically: -- (a) An instrument for measuring the velocity of running water in a river or canal, consisting of a wheel with inclined vanes, which is turned by the current. The rotations of the wheel are recorded by clockwork. (b) An instrument for showing at any moment the speed of a revolving shaft, consisting of a delicate revolving conical pendulum which is driven by the shaft, and the action of which by change of speed moves a pointer which indicates the speed on a graduated dial. (c) (Physiol.) An instrument for measuring the velocity of the blood; a h\'91matachometer. Tachydidaxy Tach"y*di*dax`y (?), n. [Gr. A short or rapid method of instructing. [R.] Tachyglossa Tach`y*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of monotremes which comprises the spiny ant-eaters of Australia and New Guinea. See Illust. under Echidna. Tachygraphic, Tachygraphical Tach`y*graph"ic (?), Tach`y*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. tachygraphique.] Of or pertaining to tachygraphy; written in shorthand. Tachygraphy Ta*chyg"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. tachygraphie.] The art or practice of rapid writing; shorthand writing; stenography. I. Taylor (The Alphabet). Tachylyte Tach"y*lyte (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A vitreous form of basalt; -- so called because decompposable by acids and readily fusible. Tacit Tac"it (?), a. [L. tacitus, p.p. of tacere to be silent, to pass over in silence; akin to Goth. to be silent, Icel. , OHG. dag\'c7n: cf. F. tacite. Cf. Reticent.] Done or made in silence; implied, but not expressed; silent; as, tacit consent is consent by silence, or by not interposing an objection. -- Tac"it*ly, adv. The tacit and secret theft of abusing our brother in civil contracts. Jer. Taylor. Taciturn Tac"i*turn (?), a. [L. taciturnus: cf. F. taciturne. See Tacit.] Habitually silent; not given to converse; not apt to talk or speak. -- Tac"i*turn*ly, adv. Syn. -- Silent; reserved. Taciturn, Silent. Silent has reference to the act; taciturn, to the habit. A man may be silent from circumstances; he is taciturn from disposition. The loquacious man is at times silent; one who is taciturn may now and then make an effort at conversation. Taciturnity Tac`i*tur"ni*ty (?), n. [L. taciturnitas: cf. F. taciturnit\'82.] Habilual silence, or reserve in speaking. The cause of Addison's taciturnity was a natural diffidence in the company of strangers. V. Knox. The taciturnity and the short answers which gave so much offense. Macaulay. Tack Tack (?), n. [From an old or dialectal form of F. tache. See Techy.] 1. A stain; a tache. [Obs.] 2. [Cf. L. tactus.] A peculiar flavor or taint; as, a musty tack. [Obs. or Colloq.] Drayton. Tack Tack, n. [OE. tak, takke, a fastening; akin to D. tak a branch, twig, G. zacke a twig, prong, spike, Dan. takke a tack, spike; cf. also Sw. tagg prickle, point, Icel. t\'beg a willow twig, Ir. taca a peg, nail, fastening, Gael. tacaid, Armor. & Corn. tach; perhaps akin to E. take. Cf. Attach, Attack, Detach, Tag an end, Zigzag.] 1. A small, short, sharp-pointed nail, usually having a broad, flat head. 2. That which is attached; a supplement; an appendix. See Tack, v. t., 3. Macaulay. Some tacks had been made to money bills in King Charles's time. Bp. Burnet. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1468 3. (Naut.) (a) A rope used to hold in place the foremost lower corners of the courses when the vessel is closehauled (see Illust. of Ship); also, a rope employed to pull the lower corner of a studding sail to the boom. (b) The part of a sail to which the tack is usually fastened; the foremost lower corner of fore-and-aft sails, as of schooners (see Illust. of Sail). (c) The direction of a vessel in regard to the trim of her sails; as, the starboard tack, or port tack; -- the former when she is closehauled with the wind on her starboard side; hence, the run of a vessel on one tack; also, a change of direction. 4. (Scots Law) A contract by which the use of a thing is set, or let, for hire; a lease. Burrill. 5. Confidence; reliance. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Tack of a flag (Naut.), a line spliced into the eye at the foot of the hoist for securing the flag to the halyards. -- Tack pins (Naut.), belaying pins; -- also called jack pins. -- To haul the tacks aboard (Naut.), to set the courses. -- To hold tack, to last or hold out. Milton. Tack Tack (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tacking.] [Cf. OD. tacken to touch, take, seize, fix, akin to E. take. See Tack a small nail.] 1. To fasten or attach. "In hopes of getting some commendam tacked to their sees." Swift. And tacks the center to the sphere. Herbert. 2. Especially, to attach or secure in a slight or hasty manner, as by stitching or nailing; as, to tack together the sheets of a book; to tack one piece of cloth to another; to tack on a board or shingle; to tack one piece of metal to another by drops of solder. 3. In parliamentary usage, to add (a supplement) to a bill; to append; -- often with on or to. Macaulay. 4. (Naut.) To change the direction of (a vessel) when sailing closehauled, by putting the helm alee and shifting the tacks and sails so that she will proceed to windward nearly at right angles to her former course. NOTE: &hand; In ta cking, a ve ssel is brought to point at first directly to windward, and then so that the wind will blow against the other side. Tack Tack, v. i. (Naut.) To change the direction of a vessel by shifting the position of the helm and sails; also (as said of a vessel), to have her direction changed through the shifting of the helm and sails. See Tack, v. t., 4. Monk, . . . when he wanted his ship to tack to larboard, moved the mirth of his crew by calling out, "Wheel to the left." Macaulay. Tacker Tack"er (?), n. One who tacks. Tacket Tack"et (?), n. [Dim. of tack a small nail.] A small, broad-headed nail. [Scot.] Jamieson. Tackey Tack"ey (?), a. & n. See Tacky. Tacking Tack"ing, n. (Law) A union of securities given at different times, all of which must be redeemed before an intermediate purchaser can interpose his claim. Bouvier. NOTE: &hand; Th e doctrine of tacking is not recognized in American law. Kent. Tackle Tac"kle (?; sometimes improperly pronounced ?, especially by seamen), n. [OE. takel, akin to LG. & D. takel, Dan. takkel, Sw. tackel; perhaps akin to E. taw, v.t., or to take.] 1. Apparatus for raising or lowering heavy weights, consisting of a rope and pulley blocks; sometimes, the rope and attachments, as distinct from the block. 2. Any instruments of action; an apparatus by which an object is moved or operated; gear; as, fishing tackle, hunting tackle; formerly, specifically, weapons. "She to her tackle fell." Hudibras. NOTE: &hand; In Chaucer, it denotes usually an arrow or arrows. 3. (Naut.) The rigging and apparatus of a ship; also, any purchase where more than one block is used. Fall and tackle. See the Note under Pulley. -- Fishing tackle. See under Fishing, a. -- Ground tackle (Naut.), anchors, cables, etc. -- Gun tackle, the apparatus or appliances for hauling cannon in or out. -- Tackle fall, the rope, or rather the end of the rope, of a tackle, to which the power is applied. -- Tack tackle (Naut.), a small tackle to pull down the tacks of the principal sails. -- Tackle board, Tackle post (Ropemaking), a board, frame, or post, at the end of a ropewalk, for supporting the spindels, or whirls, for twisting the yarns. Tackle Tac"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tackled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tackling.] [Cf. LG. takeln to equip. See Tackle, n.] 1. To supply with tackle. Beau. & Fl. 2. To fasten or attach, as with a tackle; to harness; as, to tackle a horse into a coach or wagon. [Colloq.] 3. To seize; to lay hold of; to grapple; as, a wrestler tackles his antagonist; a dog tackles the game. The greatest poetess of our day has wasted her time and strength in tackling windmills under conditions the most fitted to insure her defeat. Dublin Univ. Mag. <-- 4. (Football) To cause the ball carrier to fall to the ground, thus ending the forward motion of the ball. 5. To begin to deal with; as, to tackle the problem. --> Tackled Tac"kled (?), a. Made of ropes tacked together. My man shall be with thee, And bring thee cords made like a tackled stair. Shak. Tackling Tac"kling, n. (Naut.) 1. Furniture of the masts and yards of a vessel, as cordage, sails, etc. 2. Instruments of action; as, fishing tackling. Walton. 3. The straps and fixures adjusted to an animal, by which he draws a carriage, or the like; harness. Tacksman Tacks"man (?), n.; pl. Tacksmen (. (Scots Law) One who holds a tack or lease from another; a tenant, or lessee. Sir W. Scott. The tacksmen, who formed what may be called the "peerage" of the little community, must be the captains. Macaulay. Tacky Tack"y (?), a. [Cf. Techy, Tack a spot.] Sticky; adhesive; raw; -- said of paint, varnish, etc., when not well dried. [U. S.] <-- 2. In poor taste; appearing cheap; gaudy; unstylish. Broadly used to describe objects whose style is disapproved of by the speaker. 3. Tactless; in poor taste; -- used to describe behavior. --> Taconic Ta*con"ic (?), a. (Geol.) Designating, or pertaining to, the series of rocks forming the Taconic mountains in Western New England. They were once supposed to be older than the Cambrian, but later proved to belong to the Lower Silurian and Cambrian. Tact Tact (?), n. [L. tactus a touching, touch, fr. tangere, tactum, to touch: cf. F. tact. See Tangent.] 1. The sense of touch; feeling. Did you suppose that I could not make myself sensible to tact as well as sight? Southey. Now, sight is a very refined tact. J. Le Conte. 2. (Mus.) The stroke in beating time. 3. Sensitive mental touch; peculiar skill or faculty; nice perception or discernment; ready power of appreciating and doing what is required by circumstances. He had formed plans not inferior in grandeur and boldness to those of Richelieu, and had carried them into effect with a tact and wariness worthy of Mazarin. Macaulay. A tact which surpassed the tact of her sex as much as the tact of her sex surpassed the tact of ours. Macaulay. Tactable Tac"ta*ble (?), a. Capable of being touched; tangible. [R.] "They [women] being created to be both tractable and tactable." Massinger. Tactic, Tactical Tac"tic (?), Tac"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. tactics.] Of or pertaining to the art of military and naval tactics. -- Tac"tic*al*ly, adv. Tactic Tac"tic (?), n. See Tactics. Tactician Tac*ti"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. tacticien.] One versed in tactics; hence, a skillful maneuverer; an adroit manager. <-- as, a skilled parliamentary tactician. --> Tactics Tac"tics (?), n. [Gr. tactique.] 1. The science and art of disposing military and naval forces in order for battle, and performing military and naval evolutions. It is divided into grand tactics, or the tactics of battles, and elementary tactics, or the tactics of instruction. 2. Hence, any system or method of procedure. Tactile Tac"tile (?), a. [L. tactilis, fr. tangere, tactum, to touch: cf. F. tactile.] Of or pertaining to the organs, or the sense, of touch; perceiving, or perceptible, by the touch; capable of being touched; as, tactile corpuscles; tactile sensations. "Tactile sweets." Beaumont. "Tactile qualities." Sir M. Hale. Tactile sense (Physiol.), the sense of touch, or pressure sense. See Touch. The delicacy of the tactile sense varies on different parts of the skin; it is geatest on the forehead, temples and back of the forearm. H. N. Martin. Tactility Tac*til"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. tactilit\'82.] The quality or state of being tactile; perceptibility by touch; tangibleness. Taction Tac"tion (?), n. [L. tactio, from tangere, tactum, to touch.] The act of touching; touch; contact; tangency. "External taction." Chesterfield. Tactless Tact"less (?), a. Destitute of tact. Tactual Tac"tu*al (?), a. [See Tact.] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the sense, or the organs, of touch; derived from touch. In the lowest organisms we have a kind of tactual sense diffused over the entire body. Tyndall. Tadpole Tad"pole` (?), n. [OE. tadde toad (AS. t\'bedie, t\'bedige) + poll; properly, a toad that is or seems all head. See Toad, and Poll.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The young aquatic larva of any amphibian. In this stage it breathes by means of external or internal gills, is at first destitute of legs, and has a finlike tail. Called also polliwig, polliwog, porwiggle, or purwiggy. 2. (Zo\'94l.) The hooded merganser. [Local, U.S.] Tadpole fish. (Zo\'94l.) See Forkbeard (a). T\'91dium T\'91"di*um (?), n. [L.] See Tedium. Tael Tael (?), n. [Malay ta, a certain weight, probably fr. Hind. tola, Skr. tul\'be a balance, weight, tul to weigh.] A denomination of money, in China, worth nearly six shillings sterling, or about a dollar and forty cents; also, a weight of one ounce and a third. [Written also tale.] Taen, OR Ta'en Taen (?), OR Ta'en, p. p. of Ta, to take, or a contraction of Taken. [Poetic & Scot.] Burns. T\'91nia T\'91"ni*a (?), n.; pl. T\'91ni\'91 (#). [L., a ribbon, a tapeworm.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of intestinal worms which includes the common tapeworms of man. See Tapeworm. 2. (Anat.) A band; a structural line; -- applied to several bands and lines of nervous matter in the brain. 3. (Arch.) The fillet, or band, at the bottom of a Doric frieze, separating it from the architrave. T\'91niada T\'91*ni"a*da (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as T\'91nioidea. T\'91niata T\'91`ni*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. taenia a ribbon.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Ctenophora including those which have a long, ribbonlike body. The Venus's girdle is the most familiar example. T\'91nidium T\'91*nid"i*um (?), n.; pl. T\'91nidia (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. taenia a ribbon.] (Zo\'94l.) The chitinous fiber forming the spiral thread of the trache\'91 of insects. See Illust. of Trachea. T\'91nioglossa T\'91`ni*o*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of gastropod mollusks in which the odontophore is long and narrow, and usually bears seven rows of teeth. It includes a large number of families both marine and fresh-water. T\'91nioglossate T\'91`ni*o*glos"sate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the T\'91nioglossa. T\'91nioid T\'91"ni*oid (?), a. [T\'91nia + -oid.] 1. Ribbonlike; shaped like a ribbon. 2. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to T\'91nia. T\'91nioidea T\'91`ni*oi"de*a (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The division of cestode worms which comprises the tapeworms. See Tapeworm. T\'91niola T\'91*ni"o*la (?), n.; pl. T\'91niol\'91 (#). [L., dim. of taenia a ribbon.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the radial partitions which separate the internal cavities of certain medus\'91. T\'91niosomi T\'91`ni*o*so"mi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes remarkable for their long and compressed form. The ribbon fishes are examples. See Ribbon fish, under Ribbon. Tafferer Taf"fer*er (?), n. (Naut.) See Taffrail. Taffeta, Taffety Taf"fe*ta (?), Taf"fe*ty (?), n. [F. taffetas, It. taffet\'85, from Per. t\'beftah, originally, twisted, woven, from t\'beftan to twist, to spin.] A fine, smooth stuff of silk, having usually the wavy luster called watering. The term has also been applied to different kinds of silk goods, from the 16th century to modern times. Lined with taffeta and with sendal. Chaucer. Taffrail Taff"rail (?), n. [D. tafereel a panel, picture, fr. tafel table, fr. L. tabula. See Table.] (Naut.) The upper part of a ship's stern, which is flat like a table on the top, and sometimes ornamented with carved work; the rail around a ship's stern. [Written also tafferel.] Taffy Taf"fy (?), n. [Prov. E. taffy toffy.] 1. A kind of candy made of molasses or brown sugar boiled down and poured out in shallow pans. [Written also, in England, toffy.] 2. Flattery; soft phrases. [Slang] Tafia Taf"i*a (?), n. [Cf. F. & Sp. tafia, It. taffia; fr. Malay t\'bef\'c6a a spirit distilled from molasses. Cf. Ratafia.] A variety of rum. [West Indies] Tag Tag (?), n. [Probably akin to tack a small nail; cf. Sw. tagg a prickle, point, tooth.] 1. Any slight appendage, as to an article of dress; something slight hanging loosely; specifically, a direction card, or label. 2. A metallic binding, tube, or point, at the end of a string, or lace, to stiffen it. 3. The end, or catchword, of an actor's speech; cue. 4. Something mean and paltry; the rabble. [Obs.] Tag and rag, the lowest sort; the rabble. Holinshed. 5. A sheep of the first year. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. <-- Tag sale. [From the price tag usually attached to each item] A sale of usually used items (such as furniture, clothing, household items or bric-a-brac), conducted by one or a small group of individuals, at a location which is not a normal retail establishment. NOTE: Frequently it is he ld in th e pr ivate ho me or in a yard attached to a private home belonging to the seller. Similar to a yard sale or garage sale. Compare flea market, where used items are sold by many individuals in a place rented for the purpose. --> Tag Tag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tagging (?).] 1. To fit with, or as with, a tag or tags. He learned to make long-tagged thread laces. Macaulay. His courteous host . . . Tags every sentence with some fawning word. Dryden. 2. To join; to fasten; to attach. Bolingbroke. 3. To follow closely after; esp., to follow and touch in the game of tag. See Tag, a play. Tag Tag, v. i. To follow closely, as it were an appendage; -- often with after; as, to tag after a person. Tag Tag, n. [From Tag, v.; cf. Tag, an end.] A child's play in which one runs after and touches another, and then runs away to avoid being touched. Tagbelt Tag"belt` (?), n. (Far.) Same as Tagsore. [Obs.] Tagger Tag"ger (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, appends or joins one thing to another. 2. That which is pointed like a tag. Hedgehogs' or procupines' small taggers. Cotton. 3. pl. Sheets of tin or other plate which run below the gauge. Knight. 4. A device for removing taglocks from sheep. Knight. <-- [Colloq.] One who spray-paints a distinctive logo on a wall or other property not his own. --> Taglet Tag"let (?), n. A little tag. Taglia Tagl"ia (?), n. [It., a cutting, a pulley, from tagliare to cut. See Tailor.] (Mech.) A peculiar combination of pulleys. Brande & C. Tagliacotain Tagl`ia*co"tain (?), a. (Surg.) Of or pertaining to Tagliacozzi, a Venetian surgeon; as, the Tagliacotian operation, a method of rhinoplasty described by him. [Also Taliacotian, and Tagliacozzian.] Taglioni Tagl*io"ni (?), n. A kind of outer coat, or overcoat; -- said to be so named after a celebrated Italian family of professional dancers. He ought certainly to exchange his taglioni, or comfortable greatcoat, for a cuirass of steel. Sir W. Scott. Taglock Tag"lock` (?), n. An entangled lock, as of hair or wool. Nares. Tagnicate Tag"ni*cate (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The white-lipped peccary. Tag-rag Tag"-rag` (?), n. & a. [See Tag an end, and Rag.] The lowest class of people; the rabble. Cf. Rag, tag, and bobtail, under Bobtail. If the tag-rag people did not clap him and hiss him, I am no true man. Shak. Tagsore Tag"sore` (?), n. (Far.) Adhesion of the tail of a sheep to the wool from excoriation produced by contact with the feces; -- called also tagbelt. [Obs.] Tagtail Tag"tail` (?), n. 1. A worm which has its tail conspicuously colored. 2. A person who attaches himself to another against the will of the latter; a hanger-on. Taguan Tag"u*an (?), n. [From the native name in the East Indies.] (Zo\'94l.) A large flying squirrel (Pteromys petuarista). Its body becomes two feet long, with a large bushy tail nearly as long. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1469 Taguicati Ta`gui*ca"ti (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The white-lipped peccary. Taha Ta"ha (?), n. The African rufous-necked weaver bird (Hyphantornis texor). Tahaleb Ta*ha"leb (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A fox (Vulpes Niloticus) of Northern Africa. Tahitian Ta*hi"ti*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Tahiti, an island in the Pacific Ocean. -- n. A native inhabitant of Tahiti. Tahr Tahr (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Thar. Tail Tail (?), n. [F. taille a cutting. See Entail, Tally.] (Law) Limitation; abridgment. Burrill. Estate in tail, a limited, abridged, or reduced fee; an estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other heirs are precluded; -- called also estate tail. Blackstone. Tail Tail, a. (Law) Limited; abridged; reduced; curtailed; as, estate tail. Tail Tail, n. [AS. t\'91gel, t\'91gl; akin to G. zagel, Icel. tagl, Sw. tagel, Goth. tagl hair. \'fb59.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The terminal, and usually flexible, posterior appendage of an animal. NOTE: &hand; Th e tail of mammals and reptiles contains a series of movable vertebr\'91, and is covered with flesh and hairs or scales like those of other parts of the body. The tail of existing birds consists of several more or less consolidated vertebr\'91 which supports a fanlike group of quills to which the term tail is more particularly applied. The tail of fishes consists of the tapering hind portion of the body ending in a caudal fin. The term tail is sometimes applied to the entire abdomen of a crustacean or insect, and sometimes to the terminal piece or pygidium alone. 2. Any long, flexible terminal appendage; whatever resembles, in shape or position, the tail of an animal, as a catkin. Doretus writes a great praise of the distilled waters of those tails that hang on willow trees. Harvey. 3. Hence, the back, last, lower, or inferior part of anything, -- as opposed to the head, or the superior part. The Lord will make thee the head, and not the tail. Deut. xxviii. 13. 4. A train or company of attendants; a retinue. "Ah," said he, "if you saw but the chief with his tail on." Sir W. Scott. 5. The side of a coin opposite to that which bears the head, effigy, or date; the reverse; -- rarely used except in the expression "heads or tails," employed when a coin is thrown up for the purpose of deciding some point by its fall. 6. (Anat.) The distal tendon of a muscle. 7. (Bot.) A downy or feathery appendage to certain achens. It is formed of the permanent elongated style. 8. (Surg.) (a) A portion of an incision, at its beginning or end, which does not go through the whole thickness of the skin, and is more painful than a complete incision; -- called also tailing. (b) One of the strips at the end of a bandage formed by splitting the bandage one or more times. 9. (Naut.) A rope spliced to the strap of a block, by which it may be lashed to anything. 10. (Mus.) The part of a note which runs perpendicularly upward or downward from the head; the stem. Moore (Encyc. of Music). 11. pl. Same as Tailing, 4. 12. (Arch.) The bottom or lower portion of a member or part, as a slate or tile. 13. pl. (Mining) See Tailing, n., 5. Tail beam. (Arch.) Same as Tailpiece. -- Tail coverts (Zo\'94l.), the feathers which cover the bases of the tail quills. They are sometimes much longer than the quills, and form elegant plumes. Those above the quills are called the upper tail coverts, and those below, the under tail coverts. -- Tail end, the latter end; the termination; as, the tail end of a contest. [Colloq.] -- Tail joist. (Arch.) Same as Tailpiece. -- Tail of a comet (Astron.), a luminous train extending from the nucleus or body, often to a great distance, and usually in a direction opposite to the sun. -- Tail of a gale (Naut.), the latter part of it, when the wind has greatly abated. Totten. -- Tail of a lock (on a canal), the lower end, or entrance into the lower pond. -- Tail of the trenches (Fort.), the post where the besiegers begin to break ground, and cover themselves from the fire of the place, in advancing the lines of approach. -- Tail spindle, the spindle of the tailstock of a turning lathe; -- called also dead spindle. -- To turn tail, to run away; to flee. Would she turn tail to the heron, and fly quite out another way; but all was to return in a higher pitch. Sir P. Sidney. Tail Tail, v. t. 1. To follow or hang to, like a tail; to be attached closely to, as that which can not be evaded. [Obs.] Nevertheless his bond of two thousand pounds, wherewith he was tailed, continued uncanceled, and was called on the next Parliament. Fuller. 2. To pull or draw by the tail. [R.] Hudibras. To tail in OR on (Arch.), to fasten by one of the ends into a wall or some other support; as, to tail in a timber. Tail Tail, v. i. 1. (Arch.) To hold by the end; -- said of a timber when it rests upon a wall or other support; -- with in or into. 2. (Naut.) To swing with the stern in a certain direction; -- said of a vessel at anchor; as, this vessel tails down stream. Tail on. (Naut.) See Tally on, under Tally. Tailage Tail"age (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) See Tallage. Tail-bay Tail"-bay` (?), n. 1. (Arch.) One of the joists which rest one end on the wall and the other on a girder; also, the space between a wall and the nearest girder of a floor. Cf. Case-bay. 2. The part of a canal lock below the lower gates. Tailblock Tail"block` (?), n. (Naut.) A block with a tail. See Tail, 9. Tailboard Tail"board` (?), n. The board at the rear end of a cart or wagon, which can be removed or let down, for convenience in loading or unloading. Tailed Tailed (?), a. Having a tail; having (such) a tail or (so many) tails; -- chiefly used in composition; as, bobtailed, longtailed, etc. Snouted and tailed like a boar. Grew. Tailing Tail"ing (?), n. 1. (Arch.) The part of a projecting stone or brick inserted in a wall. Gwilt. 2. (Surg.) Same as Tail, n., 8 (a). 3. Sexual intercourse. [Obs.] Chaucer. 4. pl. The lighter parts of grain separated from the seed threshing and winnowing; chaff. 5. pl. (Mining) The refuse part of stamped ore, thrown behind the tail of the buddle or washing apparatus. It is dressed over again to secure whatever metal may exist in it. Called also tails. Pryce. Taille Taille (?), n. [F. See Tally, Tailor.] 1. A tally; an account scored on a piece of wood. [Obs.] Whether that he paid or took by taille. Chaucer. 2. (O. F. Law) Any imposition levied by the king, or any other lord, upon his subjects. The taille, as it still subsists in France, may serve as an example of those ancient tallages. It was a tax upon the profits of the farmer, which they estimate by the stock that he has upon the farm. A. Smith. 3. (Mus.) The French name for the tenor voice or part; also, for the tenor viol or viola. Tailless Tail"less (?), a. Having no tail. H. Spencer. Taillie Tail"lie (?), n. (Scots Law) Same as Tailzie. Tailor Tai"lor (?), n. [OF. tailleor, F. tailleur, fr. OF. taillier, F. tailler to cut, fr. L. talea a rod, stick, a cutting, layer for planting. Cf. Detail, Entail, Retail, Tally, n.] 1. One whose occupation is to cut out and make men's garments; also, one who cuts out and makes ladies' outer garments. Well said, good woman's tailor . . . I would thou wert a man's tailor. Shak. 2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The mattowacca; -- called also tailor herring. (b) The silversides. 3. (Zo\'94l.) The goldfish. [Prov. Eng.] Salt-water tailor (Zo\'94l.), the bluefish. [Local, U.S.] Bartlett. -- Tailor bird (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of small Asiatic and East Indian singing birds belonging to Orthotomus, Prinia, and allied genera. They are noted for the skill with which they sew leaves together to form nests. The common Indian species are O. longicauda, which has the back, scapulars, and upper tail coverts yellowish green, and the under parts white; and the golden-headed tailor bird (O. coronatus), which has the top of the head golden yellow and the back and wings pale olive-green. Tailor Tai"lor, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tailored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tailoring.] To practice making men's clothes; to follow the business of a tailor. These tailoring artists for our lays Invent cramped rules. M. Green. Tailoress Tai"lor*ess, n. A female tailor. Tailoring Tai"lor*ing, adv. The business or the work of a tailor or a tailoress. Tailpiece Tail"piece` (?), n. 1. A piece at the end; an appendage. 2. (Arch.) One of the timbers which tail into a header, in floor framing. See Illust. of Header. 3. (Print.) An ornament placed at the bottom of a short page to fill up the space, or at the end of a book. Savage. 4. A piece of ebony or other material attached to the lower end of a violin or similar instrument, to which the strings are fastened. Tailpin Tail"pin" (?), n. (Mach.) The center in the spindle of a turning lathe. Tailrace Tail"race` (?), n. 1. See Race, n., 6. 2. (Mining) The channel in which tailings, suspended in water, are conducted away. Tailstock Tail"stock` (?), n. The sliding block or support, in a lathe, which carries the dead spindle, or adjustable center. The headstock supports the live spindle. Tail-water Tail"-wa`ter (?), n. Water in a tailrace. Tailzie Tail"zie (-z&icr; OR -y&icr;), n. [F. tailler to cut. See Tail a limitation.] (Scots Law) An entailment or deed whereby the legal course of succession is cut off, and an arbitrary one substituted. [Written also tailzee.] Tain Tain (?), n. [OE. tein, teyne; cf. Icel. teinn a twig, akin to AS. t\'ben, Goth. tains.] Thin tin plate; also, tin foil for mirrors. Knight. Taint Taint (?), n. [Cf. F. atteinte a blow, bit, stroke. See Attaint.] 1. A thrust with a lance, which fails of its intended effect. [Obs.] This taint he followed with his sword drawn from a silver sheath. Chapman. 2. An injury done to a lance in an encounter, without its being broken; also, a breaking of a lance in an encounter in a dishonorable or unscientific manner. [Obs.] Taint Taint, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tainted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tainting.] To thrust ineffectually with a lance. [Obs.] Taint Taint, v. t. 1. To injure, as a lance, without breaking it; also, to break, as a lance, but usually in an unknightly or unscientific manner. [Obs.] Do not fear; I have A staff to taint, and bravely. Massinger. 2. To hit or touch lightly, in tilting. [Obs.] They tainted each other on the helms and passed by. Ld. Berners. Taint Taint, v. t. [F. teint, p.p. of teindre to dye, tinge, fr. L. tingere, tinctum. See Tinge, and cf. Tint.] 1. To imbue or impregnate with something extraneous, especially with something odious, noxious, or poisonous; hence, to corrupt; to infect; to poison; as, putrid substance taint the air. 2. Fig.: To stain; to sully; to tarnish. His unkindness may defeat my life, But never taint my love. Shak. Syn. -- To contaminate; defile; pollute; corrupt; infect; disease; vitiate; poison. Taint Taint (?), v. i. 1. To be infected or corrupted; to be touched with something corrupting. I can not taint with fear. Shak. 2. To be affected with incipient putrefaction; as, meat soon taints in warm weather. Taint Taint, n. 1. Tincture; hue; color; tinge. [Obs.] 2. Infection; corruption; deprivation. He had inherited from his parents a scrofulous taint, which it was beyond the power of medicine to remove. Macaulay. 3. A blemish on reputation; stain; spot; disgrace. Taintless Taint"less, a. Free from taint or infection; pure. Taintlessly Taint"less*ly, adv. In a taintless manner. Tainture Tain"ture (?), n. [F. teinture. See Taint to stain, and cf. Tincture.] Taint; tinge; difilement; stain; spot. [R.] Shak. Taintworm Taint"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A destructive parasitic worm or insect larva. Taira Tai"ra (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tayra. Tairn Tairn (?), n. See Tarn. Coleridge. Tait Tait (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small nocturnal and arboreal Australian marsupial (Tarsipes rostratus) about the size of a mouse. It has a long muzzle, a long tongue, and very few teeth, and feeds upon honey and insects. Called also noolbenger. Taja\'87u, Tajassu Ta*ja\'87"u, Ta*jas"su (?), n. [Pg. taja\'87\'a3, from Braz. taya\'87\'a3 a hog or swine.] (Zo\'94l.) The common, or collared, peccary. Take Take (?), obs. p. p. of Take. Taken. Chaucer. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1470 Take Take, v. t. [imp. Took (?); p. p. Takend (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taking.] [Icel. taka; akin to Sw. taga, Dan. tage, Goth. t\'c7kan to touch; of uncertain origin.] 1. In an active sense; To lay hold of; to seize with the hands, or otherwise; to grasp; to get into one's hold or possession; to procure; to seize and carry away; to convey. Hence, specifically: -- (a) To obtain possession of by force or artifice; to get the custody or control of; to reduce into subjection to one's power or will; to capture; to seize; to make prisoner; as, to take am army, a city, or a ship; also, to come upon or befall; to fasten on; to attack; to seize; -- said of a disease, misfortune, or the like. This man was taken of the Jews. Acts xxiii. 27. Men in their loose, unguarded hours they take; Not that themselves are wise, but others weak. Pope. They that come abroad after these showers are commonly taken with sickness. Bacon. There he blasts the tree and takes the cattle And makes milch kine yield blood. Shak. (b) To gain or secure the interest or affection of; to captivate; to engage; to interest; to charm. Neither let her take thee with her eyelids. Prov. vi. 25. Cleombroutus was so taken with this prospect, that he had no patience. Wake. I know not why, but there was a something in those half-seen features, -- a charm in the very shadow that hung over their imagined beauty, -- which took me more than all the outshining loveliness of her companions. Moore. (c) To make selection of; to choose; also, to turn to; to have recourse to; as, to take the road to the right. Saul said, Cast lots between me and Jonathan my son. And Jonathan was taken. 1 Sam. xiv. 42. The violence of storming is the course which God is forced to take for the destroying . . . of sinners. Hammond. (d) To employ; to use; to occupy; hence, to demand; to require; as, it takes so much cloth to make a coat. This man always takes time . . . before he passes his judgments. I. Watts. (e) To form a likeness of; to copy; to delineate; to picture; as, to take picture of a person. Beauty alone could beauty take so right. Dryden. (f) To draw; to deduce; to derive. [R.] The firm belief of a future judgment is the most forcible motive to a good life, because taken from this consideration of the most lasting happiness and misery. Tillotson. (g) To assume; to adopt; to acquire, as shape; to permit to one's self; to indulge or engage in; to yield to; to have or feel; to enjoy or experience, as rest, revenge, delight, shame; to form and adopt, as a resolution; -- used in general senses, limited by a following complement, in many idiomatic phrases; as, to take a resolution; I take the liberty to say. (h) To lead; to conduct; as, to take a child to church. (i) To carry; to convey; to deliver to another; to hand over; as, he took the book to the bindery. He took me certain gold, I wot it well. Chaucer. (k) To remove; to withdraw; to deduct; -- with from; as, to take the breath from one; to take two from four. 2. In a somewhat passive sense, to receive; to bear; to endure; to acknowledge; to accept. Specifically: -- (a) To accept, as something offered; to receive; not to refuse or reject; to admit. Ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer. Num. xxxv. 31. Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore. 1 Tim. v. 10. (b) To receive as something to be eaten or dronk; to partake of; to swallow; as, to take food or wine. (c) Not to refuse or balk at; to undertake readily; to clear; as, to take a hedge or fence. (d) To bear without ill humor or resentment; to submit to; to tolerate; to endure; as, to take a joke; he will take an affront from no man. (e) To admit, as, something presented to the mind; not to dispute; to allow; to accept; to receive in thought; to entertain in opinion; to understand; to interpret; to regard or look upon; to consider; to suppose; as, to take a thing for granted; this I take to be man's motive; to take men for spies. You take me right. Bacon. Charity, taken in its largest extent, is nothing else but the science love of God and our neighbor. Wake. [He] took that for virtue and affection which was nothing but vice in a disguise. South. You'd doubt his sex, and take him for a girl. Tate. (f) To accept the word or offer of; to receive and accept; to bear; to submit to; to enter into agreement with; -- used in general senses; as, to take a form or shape. I take thee at thy word. Rowe. Yet thy moist clay is pliant to command; . . . Not take the mold. Dryden. To be taken aback, To take advantage of, To take air, etc. See under Aback, Advantage, etc. -- To take aim, to direct the eye or weapon; to aim. -- To take along, to carry, lead, or convey. -- To take arms, to commence war or hostilities. -- To take away, to carry off; to remove; to cause deprivation of; to do away with; as, a bill for taking away the votes of bishops. "By your own law, I take your life away." Dryden. -- To take breath, to stop, as from labor, in order to breathe or rest; to recruit or refresh one's self. -- To take care, to exercise care or vigilance; to be solicitous. "Doth God take care for oxen?" 1 Cor. ix. 9. -- To take care of, to have the charge or care of; to care for; to superintend or oversee. -- To take down. (a) To reduce; to bring down, as from a high, or higher, place; as, to take down a book; hence, to bring lower; to depress; to abase or humble; as, to take down pride, or the proud. "I never attempted to be impudent yet, that I was not taken down." Goldsmith. (b) To swallow; as, to take down a potion. (c) To pull down; to pull to pieces; as, to take down a house or a scaffold. (d) To record; to write down; as, to take down a man's words at the time he utters them. -- To take effect, To take fire. See under Effect, and Fire. -- To take ground to the right OR to the left (Mil.), to extend the line to the right or left; to move, as troops, to the right or left. -- To take heart, to gain confidence or courage; to be encouraged. -- To take heed, to be careful or cautious. "Take heed what doom against yourself you give." Dryden. -- To take heed to, to attend with care, as, take heed to thy ways. -- To take hold of, to seize; to fix on. -- To take horse, to mount and ride a horse. -- To take in. (a) To inclose; to fence. (b) To encompass or embrace; to comprise; to comprehend. (c) To draw into a smaller compass; to contract; to brail or furl; as, to take in sail. (d) To cheat; to circumvent; to gull; to deceive. [Colloq.] (e) To admit; to receive; as, a leaky vessel will take in water. (f) To win by conquest. [Obs.] For now Troy's broad-wayed town He shall take in. Chapman. (g) To receive into the mind or understanding. "Some bright genius can take in a long train of propositions." I. Watts. (h) To receive regularly, as a periodical work or newspaper; to take. [Eng.] -- To take in hand. See under Hand. -- To take in vain, to employ or utter as in an oath. "Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain." Ex. xx. 7. -- To take issue. See under Issue. -- To take leave. See Leave, n., 2. -- To take a newspaper, magazine, or the like, to receive it regularly, as on paying the price of subscription. -- To take notice, to observe, or to observe with particular attention. -- To take notice of. See under Notice. -- To take oath, to swear with solemnity, or in a judicial manner. -- To take off. (a) To remove, as from the surface or outside; to remove from the top of anything; as, to take off a load; to take off one's hat. (b) To cut off; as, to take off the head, or a limb. (c) To destroy; as, to take off life. (d) To remove; to invalidate; as, to take off the force of an argument. (e) To withdraw; to call or draw away. Locke. (f) To swallow; as, to take off a glass of wine. (g) To purchase; to take in trade. "The Spaniards having no commodities that we will take off." Locke. (h) To copy; to reproduce. "Take off all their models in wood." Addison. (i) To imitate; to mimic; to personate. (k) To find place for; to dispose of; as, more scholars than preferments can take off. [R.] Bacon. <-- to begin to fly; -- said of an airplane, or of a person operating an airplane or other flying device. --> -- To take on, to assume; to take upon one's self; as, to take on a character or responsibility. -- To take one's own course, to act one's pleasure; to pursue the measures of one's own choice. -- To take order for. See under Order. -- To take order with, to check; to hinder; to repress. [Obs.] Bacon. -- To take orders. (a) To receive directions or commands. (b) (Eccl.) To enter some grade of the ministry. See Order, n., 10. -- To take out. (a) To remove from within a place; to separate; to deduct. (b) To draw out; to remove; to clear or cleanse from; as, to take out a stain or spot from cloth. (c) To produce for one's self; as, to take out a patent. <-- "produce"?? better, "obtain" --> (d) To put an end to; as, to take the conceit out of a man. (e) To escort; as, to take out to dinner.<-- usu. paying the expenses --> -- To take over, to undertake; to take the management of. [Eng.] Cross (Life of G. Eliot). -- To take part, to share; as, they take part in our rejoicing. -- To take part with, to unite with; to join with.<-- take part in = participate in --> -- To take place, root, sides, stock, etc. See under Place, Root, Side, etc. -- To take the air. (a) (Falconry) To seek to escape by trying to rise higher than the falcon; -- said of a bird. (b) See under Air. -- To take the field. (Mil.) See under Field. -- To take thought, to be concerned or anxious; to be solicitous. Matt. vi. 25, 27. -- To take to heart. See under Heart. -- To take to task, to reprove; to censure. -- <-- to take to the air, to take off. --> To take up. (a) To lift; to raise. Hood. (b) To buy or borrow; as, to take up goods to a large amount; to take up money at the bank. (c) To begin; as, to take up a lamentation. Ezek. xix. 1. (d) To gather together; to bind up; to fasten or to replace; as, to take up raveled stitches; specifically (Surg.), to fasten with a ligature. (e) To engross; to employ; to occupy or fill; as, to take up the time; to take up a great deal of room. (f) To take permanently. "Arnobius asserts that men of the finest parts . . . took up their rest in the Christian religion." Addison. (g) To seize; to catch; to arrest; as, to take up a thief; to take up vagabonds. (h) To admit; to believe; to receive. [Obs.] The ancients took up experiments upon credit. Bacon. (i) To answer by reproof; to reprimand; to berate. One of his relations took him up roundly. L'Estrange. (k) To begin where another left off; to keep up in continuous succession. Soon as the evening shades prevail, The moon takes up the wondrous tale. Addison. <-- The second volume takes up where the first left off. --> (l) To assume; to adopt as one's own; to carry on or manage; as, to take up the quarrels of our neighbors; to take up current opinions. "They take up our old trade of conquering." Dryden. (m) To comprise; to include. "The noble poem of Palemon and Arcite . . . takes up seven years." Dryden. (n) To receive, accept, or adopt for the purpose of assisting; to espouse the cause of; to favor. Ps. xxvii. 10. (o) To collect; to exact, as a tax; to levy; as, to take up a contribution. "Take up commodities upon our bills." Shak. (p) To pay and receive; as, to take up a note at the bank. (q) (Mach.) To remove, as by an adjustment of parts; as, to take up lost motion, as in a bearing; also, to make tight, as by winding, or drawing; as, to take up slack thread in sewing. (r) To make up; to compose; to settle; as, to take up a quarrel. [Obs.] Shak. <-- (s) To accept from someone, as a wager or a challenge. "J. took M. up on his challenge." --> -- To take up arms. Same as To take arms, above. -- To take upon one's self. (a) To assume; to undertake; as, he takes upon himself to assert that the fact is capable of proof. (b) To appropriate to one's self; to allow to be imputed to, or inflicted upon, one's self; as, to take upon one's self a punishment. -- To take up the gauntlet. See under Gauntlet. Take Take (?), v. i. 1. To take hold; to fix upon anything; to have the natural or intended effect; to accomplish a purpose; as, he was inoculated, but the virus did not take. Shak. When flame taketh and openeth, it giveth a noise. Bacon. In impressions from mind to mind, the impression taketh, but is overcome . . . before it work any manifest effect. Bacon. 2. To please; to gain reception; to succeed. Each wit may praise it for his own dear sake, And hint he writ it, if the thing should take. Addison. 3. To move or direct the course; to resort; to betake one's self; to proceed; to go; -- usually with to; as, the fox, being hard pressed, took to the hedge. 4. To admit of being pictured, as in a photograph; as, his face does not take well. To take after. (a) To learn to follow; to copy; to imitate; as, he takes after a good pattern. (b) To resemble; as, the son takes after his father. -- To take in with, to resort to. [Obs.] Bacon. -- To take on, to be violently affected; to express grief or pain in a violent manner. -- To take to. (a) To apply one's self to; to be fond of; to become attached to; as, to take to evil practices. "If he does but take to you, . . . you will contract a great friendship with him." Walpole. (b) To resort to; to betake one's self to. "Men of learning, who take to business, discharge it generally with greater honesty than men of the world." Addison. -- To take up. (a) To stop. [Obs.] "Sinners at last take up and settle in a contempt of religion." Tillotson. (b) To reform. [Obs.] Locke. -- To take up with. (a) To be contended to receive; to receive without opposition; to put up with; as, to take up with plain fare. "In affairs which may have an extensive influence on our future happiness, we should not take up with probabilities." I. Watts. (b) To lodge with; to dwell with. [Obs.] L'Estrange. -- To take with, to please. Bacon. Take Take, n. 1. That which is taken; especially, the quantity of fish captured at one haul or catch. 2. (Print.) The quantity or copy given to a compositor at one time. Take-in Take"-in` (?), n. Imposition; fraud. [Colloq.] Taken Tak"en (?), p. p. of Take. Take-off Take"-off` (?), n. An imitation, especially in the way of caricature. Taker Tak"er (?), n. One who takes or receives; one who catches or apprehended. Take-up Take"-up` (?), n. (Mach.) That which takes up or tightens; specifically, a device in a sewing machine for drawing up the slack thread as the needle rises, in completing a stitch. Taking Tak"ing (?), a. 1. Apt to take; alluring; attracting. Subtile in making his temptations most taking. Fuller. 2. Infectious; contageous. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. -- Tak"ing*ly, adv. -- Tak"ing*ness, n. Taking Tak"ing, n. 1. The act of gaining possession; a seizing; seizure; apprehension. 2. Agitation; excitement; distress of mind. [Colloq.] What a taking was he in, when your husband asked who was in the basket! Shak. 3. Malign influence; infection. [Obs.] Shak. Taking-off Tak"ing-off` (?), n. Removal; murder. See To take off (c), under Take, v. t. The deep damnation of his taking-off. Shak. Talapoin Tal"a*poin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small African monkey (Cercopithecus, OR Miopithecus, talapoin) -- called also melarhine. Talaria Ta*la"ri*a (?), n. pl. [L., from talaris pertaining to the ankles, fr. talus ankle.] (Class. Myth.) Small wings or winged shoes represented as fastened to the ankles, -- chiefly used as an attribute of Mercury. Talbot Tal"bot (?), n. A sort of dog, noted for quick scent and eager pursuit of game. [Obs.] Wase (1654). NOTE: &hand; The figure of a dog is borne in the arms of the Talbot family, whence, perhaps, the name. Talbotype Tal"bo*type (?), n. (Photog.) Same as Calotype. Talc Talc (?), n. [F. talc; cf. Sp. & It. talco, LL. talcus; all fr. Ar. talq.] (Min.) A soft mineral of a soapy feel and a greenish, whitish, or grayish color, usually occurring in foliated masses. It is hydrous silicate of magnesia. Steatite, or soapstone, is a compact granular variety. Indurated talc, an impure, slaty talc, with a nearly compact texture, and greater hardness than common talc; -- called also talc slate. Talcose, Talcous Tal*cose" (?), Talc"ous (?), a. [Cf. F. talqueux.] (Min.) Of or pertaining to talc; composed of, or resembling, talc. Tale Tale (?), n. See Tael. Tale Tale, n. [AS. talu number, speech, narrative; akin to D. taal speech, language, G. zahl number, OHG. zala, Icel. tal, tala, number, speech, Sw. tal, Dan. tal number, tale speech, Goth. talzjan to instruct. Cf. Tell, v. t., Toll a tax, also Talk, v. i.] 1. That which is told; an oral relation or recital; any rehearsal of what has occured; narrative; discourse; statement; history; story. "The tale of Troy divine." Milton. "In such manner rime is Dante's tale." Chaucer. We spend our years as a tale that is told. Ps. xc. 9. 2. A number told or counted off; a reckoning by count; an enumeration; a count, in distinction from measure or weight; a number reckoned or stated. The ignorant, . . . who measure by tale, and not by weight. Hooker. And every shepherd tells his tale, Under the hawthornn in the dale. Milton. In packing, they keep a just tale of the number. Carew. 3. (Law) A count or declaration. [Obs.] To tell tale of, to make account of. [Obs.] Therefore little tale hath he told Of any dream, so holy was his heart. Chaucer. Syn. -- Anecdote; story; fable; incident; memoir; relation; account; legend; narrative. Tale Tale (?), v. i. To tell stories. [Obs.] Chaucer. Gower. Talebearer Tale"bear`er (?), n. One who officiously tells tales; one who impertinently or maliciously communicates intelligence, scandal, etc., and makes mischief. Spies and talebearers, encouraged by her father, did their best to inflame her resentment. Macaulay. Talebearing Tale"bear`ing, a. Telling tales officiously. Talebearing Tale"bear`ing, n. The act of informing officiously; communication of sectrts, scandal, etc., maliciously. Taled Ta"led (?), n. (Jewish Antiq.) A kind of quadrangular piece of cloth put on by the Jews when repeating prayers in the synagogues. Crabb. Taleful Tale"ful (?), a. Full of stories. [R.] Thomson. Talegalla Tal`e*gal"la (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Australian birds which includes the brush turkey. See Brush turkey. Talent Tal"ent (?), n. [F., fr. L. talentum a talent (in sense 1), Gr. tolerare, tollere, to lift up, sustain, endure. See Thole, v. t., Tolerate.] 1. Among the ancient Greeks, a weight and a denomination of money equal to 60 min\'91 or 6,000 drachm\'91. The Attic talent, as a weight, was about 57 lbs. avoirdupois; as a denomination of silver money, its value was \'9c243 15s. sterling, or about $1,180. Rowing vessel whose burden does not exceed five hundred talents. Jowett (Thucid.). 2. Among the Hebrews, a weight and denomination of money. For silver it was equivalent to 3,000 shekels, and in weight was equal to about 93 3. Inclination; will; disposition; desire. [Obs.] They rather counseled you to your talent than to your profit. Chaucer. 4. Intellectual ability, natural or acquired; mental endowment or capacity; skill in accomplishing; a special gift, particularly in business, art, or the like; faculty; a use of the word probably originating in the Scripture parable of the talents (Matt. xxv. 14-30). He is chiefly to be considered in his three different talents, as a critic, a satirist, and a writer of odes. Dryden. His talents, his accomplishments, his graceful manners, made him generally popular. Macaulay. Syn. -- Ability; faculty; gift; endowment. See Genius. Talented Tal"ent*ed, a. Furnished with talents; possessing skill or talent; mentally gifted. Abp. Abbot (1663). NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd has been strongly objected to by Coleridge and some other critics, but, as it would seem, upon not very good grounds, as the use of talent or talents to signify mental ability, although at first merely metaphorical, is now fully established, and talented, as a formative, is just as analogical and legitimate as gifted, bigoted, moneyed, landed, lilied, honeyed, and numerous other adjectives having a participal form, but derived directly from nouns and not from verbs. Tales Ta"les (?), n. [L., pl. of talis such (persons).] (Law) (a) pl. Persons added to a jury, commonly from those in or about the courthouse, to make up any deficiency in the number of jurors regularly summoned, being like, or such as, the latter. Blount. Blackstone. (b) syntactically sing. The writ by which such persons are summoned. Tales book, a book containing the names of such as are admitted of the tales. Blount. Craig. -- Tales de circumstantibus [L.], such, or the like, from those standing about. Talesman Tales"man (?), n.; pl. Talesmen (. (Law) A person called to make up a deficiency in the number of jurors when a tales is awarded. Wharton. Taleteller Tale"tell`er (?), n. One who tells tales or stories, especially in a mischievous or officious manner; a talebearer; a telltale; a tattler. Talewise Tale"wise` (?), adv. In a way of a tale or story. Taliacotian Tal"ia*co`tian (?), a. See Tagliacotian. Taliation Tal`i*a"tion (?), n. Retaliation. [Obs.] Just heav'n this taliation did decree. Beaumont. Talion Ta"li*on (?), n. [F., fr. L. talio, perh. fr. talis such. Cf. Retaliation.] Retaliation. [R.] Holinshed. Talipes Tal"i*pes (?), n. [NL., fr. L. talus an ankle + pes, pedis, a foot; cf. L. talipedare to be weak in the feet, properly, to walk on the ankles.] (Surg.) The deformity called clubfoot. See Clubfoot. NOTE: &hand; Se veral va rieties ar e di stinguished; as , Ta lipes varus, in which the foot is drawn up and bent inward; T. valgus, in which the foot is bent outward; T. equinus, in which the sole faces backward and the patient walks upon the balls of the toes; and T. calcaneus (called also talus), in which the sole faces forward and the patient walks upon the heel. Talipot Tal"i*pot (?), n. [Hind. t\'belp\'bet the leaf of the tree.] (Bot.) A beautiful tropical palm tree (Corypha umbraculifera), a native of Ceylon and the Malabar coast. It has a trunk sixty or seventy feet high, bearing a crown of gigantic fan-shaped leaves which are used as umbrellas and as fans in ceremonial processions, and, when cut into strips, as a substitute for writing paper. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1471 Talisman Tal"is*man (?), n.; pl. Talismans (#). [Sp., from Ar. tilism, tilsam, a magical image, pl. tilsam\'ben, fr. Gr. 1. A magical figure cut or engraved under certain superstitious observances of the configuration of the heavens, to which wonderful effects are ascribed; the seal, figure, character, or image, of a heavenly sign, constellation, or planet, engraved on a sympathetic stone, or on a metal corresponding to the star, in order to receive its influence. 2. Hence, something that produces extraordinary effects, esp. in averting or repelling evil; an amulet; a charm; as, a talisman to avert diseases. Swift. Talismanic, Talismanical Tal`is*man"ic (?), Tal`is*man"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. talismanique.] Of or pertaining to a talisman; having the properties of a talisman, or preservative against evils by occult influence; magical. Talk Talk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Talked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Talking.] [Cf. LG. talk talk, gabble, Prov. G. talken to speak indistinctly; or OD. tolken to interpret, MHG. tolkan to interpret, to tell, to speak indistinctly, Dan. tolke to interpret, Sw. tolka, Icel. t to interpret, t an interpreter, Lith. tulkas an interpreter, tulkanti, tulk\'d3ti, to interpret, Russ. tolkovate to interpret, to talk about; or perhaps fr. OE. talien to speak (see Tale, v. i. & n.).] 1. To utter words; esp., to converse familiarly; to speak, as in familiar discourse, when two or more persons interchange thoughts. I will buy with you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with you, and so following, but I will not eat with you. Shak. 2. To confer; to reason; to consult. Let me talk with thee of thy judgments. Jer. xii. 1. 3. To prate; to speak impertinently. [Colloq.] To talk of, to relate; to tell; to give an account of; as, authors talk of the wonderful remains of Palmyra. "The natural histories of Switzerland talk much of the fall of these rocks, and the great damage done." Addison. -- To talk to, to advise or exhort, or to reprove gently; as, I will talk to my son respecting his conduct. [Colloq.] Talk Talk, v. t. 1. To speak freely; to use for conversing or communicating; as, to talk French. 2. To deliver in talking; to speak; to utter; to make a subject of conversation; as, to talk nonsense; to talk politics. 3. To consume or spend in talking; -- often followed by away; as, to talk away an evening. 4. To cause to be or become by talking. "They would talk themselves mad." Shak. To talk over. (a) To talk about; to have conference respecting; to deliberate upon; to discuss; as, to talk over a matter or plan. (b) To change the mind or opinion of by talking; to convince; as, to talk over an opponent. Talk Talk, n. 1. The act of talking; especially, familiar converse; mutual discourse; that which is uttered, especially in familiar conversation, or the mutual converse of two or more. In various talk the instructive hours they passed. Pope. Their talk, when it was not made up of nautical phrases, was too commonly made up of oaths and curses. Macaulay. 2. Report; rumor; as, to hear talk of war. I hear a talk up and down of raising our money. Locke. 3. Subject of discourse; as, his achievment is the talk of the town. Syn. -- Conversation; colloquy; discourse; chat; dialogue; conference; communication. See Conversation. Talkative Talk"a*tive (?), a. Given to much talking. Syn. -- Garrulous; loquacious. See Garrulous. -- Talk"a*tive*ly, adv. -- Talk"a*tive*ness, n. Talker Talk"er (?), n. 1. One who talks; especially, one who is noted for his power of conversing readily or agreeably; a conversationist. There probably were never four talkers more admirable in four different ways than Johnson, Burke, Beauclerk, and Garrick. Macaulay. 2. A loquacious person, male or female; a prattler; a babbler; also, a boaster; a braggart; -- used in contempt or reproach. Jer. Taylor. Talking Talk"ing, a. 1. That talks; able to utter words; as, a talking parrot. 2. Given to talk; loquacious. The hawthorn bush, with seats beneath the shade, For talking age and whispering lovers made. Goldsmith. Tall Tall (?), a. [Compar. Taller (?); superl. Tallest.] [OE. tal seemly, elegant, docile (?); of uncertain origin; cf. AS. un-tala, un-tale, bad, Goth. untals indocile, disobedient, uninstructed, or W. & Corn. tal high, Ir. talla meet, fit, proper, just.] 1. High in stature; having a considerable, or an unusual, extension upward; long and comparatively slender; having the diameter or lateral extent small in proportion to the height; as, a tall person, tree, or mast. Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall. Milton. 2. Brave; bold; courageous. [Obs.] As tall a trencherman As e'er demolished a pye fortification. Massinger. His companions, being almost in despair of victory, were suddenly recomforted by Sir William Stanley, which came to succors with three thousand tall men. Grafton. 3. Fine; splendid; excellent; also, extravagant; excessive. [Obs. or Slang] B. Jonson. Syn. -- High; lofty. -- Tall, High, Lofty. High is the generic term, and is applied to anything which is elevated or raised above another thing. Tall specifically describes that which has a small diameter in proportion to its height; hence, we speak of a tall man, a tall steeple, a tall mast, etc., but not of a tall hill. Lofty has a special reference to the expanse above us, and denotes an imposing height; as, a lofty mountain; a lofty room. Tall is now properly applied only to physical objects; high and lofty have a moral acceptation; as, high thought, purpose, etc.; lofty aspirations; a lofty genius. Lofty is the stronger word, and is usually coupled with the grand or admirable. Tallage, Talliage Tal"lage (?), Tal"li*age (?), n. [F. taillage. See Taille, and cf. Tailage.] (O. Eng. Law) A certain rate or tax paid by barons, knights, and inferior tenants, toward the public expenses. [Written also tailage, taillage.] NOTE: &hand; When paid out of knight's fees, it was called scutage; when by cities and burghs, tallage; when upon lands not held by military tenure, hidage. Blackstone. Tallage Tal"lage, v. t. To lay an impost upon; to cause to pay tallage. Tallier Tal"li*er (?), n. One who keeps tally. Tallness Tall"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being tall; height of stature. Tallow Tal"low (?), n. [OE. taluh, talugh; akin to OD. talgh, D. talk, G., Dan. and Sw. talg, Icel. t\'d3lgr, t\'d3lg, t\'d3lk; and perhaps to Goth. tulgus firm.] 1. The suet or fat of animals of the sheep and ox kinds, separated from membranous and fibrous matter by melting. NOTE: &hand; Th e so lid co nsistency of tallow is due to the large amount of stearin it contains. See Fat. 2. The fat of some other animals, or the fat obtained from certain plants, or from other sources, resembling the fat of animals of the sheep and ox kinds. Tallow candle, a candle made of tallow. -- Tallow catch, a keech. See Keech. [Obs.] -- Tallow chandler, one whose occupation is to make, or to sell, tallow candles. -- Tallow chandlery, the trade of a tallow chandler; also, the place where his business is carried on. -- Tallow tree (Bot.), a tree (Stillingia sebifera) growing in China, the seeds of which are covered with a substance which resembles tallow and is applied to the same purposes. Tallow Tal"low, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tallowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tallowing.] 1. To grease or smear with tallow. 2. To cause to have a large quantity of tallow; to fatten; as, tallow sheep. Tallower Tal"low*er (?), n. An animal which produces tallow. Tallow-face Tal"low-face` (?), n. One who has a sickly, pale complexion. Shak. Tallow-faced Tal"low-faced` (?), a. Having a sickly complexion; pale. Burton. Tallowing Tal"low*ing, n. The act, or art, of causing animals to produce tallow; also, the property in animals of producing tallow. Tallowish Tal"low*ish, a. Having the qualities of tallow. Tallowy Tal"low*y (?), a. Of the nature of tallow; resembling tallow; greasy. Tallwood Tall"wood` (?), n. [Cf. Tally.] Firewood cut into billets of a certain length. [Obs.] [Eng.] Tally Tal"ly (?), n.; pl. Tallies (#). [OE. taile, taille, F. taille a cutting, cut tally, fr. tailler to cut, but influenced probably by taill\'82, p.p. of tailler. See Tailor, and cf. Tail a limitation, Taille, Tallage.] 1. Originally, a piece of wood on which notches or scores were cut, as the marks of number; later, one of two books, sheets of paper, etc., on which corresponding accounts were kept. NOTE: &hand; In pu rshasing and selling, it was once customary for traders to have two sticks, or one stick cleft into two parts, and to mark with a score or notch, on each, the number or quantity of goods delivered, -- the seller keeping one stick, and the purchaser the other. Before the use of writing, this, or something like it, was the only method of keeping accounts; and tallies were received as evidence in courts of justice. In the English exchequer were tallies of loans, one part being kept in the exchequer, the other being given to the creditor in lieu of an obligation for money lent to government. 2. Hence, any account or score kept by notches or marks, whether on wood or paper, or in a book; especially, one kept in duplicate. 3. One thing made to suit another; a match; a mate. They were framed the tallies for each other. Dryden. 4. A notch, mark, or score made on or in a tally; as, to make or earn a tally in a game. 5. A tally shop. See Tally shop, below. Tally shop, a shop at which goods or articles are sold to customers on account, the account being kept in corresponding books, one called the tally, kept by the buyer, the other the counter tally, kept by the seller, and the payments being made weekly or otherwise by agreement. The trade thus regulated is called tally trade. Eng. Encyc. -- To strike tallies, to act in correspondence, or alike. [Obs.] Fuller. Tally Tal"ly, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tallied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tallying.] [Cf. F. tialler to cut. See Tally, n.] 1. To score with correspondent notches; hence, to make to correspond; to cause to fit or suit. They are not so well tallied to the present juncture. Pope. 2. (Naut.) To check off, as parcels of freight going inboard or outboard. W. C. Russell. Tally on (Naut.), to dovetail together. Tally Tal"ly (?), v. i. 1. To be fitted; to suit; to correspond; to match. I found pieces of tiles that exactly tallied with the channel. Addison. Your idea . . . tallies exactly with mine. Walpole. 2. To make a tally; to score; as, to tally in a game. Tally on (Naut.), to man a rope for hauling, the men standing in a line or tail. Tally Tal"ly (?), adv. [See Tall, a.] Stoutly; with spirit. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Tallyho Tal"ly*ho` (?), interj. & n. 1. The huntsman's cry to incite or urge on his hounds. 2. A tallyho coach. Tallyho coach, a pleasure coach. See under Coach. Tallyman Tal"ly*man (?), n.; pl. Tallymen (. 1. One who keeps the tally, or marks the sticks. 2. One who keeps a tally shop, or conducts his business as tally trade. Talma Tal"ma (?), n.; pl. Talmas (#). [Prob. so called from Talma, a French actor.] (a) A kind of large cape, or short, full cloak, forming part of the dress of ladies. (b) A similar garment worn formerly by gentlemen. Talmud Tal"mud (?), n. [Chald. talm&umac;d instruction, doctrine, fr. lamad to learn, limmad to teach.] The body of the Jewish civil and canonical law not comprised in the Pentateuch. NOTE: &hand; The Talmud consists of two parts, the Mishna, or text, and the Gemara, or commentary. Sometimes, however, the name Talmud is restricted, especially by Jewish writers, to the Gemara. There are two Talmuds, the Palestinian, commonly, but incorrectly, called the Talmud of Jerusalem, and the Babylonian Talmud. They contain the same Mishna, but different Gemaras. The Babylonian Talmud is about three times as large as the other, and is more highly esteemed by the Jews. Talmudic, Talmudical Tal*mud"ic (?), Tal*mud"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. talmudique.] Of or pertaining to the Talmud; contained in the Talmud; as, Talmudic Greek; Talmudical phrases. Lightfoot. Talmudist Tal"mud*ist (?), n. [Cf. F. talmudiste.] One versed in the Talmud; one who adheres to the teachings of the Talmud. Talmudistic Tal`mud*is"tic (?), a. Resembling the Talmud; Talmudic. Talon Tal"on (?), n. [F., heel, spur, LL. talo, fr. L. talus the ankle, heel.] 1. The claw of a predaceous bird or animal, especially the claw of a bird of prey. Bacon. 2. (Zo\'94l.) One of certain small prominences on the hind part of the face of an elephant's tooth. 3. (Arch.) A kind of molding, concave at the bottom and convex at the top; -- usually called an ogee. NOTE: &hand; Wh en th e concave part is at the top, it is called an inverted talon. 4. The shoulder of the bolt of a lock on which the key acts to shoot the bolt. Knight. Talook, Taluk Ta*look", Ta*luk" (?), n. [Ar. ta'lluq.] A large estate; esp., one constituting a revenue district or dependency the native proprietor of which is responsible for the collection and payment of the public revenue due from it. [India] Talookdar, Talukdar Ta*look"dar, Ta*luk"dar (?), n. [Hind., fr. Per. ta'lluqd\'ber.] A proprietor of a talook. [India] Talpa Tal"pa (?), n. [L., mole.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small insectivores including the common European mole. Talus Ta"lus (?), n.; pl. Tali (#). [L., the ankle, the ankle bone.] 1. (Anat.) The astragalus. 2. (Surg.) A variety of clubfoot (Talipes calcaneus). See the Note under Talipes. Talus Ta"lus, n. [F.] 1. (Fort.) A slope; the inclination of the face of a work. 2. (Geol.) A sloping heap of fragments of rock lying at the foot of a precipice. Tamability Tam`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tamable; tamableness. Tamable Tam"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being tamed, subdued, or reclaimed from wildness or savage ferociousness. -- Tam"a*ble*ness, n. Tamandu Ta*man"du (?), n. [Sp., from the native name: cf. F. tamandua.] (Zo\'94l.) A small ant-eater (Tamandua tetradactyla) native of the tropical parts of South America. NOTE: &hand; It has five toes on the fore feet, an elongated snout, small ears, and short woolly hair. Its tail is stout and hairy at the base, tapering, and covered with minute scales, and is somewhat prehensile at the end. Called also tamandua, little ant-bear, fourmilier, and cagouare. The collared, or striped, tamandu (Tamandua bivittata) is considered a distinct species by some writers, but by others is regarded as only a variety. Tamanoir Ta`ma*noir" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ant-bear. Tamarack Tam"a*rack (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The American larch; also, the larch of Oregon and British Columbia (Larix occidentalis). See Hackmatack, and Larch. (b) The black pine (Pinus Murrayana) of Alaska, California, etc. It is a small tree with fine-grained wood. Tamaric Tam"a*ric (?), n. [L. tamarice. See Tamarisk.] A shrub or tree supposed to be the tamarisk, or perhaps some kind of heath. [Obs.] He shall be like tamaric in the desert, and he shall not see when good shall come. Jer. xvii. 6 (Douay version). Tamarin Tam"a*rin (?), n. [From the native name in Cayenne.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small squirrel-like South American monkeys of the genus Midas, especially M. ursulus. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1472 Tamarind Tam"a*rind (?), n. [It. tamarindo, or Sp. tamarindo, or Pg. tamarindo, tamarinho, from Ar. tamarhind\'c6, literally, Indian date; tamar a dried date + Hind India: cf. F. tamarin. Cf. Hindoo.] (Bot.) 1. A leguminous tree (Tamarindus Indica) cultivated both the Indies, and the other tropical countries, for the sake of its shade, and for its fruit. The trunk of the tree is lofty and large, with wide-spreading branches; the flowers are in racemes at the ends of the branches. The leaves are small and finely pinnated. 2. One of the preserved seed pods of the tamarind, which contain an acid pulp, and are used medicinally and for preparing a pleasant drink. Tamarind fish, a preparation of a variety of East Indian fish with the acid pulp of the tamarind fruit. -- Velvet tamarind. (a) A West African leguminous tree (Codarium acutifolium). (b) One of the small black velvety pods, which are used for food in Sierra Leone. -- Wild tamarind (Bot.), a name given to certain trees somewhat resembling the tamarind, as the Lysiloma latisiliqua of Southern Florida, and the Pithecolobium filicifolium of the West Indies. Tamarisk Tam"a*risk (?), n. [L. tamariscus, also tamarix, tamarice, Skr. tam\'bela, tam\'belaka, a tree with a very dark bark; cf. tamas darkness: cf. F. tamarisc, tamarix, tamaris.] (Bot.) Any shrub or tree of the genus Tamarix, the species of which are European and Asiatic. They have minute scalelike leaves, and small flowers in spikes. An Arabian species (T. mannifera) is the source of one kind of manna. Tamarisk salt tree, an East Indian tree (Tamarix orientalis) which produces an incrustation of salt. Tambac Tam"bac (?), n. (Metal.) See Tombac. [Obs.] Tambour Tam"bour (?), n. 1. (Mus.) A kind of small flat drum; a tambourine. 2. A small frame, commonly circular, and somewhat resembling a tambourine, used for stretching, and firmly holding, a portion of cloth that is to be embroidered; also, the embroidery done upon such a frame; -- called also, in the latter sense, tambour work. 3. (Arch.) Same as Drum, n., 2(d). 4. (Fort.) A work usually in the form of a redan, to inclose a space before a door or staircase, or at the gorge of a larger work. It is arranged like a stockade. 5. (Physiol.) A shallow metallic cup or drum, with a thin elastic membrane supporting a writing lever. Two or more of these are connected by an India rubber tube, and used to transmit and register the movements of the pulse or of any pulsating artery. Tambour Tam"bour, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tamboured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tambouring.] To embroider on a tambour. Tambourin Tam`bou`rin" (?), n. [F. See Tambourine.] 1. A tambourine. [Obs.] 2. (Mus.) An old Proven\'87al dance of a lively character, common on the stage. Tambourine Tam`bour*ine" (?), n. [F. tambourin; cf. It. tamburino. See Tambour, and cf. Tamborine.] A small drum, especially a shallow drum with only one skin, played on with the hand, and having bells at the sides; a timbrel. Tambreet Tam"breet (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The duck mole. Tamburin Tam`bu*rin" (?), n. See Tambourine. Spenser. Tame Tame (?), v. t. [Cf. F. entamer to cut into, to broach.] To broach or enter upon; to taste, as a liquor; to divide; to distribute; to deal out. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] In the time of famine he is the Joseph of the country, and keeps the poor from starving. Then he tameth his stacks of corn, which not his covetousness, but providence, hath reserved for time of need. Fuller. Tame Tame, a. [Compar. Tamer (?); superl. Tamest.] [AS. tam; akin to D. tam, G. zahm, OHG. zam, Dan. & Sw. tam, Icel. tamr, L. domare to tame, Gr. dam to be tame, to tame, and perhaps to E. beteem. \'fb61. Cf. Adamant, Diamond, Dame, Daunt, Indomitable.] 1. Reduced from a state of native wildness and shyness; accustomed to man; domesticated; domestic; as, a tame deer, a tame bird. 2. Crushed; subdued; depressed; spiritless. Tame slaves of the laborious plow. Roscommon. 3. Deficient in spirit or animation; spiritless; dull; flat; insipid; as, a tame poem; tame scenery. Syn. -- Gentle; mild; meek. See Gentle. Tame Tame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taming.] [AS. tamian, temian, akin to D. tammen, temmen, G. z\'84hmen, OHG. zemmen, Icel. temja, Goth. gatamjan. See Tame, a.] 1. To reduce from a wild to a domestic state; to make gentle and familiar; to reclaim; to domesticate; as, to tame a wild beast. They had not been tamed into submission, but baited into savegeness and stubbornness. Macaulay. 2. To subdue; to conquer; to repress; as, to tame the pride or passions of youth. Tameable Tame"a*ble (?), a. Tamable. Bp. Wilkins. Tameless Tame"less, a. Incapable of being tamed; wild; untamed; untamable. Bp. Hall. -- Tame"less*ness, n. Tamely Tame"ly, adv. In a tame manner. Tameness Tame"ness, n. The quality or state of being tame. Tamer Tam"er (?), n. One who tames or subdues. Tamias Ta"mi*as (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of ground squirrels, including the chipmunk. Tamil Ta"mil (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Tamils, or to their language. [Written also Tamul.] Tamil Ta"mil, n. [Written also Tamul.] 1. (Ethnol.) One of a Dravidian race of men native of Northern Ceylon and Southern India. 2. The Tamil language, the most important of the Dravidian languages. See Dravidian, a. Tamilian Ta*mil"i*an (?), a. & n. Tamil. Tamine, Taminy Tam"ine (?), Tam"i*ny (?), n. [Cf. F. tamis a sort of sieve. Cf. Stamin, Temse.] A kind of woolen cloth; tammy. Tamis Tam"is (?), n. [F., a kind of sieve.] 1. A sieve, or strainer, made of a kind of woolen cloth. 2. The cloth itself; tammy. Tamis bird (Zo\'94l.), a Guinea fowl. Tamkin Tam"kin (?), n. A tampion. Johnson (Dict.). Tammy Tam"my (?), n.; pl. Tammies (. 1. A kind of woolen, or woolen and cotton, cloth, often highly glazed, -- used for curtains, sieves, strainers, etc. 2. A sieve, or strainer, made of this material; a tamis. Tamp Tamp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tamped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tamping.] [Cf. F. tamponner to plug or stop. See Tampion.] 1. In blasting, to plug up with clay, earth, dry sand, sod, or other material, as a hole bored in a rock, in order to prevent the force of the explosion from being misdirected. 2. To drive in or down by frequent gentle strokes; as, to tamp earth so as to make a smooth place. Tampan Tam"pan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A venomous South African tick. Livingstone. Tampeon Tam"pe*on (?), n. See Tampion. Farrow. Tamper Tamp"er (?), n. 1. One who tamps; specifically, one who prepares for blasting, by filling the hole in which the charge is placed. 2. An instrument used in tamping; a tamping iron. Tamper Tam"per (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tampered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tampering.] [A corruption of temper.] 1. To meddle; to be busy; to try little experiments; as, to tamper with a disease. 'T is dangerous tampering with a muse. Roscommon. 2. To meddle so as to alter, injure, or vitiate a thing. 3. To deal unfairly; to practice secretly; to use bribery. Others tampered For Fleetwood, Desborough, and Lambert. Hudibras. Tamperer Tam"per*er (?), n. One who tampers; one who deals unfairly. Tampico fiber OR fibre Tam*pi"co fi"ber OR fi"bre (?). A tough vegetable fiber used as a substitute for bristles in making brushes. The piassava and the ixtle are both used under this name. Tamping Tamp"ing (?), n. 1. The act of one who tamps; specifically, the act of filling up a hole in a rock, or the branch of a mine, for the purpose of blasting the rock or exploding the mine. 2. The material used in tamping. See Tamp, v. t., 1. Tamping iron, an iron rod for beating down the earthy substance in tamping for blasting. Tampion Tam"pi*on (?), n. [F. tampon, tapon, tape, of Dutch or German origin. See Tap a pipe or plug, and cf. Tamp, Tampop, Tompion.] [Written also tampeon, and tompion.] 1. A wooden stopper, or plug, as for a cannon or other piece of ordnance, when not in use. 2. (Mus.) A plug for upper end of an organ pipe. Tampoe Tam"poe (?), n. (Bot.) The edible fruit of an East Indian tree (Baccaurea Malayana) of the Spurge family. It somewhat resembles an apple. Tampon Tam"pon (?), n. [F. See Tampion.] (Surg.) A plug introduced into a natural or artificial cavity of the body in order to arrest hemorrhage, or for the application of medicine. Tampon Tam"pon, v. t. (Surg.) To plug with a tampon. Tampoon Tam"poon (?), n. [See Tampion.] The stopper of a barrel; a bung. Tam-tam Tam"-tam` (?), n. [Hind.; of imitative origin.] (Mus.) (a) A kind of drum used in the East Indies and other Oriental countries; -- called also tom-tom. (b) A gong. See Gong, n., 1. Tamul Ta"mul (?), a. & n. Tamil. Tan Tan (?), n. [Chin.] See Picul. Tan Tan, n. [F. tan, perhaps fr. Armor. tann an oak, oak bar; or of Teutonic origin; cf. G. tanne a fir, OHG. tanna a fir, oak, MHG. tan a forest. Cf. Tawny.] 1. The bark of the oak, and some other trees, bruised and broken by a mill, for tanning hides; -- so called both before and after it has been used. Called also tan bark. 2. A yellowish-brown color, like that of tan. 3. A brown color imparted to the skin by exposure to the sun; as, hands covered with tan. Tan bed (Hort.), a bed made of tan; a bark bed. -- Tan pickle, the liquor used in tanning leather. -- Tan spud, a spud used in stripping bark for tan from trees. -- Tan stove. See Bark stove, under Bark. -- Tan vat, a vat in which hides are steeped in liquor with tan. Tan Tan, a. Of the color of tan; yellowish-brown. Black and tan. See under Black, a. Tan Tan, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tanning.] [F. tanner, LL. tannare. See Tan, n.] 1. To convert (the skin of an animal) into leather, as by usual process of steeping it in an infusion of oak or some other bark, whereby it is impregnated with tannin, or tannic acid (which exists in several species of bark), and is thus rendered firm, durable, and in some degree impervious to water. NOTE: &hand; Th e es sential re sult in tanning is due to the fact that the tannins form, with gelatins and albuminoids, a series of insoluble compounds which constitute leather. Similar results may be produced by the use of other reagents in place of tannin, as alum, and some acids or chlorides, which are employed in certain processes of tanning. 2. To make brown; to imbrown, as by exposure to the rays of the sun; as, to tan the skin. Tan Tan (?), v. i. To get or become tanned. Tana Ta"na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Banxring. Tanager Tan"a*ger (?), n. [NL. tanagra, probably fr. Brazilian tangara.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of bright-colored singing birds belonging to Tanagra, Piranga, and allied genera. The scarlet tanager (Piranga erythromelas) and the summer redbird (Piranga rubra) are common species of the United States. Tanagrine Tan"a*grine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the tanagers. Tanagroid Tan"a*groid (?), a. [Tanager + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Tanagrine. Tanate Ta*na"te (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An Asiatic wild dog (Canis procyonoides), native of Japan and adjacent countries. It has a short, bushy tail. Called also raccoon dog. Tandem Tan"dem (?), adv. & a. [L. tandem at length (of time only), punningly taken as meaning, lengthwise.] One after another; -- said especially of horses harnessed and driven one before another, instead of abreast. Tandem Tan"dem, n. A team of horses harnessed one before the other. "He drove tandems." Thackeray. Tandem engine, a compound steam engine having two or more steam cylinders in the same axis, close to one another. -- Tandem bicycle OR tricycle, one for two persons in which one rider sits before the other. Tang Tang (?), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. tang seaweed, Sw. t\'86ng, Icel. þang. Cf. Tangle.] (Bot.) A coarse blackish seaweed (Fuscus nodosus). Dr. Prior. Tang sparrow (Zo\'94l.), the rock pipit. [Prov. Eng.] Tang Tang, n. [Probably fr. OD. tanger sharp, tart, literally, pinching; akin to E. tongs. \'fb59. See Tong.] 1. A strong or offensive taste; especially, a taste of something extraneous to the thing itself; as, wine or cider has a tang of the cask. 2. Fig.: A sharp, specific flavor or tinge. Cf. Tang a twang. Such proceedings had a strong tang of tyranny. Fuller. A cant of philosophism, and a tang of party politics. Jeffrey. 3. [Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. tangi a projecting point; akin to E. tongs. See Tongs.] A projecting part of an object by means of which it is secured to a handle, or to some other part; anything resembling a tongue in form or position. Specifically: -- (a) The part of a knife, fork, file, or other small instrument, which is inserted into the handle. (b) The projecting part of the breech of a musket barrel, by which the barrel is secured to the stock. (c) The part of a sword blade to which the handle is fastened. (d) The tongue of a buckle. [Prov. Eng.] Tang Tang, n. [Of imitative origin. Cf. Twang. This word has become confused with tang tatse, flavor.] A sharp, twanging sound; an unpleasant tone; a twang. Tang Tang, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tanged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tanging.] To cause to ring or sound loudly; to ring. Let thy tongue tang arguments of state. Shak. To tang bees, to cause a swarm of bees to settle, by beating metal to make a din. Tang Tang, v. i. To make a ringing sound; to ring. Let thy tongue tang arguments of state. Shak. Tangalung Tan"ga*lung (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian civet (Viverra tangalunga). Tangence Tan"gence (?), n. Tangency. [R.] Tangency Tan"gen*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being tangent; a contact or touching. Tangent Tan"gent (?), n. [L. tangens, -entis, p.pr. of tangere to touch; akin to Gr. tangente. Cf. Attain, Contaminate, Contingent, Entire, Tact, Taste, Tax, v. t.] (Geom.) A tangent line curve, or surface; specifically, that portion of the straight line tangent to a curve that is between the point of tangency and a given line, the given line being, for example, the axis of abscissas, or a radius of a circle produced. See Trigonometrical function, under Function. Artificial, OR Logarithmic, tangent, the logarithm of the natural tangent of an arc. -- Natural tangent, a decimal expressing the length of the tangent of an arc, the radius being reckoned unity. -- Tangent galvanometer (Elec.), a form of galvanometer having a circular coil and a short needle, in which the tangent of the angle of deflection of the needle is proportional to the strength of the current. -- Tangent of an angle, the natural tangent of the arc subtending or measuring the angle. -- Tangent of an arc, a right line, as ta, touching the arc of a circle at one extremity a, and terminated by a line ct, passing from the center through the other extremity o. <-- references are to a figure showing the tangent of an arc --> Tangent Tan"gent, a. [L. tangens, -entis, p.pr.] Touching; touching at a single point; specifically (Geom.) meeting a curve or surface at a point and having at that point the same direction as the curve or surface; -- said of a straight line, curve, or surface; as, a line tangent to a curve; a curve tangent to a surface; tangent surfaces. Tangent plane (Geom.), a plane which touches a surface in a point or line. -- Tangent scale (Gun.), a kind of breech sight for a cannon. -- Tangent screw (Mach.), an endless screw; a worm. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1473 Tangental Tan*gen"tal (?), a. (Geom.) Tangential. Tangential Tan*gen"tial (?), a. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to a tangent; in the direction of a tangent. Tangential force (Mech.), a force which acts on a moving body in the direction of a tangent to the path of the body, its effect being to increase or diminish the velocity; -- distinguished from a normal force, which acts at right angles to the tangent and changes the direction of the motion without changing the velocity. -- Tangential stress. (Engin.) See Shear, n., 3. Tangentially Tan*gen"tial*ly, adv. In the direction of a tangent. Tangerine Tan"ger*ine` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) A kind of orange, much like the mandarin, but of deeper color and higher flavor. It is said to have been produced in America from the mandarin. [Written also tangierine.] Tangfish Tang"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The common harbor seal. [Prov. Eng.] Tanghinia Tan*ghin"i*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) The ordeal tree. See under Ordeal. Tangibility Tan`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. tanggibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being tangible. Tangible Tan"gi*ble (?), a. [L. tangibilis, fr. tangere to touch: cf. F. tangible. See Tangent.] 1. Perceptible to the touch; tactile; palpable. Bacon. 2. Capable of being possessed or realized; readily apprehensible by the mind; real; substantial; evident. "A tangible blunder." Byron. Direct and tangible benefit to ourselves and others. Southey. -- Tan"gi*ble*ness, n. -- Tan"gi*bly, adv. Tangle Tan"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tangling (?).] [A frequentative fr. tang seaweed; hence, to twist like seaweed. See Tang seaweed, and cf. Tangle, n.] 1. To unite or knit together confusedly; to interweave or interlock, as threads, so as to make it difficult to unravel the knot; to entangle; to ravel. 2. To involve; to insnare; to entrap; as, to be tangled in lies. "Tangled in amorous nets." Milton. When my simple weakness strays, Tangled in forbidden ways. Crashaw. Tangle Tan"gle, v. i. To be entangled or united confusedly; to get in a tangle. Tangle Tan"gle, n. 1. [Cf. Icel. þ\'94ngull. See Tang seaweed.] (Bot.) Any large blackish seaweed, especially the Laminaria saccharina. See Kelp. Coral and sea fan and tangle, the blooms and the palms of the ocean. C. Kingsley. 2. [From Tangle, v.] A knot of threads, or other thing, united confusedly, or so interwoven as not to be easily disengaged; a snarl; as, hair or yarn in tangles; a tangle of vines and briers. Used also figuratively. 3. pl. An instrument consisting essentiallly of an iron bar to which are attached swabs, or bundles of frayed rope, or other similar substances, -- used to capture starfishes, sea urchins, and other similar creatures living at the bottom of the sea. Blue tangle. (Bot.)See Dangleberry. -- Tangle picker (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. [Prov. Eng.] Tanglefish Tan"gle*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sea adder, or great pipefish of Europe. Tanglingly Tan"gling*ly (?), adv. In a tangling manner. Tangly Tan"gly (?), a. 1. Entangled; intricate. 2. Covered with tangle, or seaweed. Prone, helpless, on the tangly beach he lay. Falconer. Tangram Tan"gram (?), n. [Cf. Trangram.] A Chinese toy made by cutting a square of thin wood, or other suitable material, into seven pieces, as shown in the cut, these pieces being capable of combination in various ways, so as to form a great number of different figures. It is now often used in primary schools as a means of instruction. Tangue Tangue (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The tenrec. Tangun Tan"gun (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A piebald variety of the horse, native of Thibet. Tangwhaup Tang"whaup (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The whimbrel. [Prov. Eng.] Tanier Tan"i*er (?), n. (Bot.) An aroid plant (Caladium sagitt\'91folium), the leaves of which are boiled and eaten in the West Indies. [Written also tannier.] Tanist Tan"ist (?), n. [Ir. tanaiste, tanaise, second, the second person in rank, the presumptive or apparent heir to a prince.] In Ireland, a lord or proprietor of a tract of land or of a castle, elected by a family, under the system of tanistry. This family [the O'Hanlons] were tanists of a large territory within the present county of Armagh. M. A. Lower. Tanistry Tan"ist*ry (?), n. [See Tanist.] In Ireland, a tenure of family lands by which the proprietor had only a life estate, to which he was admitted by election. NOTE: &hand; Th e pr imitive in tention seems to have been that the inheritance should descend to the oldest or most worthy of the blood and name of the deceased. This was, in reality, giving it to the strongest; and the practice often occasioned bloody feuds in families, for which reason it was abolished under James I. Tanite Ta"nite (?), n. A firm composition of emery and a certain kind of cement, used for making grinding wheels, slabs, etc. Tank Tank (?), n. A small Indian dry measure, averaging 240 grains in weight; also, a Bombay weight of 72 grains, for pearls. Simmonds. Tank Tank, n. [Pg. tanque, L. stangum a pool; or perhaps of East Indian origin. Cf. Stank, n.] A large basin or cistern; an artificial receptacle for liquids. Tank engine, a locomotive which carries the water and fuel it requires, thus dispensing with a tender. -- Tank iron, plate iron thinner than boiler plate, and thicker than sheet iron or stovepipe iron. -- Tank worm (Zo\'94l.), a small nematoid worm found in the water tanks of India, supposed by some to be the young of the Guinea worm. Tanka Tan"ka (?), n. (Naut.) A kind of boat used in Canton. It is about 25 feet long and is often rowed by women. Called also tankia. S. W. Williams. Tankard Tank"ard (?), n. [OF. tanquart; cf. OD. tanckaert; of uncertain origin.] A large drinking vessel, especially one with a cover. Marius was the first who drank out of a silver tankard, after the manner of Bacchus. Arbuthnot. Tankia Tan"ki*a (?), n. (Naut.) See Tanka. Tankling Tank"ling (?), n. A tinkling. [Obs.] Tanling Tan"ling (?), n. One tanned by the sun. [R.] Hot summer's tanlings and The shrinking slaves of winter. Shak. Tannable Tan"na*ble (?), a. That may be tanned. Tannage Tan"nage (?), n. A tanning; the act, operation, or result of tanning. [R.] They should have got his cheek fresh tannage. R. Browning. Tannate Tan"nate (?), n. [Cf. F. tannate.] (Chem.) A salt of tannic acid. Tanner Tan"ner (?), n. One whose occupation is to tan hides, or convert them into leather by the use of tan. Tannery Tan"ner*y (?), n.; pl. Tanneries (#). [Cf. F. tannerie.] 1. A place where the work of tanning is carried on. 2. The art or process of tanning. [R.] Carlyle. Tannic Tan"nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to tan; derived from, or resembling, tan; as, tannic acid. Tannic acid. (Chem.) (a) An acid obtained from nutgalls as a yellow amorphous substance, C14H10O9, having an astringent taste, and forming with ferric salts a bluish-black compound, which is the basis of common ink. Called also tannin, and gallotannic acid. (b) By extension, any one of a series of astringent substances resembling tannin proper, widely diffused through the vegetable kingdom, as in oak bark, willow, catechu, tea, coffee, etc. Tannier Tan"ni*er (?), n. (Bot.) See Tanier. Tannin Tan"nin (?), n. [Cf. F. tannin.] (Chem.) Same as Tannic acid, under Tannic. Tanning Tan"ning, n. The art or process of converting skins into leather. See Tan, v. t., 1. Tanrec Tan"rec (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tenrec. Tansy Tan"sy (?), n. [OE. tansaye, F. tanaise; cf. It. & Sp. tanaceto, NL. tanacetum, Pg. atanasia, athanasia, Gr. 'aqanasi`a immortality, fr. 'aqa`natos immortal; 'a priv. + qa`natos death.] 1. (Bot.) Any plant of the composite genus Tanacetum. The common tansy (T. vulgare) has finely divided leaves, a strong aromatic odor, and a very bitter taste. It is used for medicinal and culinary purposes. 2. A dish common in the seventeenth century, made of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs, baked with butter in a shallow dish. [Obs.] Pepys. Double tansy (Bot.), a variety of the common tansy with the leaves more dissected than usual. -- Tansy mustard (Bot.), a plant (Sisymbrium canescens) of the Mustard family, with tansylike leaves. Tant Tant (?), n. [Cf. Taint tincture.] (Zo\'94l.) A small scarlet arachnid. Tantalate Tan"ta*late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tantalic acid. Tantalic Tan*tal"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tantalum; derived from, or containing, tantalum; specifically, designating any one of a series of acids analogous to nitric acid and the polyacid compounds of phosphorus. Tantalism Tan"ta*lism (?), n. [See Tantalize.] A punishment like that of Tantalus; a teasing or tormenting by the hope or near approach of good which is not attainable; tantalization. Addison. Is not such a provision like tantalism to this people? Josiah Quincy. Tantalite Tan"ta*lite (?), n. [Cf. F. tantalite.] (Min.) A heavy mineral of an iron-black color and submetallic luster. It is essentially a tantalate of iron. Tantalization Tan`ta*li*za"tion (?), n. The act of tantalizing, or state of being tantalized. Gayton. Tantalize Tan"ta*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tantalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tantalizing (?).] [From Tantalus: cf. F. tantaliser.] To tease or torment by presenting some good to the view and exciting desire, but continually frustrating the expectations by keeping that good out of reach; to tease; to torment. Thy vain desires, at strife Within themselves, have tantalized thy life. Dryden. Syn. -- To tease; vex; irritate; provoke. -- Tantalize, Disappoint. To disappoint is literally to do away with what was (or was taken to be) appointed; hence the peculiar pain from hopes thus dashed to the ground. To tantalize, a much stronger term, describes a most distressing form of disappointment, as in the case of Tantalus, the Phrygian king. To tantalize is to visit with the bitterest disappointment -- to torment by exciting hopes or expectations which can never be realized. Tantalizer Tan"ta*li`zer (?), n. One who tantalizes. Tantalizingly Tan"ta*li`zing*ly (?), adv. In a tantalizing or teasing manner. Tantalum Tan"ta*lum (?), n. [NL. So named on account of the perplexity and difficulty encounterd by its discoverer (Ekeberg) in isolating it. See Tantalus.] (Chem.) A rare nonmetallic element found in certain minerals, as tantalite, samarskite, and fergusonite, and isolated as a dark powder which becomes steel-gray by burnishing. Symbol Ta. Atomic weight 182.0. Formerly called also tantalium. Tantalus Tan"ta*lus (?), n. [L., from Gr. Ta`ntalos.] (Gr. Myth.) 1. A Phrygian king who was punished in the lower world by being placed in the midst of a lake whose waters reached to his chin but receded whenever he attempted to allay his thirst, while over his head hung branches laden with choice fruit which likewise receded whenever he stretched out his hand to grasp them. 2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of wading birds comprising the wood ibises. Tantalus's cup (Physics), a philosophical toy, consisting of a cup, within which is the figure of a man, and within the figure a siphon, the longer arm of which passes down through the bottom of the cup, and allows the escape of any liquid that may be poured in, when it reaches as high as the bend of the siphon, which is just below the level of the mouth of the figure in the cup. Tantamount Tan"ta*mount` (?), a. [F. tant so much (L. tantus) + E. amount.] Equivalent in value, signification, or effect. A usage nearly tantamount to constitutional right. Hallam. The certainty that delay, under these circumstances, was tantamount to ruin. De Quincey. Tantamount Tan"ta*mount`, v. i. To be tantamount or equivalent; to amount. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. Tantivy Tan*tiv"y (?), adv. [Said to be from the note of a hunting horn.] Swiftly; speedily; rapidly; -- a fox-hunting term; as, to ride tantivy. Tantivy Tan*tiv"y, n. A rapid, violent gallop; an impetulous rush. Cleverland. Tantivy Tan*tiv"y, v. i. To go away in haste. [Colloq.] Tantrum Tan"trum (?), n. A whim, or burst of ill-humor; an affected air. [Colloq.] Thackeray. Tanyard Tan"yard` (?), n. An inclosure where the tanning of leather is carried on; a tannery. Tanystomata Tan`y*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of dipterous insects in which the proboscis is large and contains lancelike mandibles and maxill\'91. The horseflies and robber flies are examples. Taoism Ta"o*ism (?), n. One of the popular religions of China, sanctioned by the state. -- Ta"o*ist, a. & n. Tap Tap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapping.] [F. taper to strike; of Teutonic origin; cf. dial. G. tapp, tapps, a blow, tappe a paw, fist, G. tappen to grope.] 1. To strike with a slight or gentle blow; to touch gently; to rap lightly; to pat; as, to tap one with the hand or a cane. 2. To put a new sole or heel on; as, to tap shoes. Tap Tap, n. [Cf. F. tape. See Tap to strike.] 1. A gentle or slight blow; a light rap; a pat. Addison. 2. A piece of leather fastened upon the bottom of a boot or shoe in repairing or renewing the sole or heel. <-- a piece of metal so fastened, used to reduce wear on the shoe, or for the purpose of tap dancing. --> 3. pl. (Mil.) A signal, by drum or trumpet, for extinguishing all lights in soldiers' quarters and retiring to bed, -- usually given about a quarter of an hour after tattoo. Wilhelm. Tap Tap, v. i. To strike a gentle blow. Tap Tap, n. [AS. t\'91ppa, akin to D. tap, G. zapfen, OHG. zapfo, Dan. tap, Sw. tapp, Icel. tappi. Cf. Tampion, Tip.] 1. A hole or pipe through which liquor is drawn. 2. A plug or spile for stopping a hole pierced in a cask, or the like; a faucet. 3. Liquor drawn through a tap; hence, a certain kind or quality of liquor; as, a liquor of the same tap. [Colloq.] 4. A place where liquor is drawn for drinking; a taproom; a bar. [Colloq.] 5. (Mech.) A tool for forming an internal screw, as in a nut, consisting of a hardened steel male screw grooved longitudinally so as to have cutting edges. On tap. (a) Ready to be drawn; as, ale on tap. (b) Broached, or furnished with a tap; as, a barrel on tap. -- Plug tap (Mech.), a screw-cutting tap with a slightly tapering end. -- Tap bolt, a bolt with a head on one end and a thread on the other end, to be screwed into some fixed part, instead of passing through the part and receiving a nut. See Illust. under Bolt. -- Tap cinder (Metal.), the slag of a puddling furnace. Tap Tap, v. t. 1. To pierce so as to let out, or draw off, a fluid; as, to tap a cask, a tree, a tumor, etc. 2. Hence, to draw from (anything) in any analogous way; as, to tap telegraph wires for the purpose of intercepting information; to tap the treasury. <-- to tap a telephone. --> 3. To draw, or cause to flow, by piercing. Shak. He has been tapping his liquors. Addison. 4. (Mech.) To form an internal screw in (anything) by means of a tool called a tap; as, to tap a nut. Tapa Ta"pa (?), n. A kind of cloth prepared by the Polynesians from the inner bark of the paper mulberry; -- sometimes called also kapa. Tapayaxin Ta`pa*yax"in (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A Mexican spinous lizard (Phrynosoma orbiculare) having a head somewhat like that of a toad; -- called also horned toad. Tape Tape (?), n. [AS. t\'91ppe a fillet. Cf. Tapestry, Tippet.] 1. A narrow fillet or band of cotton or linen; a narrow woven fabric used for strings and the like; as, curtains tied with tape. 2. A tapeline; also, a metallic ribbon so marked as to serve as a tapeline; as, a steel tape. Red tape. See under Red. -- Tape grass (Bot.), a plant (Vallisneria spiralis) with long ribbonlike leaves, growing in fresh or brackish water; -- called also fresh-water eelgrass, and, in Maryland, wild celery. -- Tape needle. See Bodkin, n., 4. Tapeline Tape"line` (?), n. A painted tape, marked with linear dimensions, as inches, feet, etc., and often inclosed in a case, -- used for measuring. Taper Ta"per (?), n. [AS. tapur, tapor, taper; cf. Ir. tapar, W. tampr.] 1. A small wax candle; a small lighted wax candle; hence, a small light. Get me a taper in my study, Lucius. Shak. 2. A tapering form; gradual diminution of thickness in an elongated object; as, the taper of a spire. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1474 Taper Ta"per (?), a. [Supposed to be from taper, n., in allusion to its form.] Regularly narrowed toward the point; becoming small toward one end; conical; pyramidical; as, taper fingers. Taper Ta"per, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tapered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapering.] To become gradually smaller toward one end; as, a sugar loaf tapers toward one end. Taper Ta"per, v. t. To make or cause to taper. Tapered Ta"pered (?), a. Lighted with a taper or tapers; as, a tapered choir. [R.] T. Warton. Tapering Ta"per*ing (?), a. Becoming gradually smaller toward one end. -- Ta"per*ing*ly, adv. Taperness Ta"per*ness, n. The quality or state of being taper; tapering form; taper. Shenstone. Tapestry Tap"es*try (?), n.; pl. Tapestries (#). [F. tapissere, fr. tapisser to carpet, to hang, or cover with tapestry, fr. tapis a carpet, carpeting, LL. tapecius, fr. L. tapete carpet, tapestry, Gr. Tapis, Tippet.] A fabric, usually of worsted, worked upon a warp of linen or other thread by hand, the designs being usually more or less pictorial and the stuff employed for wall hangings and the like. The term is also applied to different kinds of embroidery. Tapestry carpet, a kind of carpet, somewhat resembling Brussels, in which the warp is printed before weaving, so as to produce the figure in the cloth. -- Tapestry moth. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Carpet moth, under Carpet. Tapestry Tap"es*try, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tapestried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapestrying.] To adorn with tapestry, or as with tapestry. The Trosachs wound, as now, between gigantic walls of rock tapestried with broom and wild roses. Macaulay. Tapet Tap"et (?), n. [L. tapete. See Tapestry.] Worked or figured stuff; tapestry. [R.] Spenser. Tapeti Tap"e*ti (?), n.; pl. Tapetis (#). [Braz.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American hare (Lepus Braziliensis). Tapetum Ta*pe"tum (?), n. [NL., from L. tapete a carpet, a tapestry.] (Anat.) An area in the pigmented layer of the choroid coat of the eye in many animals, which has an iridescent or metallic luster and helps to make the eye visible in the dark. Sometimes applied to the whole layer of pigmented epithelium of the choroid. Tapeworm Tape"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to T\'91nia and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The larv\'91 (see Cysticercus) live in the flesh of various creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See Illustration in Appendix. NOTE: &hand; Th ree sp ecies ar e common parasites of man: the pork tapeworm (T\'91nia solium), the larva of which is found in pork; the beef tapeworm (T. mediocanellata), the larva of which lives in the flesh of young cattle; and the broad tapeworm (Bothriocephalus latus) which is found chiefly in the inhabitants of the mountainous regions of Europe and Asia. See also Echinococcus, Cysticercus, Proglottis, and 2d Measles, 4. Taphouse Tap"house` (?), n. A house where liquors are retailed. Taphrenchyma Taph*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [Gr. enchyma, as in parenchyma.] (Bot.) Same as Bothrenchyma. Tapinage Tap"i*nage (?), n. [See Tapish.] A lurking or skulking. [Obs.] Gower. Tapioca Tap`i*o"ca (?), n. [Braz. tapioka: cf. Pg., Sp. & F. tapioca.] A coarsely granular substance obtained by heating, and thus partly changing, the moistened starch obtained from the roots of the cassava. It is much used in puddings and as a thickening for soups. See Cassava. Tapir Ta"pir (?), n. [Braz. tapy'ra: cf. F. tapir.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large odd-toed ungulates belonging to Tapirus, Elasmognathus, and allied genera. They have a long prehensile upper lip, short ears, short and stout legs, a short, thick tail, and short, close hair. They have three toes on the hind feet, and four toes on the fore feet, but the outermost toe is of little use. NOTE: &hand; Th e be st-known species are the Indian tapir (Tapirus Indicus), native of the East Indies and Malacca, which is black with a broad band of white around the middle, and the common American tapir (T. Americanus), which, when adult, is dull brown. Several others species inhabit the Andes and Central America. Tapir tiger (Zo\'94l.), the wallah. Tapiroid Ta"pir*oid (?), a. [Tapir + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Allied to the tapir, or the Tapir family. Tapis Ta"pis (?), n. [F. See Tapestry.] Tapestry; formerly, the cover of a council table. On, OR Upon, the tapis, on the table, or under consideration; as, to lay a motion in Parliament on the tapis. Tapis Tap"is (?), v. t. To cover or work with figures like tapestry. [R.] Holland. Tapiser Tap"is*er (?), n. [F. tapissier.] A maker of tapestry; an upholsterer. [R.] Chaucer. Tapish Tap"ish (?), v. i. [F. se tapir to squat.] To lie close to the ground, so as to be concealed; to squat; to crouch; hence, to hide one's self. [Written also tappis, tappish, tappice.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] As a hound that, having roused a hart, Although he tappish ne'er so soft. Chapman. Taplash Tap"lash` (?), n. Bad small beer; also, the refuse or dregs of liquor. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] The taplash of strong ale and wine. Taylor (1630). Taplings Tap"lings (?), n. pl. The strong double leathers by which the two parts of a flail are united. Halliwell. Tapoa tafa Ta*po"a ta"fa (?). (Zo\'94l.) A small carnivorous marsupial (Phascogale penicillata) having long, soft fur, and a very long tail with a tuft of long hairs at the end; -- called also brush-tailed phascogale. Tappen Tap"pen (?), n. An obstruction, or indigestible mass, found in the intestine of bears and other animals during hibernation. Tapper Tap"per (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor); -- called also tapperer, tabberer, little wood pie, barred woodpecker, wood tapper, hickwall, and pump borer. [Prov. Eng.] Tappester Tap"pes*ter (?), n. [See Tapster.] A female tapster. [Obs.] Chaucer. Tappet Tap"pet (?), n. (Mach.) A lever or projection moved by some other piece, as a cam, or intended to tap or touch something else, with a view to produce change or regulate motion. G. Francis. Tappet motion, a valve motion worked by tappets from a reciprocating part, without an eccentric or cam, -- used in steam pumps, etc. Tappice, Tappis Tap"pice (?), Tap"pis (?), v. i. See Tapish. Tappit hen Tap"pit hen` (?). 1. A hen having a tuft of feathers on her head. [Scot.] Jamieson. 2. A measuring pot holding one quart (according to some, three quarts); -- so called from a knob on the lid, though to resemble a crested hen. [Scot.] Jamieson. Taproom Tap"room` (?), n. A room where liquors are kept on tap; a barroom. The ambassador was put one night into a miserable taproom, full of soldiers smoking. Macaulay. Taproot Tap"root` (?), n. (Bot.) The root of a plant which penetrates the earth directly downward to a considerable depth without dividing. Tapster Tap"ster (?), n. [AS. t\'91ppestre a female tapster. See Tap a plug, pipe, and -ster.] One whose business is to tap or draw ale or other liquor. Taqua-nut Ta"qua-nut` (?), n. (Bot.) A Central American name for the ivory nut. Tar Tar (?), n. [Abbrev. from tarpaulin.] A sailor; a seaman. [Colloq.] Swift. Tar Tar, n. [OE. terre, tarre, AS. teru, teoru; akin to D. teer, G. teer, theer, Icel. tjara, Sw. tj\'84ra, Dan. ti\'91re, and to E. tree. \'fb63. See Tree.] A thick, black, viscous liquid obtained by the distillation of wood, coal, etc., and having a varied composition according to the temperature and material employed in obtaining it. Coal tar. See in the Vocabulary. -- Mineral tar (Min.), a kind of soft native bitumen. -- Tar board, a strong quality of millboard made from junk and old tarred rope. Knight. -- Tar water. (a) A cold infusion of tar in water, used as a medicine. (b) The ammoniacal water of gas works. -- Wood tar, tar obtained from wood. It is usually obtained by the distillation of the wood of the pine, spruce, or fir, and is used in varnishes, cements, and to render ropes, oakum, etc., impervious to water. Tar Tar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tarring.] To smear with tar, or as with tar; as, to tar ropes; to tar cloth. To tar and feather a person. See under Feather, v. t. Taranis Tar"a*nis (?), n. [L. taranis, from the Celtic; cf. W. & Corn. taran thunder.] (Myth.) A Celtic divinity, regarded as the evil principle, but confounded by the Romans with Jupiter. Tarantass Tar`an*tass" (?), n. [Russ. tarantas'.] A low four-wheeled carriage used in Russia. The carriage box rests on two long, springy poles which run from the fore to the hind axletree. When snow falls, the wheels are taken off, and the body is mounted on a sledge. Tarantella Tar`an*tel"la (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A rapid and delirious sort of Neapolitan dance in 6-8 time, which moves in whirling triplets; -- so called from a popular notion of its being a remedy against the poisonous bite of the tarantula. Some derive its name from Taranto in Apulia. (b) Music suited to such a dance. Tarantism Tar"ant*ism (?), n. [It. tarantismo: cf. F. tarentisme. See Tarantula.] (Med.) A nervous affection producing melancholy, stupor, and an uncontrollable desire to dance. It was supposed to be produced by the bite of the tarantula, and considered to be incapable of cure except by protraced dancing to appropriate music. [Written also tarentism.] Tarantula Ta*ran"tu*la (?), n.; pl. E. Tarantulas (#), L. Tarantul\'91 (#). [NL., fr. It. tarantola, fr. L. Tarentum, now Taranto, in the south of Italy.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large spiders, popularly supposed to be very venomous, especially the European species (Tarantula apuli\'91). The tarantulas of Texas and adjacent countries are large species of Mygale. [Written also tarentula.] Tarantula killer, a very large wasp (Pompilus formosus), which captures the Texan tarantula (Mygale Hentzii) and places it in its nest as food for its young, after paralyzing it by a sting. Tarantulated Ta*ran"tu*la`ted (?), a. Bitten by a tarantula; affected with tarantism. Tarbogan Tar*bog"an (?), n. & v. See Toboggan. Tarboosh Tar*boosh" (?), n. [Ar. tarb; perhaps from Per. sar-posh headdress: cf. F. tarbouch.] A red cap worn by Turks and other Eastern nations, sometimes alone and sometimes swathed with linen or other stuff to make a turban. See Fez. Tardation Tar*da"tion (?), n. [L. tardatio, fr. tardare, tardatum, to retard, delay, fr. tardus slow.] The act of retarding, or delaying; retardation. [Obs.] Tardigrada Tar`di*gra"da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tardigrade, a.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of edentates comprising the sloths. They are noted for the slowness of their movements when on the ground. See Sloth, 3. 2. (Zo\'94l.) An order of minute aquatic arachnids; -- called also bear animalcules, sloth animalcules, and water bears. Tardigrade Tar"di*grade (?), a. [L. tardigradus; tardus slow + gradi to step: cf. F. tardigrade.] 1. Moving or stepping slowly; slow-paced. [R.] G. Eliot. 2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Tardigrada. Tardigrade Tar"di*grade, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tardigrada. Tardigradous Tar"di*gra`dous (?), a. Moving slowly; slow-paced. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Tardily Tar"di*ly (?), adv. In a tardy manner; slowly. Tardiness Tar"di*ness, n. The quality or state of being tardy. Tarditation Tar`di*ta"tion (?), n. Tardiness. [Obs.] To instruct them to avoid all snares of tarditation, in the Lord's affairs. Herrick. Tardity Tar"di*ty (?), n. [L. tarditas.] Slowness; tardiness. [R.] Sir K. Digby. Tardo Tar"do (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Slow; -- a direction to perform a passage slowly. Tardo Tar"do, n. [Sp., slow, L. tardus.] (Zo\'94l.) A sloth. Tardy Tar"dy (?), a. [Compar. Tardier (?); superl. Tardiest.] [F. tardif, fr. (assumed) LL. tardivus, fr. L. tardus slow.] 1. Moving with a slow pace or motion; slow; not swift. And check the tardy flight of time. Sandys. Tardy to vengeance, and with mercy brave. Prior. 2. Not being inseason; late; dilatory; -- opposed to prompt; as, to be tardy in one's payments. Arbuthnot. The tardy plants in our cold orchards placed. Waller. 3. Unwary; unready. [Obs.] Hudibras. 4. Criminal; guilty. [Obs.] Collier. Syn. -- Slow; dilatory; tedious; reluctant. See Slow. Tardy Tar"dy, v. t. To make tardy. [Obs.] Shak. Tare Tare (?), obs. imp. of Tear. Tore. Tare Tare, n. [Cf. Prov. E. tare brisk, eager, OE. tarefitch the wild vetch.] 1. A weed that grows among wheat and other grain; -- alleged by modern naturalists to be the Lolium temulentum, or darnel. Didst not thou sow good seed in thy field? From whence then hath it tares? Matt. xiii. 27. The "darnel" is said to be the tares of Scripture, and is the only deleterious species belonging to the whole order. Baird. 2. (Bot.) A name of several climbing or diffuse leguminous herbs of the genus Vicia; especially, the V. sativa, sometimes grown for fodder. Tare Tare, n. [F. tare; cf. Pr., Sp., Pg., & It. tara; all fr. Ar. tarah thrown away, removed, fr. taraha to reject, remove.] (Com.) Deficientcy in the weight or quantity of goods by reason of the weight of the cask, bag, or whatever contains the commodity, and is weighed with it; hence, the allowance or abatement of a certain weight or quantity which the seller makes to the buyer on account of the weight of such cask, bag, etc. Tare Tare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taring.] To ascertain or mark the tare of (goods). Tared Tared (?), a. (Chem.) Weighed; determined; reduced to equal or standard weight; as, tared filter papers, used in weighing precipitates. Tarente Ta*ren"te (?), n. [Cf. F. tarente.] (Zo\'94l.) A harmless lizard of the Gecko family (Platydactylus Mauritianicus) found in Southern Europe and adjacent countries, especially among old walls and ruins. Tarentism Tar"ent*ism (?), n. See Tarantism. Tarentula Ta*ren"tu*la (?), n. See Tarantula. Targe Targe (?), n. [F. Cf. Target.] A shield or target. [Obs. or Poetic] "A buckler on a targe." Chaucer. Target Tar"get (?), n. [OF. targette, dim. of OF. & F. targe, of Teutonic origin; cf. AS. targe, OD. targie, G. zarge a frame, case, border, OHG. zarga, Icel. targa shield.] 1. A kind of small shield or buckler, used as a defensive weapon in war. 2. (a) A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a projectile. (b) The pattern or arrangement of a series of hits made by a marksman on a butt or mark; as, he made a good target. 3. (Surveying) The sliding crosspiece, or vane, on a leveling staff. 4. (Railroad) A conspicuous disk attached to a switch lever to show its position, or for use as a signal. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1475 Targeted Tar"get*ed (?), a. Furnished, armed, or protected, with a target. Targeteer Tar`get*eer" (?), n. One who is armed with a target or shield. [Written also targetier.] Targum Tar"gum (?), n.; pl. Targums (#). Heb. Targumim (#). [Chald. targ&umac;m interpretation, fr. targ\'c7m to interpret. Cf. Truchman, and Dragoman.] A translation or paraphrase of some portion of the Old Testament Scriptures in the Chaldee or Aramaic language or dialect. Targumist Tar"gum*ist, n. The writer of a Targum; one versed in the Targums. Tariff Tar"iff (?), n. [F. tarif; cf. Sp. & Pg. tarifa, It. tariffa; all fr. Ar. ta'r\'c6f information, explanation, definition, from 'arafa, to know, to inform, explain.] 1. A schedule, system, or scheme of duties imposed by the government of a country upon goods imported or exported; as, a revenue tariff; a protective tariff; Clay's compromise tariff. (U.S. 1833). NOTE: &hand; Th e Un ited States and Great Britain impose no duties on exports; hence, in these countries the tariff refers only to imports. 2. The duty, or rate of duty, so imposed; as, the tariff on wool; a tariff of two cents a pound. 3. Any schedule or system of rates, changes, etc.; as, a tariff of fees, or of railroad fares. Bolingbroke. Tariff Tar"iff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tariffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tariffing.] To make a list of duties on, as goods. Tarin Tar"in (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The siskin. [Prov.] Taring Tar"ing (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)The common tern; -- called also tarret, and tarrock. [Prov. Eng.] Tarlatan Tar"la*tan (?), n. A kind of thin, transparent muslin, used for dresses. Tarn Tarn (?), n. [OE. terne, Icel. tj\'94rn.] A mountain lake or pool. A lofty precipice in front, A silent tarn below. Wordsworth. Tarnish Tar"nish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tarnished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tarnishing.] [F. ternir, fr. OHG. tarnen to darken, to conceal, hide; akin to OS. dernian to hide, AS. dernan, dyrnan, OHG. tarni hidden, OS. derni, AS. derne, dyrne. Cf. Dern, a., and see -ish.] To soil, or change the appearance of, especially by an alternation induced by the air, or by dust, or the like; to diminish, dull, or destroy the luster of; to sully; as, to tarnish a metal; to tarnish gilding; to tarnish the purity of color. "Tarnished lace." Fuller. Used also figuratively; as, to tarnish one's honor. Syn. -- To sully; stain; dim. Tarnish Tar"nish, v. i. To lose luster; to become dull; as, gilding will tarnish in a foul air. Till thy fresh glories, which now shine so bright, Grow stale and tarnish with our daily sight. Dryden. Tarnish Tar"nish, n. 1. The quality or state of being tarnished; stain; soil; blemish. 2. (Min.) A thin film on the surface of a metal, usually due to a slight alteration of the original color; as, the steel tarnish in columbite. Tarnisher Tar"nish*er (?), n. One who, or that which, tarnishes. Taro Ta"ro (?), n. [From the Polynesian name.] (Bot.) A name for several aroid plants (Colocasia antiquorum, var. esculenta, Colocasia macrorhiza, etc.), and their rootstocks. They have large ovate-sagittate leaves and large fleshy rootstocks, which are cooked and used for food in tropical countries. Tarot Tar"ot (?), n. [F.; cf. It. tarocco.] A game of cards; -- called also taroc. Hoyle. Tarpan Tar"pan (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild horse found in the region of the Caspian Sea. Tarpaulin Tar*pau"lin (?), n. [Tar + palling a covering, pall to cover. See Pall a covering.] 1. A piece of canvas covered with tar or a waterproof composition, used for covering the hatches of a ship, hammocks, boats, etc. 2. A hat made of, or covered with, painted or tarred cloth, worn by sailors and others. 3. Hence, a sailor; a seaman; a tar. To a landsman, these tarpaulins, as they were called, seemed a strange and half-savage race. Macaulay. Tarpon Tar"pon (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tarpum. Tarpum Tar"pum (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A very large marine fish (Megapolis Atlanticus) of the Southern United States and the West Indies. It often becomes six or more feet in length, and has large silvery scales. The scales are a staple article of trade, and are used in fancywork. Called also tarpon, sabalo, savanilla, silverfish, and jewfish. Tarquinish Tar"quin*ish (?), a. Like a Tarquin, a king of ancient Rome; proud; haughty; overbearing. Tarrace Tar"race (?), n. See Trass. [Obs.] Tarragon Tar"ra*gon (?), n. [Sp. taragona, Ar. tarkh; perhaps fr. Gr. draco; cf. L. dracunculus tarragon. Cf. Dragon.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Artemisa (A. dracunculus), much used in France for flavoring vinegar. Tarras Tar"ras (?), n. See Trass. [Obs.] Tarre Tarre (?), v. t. [OE. tarien, terien, to irritate, provoke, AS. tergan to pull, pluck, torment; probably akin to E. tear, v.t. \'fb63. Cf. Tarry, v.] To set on, as a dog; to incite. [Obs.] Shak. Tarriance Tar"ri*ance (?), n. The act or time of tarrying; delay; lateness. [Archaic] Shak. And after two days' tarriance there, returned. Tennyson. Tarrier Tar"ri*er (?), n. One who, or that which, tarries. Tarrier Tar"ri*er, n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of dig; a terrier. [Obs.] Tarrock Tar"rock (?), n. [Greenland tattarock.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The young of the kittiwake gull before the first molt. (b) The common guillemot. [Prov. Eng.] (c) The common tern. Tarry Tar"ry (?), a. [From Tar, n.] Consisting of, or covered with, tar; like tar. Tarry Tar"ry (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tarried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tarrying.] [OE. tarien to irritate (see Tarre); but with a change of sense probably due to confusion with OE. targen to delay, OF. targier, fr. (assumed) LL. tardicare, fr. L. tardare to make slow, to tarry, fr. tardus slow. Cf. Tardy.] 1. To stay or remain behind; to wait. Tarry ye for us, until we come again. Ex. xxiv. 14. 2. To delay; to put off going or coming; to loiter. Come down unto me, tarry not. Gen. xic. 9. One tarried here, there hurried one. Emerson. 3. To stay; to abide; to continue; to lodge. Tarry all night, and wash your feet. Gen. xix. 2. Syn. -- To abide; continue; lodge; await; loiter. Tarry Tar"ry, v. t. 1. To delay; to defer; to put off. [Obs.] Tarry us here no longer than to-morrow. Chaucer. 2. To wait for; to stay or stop for. [Archaic] He that will have a cake out of the wheat must needs tarry the grinding. Shak. He plodded on, . . . tarrying no further question. Sir W. Scott. Tarry Tar"ry, n. Stay; stop; delay. [Obs.] E. Lodge. Tarsal Tar"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the tarsus (either of the foot or eye). -- n. A tarsal bone or cartilage; a tarsale. Tarsal tetter (Med.), an eruptive disease of the edges of the eyelids; a kind of bleareye. Tarsal Tar"sal (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tercel. [Obs.] Tarsale Tar*sa"le (?), n.; pl. Tarsalia (#). [NL.] (Anat.) One of the bones or cartilages of the tarsus; esp., one of the series articulating with the metatarsals. Tarse Tarse (?), n. [Cf. Tassel, Tiercel.] (Falconry) The male falcon. Tarse Tarse (?), n. [Cf. F. tarse.] (Anat.) tarsus. Tarsectomy Tar*sec"to*my (?), n. [Tarsus + Gr. (Surg.) The operation of excising one or more of the bones of the tarsus. Tarsel Tar"sel (?), n. A male hawk. See Tercel. [Obs.] Tarsi Tar"si (?), n., pl. of Tarsus. Tarsia, Tarsiatura Tar"si*a (?), Tar`si*a*tu"ra (?), n. [It.] A kind of mosaic in woodwork, much employed in Italy in the fifteenth century and later, in which scrolls and arabesques, and sometimes architectural scenes, landscapes, fruits, flowers, and the like, were produced by inlaying pieces of wood of different colors and shades into panels usually of walnut wood. Tarsier Tar"si*er (?), n. [Cf. F. tarsier.] See Tarsius. Tarsius Tar"si*us (?), n. [NL. See Tarsus.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of nocturnal lemurine mammals having very large eyes and ears, a long tail, and very long proximal tarsal bones; -- called also malmag, spectral lemur, podji, and tarsier. Tarso- Tar"so- (?). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the tarsus; as, tarsometatarsus. Tarsometatarsal Tar`so*met`a*tar"sal (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to both the tarsus and metatarsus; as, the tarsometatarsal articulations. (b) Of or pertaining to the tarsometatarsus. Tarsometatarsus Tar`so*met`a*tar"sus (?), n.; pl. Tarsometatarsi (#). [NL.] (Anat.) The large bone next the foot in the leg of a bird. It is formed by the union of the distal part of the tarsus with the metatarsus. Tarsorrhaphy Tar*sor"rha*phy (?), n. [Tarsus + Gr. (Surg.) An operation to diminish the size of the opening between eyelids when enlarged by surrounding cicatrices. Tarsotomy Tar*sot"o*my (?), n. [Tarsus + Gr. (Surg.) The operation of cutting or removing the tarsal cartilages. Tarsus Tar"sus (?), n.; pl. Tarsi (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Tarse.] 1. (Anat.) (a) The ankle; the bones or cartilages of the part of the foot between the metatarsus and the leg, consisting in man of seven short bones. (b) A plate of dense connective tissue or cartilage in the eyelid of man and many animals; -- called also tarsal cartilage, and tarsal plate. 2. (Zo\'94l.) The foot of an insect or a crustacean. It usually consists of form two to five joints. Tart Tart (?), a. [AS. teart. \'fb63. Cf. Tear, v. t.] 1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour; as, a tart apple. 2. Fig.: Sharp; keen; severe; as, a tart reply; tart language; a tart rebuke. Why art thou tart, my brother? Bunyan. Tart Tart, n. [OE. tarte, F. tarte; perhaps originally the same word as tourte, LL. torta, fr. L. tortus, p.p. of torquere to twist, bend, wind, because tarts were originally made of a twisted shape. Cf. Torture, n.] A species of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie. Tartan Tar"tan (?), n. [F. tiretane linsey-woolsey, akin to Sp. tirita\'a4a a sort of thin silk; cf. Sp. tiritar to shiver or shake with cold.] Woolen cloth, checkered or crossbarred with narrow bands of various colors, much worn in the Highlands of Scotland; hence, any pattern of tartan; also, other material of a similar pattern. MacCullummore's heart will be as cold as death can make it, when it does not warm to the tartan. Sir W. Scott. The sight of the tartan inflamed the populace of London with hatred. Macaulay. Tartan Tar"tan, n. [F. tartane, or Sp., Pg., or It. tartana; all perhaps of Arabic origin.] (Naut.) A small coasting vessel, used in the Mediterranean, having one mast carrying large leteen sail, and a bowsprit with staysail or jib. Tartar Tar"tar (?), n. [F. tartre (cf. Pr. tartari, Sp., Pg., & It. tartaro, LL. tartarum, LGr. 1. (Chem.) A reddish crust or sediment in wine casks, consisting essentially of crude cream of tartar, and used in marking pure cream of tartar, tartaric acid, potassium carbonate, black flux, etc., and, in dyeing, as a mordant for woolen goods; -- called also argol, wine stone, etc. 2. A correction which often incrusts the teeth, consisting of salivary mucus, animal matter, and phosphate of lime. Cream of tartar. (Chem.) See under Cream. -- Tartar emetic (Med. Chem.), a double tartrate of potassium and basic antimony. It is a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweetish metallic taste, and used in medicine as a sudorific and emetic. Tartar Tar"tar (?), n. 1. [Per. T\'bet\'ber, of Tartar origin.] A native or inhabitant of Tartary in Asia; a member of any one of numerous tribes, chiefly Moslem, of Turkish origin, inhabiting the Russian Europe; -- written also, more correctly but less usually, Tatar. 2. A person of a keen, irritable temper. To catch a tartar, to lay hold of, or encounter, a person who proves too strong for the assailant. [Colloq.] Tartar Tar"tar, a. Of or pertaining to Tartary in Asia, or the Tartars. Tartar Tar"tar, n. [Cf. F. tartare.] See Tartarus. Shak. Tartarated Tar"tar*a`ted (?), a. (Chem.) Tartrated. Tartarean, Tartareous Tar*ta"re*an (?), Tar*ta"re*ous (?), a. [L. tartareus: cf. F. tartar\'82en.] Of or pertaining to Tartarus; hellish. Tartareous Tar*ta"re*ous, a. [Cf. 1st Tartarous.] 1. Consisting of tartar; of the nature of tartar. 2. (Bot.) Having the surface rough and crumbling; as, many lichens are tartareous. Tartarian, Tartaric Tar*ta"ri*an (?), Tar*tar"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Tartary in Asia, or the Tartars. Tartarian lamb (Bot.), Scythian lamb. See Barometz. Tartarian Tar*ta"ri*an (?), n. (Bot.) The name of some kinds of cherries, as the Black Tartarian, or the White Tartarian. Tartaric Tar*tar"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tartar; derived from, or resembling, tartar. Tartaric acid. (a) An acid widely diffused throughout the vegetable kingdom, as in grapes, mountain-ash berries, etc., and obtained from tartar as a white crystalline substance, C2H2(OH)2.(CO2H)2, having a strong pure acid taste. It is used in medicine, in dyeing, calico printing, photography, etc., and also as a substitute for lemon juice. Called also dextro-tartaric acid. (b) By extension, any one of the series of isomeric acids (racemic acid, levotartaric acid, inactive tartaric acid) of which tartaric acid proper is the type. Tartarine Tar"tar*ine (?), n. (Old Chem.) Potassium carbonate, obtained by the incineration of tartar. [Obs.] Tartarize Tar"tar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tartarized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tartarizing (?).] [Cf. F. tartariser.] (Chem.) To impregnate with, or subject to the action of, tartar. [R.] Tartarized antimony (Med. Chem.), tartar emetic. Tartarize Tar"tar*ize (?), v. t. To cause to resemble the Tartars and their civilization, as by conquest. Tartarous Tar"tar*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. tartareux.] Containing tartar; consisting of tartar, or partaking of its qualities; tartareous. Tartarous Tar"tar*ous (?), a. Resembling, or characteristic of, a Tartar; ill-natured; irritable. The Tartarous moods of common men. B. Jonson. Tartarum Tar"ta*rum (?), n. (Chem.) See 1st Tartar. Tartarus Tar"ta*rus (?), n. [L., from Gr. (Class. Myth.) The infernal regions, described in the Iliad as situated as far below Hades as heaven is above the earth, and by later writers as the place of punishment for the spirits of the wicked. By the later poets, also, the name is often used synonymously with Hades, or the Lower World in general. Tartary Tar"ta*ry (?), n. Tartarus. [Obs.] Spenser. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1476 Tartini's tones Tar*ti"ni's tones` (?). [From Tartini, an Italian violinist, who discovered them in 1754.] See the Note under Tone. Tartish Tart"ish (?), a. Somewhat tart. Tartlet Tart"let (?), n. A small tart. V. Knox. Tartly Tart"ly, adv. In a tart manner; with acidity. Tartness Tart"ness, n. The quality or state of being tart. Syn. -- Acrimony; sourness; keenness; poignancy; severity; asperity; acerbity; harshness. See Acrimony. Tartralic Tar*tral"ic (?), a. [From Tartar the chemical compound.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a white amorphous deliquescent substance, C8H10O11; -- called also ditartaric, tartrilic, or tartrylic acid. Tartramate Tar*tram"ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tartramic acid. Tartramic Tar*tram"ic (?), a. [Tarto- + amic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is the primary acid amide derivative of tartaric acid. Tartramide Tar*tram"ide (?), n. [Tarto- + amide.] (Chem.) An acid amide derivative of tartaric acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance. Tartrate Tar"trate (?), n. [Cf. F. tartrate.] (Chem.) A salt of tartaric acid. Tartrated Tar"tra`ted (?), a. (Med. Chem.) Containing, or derived from, tartar; combined with tartaric acid. Tartrazine Tar"tra*zine (?), n. [Tartaric + hydrazine.] (Chem.) An artificial dyestuff obtained as an orange-yellow powder, and regarded as a phenyl hydrazine derivative of tartaric and sulphonic acids. Tartrelic Tar*trel"ic (?), a. [From Tartar the chemical compound.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an anhydride, C4H4O5, of tartaric acid, obtained as a white crystalline deliquescent substance. Tartro- Tar"tro-. A combining form (also used adjectively) used in chemistry to denote the presence of tartar or of some of its compounds or derivatives. Tartronate Tar"tro*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tartronic acid. Tartronic Tar*tron"ic (?), a. [Tartro- + malonic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid (called also hydroxy malonic acid) obtained, by reducing mesoxalic acid, as a white crystalline substance. Tartronyl Tar"tro*nyl (?), n. [Tartronic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical constituting the characteristic residue of tartronic acid and certain of its derivatives. Tartrovinic Tar`tro*vin"ic (?), a. [Tartro- + vinic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a certain acid composed of tartaric acid in combination with ethyl, and now called ethyltartaric acid. Tartuffe, Tartufe Tar*tuffe", Tar*tufe" (?), n. [F. tartufe.] A hypocritical devotee. See the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction. Tartuffish, Tartufish Tar*tuff"ish, Tar*tuf"ish, a. Like a tartuffe; precise; hypocritical. Sterne. Tarweed Tar"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several resinous-glandular composite plants of California, esp. to the species of Grindelia, Hemizonia, and Madia. Tas Tas (?), n. [F.] A heap. [Obs.] "The tas of bodies slain." Chaucer. Tas Tas, v. t. To tassel. [Obs.] "A purse of leather tassed with silk." Chaucer. Tasco Tas"co (?), n. [Cf. Sp. tasconio.] A kind of clay for making melting pots. Percy Smith. Tasimer Ta*sim"er (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for detecting or measuring minute extension or movements of solid bodies. It consists essentially of a small rod, disk, or button of carbon, forming part of an electrical circuit, the resistance of which, being varied by the changes of pressure produced by the movements of the object to be measured, causes variations in the strength of the current, which variations are indicated by a sensitive galvanometer. It is also used for measuring minute changes of temperature. T. A. Edison. Task Task (?), n. [OE. taske, OF. tasque, F. t\'83che, for tasche, LL. tasca, taxa, fr. L. taxare to rate, appraise, estimate. See Tax, n. & v.] 1. Labor or study imposed by another, often in a definite quantity or amount. Ma task of servile toil. Milton. Each morning sees some task begin, Each evening sees it close. Longfellow. 2. Business; employment; undertaking; labor. His mental powers were equal to greater tasks. Atterbury. To take to task. See under Take. Syn. -- Work; labor; employment; business; toil; drudgery; study; lesson; stint. Task Task, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tasked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tasking.] 1. To impose a task upon; to assign a definite amount of business, labor, or duty to. There task thy maids, and exercise the loom. Dryden. 2. To oppress with severe or excessive burdens; to tax. 3. To charge; to tax; as with a fault. Too impudent to task me with those errors. Beau. & Fl. Tasker Task"er (?), n. 1. One who imposes a task. 2. One who performs a task, as a day-laborer. [R.] 3. A laborer who receives his wages in kind. [Scot.] Taskmaster Task"mas`ter (?), n. One who imposes a task, or burdens another with labor; one whose duty is to assign tasks; an overseer. Ex. i. 11. All is, if I have grace to use it so, As ever in my great Taskmaster's eye. Milton. Taskwork Task"work` (?), n. Work done as a task; also, work done by the job; piecework. Taslet Tas"let (?), n. [See Tasse a piece of armor.] A piece of armor formerly worn to guard the things; a tasse. Tasmanian Tas*ma"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Tasmania, or Van Diemen's Land. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Tasmania; specifically (Ethnol.), in the plural, the race of men that formerly inhabited Tasmania, but is now extinct. Tasmanain cider tree. (Bot.) See the Note under Eucalyptus. -- Tasmanain devil. (Zo\'94l.) See under Devil. -- Tasmanain wolf (Zo\'94l.), a savage carnivorous marsupial; -- called also zebra wolf. See Zebra wolf, under Wolf. Tasse Tasse (?), n. [OF. tassette.] A piece of armor for the thighs, forming an appendage to the ancient corselet. NOTE: &hand; Us ually th e ta sse was a plate of iron swinging from the cuirass, but the skirts of sliding splints were also called by this name. Tassel Tas"sel (?), n. (Falconry) A male hawk. See Tercel. Tassel Tas"sel, n. [See Teasel.] A kind of bur used in dressing cloth; a teasel. Tassel Tas"sel, n. [OE., a fastening of a mantle, OF. tassel a fastening, clasp, F. tasseau a bracket, Fr. L. taxillus a little die, dim. of talus a die of a longish shape, rounded on two sides and marked only on the other four, a knuckle bone.] 1. A pendent ornament, attached to the corners of cushions, to curtains, and the like, ending in a tuft of loose threads or cords. 2. The flower or head of some plants, esp. when pendent. And the maize field grew and ripened, Till it stood in all the splendor Of its garments green and yellow, Of its tassels and its plumage. Longfellow. 3. A narrow silk ribbon, or the like, sewed to a book to be put between the leaves. 4. (Arch.) A piece of board that is laid upon a wall as a sort of plate, to give a level surface to the ends of floor timbers; -- rarely used in the United States. Tassel flower (Bot.), a name of several composite plants of the genus Cineraria, especially the C. sconchifolia, and of the blossoms which they bear. Tassel Tas"sel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tasseled (?) or Tasselled; p. pr. & vb. n. Tasseling or Tasselling.] To put forth a tassel or flower; as, maize tassels. Tassel Tas"sel, v. t. To adorn with tassels. Chaucer. Tasset Tas"set (?), n. [See Tasse.] A defense for the front of the thigh, consisting of one or more iron plates hanging from the belt on the lower edge of the corselet.<-- same as tasse? --> Tastable Tast"a*ble (?), a. Capable of worthy of being tasted; savory; relishing. Taste Taste (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tasted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tasting.] [OE. tasten to feel, to taste, OF. taster, F. tater to feel, to try by the touch, to try, to taste, (assumed) LL. taxitare, fr. L. taxare to touch sharply, to estimate. See Tax, v. t.] 1. To try by the touch; to handle; as, to taste a bow. [Obs.] Chapman. Taste it well and stone thou shalt it find. Chaucer. 2. To try by the touch of the tongue; to perceive the relish or flavor of (anything) by taking a small quantity into a mouth. Also used figuratively. When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine. John ii. 9. When Commodus had once tasted human blood, he became incapable of pity or remorse. Gibbon. 3. To try by eating a little; to eat a small quantity of. I tasted a little of this honey. 1 Sam. xiv. 29. 4. To become acquainted with by actual trial; to essay; to experience; to undergo. He . . . should taste death for every man. Heb. ii. 9. 5. To partake of; to participate in; -- usually with an implied sense of relish or pleasure. Thou . . . wilt taste No pleasure, though in pleasure, solitary. Milton. Taste Taste, v. i. 1. To try food with the mouth; to eat or drink a little only; to try the flavor of anything; as, to taste of each kind of wine. 2. To have a smack; to excite a particular sensation, by which the specific quality or flavor is distinguished; to have a particular quality or character; as, this water tastes brackish; the milk tastes of garlic. Yea, every idle, nice, and wanton reason Shall to the king taste of this action. Shak. 3. To take sparingly. For age but tastes of pleasures, youth devours. Dryden. 4. To have perception, experience, or enjoyment; to partake; as, to taste of nature's bounty. Waller. The valiant never taste of death but once. Shak. Taste Taste, n. 1. The act of tasting; gustation. 2. A particular sensation excited by the application of a substance to the tongue; the quality or savor of any substance as perceived by means of the tongue; flavor; as, the taste of an orange or an apple; a bitter taste; an acid taste; a sweet taste. 3. (Physiol.) The one of the five senses by which certain properties of bodies (called their taste, savor, flavor) are ascertained by contact with the organs of taste. NOTE: &hand; Ta ste depends mainly on the contact of soluble matter with the terminal organs (connected with branches of the glossopharyngeal and other nerves) in the papill\'91 on the surface of the tongue. The base of the tongue is considered most sensitive to bitter substances, the point to sweet and acid substances. 4. Intellectual relish; liking; fondness; -- formerly with of, now with for; as, he had no taste for study. I have no taste Of popular applause. Dryden. 5. The power of perceiving and relishing excellence in human performances; the faculty of discerning beauty, order, congruity, proportion, symmetry, or whatever constitutes excellence, particularly in the fine arts and belles-letters; critical judgment; discernment. 6. Manner, with respect to what is pleasing, refined, or in accordance with good usage; style; as, music composed in good taste; an epitaph in bad taste. 7. Essay; trial; experience; experiment. Shak. 8. A small portion given as a specimen; a little piece tastted of eaten; a bit. Bacon. 9. A kind of narrow and thin silk ribbon. Syn. -- Savor; relish; flavor; sensibility; gout. -- Taste, Sensibility, Judgment. Some consider taste as a mere sensibility, and others as a simple exercise of judgment; but a union of both is requisite to the existence of anything which deserves the name. An original sense of the beautiful is just as necessary to \'91sthetic judgments, as a sense of right and wrong to the formation of any just conclusions or moral subjects. But this "sense of the beautiful" is not an arbitrary principle. It is under the guidance of reason; it grows in delicacy and correctness with the progress of the individual and of society at large; it has its laws, which are seated in the nature of man; and it is in the development of these laws that we find the true "standard of taste." What, then, is taste, but those internal powers, Active and strong, and feelingly alive To each fine impulse? a discerning sense Of decent and sublime, with quick disgust From things deformed, or disarranged, or gross In species? This, nor gems, nor stores of gold, Nor purple state, nor culture, can bestow, But God alone, when first his active hand Imprints the secret bias of the soul. Akenside. Taste of buds, OR Taste of goblets (Anat.), the flask-shaped end organs of taste in the epithelium of the tongue. They are made up of modified epithelial cells arranged somewhat like leaves in a bud. Tasteful Taste"ful (?), a. 1. Having a high relish; savory. "Tasteful herbs." Pope. 2. Having or exhibiting good taste; in accordance with good taste; tasty; as, a tasteful drapery. -- Taste"ful*ly, adv. -- Taste"ful*ness, n. Tasteless Taste"less, a. 1. Having no taste; insipid; flat; as, tasteless fruit. 2. Destitute of the sense of taste; or of good taste; as, a tasteless age. Orrery. 3. Not in accordance with good taste; as, a tasteless arrangement of drapery. -- Taste"less*ly, adv. -- Taste"less*ness, n. Taster Tast"er (?), n. 1. One who tastes; especially, one who first tastes food or drink to ascertain its quality. Thy tutor be thy taster, ere thou eat. Dryden. 2. That in which, or by which, anything is tasted, as, a dram cup, a cheese taster, or the like. 3. (Zo\'94l.) One of a peculiar kind of zooids situated on the polyp-stem of certain Siphonophora. They somewhat resemble the feeding zooids, but are destitute of mouths. See Siphonophora. Tastily Tast"i*ly (?), adv. In a tasty manner. Tasting Tast"ing, n. The act of perceiving or tasting by the organs of taste; the faculty or sense by which we perceive or distinguish savors. Tasto Tas"to (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A key or thing touched to produce a tone. Tasto solo, single touch; -- in old music, a direction denoting that the notes in the bass over or under which it is written should be performed alone, or with no other chords than unisons and octaves. Tasty Tast"y (?), a. [Compar. Tastier (?); superl. Tastiest.] 1. Having a good taste; -- applied to persons; as, a tasty woman. See Taste, n., 5.<-- not used in that sense now. --> 2. Being in conformity to the principles of good taste; elegant; as, tasty furniture; a tasty dress. Tat Tat (?), n. [Hind. t\'bet.] Gunny cloth made from the fiber of the Corchorus olitorius, or jute. [India] Tat Tat, n. [Hind. tatt.] (Zo\'94l.) A pony. [India] Tataupa Ta*tau"pa (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American tinamou (Crypturus tataupa). Tatch Tatch (?), n. [F. tache spot. See Techy.] A spot or stain; also, a trick. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot. Tath Tath (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Ta, to take. Tath Tath, n. [Prov. E.; of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. ta dung, ta the grass of a manured pasture, te to manure. \'fb58. Cf. Ted.] 1. Dung, or droppings of cattle. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] 2. The luxuriant grass growing about the droppings of cattle in a pasture. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Tath Tath, v. t. To manure (land) by pasturing cattle on it, or causing them to lie upon it. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Tatou Ta*tou" (?), n. [Cf. Tatouay.] (Zo\'94l.) The giant armadillo (Priodontes gigas) of tropical South America. It becomes nearly five feet long including the tail. It is noted for its burrowing powers, feeds largely upon dead animals, and sometimes invades human graves. Tatouay Tat"ou*ay (?), n. [Of Brazilian origin; cf. Pg. tatu, F. tatou.] (Zo\'94l.) An armadillo (Xenurus unicinctus), native of the tropical parts of South America. It has about thirteen movable bands composed of small, nearly square, scales. The head is long; the tail is round and tapered, and nearly destitute of scales; the claws of the fore feet are very large. Called also tatouary, and broad-banded armadillo. Tatouhou Tat"ou*hou (?), n. [Cf. Tatouay.] (Zo\'94l.) The peba. Tatt Tatt (?), v. t. & i. To make (anything) by tatting; to work at tatting; as, tatted edging. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1477 Tatta Tat"ta (?), n. [Hind. , t\'bet\'c6.] A bamboo frame or trellis hung at a door or window of a house, over which water is suffered to trickle, in order to moisten and cool the air as it enters. [India] Tatter Tat"ter (?), n. One who makes tatting. Caulfield & S. (Doct. of Needlework). Tatter Tat"ter (?), n. [Icel. t\'94tur, t\'94ttur, pl. t\'94trar, ; cf. Norw. totra, pl. totror, LG. taltern tatters. \'fb240.] A rag, or a part torn and hanging; -- chiefly used in the plural. Tear a passion to tatters, to very rags. Shak. Tatter Tat"ter, v. t. [p. p. Tattered (?).] To rend or tear into rags; -- used chiefly in the past participle as an adjective. Where waved the tattered ensigns of Ragfair. Pope. Tatterdemalion Tat`ter*de*mal"ion (?), n. [Tatter + OF. desmaillier to break the meshes of, to tear: cf. OF. maillon long clothes, swadding clothes, F. maillot. See Tatter, and Mail armor.] A ragged fellow; a ragamuffin. L'Estrange. Tatting Tat"ting (?), n. A kind of lace made from common sewing thread, with a peculiar stitch. Tatting shuttle, the shuttle on which the thread used in tatting is wound. Tattle Tat"tle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tattled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tattling (?).] [Akin to OE. tateren, LG. tateln, D. tateren to stammer, and perhaps to E. titter.] 1. To prate; to talk idly; to use many words with little meaning; to chat. The tattling quality of age, which is always narrative. Dryden. 2. To tell tales; to communicate secrets; to be a talebearer; as, a tattling girl. Tattle Tat"tle, n. Idle talk or chat; trifling talk; prate. [They] told the tattle of the day. Swift. Tattler Tat"tler (?), n. 1. One who tattles; an idle talker; one who tells tales. Jer. Taylor. 2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large, long-legged sandpipers belonging to the genus Totanus. NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon American species are the greater tattler, or telltale (T. melanoleucus), the smaller tattler, or lesser yellowlegs (T. flavipes), the solitary tattler (T. solitarius), and the semipalmated tattler, or willet. The first two are called also telltale, telltale spine, telltale tattler, yellowlegs, yellowshanks, and yelper. Tattlery Tat"tler*y (?), n. Idle talk or chat; tittle-tattle. Tattling Tat"tling (?), a. Given to idle talk; apt to tell tales. -- Tat"tling*ly, adv. Tattoo Tat*too" (?), n. [Earlier taptoo, D. taptoe; tap a tap, faucet + toe to, shut (i. e., the taps, or drinking houses, shut from the soldiers).] (Mil.) A beat of drum, or sound of a trumpet or bugle, at night, giving notice to soldiers to retreat, or to repair to their quarters in garrison, or to their tents in camp. The Devil's tattoo. See under Devil. Tattoo Tat*too", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tattooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tattooing.] [Of Polynesian origin; cf. New Zealand ta to tattoo, tatu puncturation (in Otaheite).] To color, as the flesh, by pricking in coloring matter, so as to form marks or figures which can not be washed out. Tattoo Tat*too", n.; pl. Tattoos (. An indelible mark or figure made by puncturing the skin and introducing some pigment into the punctures; -- a mode of ornamentation practiced by various barbarous races, both in ancient and modern times, and also by some among civilized nations, especially by sailors. Tatu Ta*tu" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tatou. Tatusiid Ta*tu"si*id (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any armadillo of the family Tatusiid\'91, of which the peba and mule armadillo are examples. Also used adjectively. Tau Tau (?), n. [Gr. tay^ the letter t (English T).] (Zo\'94l.) The common American toadfish; -- so called from a marking resembling the Greek letter tau (t). Tau cross. See Illust. 6, of Cross. Taught Taught (?), a. See Taut. Totten. Taught Taught, imp. & p. p. of Teach. [AS. imp. t&aemac;hte, p.p. get&aemac;ht.] NOTE: See Teach. Taunt Taunt (?), a. [Cf. OF. tant so great, F. tant so much, L. tantus of such size, so great, so much.] (Naut.) Very high or tall; as, a ship with taunt masts. Totten. Taunt Taunt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Taunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Taunting.] [Earlier, to tease; probably fr. OF. tanter to tempt, to try, for tenter. See Tempt.] To reproach with severe or insulting words; to revile; to upbraid; to jeer at; to flout. When I had at my pleasure taunted her. Shak. Syn. -- To deride; ridicule; mock; jeer; flout; revile. See Deride. Taunt Taunt, n. Upbraiding language; bitter or sarcastic reproach; insulting invective. With scoffs, and scorns, and contemelious taunts. Shak. With sacrilegious taunt and impious jest. Prior. Taunter Taunt"er (?), n. One who taunts. Taunting Taunt"ing, a. & n. from Taunt, v. Every kind of insolent and taunting reflection. Burke. Tauntingly Taunt"ing*ly, adv. In a taunting manner. Tauntress Taunt"ress (?), n. A woman who taunts. Taur Taur (?), n. [L. Taurus.] The constellation Taurus. [Obs.] Chaucer. Tauricornous Tau`ri*cor"nous (?), a. [L. tauricornis; taurus a bull + cornu a horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Having horns like those of a bull. Sir T. Browne. Tauridor Tau`ri*dor" (?), n. [See Toreador.] A bull Sir W. Scott. Tauriform Tau"ri*form (?), a. [L. tauriformis; taurus a bull + -form: cf. F. tauriforme.] Having the form of a bull. Taurine Tau"rine (?), a. [L. taurinus, fr. taurus a bull. See Taurus.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the genus Taurus, or cattle. Taurine Tau"rine (?), n. [So named because it was discovered in the bile of the ox. See Taurus.] (Physiol. Chem.) A body occurring in small quantity in the juices of muscle, in the lungs, and elsewhere, but especially in the bile, where it is found as a component part of taurocholic acid, from which it can be prepared by decomposition of the acid. It crystallizes in colorless, regular six-sided prisms, and is especially characterized by containing both nitrogen and sulphur, being chemically amido-isethionic acid, C Taurocholate Tau`ro*cho"late (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A salt of taurocholic acid; as, sodium taurocholate, which occurs in human bile. Taurocholic Tau`ro*chol"ic (?), a. [Taurine + cholic.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a conjugate acid (called taurocholic acid) composed of taurine and cholic acid, present abundantly in human bile and in that of carnivora. It is exceedingly deliquescent, and hence appears generally as a thick, gummy mass, easily soluble in water and alcohol. It has a bitter taste. Taurocol, Taurocolla Tau"ro*col (?), Tau`ro*col"la (?), n. [NL. taurocolla, fr. Gr. taurocolle.] Glue made from a bull's hide. Tauromachian Tau`ro*ma"chi*an (?), a. [See Tauromachy.] Of or pertaining to bullfights. -- n. A bullfighter. Tauromachy Tau*rom"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. Bullfighting. Taurus Tau"rus (?), n. [L., akin to Gr. steer. See Steer a young ox.] 1. (Astron.) (a) The Bull; the second in order of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the 20th of April; -- marked thus [&taurus;] in almanacs. (b) A zodiacal constellation, containing the well-known clusters called the Pleiades and the Hyades, in the latter of which is situated the remarkably bright Aldebaran. 2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of ruminants comprising the common domestic cattle. Taurylic Tau*ryl"ic (?), a. [L. taurus a bull + E. phenylic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found of a urine of neat cattle, and probably identical with cresol. Taut Taut (?), a. [Dan. t\'91t; akin to E. tight. See Tight.] 1. (Naut.) Tight; stretched; not slack; -- said esp. of a rope that is tightly strained. 2. Sung; close; firm; secure. Taut hand (Naut.), a sailor's term for an officer who is severe in discipline. Tautegorical Tau`te*gor"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Allegory.] Expressing the same thing with different words; -- opposed to allegorical. [R.] Coleridge. Tautochrone Tau"to*chrone (?), n. [Gr. tautochrone.] (Math.) A curved line, such that a heavy body, descending along it by the action of gravity, will always arrive at the lowest point in the same time, wherever in the curve it may begin to fall; as, an inverted cycloid with its base horizontal is a tautochrone. Tautochronous Tau*toch"ro*nous (?), a. (Math.) Occupying the same time; pertaining to, or having the properties of, a tautochrone. Tautog Tau*tog" (?), n. [The pl. of taut, the American Indian name, translated by Roger Williams sheep's heads, and written by him tauta\'a3og.] (Zo\'94l.) An edible labroid fish (Haitula onitis, or Tautoga onitis) of the Atlantic coast of the United States. When adult it is nearly black, more or less irregularly barred, with greenish gray. Called also blackfish, oyster fish, salt-water chub, and moll. [Written also tautaug.] Tautologic Tau`to*log"ic (?), a. Tautological. Tautological Tau`to*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. tautologique.] Involving tautology; having the same signification; as, tautological expression. -- Tau`to*log"ic*al*ly, adv. Tautological echo, an echo that repeats the same sound or syllable many times. Tautologist Tau*tol"o*gist (?), n. One who uses tautological words or phrases. Tautologize Tau*tol"o*gize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tautologized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tautologizing (?).] To repeat the same thing in different words. Tautologous Tau*tol"o*gous (?), a. [Gr. Repeating the same thing in different words; tautological. [R.] Tooke. Tautology Tau*tol"o*gy (?), n. [L. tautologia, Gr. tautologie.] (Rhet.) A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless repetition of an idea in different words or phrases; a representation of anything as the cause, condition, or consequence of itself, as in the following lines: -- The dawn is overcast, the morning lowers, And heavily in clouds brings on the day. Addison. Syn. -- Repetition. -- Tautology, Repetition. There may be frequent repetitions (as in legal instruments) which are warranted either by necessity or convenience; but tautology is always a fault, being a sameness of expression which adds nothing to the sense or the sound. Tautomeric Tau`to*mer"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Relating to, or characterized by, tautomerism. Tautomerism Tau*tom"er*ism (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) The condition, quality, or relation of metameric substances, or their respective derivatives, which are more or less interchangeable, according as one form or the other is the more stable. It is a special case of metamerism; thus, the lactam and the lactim compounds exhibit tautomerism. Tautoousian, Tautoousious Tau`to*ou"si*an (?), Tau`to*ou"si*ous (?), a. [Gr. Having the same essence; being identically of the same nature. [R.] Cudworth. Tautophonical Tau`to*phon"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, tautophony; repeating the same sound. Tautophony Tau*toph"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. Repetition of the same sound. Tautozonal Tau`to*zon"al (?), a. [Gr. zonal.] (Crystallog.) Belonging to the same zone; as, tautozonal planes. Tavern Tav"ern (?), n. [OE. taverne, F. taverne, from L. taberna a hut, booth, tavern. Cf. Table, Tabernacle.] A public house where travelers and other transient guests are accomodated with rooms and meals; an inn; a hotel; especially, in modern times, a public house licensed to sell liquor in small quantities. Taverner Tav"ern*er (?), n. [F. tavernier, L. tabernarius.] One who keeps a tavern. Chaucer. Camden. Taverning Tav"ern*ing, n. A feasting at taverns. [Obs.] "The misrule of our tavernings." Bp. Hall. Tavernman Tav"ern*man (?), n.; pl. Tavernmen (. The keeper of a tavern; also, a tippler. [Obs.] Taw Taw (?), n. Tow. [Obs.] Chaucer. Taw Taw, v. t. [Cf. Tew to tow, Tow, v. t.] To push; to tug; to tow. [Obs.] Drayton. Taw Taw (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tawed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tawing.] [OE. tawen, tewen, AS. t\'bewian to prepare; cf. D. touwen, Goth. t\'c7wa order, taujan to do, and E. tool. \'fb64. Cf. 1st Tew, Tow the coarse part of flax.] 1. To prepare or dress, as hemp, by beating; to tew; hence, to beat; to scourge. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. 2. To dress and prepare, as the skins of sheep, lambs, goats, and kids, for gloves, and the like, by imbuing them with alum, salt, and other agents, for softening and bleaching them. Taw Taw, n. [Cf. AS. t\'bew instrument.] 1. A large marble to be played with; also, a game at marbles. 2. A line or mark from which the players begin a game of marbles. [Colloq. U.S.] Tawdrily Taw"dri*ly (?), adv. In a tawdry manner. Tawdriness Taw"dri*ness, n. Quality or state of being tawdry. A clumsy person makes his ungracefulness more ungraceful by tawdriness of dress. Richardson. Tawdry Taw"dry (?), a. [Compar. Tawdrier (?); superl. Tawdriest.] [Said to be corrupted from Saint Audrey, or Auldrey, meaning Saint Ethelreda, implying therefore, originally, bought at the fair of St. Audrey, where laces and gay toys of all sorts were sold. This fair was held in Isle Ely, and probably at other places, on the day of the saint, which was the 17th of October.] 1. Bought at the festival of St. Audrey. [Obs.] And gird in your waist, For more fineness, with a tawdry lace. Spenser. 2. Very fine and showy in colors, without taste or elegance; having an excess of showy ornaments without grace; cheap and gaudy; as, a tawdry dress; tawdry feathers; tawdry colors.<-- tacky? --> He rails from morning to night at essenced fops and tawdry courtiers. Spectator. Tawdry Taw"dry, n.; pl. Tawdries (. A necklace of a rural fashion, bought at St. Audrey's fair; hence, a necklace in general. [Obs.] Of which the Naiads and the blue Nereids make Them tawdries for their necks. Drayton. Tawer Taw"er (?), n. One who taws; a dresser of white leather. Tawery Taw"er*y (?), n. A place where skins are tawed. Tawniness Taw"ni*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being tawny. Tawny Taw"ny (?), a. [Compar. Tawnier (?); superl. Tawniest.] [F. tann\'82, p.p. of tanner to tan. See Tan, v. t. & n. Cf. Tenn\'82.] Of a dull yellowish brown color, like things tanned, or persons who are sunburnt; as, tawny Moor or Spaniard; the tawny lion. "A leopard's tawny and spotted hide." Longfellow. Taws Taws (?), n. [See Taw to beat.] A leather lash, or other instrument of punishment, used by a schoolmaster. [Written also tawes, tawis, and tawse.] [Scot.] Never use the taws when a gloom can do the turn. Ramsay. Tax Tax (?), n. [F. taxe, fr. taxer to tax, L. taxare to touch, sharply, to feel, handle, to censure, value, estimate, fr. tangere, tactum, to touch. See Tangent, and cf. Task, Taste.] 1. A charge, especially a pecuniary burden which is imposed by authority. Specifically: -- (a) A charge or burden laid upon persons or property for the support of a government. A farmer of taxes is, of all creditors, proverbially the most rapacious. Macaulay. (b) Especially, the sum laid upon specific things, as upon polls, lands, houses, income, etc.; as, a land tax; a window tax; a tax on carriages, and the like. NOTE: Taxes are annual or perpetual, direct or indirect, etc. (c) A sum imposed or levied upon the members of a society to defray its expenses. 2. A task exacted from one who is under control; a contribution or service, the rendering of which is imposed upon a subject. 3. A disagreeable or burdensome duty or charge; as, a heavy tax on time or health. 4. Charge; censure. [Obs.] Clarendon. 5. A lesson to be learned; a task. [Obs.] Johnson. Tax cart, a spring cart subject to a low tax. [Eng.] Syn. -- Impost; tribute; contribution; duty; toll; rate; assessment; exaction; custom; demand. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1478 Tax Tax (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Taxed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taxing.] [Cf. F. taxer. See Tax, n.] 1. To subject to the payment of a tax or taxes; to impose a tax upon; to lay a burden upon; especially, to exact money from for the support of government. We are more heavily taxed by our idleness, pride, and folly than we are taxed by government. Franklin. 2. (Law) To assess, fix, or determine judicially, the amount of; as, to tax the cost of an action in court. 3. To charge; to accuse; also, to censure; -- often followed by with, rarely by of before an indirect object; as, to tax a man with pride. I tax you, you elements, with unkindness. Shak. Men's virtues I have commended as freely as I have taxed their crimes. Dryden. Fear not now that men should tax thine honor. M. Arnold. Taxability Tax`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being taxable; taxableness. Taxable Tax"a*ble (?), a. 1. Capable of being taxed; liable by law to the assessment of taxes; as, taxable estate; taxable commodities. 2. (Law) That may be legally charged by a court against the plaintiff of defendant in a suit; as, taxable costs. -- Tax"a*ble*ness, n. -- Tax"a*bly, adv. Taxaspidean Tax`as*pid"e*an (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the posterior tarsal scales, or scutella, rectangular and arranged in regular rows; -- said of certain birds. Taxation Tax*a"tion (?), n. [F. taxation, L. taxatio a valuing, estimation, from L. taxare. See Tax.] 1. The act of laying a tax, or of imposing taxes, as on the subjects of a state, by government, or on the members of a corporation or company, by the proper authority; the raising of revenue; also, a system of raising revenue. 2. (Law) The act of taxing, or assessing a bill of cost. 3. Tax; sum imposed. [R.] Daniel. 4. Charge; accusation. [Obs.] Shak. Taxel Tax"el (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American badger. Taxeopoda Tax`e*op"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Paleon.) An order of extinct Mammalia found in the Tertiary formations. Taxer Tax"er (?), n. 1. One who taxes. 2. One of two officers chosen yearly to regulate the assize of bread, and to see the true gauge of weights and measures is observed. [Camb. Univ., Eng.] [Written also taxor.] Taxgatherer Tax"gath`er*er (?), n. One who collects taxes or revenues. -- Tax"gath`er*ing, n. Taxiarch Tax"i*arch (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) An Athenian military officer commanding a certain division of an army. Milford. Taxicorn Tax"i*corn (?), n. [L. taxus a yew + cornu a horn: cf. F. taxicorne.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a family of beetles (Taxicornes) whose antenn\'91 are largest at the tip. Also used adjectively. Taxidermic Tax`i*der"mic (?), a. [Cf. F. taxidermique.] Of or pertaining to the art of preparing and preserving the skins of animals. Taxidermist Tax"i*der`mist (?), n. A person skilled in taxidermy. Taxidermy Tax"i*der`my (?), n. [Gr. taxidermie. See Tactics, Tear, v. t.] The art of preparing, preserving, and mounting the skins of animals so as to represent their natural appearance, as for cabinets. Taxine Tax"ine (?), n. [L. taxus a yew.] (Chem.) A poisonous alkaloid of bitter taste extracted from the leaves and seeds of the European yew (Taxus baccata). Called also taxia.<-- a mixture of compounds. Taxine A has form. C35H47NO10 Taxis Tax"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Surg.) Manipulation applied to a hernial tumor, or to an intestinal obstruction, for the purpose of reducing it. Dunglison. Taxless Tax"less, a. Free from taxation. Taxology Tax*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] (Biol.) Same as Taxonomy. Taxonomic Tax`o*nom"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or involving, taxonomy, or the laws and principles of classification; classificatory. Taxonomist Tax*on"o*mist (?), n. One skilled in taxonomy. Taxonomy Tax*on"o*my (?), n. [Gr. That division of the natural sciences which treats of the classification of animals and plants; the laws or principles of classification. Taxor Tax"or (?), n. [NL.] Same as Taxer, n., 2. Taxpayer Tax"pay`er (?), n. One who is assessed and pays a tax. Tayra Tay"ra (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American carnivore (Galera barbara) allied to the grison. The tail is long and thick. The length, including the tail, is about three feet. [Written also taira.] Tazel Ta"zel (?), n. (Bot.) The teasel. [Obs.] Tazza Taz"za (?), n. [It.] An ornamental cup or vase with a large, flat, shallow bowl, resting on a pedestal and often having handles. Tchawytcha Tcha*wy"tcha (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The quinnat salmon. [Local, U.S.] T cart T" cart` (?). See under T. Tea Tea (?), n. [Chin. tsh\'be, Prov. Chin. te: cf. F. th\'82.] 1. The prepared leaves of a shrub, or small tree (Thea, OR Camellia, Chinensis). The shrub is a native of China, but has been introduced to some extent into some other countries. NOTE: &hand; Teas are classed as green or black, according to their color or appearance, the kinds being distinguished also by various other characteristic differences, as of taste, odor, and the like. The color, flavor, and quality are dependent upon the treatment which the leaves receive after being gathered. The leaves for green tea are heated, or roasted slightly, in shallow pans over a wood fire, almost immediately after being gathered, after which they are rolled with the hands upon a table, to free them from a portion of their moisture, and to twist them, and are then quickly dried. Those intended for black tea are spread out in the air for some time after being gathered, and then tossed about with the hands until they become soft and flaccid, when they are roasted for a few minutes, and rolled, and having then been exposed to the air for a few hours in a soft and moist state, are finally dried slowly over a charcoal fire. The operation of roasting and rolling is sometimes repeated several times, until the leaves have become of the proper color. The principal sorts of green tea are Twankay, the poorest kind; Hyson skin, the refuse of Hyson; Hyson, Imperial, and Gunpowder, fine varieties; and Young Hyson, a choice kind made from young leaves gathered early in the spring. Those of black tea are Bohea, the poorest kind; Congou; Oolong; Souchong, one of the finest varieties; and Pekoe, a fine-flavored kind, made chiefly from young spring buds. See Bohea, Congou, Gunpowder tea, under Gunpowder, Hyson, Oolong, and Souchong. K. Johnson. Tomlinson. NOTE: &hand; "N o kn owledge of . . . [tea] appears to have reached Europe till after the establishment of intercourse between Portugal and China in 1517. The Portuguese, however, did little towards the introduction of the herb into Europe, and it was not till the Dutch established themselves at Bantam early in 17th century, that these adventurers learned from the Chinese the habit of tea drinking, and brought it to Europe." Encyc. Brit. 2. A decoction or infusion of tea leaves in boiling water; as, tea is a common beverage. 3. Any infusion or decoction, especially when made of the dried leaves of plants; as, sage tea; chamomile tea; catnip tea. 4. The evening meal, at which tea is usually served; supper. Arabian tea, the leaves of Catha edulis; also (Bot.), the plant itself. See Kat. -- Assam tea, tea grown in Assam, in India, originally brought there from China about the year 1850. -- Australian, OR Botany Bay, tea (Bot.), a woody clambing plant (Smilax glycyphylla). -- Brazilian tea. (a) The dried leaves of Lantana pseodothea, used in Brazil as a substitute for tea. (b) The dried leaves of Stachytarpheta mutabilis, used for adulterating tea, and also, in Austria, for preparing a beverage. -- Labrador tea. (Bot.) See under Labrador. -- New Jersey tea (Bot.), an American shrub, the leaves of which were formerly used as a substitute for tea; redroot. See Redroot. -- New Zealand tea. (Bot.) See under New Zealand. -- Oswego tea. (Bot.) See Oswego tea. -- Paraguay tea, mate. See 1st Mate. -- Tea board, a board or tray for holding a tea set. -- Tea bug (Zo\'94l.), an hemipterous insect which injures the tea plant by sucking the juice of the tender leaves. -- Tea caddy, a small box for holding tea. -- Tea chest, a small, square wooden case, usually lined with sheet lead or tin, in which tea is imported from China. -- Tea clam (Zo\'94l.), a small quahaug. [Local, U.S.] -- Tea garden, a public garden where tea and other refreshments are served. -- Tea plant (Bot.), any plant, the leaves of which are used in making a beverage by infusion; specifically, Thea Chinensis, from which the tea of commerce is obtained. -- Tea rose (Bot.), a delicate and graceful variety of the rose (Rosa Indica, var. odorata), introduced from China, and so named from its scent. Many varieties are now cultivated. -- Tea service, the appurtenances or utensils required for a tea table, -- when of silver, usually comprising only the teapot, milk pitcher, and sugar dish. -- Tea set, a tea service. -- Tea table, a table on which tea furniture is set, or at which tea is drunk. -- Tea taster, one who tests or ascertains the quality of tea by tasting. -- Tea tree (Bot.), the tea plant of China. See Tea plant, above.<-- In Australia and New Zealand, tea tree refers to a tree or tall shrib, Leptospermum scoparium, having white bell-shaped flowers. The leaves are used to prepare an infusion; an oil, tea tree oil, is also derived, and claimed to have therapeutic properties, as for healing burns of the skin. --> -- Tea urn, a vessel generally in the form of an urn or vase, for supplying hot water for steeping, or infusing, tea. Tea Tea, v. i. To take or drink tea. [Colloq.] Teaberry Tea"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) The checkerberry. Teach Teach (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Taught (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teaching.] [OE. techen, imp. taughte, tahte, AS. t, imp. t, to show, teach, akin to t\'becn token. See Token.] 1. To impart the knowledge of; to give intelligence concerning; to impart, as knowledge before unknown, or rules for practice; to inculcate as true or important; to exhibit impressively; as, to teach arithmetic, dancing, music, or the like; to teach morals. If some men teach wicked things, it must be that others should practice them. South. 2. To direct, as an instructor; to manage, as a preceptor; to guide the studies of; to instruct; to inform; to conduct through a course of studies; as, to teach a child or a class. "He taught his disciples." Mark ix. 31. The village master taught his little school. Goldsmith. 3. To accustom; to guide; to show; to admonish. I shall myself to herbs teach you. Chaucer. They have taught their tongue to speak lies. Jer. ix. 5. NOTE: &hand; Th is ve rb is often used with two objects, one of the person, the other of the thing; as, he taught me Latin grammar. In the passive construction, either of these objects may be retained in the objective case, while the other becomes the subject; as, I was taught Latin grammar by him; Latin grammar was taught me by him. Syn. -- To instruct; inform; inculcate; tell; guide; counsel; admonish. See the Note under Learn. Teach Teach (?), v. i. To give instruction; to follow the business, or to perform the duties, of a preceptor. And gladly would he learn, and gladly teach. Chaucer. The priests thereof teach for hire. Micah iii. 11. Teachable Teach"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being taught; apt to learn; also, willing to receive instruction; docile. We ought to bring our minds free, unbiased, and teachable, to learn our religion from the Word of God. I. Watts. Teachableness Teach"a*ble*ness, n. Willingness to be taught. Teache Teache (?), n. [Cf. Ir. teaghaim, Gael. teasaich, to heat.] (Sugar Works) One of the series of boilers in which the cane juice is treated in making sugar; especially, the last boiler of the series. Ure. Teacher Teach"er (?), n. 1. One who teaches or instructs; one whose business or occupation is to instruct others; an instructor; a tutor. 2. One who instructs others in religion; a preacher; a minister of the gospel; sometimes, one who preaches without regular ordination. The teachers in all the churches assembled. Sir W. Raleigh. Teaching Teach"ing, n. The act or business of instructing; also, that which is taught; instruction. Syn. -- Education; instruction; breeding. See Education. Teachless Teach"less, a. Not teachable. [R.] Shelley. Teacup Tea"cup` (?), n. A small cup from which to drink tea. Teacupful Tea"cup`ful (?), n.; pl. Teacupfuls (. As much as a teacup can hold; enough to fill a teacup. Tead, Teade Tead, Teade (?), n. [L. taeda, teda.] A torch. [Obs.] "A burning teade." Spenser. Teagle Tea"gle (?), n. [Cf. Tackle.] A hoisting apparatus; an elevator; a crane; a lift. [Prov. Eng.] Teague Teague (?), n. [Cf. W. taeog, taeawg, adj., rustic, rude, n., a vassal, villain, pleasant, clown, Ir. th rural, boorish.] An Irishman; -- a term used in contempt. Johnson. Teak Teak (?), n. [Malayalm tekku.] (Bot.) A tree of East Indies (Tectona grandis) which furnishes an extremely strong and durable timber highly valued for shipbuilding and other purposes; also, the timber of the tree. [Written also teek.] African teak, a tree (Oldfieldia Africana) of Sierra Leone; also, its very heavy and durable wood; -- called also African oak. -- New Zeland teak, a large tree (Vitex littoralis) of New Zeland; also, its hard, durable timber. Teakettle Tea"ket`tle (?), n. A kettle in which water is boiled for making tea, coffee, etc. Teal Teal (?), n. [OE. tele; akin to D. teling a generation, production, teal, telen to breed, produce, and E. till to cultivate. The English word probably once meant, a brood or flock. See Till to cultivate.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small fresh-water ducks of the genus Anas and the subgenera Querquedula and Nettion. The male is handsomely colored, and has a bright green or blue speculum on the wings. NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon Eu ropean te al (A nas cr ecca) an d th e European blue-winged teal, or garganey (A. querquedula or A. circia), are well-known species. In America the blue-winged teal (A. discors), the green-winged teal (A. Carolinensis), and the cinnamon teal (A. cynaoptera) are common species, valued as game birds. See Garganey. Goose teal, a goslet. See Goslet. -- Teal duck, the common European teal. Team Team (?), n. [OE. tem, team, AS. te\'a0m, offspring, progeny, race of descendants, family; akin to D. toom a bridle, LG. toom progeny, team, bridle, G. zaum a bridle, zeugen to beget, Icel. taumr to rein, bridle, Dan. t\'94mme, Sw. t\'94m, and also to E. tow to drag, tug to draw. \'fb64. See Tug, and cf. Teem to bear.] 1. A group of young animals, especially of young ducks; a brood; a litter. A team of ducklings about her. Holland. 2. Hence, a number of animals moving together. A long team of snowy swans on high. Dryden. 3. Two or more horses, oxen, or other beasts harnessed to the same vehicle for drawing, as to a coach, wagon, sled, or the like. "A team of dolphins." Spenser. To take his team and till the earth. Piers Plowman. It happened almost every day that coaches stuck fast, until a team of cattle could be procured from some neighboring farm to tug them out of the slough. Macaulay. 4. A number of persons associated together in any work; a gang; especially, a number of persons selected to contend on one side in a match, or a series of matches, in a cricket, football, rowing, etc. 5. (Zo\'94l.) A flock of wild ducks. 6. (O. Eng. Law) A royalty or privilege granted by royal charter to a lord of a manor, of having, keeping, and judging in his court, his bondmen, neifes, and villains, and their offspring, or suit, that is, goods and chattels, and appurtenances thereto. Burrill. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1479 Team Team (?), v. i. To engage in the occupation of driving a team of horses, cattle, or the like, as in conveying or hauling lumber, goods, etc.; to be a teamster. <-- team up, to form one or more teams, either for a common endeavor, or to compete in a contest. --> Team Team, v. t. To convey or haul with a team; as, to team lumber. [R.] Thoreau. Teamed Teamed (?), a. Yoked in, or as in, a team. [Obs.] Let their teamed fishes softly swim. Spenser. Teaming Team"ing (?), n. 1. The act or occupation of driving a team, or of hauling or carrying, as logs, goods, or the like, with a team. 2. (Manuf.) Contract work. [R.] Knight. Teamster Team"ster (?), n. One who drives a team. Teamwork Team"work` (?), n. Work done by a team, as distinguished from that done by personal labor. Teapot Tea"pot` (?), n. A vessel with a spout, in which tea is made, and from which it is poured into teacups. Teapoy Tea"poy (?), n. [Hind. tip\'bei; Hind. tin there + Per. p\'bee foot.] An ornamental stand, usually with three legs, having caddies for holding tea. Tear Tear (?), n. [AS. te\'a0r; akin to G. z\'84rhe, OHG. zahar, OFries. & Icel. t\'ber, Sw. t\'86r, Dan. taare, Goth. tagr, OIr. d\'c7r, W. dagr, OW. dacr, L. lacrima, lacruma, for older dacruma, Gr. Lachrymose.] 1. (Physiol.) A drop of the limpid, saline fluid secreted, normally in small amount, by the lachrymal gland, and diffused between the eye and the eyelids to moisten the parts and facilitate their motion. Ordinarily the secretion passes through the lachrymal duct into the nose, but when it is increased by emotion or other causes, it overflows the lids. And yet for thee ne wept she never a tear. Chaucer. 2. Something in the form of a transparent drop of fluid matter; also, a solid, transparent, tear-shaped drop, as of some balsams or resins. Let Araby extol her happy coast, Her fragrant flowers, her trees with precious tears. Dryden. 3. That which causes or accompanies tears; a lament; a dirge. [R.] "Some melodous tear." Milton. NOTE: &hand; Te ar is so metimes us ed in th e fo rmation of self-explaining compounds; as, tear-distilling, tear-drop, tear-filled, tear-stained, and the like. Tear Tear (?), v. t. [imp. Tore (?), ((Obs. Tare) (; p. p. Torn (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tearing.] [OE. teren, AS. teran; akin to OS. farterian to destroy, D. teren to consume, G. zerren to pull, to tear, zehren to consume, Icel. t\'91ra, Goth. gata\'a1ran to destroy, Lith. dirti to flay, Russ. drate to pull, to tear, Gr. dar to burst. \'fb63. Cf. Darn, Epidermis, Tarre, Tirade.] 1. To separate by violence; to pull apart by force; to rend; to lacerate; as, to tear cloth; to tear a garment; to tear the skin or flesh. Tear him to pieces; he's a conspirator. Shak. 2. Hence, to divide by violent measures; to disrupt; to rend; as, a party or government torn by factions. 3. To rend away; to force away; to remove by force; to sunder; as, a child torn from its home. The hand of fate Hath torn thee from me. Addison. 4. To pull with violence; as, to tear the hair. 5. To move violently; to agitate. "Once I loved torn ocean's roar." Byron. To tear a cat, to rant violently; to rave; -- especially applied to theatrical ranting. [Obs.] Shak. -- To tear down, to demolish violently; to pull or pluck down. -- To tear off, to pull off by violence; to strip. -- To tear out, to pull or draw out by violence; as, to tear out the eyes. -- To tear up, to rip up; to remove from a fixed state by violence; as, to tear up a floor; to tear up the foundation of government or order.<-- tear sheet, (a) a sheet usu. with performations, intended to be torn from a book or booklet to be used for some purpose. (b) any sheet torn from a publication. --> Tear Tear (?), v. i. 1. To divide or separate on being pulled; to be rent; as, this cloth tears easily. 2. To move and act with turbulent violence; to rush with violence; hence, to rage; to rave. Tear Tear (?), n. The act of tearing, or the state of being torn; a rent; a fissure. Macaulay. Wear and tear. See under Wear, n. Tearer Tear"er (?), n. One who tears or rends anything; also, one who rages or raves with violence. Tear-falling Tear"-fall`ing (?), a. Shedding tears; tender. [Poetic] "Tear-falling pity." Shak. Tearful Tear"ful (?), a. Abounding with tears; weeping; shedding tears; as, tearful eyes. -- Tear"ful*ly, adv. -- Tear"ful*ness, n. Tearless Tear"less, a. Shedding no tears; free from tears; unfeeling. -- Tear"less*ly, adv. -- Tear"less*ness, n. Tearpit Tear"pit` (?), n. (Anat.) A cavity or pouch beneath the lower eyelid of most deer and antelope; the lachrymal sinus; larmier. It is capable of being opened at pleasure and secretes a waxy substance. Tear-thumb Tear"-thumb` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several species of plants of the genus Polygonum, having angular stems beset with minute reflexed prickles. Teary Tear"y (?), a. 1. Wet with tears; tearful. 2. Consisting of tears, or drops like tears. Tea-saucer Tea"-sau`cer (?), n. A small saucer in which a teacup is set. Tease Tease (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Teased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teasing.] [AS. t to pluck, tease; akin to OD. teesen, MHG. zeisen, Dan. t\'91se, t\'91sse. \'fb58. Cf. Touse.] 1. To comb or card, as wool or flax. "Teasing matted wool." Wordsworth. 2. To stratch, as cloth, for the purpose of raising a nap; teasel. 3. (Anat.) To tear or separate into minute shreds, as with needles or similar instruments. 4. To vex with importunity or impertinence; to harass, annoy, disturb, or irritate by petty requests, or by jests and raillery; to plague. Cowper. He . . . suffered them to tease him into acts directly opposed to his strongest inclinations. Macaulay. Syn. -- To vex; harass: annoy; disturb; irritate; plague; torment; mortify; tantalize; chagrin. -- Tease, Vex. To tease is literally to pull or scratch, and implies a prolonged annoyance in respect to little things, which is often more irritating, and harder to bear, than severe pain. Vex meant originally to seize and bear away hither and thither, and hence, to disturb; as, to vex the ocean with storms. This sense of the term now rarely occurs; but vex is still a stronger word than tease, denoting the disturbance or anger created by minor provocations, losses, disappointments, etc. We are teased by the buzzing of a fly in our eyes; we are vexed by the carelessness or stupidity of our servants. Not by the force of carnal reason, But indefatigable teasing. Hudibras. In disappointments, where the affections have been strongly placed, and the expectations sanguine, particularly where the agency of others is concerned, sorrow may degenerate into vexation and chagrin. Cogan. Tease tenon (Joinery), a long tenon at the top of a post to receive two beams crossing each other one above the other. Tease Tease (?), n. One who teases or plagues. [Colloq.] Teasel Tea"sel (?), n. [OE. tesel, AS. t, t, the fuller's herb. See Tease.] [Written also tassel, tazel, teasle, teazel, and teazle.] 1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Dipsacus, of which one species (D. fullonum) bears a large flower head covered with stiff, prickly, hooked bracts. This flower head, when dried, is used for raising a nap on woolen cloth. NOTE: &hand; Sm all te asel is Dipsacus pilosus, wild teasel is D. sylvestris. 2. A bur of this plant. 3. Any contrivance intended as a substitute for teasels in dressing cloth. Teasel frame, a frame or set of iron bars in which teasel heads are fixed for raising the nap on woolen cloth. Teasel Tea"sel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Teaseled (?) or Teaselled; p. pr. & vb. n. Teaseling or Teaselling.] To subject, as woolen cloth, to the action of teasels, or any substitute for them which has an effect to raise a nap. Teaseler Tea"sel*er (?), n. One who uses teasels for raising a nap on cloth. [Written also teaseller, teasler.] Teaseling Tea"sel*ing, n. The cutting and gathering of teasels; the use of teasels. [Written also teaselling, teazling.] Teaser Teas"er (?), n. 1. One who teases or vexes. 2. (Zo\'94l.) A jager gull. [Prov. Eng.] Teasle Tea"sle (?), n. & v. t. See Teasel. Teaspoon Tea"spoon` (?), n. A small spoon used in stirring and sipping tea, coffee, etc., and for other purposes. Teaspoonful Tea"spoon`ful (?), n.; pl. Teaspoonfuls (. As much as teaspoon will hold; enough to fill a teaspoon; -- usually reckoned at a fluid dram or one quarter of a tablespoonful. Teat Teat (?), n. [OE. tete, titte, AS. tit, titt; akin to LG. & OD. titte, D. tet, G. zitze: cf. F. tette, probably of Teutonic origin.] 1. The protuberance through which milk is drawn from the udder or breast of a mammal; a nipple; a pap; a mammilla; a dug; a tit. 2. (Mach.) A small protuberance or nozzle resembling the teat of an animal. Teated Teat"ed, a. Having protuberances resembling the teat of an animal. Teathe Teathe (?), n. & v. See Tath. [Prov. Eng.] Teatish Teat"ish (?), a. Peevish; tettish; fretful; -- said of a child. See Tettish. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Teaze-hole Teaze"-hole` (?), n. [Corrupted fr. F. tisard fire door.] (Glass Works) The opening in the furnaces through which fuel is introduced. Teazel Tea"zel (?), n. & v. t. See Teasel. Teazer Tea"zer (?), n. [Corrupted fr. F. tiser to feed a fire.] The stoker or fireman of a furnace, as in glass works. Tomlinson. Teazle Tea"zle (?), n. & v. t. See Teasel. Tebeth Te"beth (?), n. [Heb.] The tenth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to a part of December with a part of January. Esther ii. 16. Techily Tech"i*ly (?), adv. In a techy manner. Techiness Tech"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being techy. Technic Tech"nic (?), a. Technical. Technic Tech"nic, n. [See Technical, a.] 1. The method of performance in any art; technical skill; artistic execution; technique. They illustrate the method of nature, not the technic of a manlike Artificer. Tyndall. 2. pl. Technical terms or objects; things pertaining to the practice of an art or science. Technical Tech"nic*al (?), a. [Gr. text: cf. F. technique.] Of or pertaining to the useful or mechanic arts, or to any science, business, or the like; specially appropriate to any art, science, or business; as, the words of an indictment must be technical. Blackstone. Technicality Tech`ni*cal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Technicalities (. 1. The quality or state of being technical; technicalness. 2. That which is technical, or peculiar to any trade, profession, sect, or the like. The technicalities of the sect. Palfrey. Technically Tech"nic*al*ly (?), adv. In a technical manner; according to the signification of terms as used in any art, business, or profession. Technicalness Tech"nic*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being technical; technicality. Technicals Tech"nic*als (?), n. pl. Those things which pertain to the practical part of an art, science, or profession; technical terms; technics. Technicist Tech"ni*cist (?), n. One skilled to technics or in one or more of the practical arts. Technicological Tech`ni*co*log"ic*al (?), a. Technological; technical. [R.] Dr. J. Scott. Technicology Tech`ni*col"o*gy (?), n. Technology. [R.] Technics Tech"nics (?), n. The doctrine of arts in general; such branches of learning as respect the arts. Technique Tech`nique" (?), n. [F.] Same as Technic, n. Technism Tech"nism (?), n. Technicality. Technologic Tech`no*log"ic (?), a. Technological. Technological Tech`no*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. technologique.] Of or pertaining to technology. Technologist Tech*nol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in technology; one who treats of arts, or of the terms of arts. Technology Tech*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy; cf. Gr. technologie.] Industrial science; the science of systematic knowledge of the industrial arts, especially of the more important manufactures, as spinning, weaving, metallurgy, etc. NOTE: &hand; Technology is not an independent science, having a set of doctrines of its own, but consists of applications of the principles established in the various physical sciences (chemistry, mechanics, mineralogy, etc.) to manufacturing processes. Internat. Cyc. Techy Tech"y (?), a. [From OE. tecche, tache, a habit, bad habit, vice, OF. tache, teche, a spot, stain, blemish, habit, vice, F. tache a spot, blemish; probably akin to E. tack a small nail. See Tack a small nail, and cf. Touchy.] Peevish; fretful; irritable. Tectibranch Tec`ti*branch (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tectibranchiata. Also used adjectively. Tectibranchia Tec`ti*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] Same as Tectibranchiata. Tectibranchiata Tec`ti*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. tectus (p.p. of tegere to cover) + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order, or suborder, of gastropod Mollusca in which the gills are usually situated on one side of the back, and protected by a fold of the mantle. When there is a shell, it is usually thin and delicate and often rudimentary. The aplysias and the bubble shells are examples. Tectibranchiate Tec`ti*bran"chi*ate (?), a. [L. tectus (p.p. of tegere to cover) + E. branchiate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the gills covered by the mantle; of or pertaining to the Tectibranchiata. -- n. A tectibranchiate mollusk. Tectly Tect"ly (?), adv. [L. tectus covered, fr. tegere to cover.] Covertly; privately; secretly. [Obs.] Holinshed. Tectology Tec*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] (Biol.) A division of morphology created by Haeckel; the science of organic individuality constituting the purely structural portion of morphology, in which the organism is regarded as composed of organic individuals of different orders, each organ being considered an individual. See Promorphology, and Morphon. Tectonic Tec*ton"ic (?), a. [L. tectonicus, Gr. Of or pertaining to building or construction; architectural. Tectonics Tec*ton"ics (?), n. The science, or the art, by which implements, vessels, dwellings, or other edifices, are constructed, both agreeably to the end for which they are designed, and in conformity with artistic sentiments and ideas. Tectorial Tec*to"ri*al (?), a. [L. tectorius.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to covering; -- applied to a membrane immediately over the organ of Corti in the internal ear. Tectrices Tec"tri*ces (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. tegere, tectum, to cover.] (Zo\'94l.) The wing coverts of a bird. See Covert, and Illust. of Bird. Tecum Te"cum (?), n. (Bot.) See Tucum. Ted Ted (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tedded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tedding.] [Prob. fr. Icel. te to spread manure, fr. ta manure; akin to MHG. zetten to scatter, spread. \'fb58. Cf. Teathe.] To spread, or turn from the swath, and scatter for drying, as new-mowed grass; -- chiefly used in the past participle. The smell of grain or tedded grass. Milton. The tedded hay and corn sheaved in one field. Coleridge. Tedder Ted"der (?), n. A machine for stirring and spreading hay, to expedite its drying. Tedder Ted"der, n. [OE. \'fb64. See Tether.] Same as Tether. Tedder Ted"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Teddered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teddering.] Same as Tether. Te Deum Te` De"um (?). [L., from te (accus. of tu thou) + Deum, accus. of Deus God. See Thou, and Deity.] 1. An ancient and celebrated Christian hymn, of uncertain authorship, but often ascribed to St. Ambrose; -- so called from the first words "Te Deum laudamus." It forms part of the daily matins of the Roman Catholic breviary, and is sung on all occasions of thanksgiving. In its English form, commencing with words, "We praise thee, O God," it forms a part of the regular morning service of the Church of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church in America. 2. A religious service in which the singing of the hymn forms a principal part. Tedge Tedge (?), n. (Founding) The gate of a mold, through which the melted metal is poured; runner, geat. Tediosity Te`di*os"i*ty (?), n. Tediousness. [Obs.] Tedious Te"di*ous (?), a. [L. taediosus, fr. taedium. See Tedium.] Involving tedium; tiresome from continuance, prolixity, slowness, or the like; wearisome. -- Te"di*ous*ly, adv. -- Te"di*ous*ness, n. I see a man's life is a tedious one. Shak. I would not be tedious to the court. Bunyan. Syn. -- Wearisome; fatiguing. See Irksome. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1480 Tedium Te"di*um (?), n. [L. taedium, fr. taedet it disgusts, it wearies one.] Irksomeness; wearisomeness; tediousness. [Written also t\'91dium.] Cowper. To relieve the tedium, he kept plying them with all manner of bams. Prof. Wilson. The tedium of his office reminded him more strongly of the willing scholar, and his thoughts were rambling. Dickens. Tee Tee (?), n. [Cf. Icel. tj\'be to show, mark.] (a) The mark aimed at in curling and in quoits. (b) The nodule of earth <-- or short peg stuck into the ground --> from which the ball is struck in golf. Tee Tee, n. A short piece of pipe having a lateral outlet, used to connect a line of pipe with a pipe at a right angle with the line; -- so called because it resembles the letter T in shape. Tee iron Tee" i`ron (?). See T iron, under T. Teek Teek (?), n. (Bot.) See Teak. [Obs.] Teel Teel (?), n. Sesame. [Sometimes written til.] Teel oil, sesame oil. Teelseed Teel"seed` (?), n. The seed of sesame. Teem Teem (?), v. t. [Icel. t\'91ma to empty, from t\'d3mr empty; akin to Dan. t\'94mme to empty, Sw. t\'94mma. See Toom to empty.] 1. To pour; -- commonly followed by out; as, to teem out ale. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Swift. 2. (Steel Manuf.) To pour, as steel, from a melting pot; to fill, as a mold, with molten metal. Teem Teem, v. t. [See Tame, a., and cf. Beteem.] To think fit. [Obs. or R.] G. Gifford. Teem Teem, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Teemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teeming.] [OE. temen, AS. t\'c7man, t, from te\'a0m. See Team.] 1. To bring forth young, as an animal; to produce fruit, as a plant; to bear; to be pregnant; to conceive; to multiply. If she must teem, Create her child of spleen. Shak. 2. To be full, or ready to bring forth; to be stocked to overflowing; to be prolific; to abound. His mind teeming with schemes of future deceit to cover former villainy. Sir W. Scott. The young, brimful of the hopes and feeling which teem in our time. F. Harrison. Teem Teem, v. t. To produce; to bring forth. [R.] That [grief] of an hour's age doth hiss the speaker; Each minute teems a new one. Shak. Teemer Teem"er (?), n. One who teems, or brings forth. Teemful Teem"ful (?), a. 1. Pregnant; prolific. [Obs.] 2. Brimful. [Obs.] Ainsworth. Teeming Teem"ing, a. Prolific; productive. Teeming buds and cheerful appear. Dryden. Teemless Teem"less, a. Not fruitful or prolific; barren; as, a teemless earth. [Poetic] Dryden. Teen Teen (?), n. [OE. tene, AS. te\'a2na reproach, wrong, fr. te\'a2n to accuse; akin to G. zeihen, Goth. gateihan to tell, announce, L. dicere to say. See Token.] Grief; sorrow; affiction; pain. [Archaic] Chaucer. Spenser. With public toil and private teen Thou sank'st alone. M. Arnold. Teen Teen, v. t. [AS. te\'a2nian, t, to slander, vex. \'fb64. See Teen, n.] To excite; to provoke; to vex; to affict; to injure. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Teen Teen, v. t. [See Tine to shut.] To hedge or fence in; to inclose. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Teenage Teen"age (?), n. The longer wood for making or mending fences. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Teend Teend (?), v. t. & i. [See Tinder.] To kindle; to burn. [Obs.] Herrick. Teenful Teen"ful (?), a. Full of teen; harmful; grievous; grieving; afflicted. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Teens Teens (?), n. pl. [See Ten.] The years of one's age having the termination -teen, beginning with thirteen and ending with nineteen; as, a girl in her teens. Teeny Tee"ny (?), a. Very small; tiny. [Colloq.] Teeny Teen"y (?), a. [See Teen grief.] Fretful; peevish; pettish; cross. [Prov. Eng.] Teeong Tee*ong" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The mino bird. Teest Teest (?), n. A tinsmith's stake, or small anvil. Teetan Tee"tan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A pipit. [Prov. Eng.] Teetee Tee"tee (?), n. [Sp. tit\'a1.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small, soft-furred South American monkeys belonging to Callithrix, Chrysothrix, and allied genera; as, the collared teetee (Callithrix torquatus), and the squirrel teetee (Chrysothrix sciurea). Called also pinche, titi, and saimiri. See Squirrel monkey, under Squirrel. 2. (Zo\'94l.) A diving petrel of Australia (Halodroma wrinatrix). Teeter Tee"ter (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Teetered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teetering.] [Prov. E. titter to tremble, to seesaw; cf. Icel. titra to tremble, OHG. zittar\'d3n, G. zittern.] To move up and down on the ends of a balanced plank, or the like, as children do for sport; to seesaw; to titter; to titter-totter. [U. S.] [The bobolink] alit upon the flower, and teetered up and down. H. W. Beecher. Teeter-tail Tee"ter-tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The spotted sandpiper. See the Note under Sandpiper. Teeth Teeth (?), n., pl. of Tooth. Teeth Teeth (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Teethed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Teething.] To breed, or grow, teeth. Teething Teeth"ing (?), n. The process of the first growth of teeth, or the phenomena attending their issue through the gums; dentition. Teetotal Tee*to"tal (?), a. Entire; total. [Colloq.] Teetotaler Tee*to"tal*er (?), n. One pledged to entire abstinence from all intoxicating drinks. Teetotalism Tee*to"tal*ism (?), n. The principle or practice of entire abstinence, esp. from intoxicating drinks. Teetotally Tee*to"tal*ly (?), adv. Entirely; totally. [Colloq.] Teetotum Tee*to"tum (?), n. [For T-totum. It was used for playing games of chance, and was four-sided, one side having the letter T on it, standing for Latin totum all, meaning, take all that is staked, whence the name. The other three sides each had a letter indicating an English or Latin word; as P meaning put down, N nothing or L. nil, H half. See Total.] A child's toy, somewhat resembling a top, and twirled by the fingers. The staggerings of the gentleman . . . were like those of a teetotum nearly spent. Dickens. Teetuck Tee"tuck (?), n. The rock pipit. [Prov. Eng.] Teeuck Tee"uck (?), n. The lapwing. [Prov. Eng.] Teewit Tee"wit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pewit. [Prov. Eng.] Teg Teg (?), n. A sheep in its second year; also, a doe in its second year. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Tegmen Teg"men (?), n.; pl. Tegmina (#). [L., fr. tegere, tectum, to cover.] 1. A tegument or covering. 2. (Bot.) The inner layer of the coating of a seed, usually thin and delicate; the endopleura. 3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the elytra of an insect, especially of certain Orthoptera. 4. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tectrices. Tegmental Teg*men"tal (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to a tegument or tegmentum; as, the tegmental layer of the epiblast; the tegmental cells of the taste buds. Tegmentum Teg*men"tum (?), n.; pl. Tegmenta (#). [L., a covering.] (Anat.) A covering; -- applied especially to the bundles of longitudinal fibers in the upper part of the crura of the cerebrum. Teguexin Te*guex"in (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large South American lizard (Tejus teguexin). It becomes three or four feet long, and is blackish above, marked with yellowish spots of various sizes. It feeds upon fruits, insects, reptiles, young birds, and birds' eggs. The closely allied species Tejus rufescens is called red teguexin. Tegula Teg"u*la (?), n.; pl. Tegul\'91 (#). [L., a tile, dim. fr. tegere to cover.] (Zo\'94l.) A small appendage situated above the base of the wings of Hymenoptera and attached to the mesonotum. Tegular Teg"u*lar (?), a. [LL. tegularis, from L. tegula a tile. See Tile.] Of or pertaining to a tile; resembling a tile, or arranged like tiles; consisting of tiles; as, a tegular pavement. -- Teg"u*lar*ly, adv. Tegulated Teg`u*la"ted (?), a. Composed of small plates, as of horn or metal, overlapping like tiles; -- said of a kind of ancient armor. Fairholt. Tegument Teg"u*ment (?), n. [L. tegumentum, from tegere to cover. See Thatch, n., and cf. Detect, Protect.] 1. A cover or covering; an integument. 2. Especially, the covering of a living body, or of some part or organ of such a body; skin; hide. Tegumentary Teg`u*men"ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82gumentaire.] Of or pertaining to a tegument or teguments; consisting of teguments; serving as a tegument or covering. Te-hee Te-hee" (?), n. & interj. A tittering laugh; a titter. "'Te-hee,' quoth she." Chaucer. Te-hee Te-hee", v. i. To titter; to laugh derisively. She cried, "Come, come; you must not look grave upon me." Upon this, I te-heed. Madame D'Arblay. Teil Teil (?), n. [OF. teil, til, L. tilia.] (Bot.) The lime tree, or linden; -- called also teil tree. Teind Teind (?), n. [Cf. Icel. t\'c6und. See Tithe.] A tithe. [Scot.] Jamieson. Teine Teine (?), n. See Teyne. [Obs.] Chaucer. Teinland Tein"land (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) Land granted by the crown to a thane or lord. Burrill. Teinoscope Tei"no*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Physics) An instrument formed by combining prisms so as to correct the chromatic aberration of the light while linear dimensions of objects seen through the prisms are increased or diminished; -- called also prism telescope. Sir D. Brewster. Teint Teint (?), n. [F. teint, teinte. See Tint.] Tint; color; tinge, See Tint. [Obs.] Time shall . . . embrown the teint. Dryden. Teinture Tein"ture (?), n. [F. See Tincture.] Color; tinge; tincture. [Obs.] Holland. Tek Tek (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A Siberian ibex. Telamones Tel`a*mo"nes (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of telamo or telamon, Gr. (Arch.) Same as Atlantes. Telangiectasis Tel*an`gi*ec"ta*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Dilatation of the capillary vessels. Telangiectasy Tel*an`gi*ec"ta*sy (?), n. (Med.) Telangiectasis. Telarly Te"lar*ly (?), adv. In a weblike manner. [Obs.] "Telarly interwoven." Sir T. Browne. Telary Te"la*ry (?), a. [LL. telaris, fr. L. tela a web. See Toil a snare.] Of or pertaining to a web; hence, spinning webs; retiary. "Pictures of telary spiders." Sir T. Browne. Teledu Tel"e*du (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian carnivore (Mydaus meliceps) allied to the badger, and noted for the very offensive odor that it emits, somewhat resembling that of a skunk. It is a native of the high mountains of Java and Sumatra, and has long, silky fur. Called also stinking badger, and stinkard. Telegram Tel"e*gram (?), n. [Gr. -gram.] A message sent by telegraph; a telegraphic dispatch. NOTE: &hand; "A fr iend desires us to give notice that he will ask leave, at some convenient time, to introduce a new word into the vocabulary. It is telegram, instead of telegraphic dispatch, or telegraphic communication." Albany [N. Y.] Evening Journal (April 6, 1852). Telegrammic Tel`e*gram*mic (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a telegram; laconic; concise; brief. [R.] Telegraph Tel"e*graph (?), n. [Gr. toli) + -graph: cf. F. t\'82l\'82graphe. See Graphic.] An apparatus, or a process, for communicating intelligence rapidly between distant points, especially by means of preconcerted visible or audible signals representing words or ideas, or by means of words and signs, transmitted by electrical action. NOTE: &hand; Th e in struments us ed ar e cl assed as in dicator, type-printing, symbol-printing, or chemical-printing telegraphs, according as the intelligence is given by the movements of a pointer or indicator, as in Cooke & Wheatstone's (the form commonly used in England), or by impressing, on a fillet of paper, letters from types, as in House's and Hughe's, or dots and marks from a sharp point moved by a magnet, as in Morse's, or symbols produced by electro-chemical action, as in Bain's. In the offices in the United States the recording instrument is now little used, the receiving operator reading by ear the combinations of long and short intervals of sound produced by the armature of an electro-magnet as it is put in motion by the opening and breaking of the circuit, which motion, in registering instruments, traces upon a ribbon of paper the lines and dots used to represent the letters of the alphabet. See Illustration in Appendix. Acoustic telegraph. See under Acoustic. -- Dial telegraph, a telegraph in which letters of the alphabet and numbers or other symbols are placed upon the border of a circular dial plate at each station, the apparatus being so arranged that the needle or index of the dial at the receiving station accurately copies the movements of that at the sending station. -- Electric telegraph, OR Electro-magnetic telegraph, a telegraph in which an operator at one station causes words or signs to be made at another by means of a current of electricity, generated by a battery and transmitted over an intervening wire. -- Facsimile telegraph. See under Facsimile. -- Indicator telegraph. See under Indicator. -- Pan-telegraph, an electric telegraph by means of which a drawing or writing, as an autographic message, may be exactly reproduced at a distant station. -- Printing telegraph, an electric telegraph which automatically prints the message as it is received at a distant station, in letters, not signs. -- Signal telegraph, a telegraph in which preconcerted signals, made by a machine, or otherwise, at one station, are seen or heard and interpreted at another; a semaphore. -- Submarine telegraph cable, a telegraph cable laid under water to connect stations separated by a body of water. -- Telegraph cable, a telegraphic cable consisting of several conducting wires, inclosed by an insulating and protecting material, so as to bring the wires into compact compass for use on poles, or to form a strong cable impervious to water, to be laid under ground, as in a town or city, or under water, as in the ocean. -- Telegraph plant (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Desmodium gyrans) native of the East Indies. The leaflets move up and down like the signals of a semaphore. Telegraph Tel"e*graph (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Telegraphed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Telegraphing (?).] [F. t\'82l\'82graphier.] To convey or announce by telegraph. Telegrapher Te*leg"ra*pher (?), n. One who sends telegraphic messages; a telegraphic operator; a telegraphist. Telegraphic Tel`e*graph"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82l\'82graphique.] Of or pertaining to the telegraph; made or communicated by a telegraph; as, telegraphic signals; telegraphic art; telegraphic intelligence. Telegraphical Tel`e*graph"ic*al (?), a. Telegraphic. -- Tel`e*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. Telegraphist Te*leg"ra*phist (?), n. One skilled in telegraphy; a telegrapher. Telegraphy Te*leg"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. t\'82l\'82graphie.] The science or art of constructing, or of communicating by means of, telegraphs; as, submarine telegraphy. Telemeter Te*lem"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument used for measuring the distance of an object from an observer; as, a telescope with a micrometer for measuring the apparent diameter of an object whose real dimensions are known. <-- A measuring instrument which sends the information obtained from its sensors by radio to a base station. Such instruments are used for measuring conditions in space or in other locations difficult of access for humans observers, or merely to allow one observer to monitor conditions in many places simultaneaously. Telemetry. The science or process of making remote measurements and sending the data by radio. --> Teleocephial Te`le*o*ceph"i*al (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive order of bony fishes including most of the common market species, as bass, salmon, cod, perch, etc. Teleological Te`le*o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82l\'82ologique.] (Biol.) Of or pertaining to teleology, or the doctrine of design. -- Te`le*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv. Teleologist Te`le*ol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One versed in teleology. Teleology Te`le*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. teleos, the end or issue + -logy: cf. F. t\'82l\'82ologie.] The doctrine of the final causes of things; specif. (Biol.), the doctrine of design, which assumes that the phenomena of organic life, particularly those of evolution, are explicable only by purposive causes, and that they in no way admit of a mechanical explanation or one based entirely on biological science; the doctrine of adaptation to purpose. Teleophore Te"le*o*phore` (?), n. [Gr. teleos complete + (Zo\'94l.) Same as Gonotheca. Teleorganic Te`le*or*gan"ic (?), a. [Gr. teleos complete + E. organic.] (Physiol.) Vital; as, teleorganic functions. Teleosaur Te`le*o*saur" (?), n. (Paleon.) Any one of several species of fossil suarians belonging to Teleosaurus and allied genera. These reptiles are related to the crocodiles, but have biconcave vertebr\'91. Teleosaurus Te`le*o*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct crocodilian reptiles of the Jurassic period, having a long and slender snout. Teleost Te"le*ost (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Teleosti. Also used adjectively. Teleostean Te`le*os"te*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the teleosts. -- n. A teleostean fish. Teleostei Te`le*os"te*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of fishes including all the ordinary bony fishes as distinguished from the ganoids. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1481 Teleostomi Te"le*os`to*mi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of fishes including the ordinary fishes (Teleostei) and the ganoids. Teleozoic Te`le*o*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having tissued composed of cells. Teleozo\'94n Te*le*o*zo"\'94n (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A metazoan. Telepathy Te*lep"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. The sympathetic affection of one mind by the thoughts, feelings, or emotions of another at a distance, without communication through the ordinary channels of sensation. -- Tel`e*path"ic, a. -- Te*lep"a*thist, n. Telepheme Tel"e*pheme (?), n. [Gr. A message by a telephone. [Recent] Telephone Tel"e*phone (?), n. [Gr. (Physics) An instrument for reproducing sounds, especially articulate speech, at a distance. NOTE: &hand; Th e or dinary te lephone co nsists es sentially of a device by which currents of electricity, produced by sounds through the agency of certain mechanical devices and exactly corresponding in duration and intensity to the vibrations of the air which attend them, are transmitted to a distant station, and there, acting on suitable mechanism, reproduce similar sounds by repeating the vibrations. The necessary variations in the electrical currents are usually produced by means of a microphone attached to a thin diaphragm upon which the voice acts, and are intensified by means of an induction coil. In the magnetic telephone, or magneto-telephone, the diaphragm is of soft iron placed close to the pole of a magnet upon which is wound a coil of fine wire, and its vibrations produce corresponding vibrable currents in the wire by induction. The mechanical, or string, telephone is a device in which the voice or sound causes vibrations in a thin diaphragm, which are directly transmitted along a wire or string connecting it to a similar diaphragm at the remote station, thus reproducing the sound. It does not employ electricity. Telephone Tel"e*phone, v. t. To convey or announce by telephone. Telephonic Tel`e*phon"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82l\'82phonique. See Telephone.] 1. Conveying sound to a great distance. 2. Of or pertaining to the telephone; by the telephone. Telephonically Tel`e*phon"ic*al*ly (?), adv. By telephonic means or processes; by the use of the telephone. Telephony Te*leph"o*ny (?), n. The art or process of reproducing sounds at a distance, as with the telephone. Telepolariscope Tel`e*po*lar"i*scope (?), n. [Gr. polariscope.] (Opt.) A polariscope arranged to be attached to a telescope. Lockyer. Telerythin Tel`e*ryth"in (?), n. [Gr. erythrin.] (Chem.) A red crystalline compound related to, or produced from, erythrin. So called because regarded as the end of the series of erythrin compounds. Telescope Tel"e*scope (?), n. [Gr. t\'82lescope. See Telegraph, and -scope.] An optical instrument used in viewing distant objects, as the heavenly bodies. NOTE: &hand; A te lescope as sists th e ey e ch iefly in two ways; first, by enlarging the visual angle under which a distant object is seen, and thus magnifying that object; and, secondly, by collecting, and conveying to the eye, a larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ, thus rendering objects distinct and visible which would otherwise be indistinct and or invisible. Its essential parts are the object glass, or concave mirror, which collects the beam of light, and forms an image of the object, and the eyeglass, which is a microscope, by which the image is magnified. Achromatic telescope. See under Achromatic. -- Aplanatic telescope, a telescope having an aplanatic eyepiece. -- Astronomical telescope, a telescope which has a simple eyepiece so constructed or used as not to reverse the image formed by the object glass, and consequently exhibits objects inverted, which is not a hindrance in astronomical observations. -- Cassegrainian telescope, a reflecting telescope invented by Cassegrain, which differs from the Gregorian only in having the secondary speculum convex instead of concave, and placed nearer the large speculum. The Cassegrainian represents objects inverted; the Gregorian, in their natural position. The Melbourne telescope (see Illust. under Reflecting telescope, below) is a Cassegrainian telescope. -- Dialytic telescope. See under Dialytic. Equatorial telescope. See the Note under Equatorial. -- Galilean telescope, a refracting telescope in which the eyeglass is a concave instead of a convex lens, as in the common opera glass. This was the construction originally adopted by Galileo, the inventor of the instrument. It exhibits the objects erect, that is, in their natural positions. -- Gregorian telescope, a form of reflecting telescope. See under Gregorian. -- Herschelian telescope, a reflecting telescope of the form invented by Sir William Herschel, in which only one speculum is employed, by means of which an image of the object is formed near one side of the open end of the tube, and to this the eyeglass is applied directly. -- Newtonian telescope, a form of reflecting telescope. See under Newtonian. -- Photographic telescope, a telescope specially constructed to make photographs of the heavenly bodies. -- Prism telescope. See Teinoscope. -- Reflecting telescope, a telescope in which the image is formed by a speculum or mirror (or usually by two speculums, a large one at the lower end of the telescope, and the smaller one near the open end) instead of an object glass. See Gregorian, Cassegrainian, Herschelian, AND Newtonian, telescopes, above. -- Refracting telescope, a telescope in which the image is formed by refraction through an object glass. -- Telescope carp (Zo\'94l.), the telescope fish. -- Telescope fish (Zo\'94l.), a monstrous variety of the goldfish having very protuberant eyes. -- Telescope fly (Zo\'94l.), any two-winged fly of the genus Diopsis, native of Africa and Asia. The telescope flies are remarkable for having the eyes raised on very long stalks. -- Telescope shell (Zo\'94l.), an elongated gastropod (Cerithium telescopium) having numerous flattened whorls. -- Telescope sight (Firearms), a slender telescope attached to the barrel, having cross wires in the eyepiece and used as a sight. -- Terrestrial telescope, a telescope whose eyepiece has one or two lenses more than the astronomical, for the purpose of inverting the image, and exhibiting objects erect. Telescope Tel"e*scope (?), a. [imp. & p. p. Telescoped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Telescoping (?).] To slide or pass one within another, after the manner of the sections of a small telescope or spyglass; to come into collision, as railway cars, in such a manner that one runs into another. [Recent] Telescope Tel"e*scope, v. t. To cause to come into collision, so as to telescope. [Recent] Telescopic, Telescopical Tel`e*scop"ic (?), Tel`e*scop"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82lescopique.] 1. Of or pertaining to a telescope; performed by a telescope. 2. Seen or discoverable only by a telescope; as, telescopic stars. 3. Able to discern objects at a distance; farseeing; far-reaching; as, a telescopic eye; telescopic vision. 4. Having the power of extension by joints sliding one within another, like the tube of a small telescope or a spyglass; especially (Mach.), constructed of concentric tubes, either stationary, as in the telescopic boiler, or movable, as in the telescopic chimney of a war vessel, which may be put out of sight by being lowered endwise. Telescopically Tel`e*scop"ic*al*ly, adv. In a telescopical manner; by or with the telescope. Telescopist Te*les"co*pist (?), n. One who uses a telescope. R. A. Proctor. Telescopy Te*les"co*py (?), n. The art or practice of using or making telescopes. Telesm Tel"esm (?), n. [Ar. tilism. See Talisman.] A kind of amulet or magical charm. [Obs.] J. Gregory. Telesmatic, Telesmatical Tel`es*mat"ic (?), Tel`es*mat"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to telesms; magical. J. Gregory. Telespectroscope Tel`e*spec"tro*scope (?), n. [Gr. spectroscope.] (Astron.) A spectroscope arranged to be attached to a telescope for observation of distant objects, as the sun or stars. Lockyer. Telestereoscope Tel`e*ste"re*o*scope (?), n. [Gr. stereoscope.] (Opt.) A stereoscope adapted to view distant natural objects or landscapes; a telescopic stereoscope. Telestic Te*les"tic (?), a. [Gr. Tending or relating to a purpose or an end. [R.] Cudworth. Telestich Te*les"tich (?), n. [Gr. A poem in which the final letters of the lines, taken consequently, make a name. Cf. Acrostic. Telethermometer Tel`e*ther*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. thermometer.] (Physics) An apparatus for determining the temperature of a distant point, as by a thermoelectric circuit or otherwise. Teleutospore Te*leu"to*spore (?), n. [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) The thick-celled winter or resting spore of the rusts (order Uredinales), produced in late summer. See Illust. of Uredospore. Telic Tel"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Gram.) Denoting the final end or purpose, as distinguished from ecbatic. See Ecbatic. Gibbs. Tell Tell (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Told (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Telling.] [AS. tellan, from talu tale, number, speech; akin to D. tellen to count, G. z\'84hlen, OHG. zellen to count, tell, say, Icel. telja, Dan. tale to speak, t\'91lle to count. See Tale that which is told.] 1. To mention one by one, or piece by piece; to recount; to enumerate; to reckon; to number; to count; as, to tell money. "An heap of coin he told." Spenser. He telleth the number of the stars. Ps. cxlvii. 4. Tell the joints of the body. Jer. Taylor. 2. To utter or recite in detail; to give an account of; to narrate. Of which I shall tell all the array. Chaucer. And not a man appears to tell their fate. Pope. 3. To make known; to publish; to disclose; to divulge. Why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife? Gen. xii. 18. 4. To give instruction to; to make report to; to acquaint; to teach; to inform. A secret pilgrimage, That you to-day promised to tell me of? Shak. 5. To order; to request; to command. He told her not to be frightened. Dickens. 6. To discern so as to report; to ascertain by observing; to find out; to discover; as, I can not tell where one color ends and the other begins. 7. To make account of; to regard; to reckon; to value; to estimate. [Obs.] I ne told no dainity of her love. Chaucer. NOTE: &hand; Te ll, th ough equivalent in some respect to speak and say, has not always the same application. We say, to tell truth or falsehood, to tell a number, to tell the reasons, to tell something or nothing; but we never say, to tell a speech, discourse, or oration, or to tell an argument or a lesson. It is much used in commands; as, tell me the whole story; tell me all you know. To tell off, to count; to divide. Sir W. Scott. Syn. -- To communicate; impart; reveal; disclose; inform; acquaint; report; repeat; rehearse; recite. Tell Tell, v. i. 1. To give an account; to make report. That I may publish with the voice of thankgiving, and tell of all thy wondrous works. Ps. xxvi. 7. 2. To take effect; to produce a marked effect; as, every shot tells; every expression tells. To tell of. (a) To speak of; to mention; to narrate or describe. (b) To inform against; to disclose some fault of. -- To tell on, to inform against. [Archaic & Colloq.] Lest they should tell on us, saying, So did David. 1 Sam. xxvii. 11. Tell Tell, n. That which is told; tale; account. [R.] I am at the end of my tell. Walpole. Tell Tell, n. [Ar.] A hill or mound. W. M. Thomson. Tellable Tell"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being told. Tellen Tel"len (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Tellina. Teller Tell"er (?), n. 1. One who tells, relates, or communicates; an informer, narrator, or describer. 2. One of four officers of the English Exchequer, formerly appointed to receive moneys due to the king and to pay moneys payable by the king. Cowell. 3. An officer of a bank who receives and counts over money paid in, and pays money out on checks. 4. One who is appointed to count the votes given in a legislative body, public meeting, assembly, etc. Tellership Tell"er*ship, n. The office or employment of a teller. Tellina Tel*li"na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine bivalve mollusks having thin, delicate, and often handsomely colored shells. Telling Tell"ing (?), a. Operating with great effect; effective; as, a telling speech. -- Tell"ing*ly, adv. Telltale Tell"tale` (?), a. Telling tales; babbling. "The telltale heart." Poe. Telltale Tell"tale`, n. 1. One who officiously communicates information of the private concerns of others; one who tells that which prudence should suppress. 2. (Mus.) A movable piece of ivory, lead, or other material, connected with the bellows of an organ, that gives notice, by its position, when the wind is exhausted. 3. (Naut.) (a) A mechanical attachment to the steering wheel, which, in the absence of a tiller, shows the position of the helm. (b) A compass in the cabin of a vessel, usually placed where the captain can see it at all hours, and thus inform himself of the vessel's course. 4. (Mach.) A machine or contrivance for indicating or recording something, particularly for keeping a check upon employees, as factory hands, watchmen, drivers, check takers, and the like, by revealing to their employers what they have done or omitted. 5. (Zo\'94l.) The tattler. See Tattler. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1482 Tellural Tel*lu"ral (?), a. [L. tellus, -uris, the earth.] Of or pertaining to the earth. [R.] Tellurate Tel"lu*rate (?), n. [Cf. F. tellurate. See Tellurium.] (Chem.) A salt of telluric acid. Telluret Tel"lu*ret (?), n. (Chem.) A telluride. [Obsoles.] Tellureted Tel"lu*ret`ed (?), n. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with tellurium; tellurized. [Written also telluretted.] [Obsoles.] Tellureted hydrogen (Chem.), hydrogen telluride, H2Te, a gaseous substance analogous to hydrogen sulphide; -- called also tellurhydric acid. Tellurhydric Tel`lur*hy"dric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen telluride, which is regarded as an acid, especially when in solution. Tellurian Tel*lu"ri*an (?), a. [L. tellus, -uris, the earth.] Of or pertaining to the earth. De Quincey. Tellurian Tel*lu"ri*an, n. 1. A dweller on the earth. De Quincey. 2. An instrument for showing the operation of the causes which produce the succession of day and night, and the changes of the seasons. [Written also tellurion.] Telluric Tel*lu"ric (?), a. [L. tellus, -uris, the earth: cf. F. tellurique.] 1. Of or pertaining to the earth; proceeding from the earth. Amid these hot, telluric flames. Carlyle. 2. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or resembling, tellurium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with tellurous compounds; as, telluric acid, which is analogous to sulphuric acid. Telluric bismuth (Min.), tetradymite. -- Telluric silver (Min.), hessite. Telluride Tel"lu*ride (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of tellurium with a more positive element or radical; -- formerly called telluret. Tellurism Tel"lu*rism (?), n. An hypothesis of animal magnetism propounded by Dr. Keiser, in Germany, in which the phenomena are ascribed to the agency of a telluric spirit or influence. [R.] S. Thompson. Tellurite Tel"lu*rite (?), n. 1. (Chem.) A salt of tellurous acid. 2. (Min.) Oxide of tellurium. It occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals. Tellurium Tel*lu"ri*um (?), n. [NL., from L. tellus, -uris, the earth.] (Chem.) A rare nonmetallic element, analogous to sulphur and selenium, occasionally found native as a substance of a silver-white metallic luster, but usually combined with metals, as with gold and silver in the mineral sylvanite, with mercury in Coloradoite, etc. Symbol Te. Atomic weight 125.2. Graphic tellurium. (Min.) See Sylvanite. -- Tellurium glance (Min.), nagyagite; -- called also black tellurium. Tellurize Tel"lu*rize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To impregnate with, or to subject to the action of, tellurium; -- chiefly used adjectively in the past participle; as, tellurized ores. Tellurous Tel"lu*rous (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or containing, tellurium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with telluric compounds; as, tellurous acid, which is analogous to sulphurous acid. Telodynamic Tel`o*dy*nam"ic (?), a. [Gr. dynamic.] Relating to a system for transmitting power to a distance by means of swiftly moving ropes or cables driving grooved pulleys of large diameter. Teloogoo Tel`oo*goo" (?), n. See Telugu. D. O. Allen. Telotrocha Te*lot"ro*cha (?), n.; pl. Telotroch\'91 (#). [NL. See Telotrochal.] (Zo\'94l.) An annelid larva having telotrochal bands of cilia. Telotrochal, Telotrochous Te*lot"ro*chal (?), Te*lot"ro*chous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having both a preoral and a posterior band of cilla; -- applied to the larv\'91 of certain annelids. Telotype Tel"o*type (?), n. [Gr. -type.] An electric telegraph which prints the messages in letters and not in signs. Telpher Tel"pher (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) A contrivance for the conveyance of vehicles or loads by means of electricity. Fleeming Jenkin. Telpher line, OR Telpher road, an electric line or road over which vehicles for carrying loads are moved by electric engines actuated by a current conveyed by the line. Telpherage Tel"pher*age (?), n. The conveyance of vehicles or loads by means of electricity. Fleeming Jenkin. Telson Tel"son (?), n.; pl. Telsons (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The terminal joint or movable piece at the end of the abdomen of Crustacea and other articulates. See Thoracostraca. Telugu Tel`u*gu" (?), n. 1. A Darvidian language spoken in the northern parts of the Madras presidency. In extent of use it is the next language after Hindustani (in its various forms) and Bengali. [Spelt also Teloogoo.] 2. One of the people speaking the Telugu language. Telugu Tel`u*gu", a. Of or pertaining to the Telugu language, or the Telugus. Temerarious Tem`er*a"ri*ous (?), a. [L. temerarius. See Temerity.] Unreasonably adventurous; despising danger; rash; headstrong; audacious; reckless; heedless. -- Tem`er*a"ri*ous*ly, adv. I spake against temerarious judgment. Latimer. Temeration Tem`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. temerare to defile.] Temerity. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. Temerity Te*mer"i*ty (?), n. [L. temeritas, from temere by chance, rashly; perhaps akin to Skr. tamas darkness: cf. F. t\'82m\'82rit\'82.] Unreasonable contempt of danger; extreme venturesomeness; rashness; as, the temerity of a commander in war. Syn. -- Rashness; precipitancy; heedlessness; venturesomeness. -- Temerity, Rashness. These words are closely allied in sense, but have a slight difference in their use and application. Temerity is Latin, and rashness is Anglo-Saxon. As in many such cases, the Latin term is more select and dignified; the Anglo-Saxon more familiar and energetic. We show temerity in hasty decisions, and the conduct to which they lead. We show rashness in particular actions, as dictated by sudden impulse. It is an exhibition of temerity to approach the verge of a precipice; it is an act of rashness to jump into a river without being able to swim. Temerity, then, is an unreasonable contempt of danger; rashness is a rushing into danger from thoughtlessness or excited feeling. It is notorious temerity to pass sentence upon grounds uncapable of evidence. Barrow. Her rush hand in evil hour Forth reaching to the fruit, she plucked, she eat. Milton. Temerous Tem"er*ous (?), a. Temerarious. [Obs.] Tempean Tem*pe"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Temple, a valley in Thessaly, celebrated by Greek poets on account of its beautiful scenery; resembling Temple; hence, beautiful; delightful; charming. Temper Tem"per (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tempered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tempering.] [AS. temprian or OF. temper, F. temp\'82rer, and (in sense 3) temper, L. temperare, akin to tempus time. Cf. Temporal, Distemper, Tamper.] 1. To mingle in due proportion; to prepare by combining; to modify, as by adding some new element; to qualify, as by an ingredient; hence, to soften; to mollify; to assuage; to soothe; to calm. Puritan austerity was so tempered by Dutch indifference, that mercy itself could not have dictated a milder system. Bancroft. Woman! lovely woman! nature made thee To temper man: we had been brutes without you. Otway. But thy fire Shall be more tempered, and thy hope far higher. Byron. She [the Goddess of Justice] threw darkness and clouds about her, that tempered the light into a thousand beautiful shades and colors. Addison. 2. To fit together; to adjust; to accomodate. Thy sustenance . . . serving to the appetite of the eater, tempered itself to every man's liking. Wisdom xvi. 21. 3. (Metal.) To bring to a proper degree of hardness; as, to temper iron or steel. The tempered metals clash, and yield a silver sound. Dryden. 4. To govern; to manage. [A Latinism & Obs.] With which the damned ghosts he governeth, And furies rules, and Tartare tempereth. Spenser. 5. To moisten to a proper consistency and stir thoroughly, as clay for making brick, loam for molding, etc. 6. (Mus.) To adjust, as the mathematical scale to the actual scale, or to that in actual use. Syn. -- To soften; mollify; assuage; soothe; calm. Temper Tem"per, n. 1. The state of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various ingredients; due mixture of different qualities; just combination; as, the temper of mortar. 2. Constitution of body; temperament; in old writers, the mixture or relative proportion of the four humors, blood, choler, phlegm, and melancholy. The exquisiteness of his [Christ's] bodily temper increased the exquisiteness of his torment. Fuller. 3. Disposition of mind; the constitution of the mind, particularly with regard to the passions and affections; as, a calm temper; a hasty temper; a fretful temper. Remember with what mild And gracious temper he both heared and judged. Milton. The consequents of a certain ethical temper. J. H. Newman. 4. Calmness of mind; moderation; equanimity; composure; as, to keep one's temper. To fall with dignity, with temper rise. Pope. Restore yourselves to your tempers, fathers. B. Jonson. 5. Heat of mind or passion; irritation; proneness to anger; -- in a reproachful sense. [Colloq.] 6. The state of a metal or other substance, especially as to its hardness, produced by some process of heating or cooling; as, the temper of iron or steel. 7. Middle state or course; mean; medium. [R.] The perfect lawgiver is a just temper between the mere man of theory, who can see nothing but general principles, and the mere man of business, who can see nothing but particular circumstances. Macaulay. 8. (Sugar Works) Milk of lime, or other substance, employed in the process formerly used to clarify sugar. Temper screw, in deep well boring, an adjusting screw connecting the working beam with the rope carrying the tools, for lowering the tools as the drilling progresses. Syn. -- Disposition; temperament; frame; humor; mood. See Disposition. Temper Tem"per, v. i. 1. To accord; to agree; to act and think in conformity. [Obs.] Shak. 2. To have or get a proper or desired state or quality; to grow soft and pliable. I have him already tempering between my finger and my thumb, and shortly will I seal with him. Shak. Tempera Tem"pe*ra (?), n. [It.] (Paint.) A mode or process of painting; distemper. NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is ap plied es pecially to ea rly Italian painting, common vehicles of which were yolk of egg, yolk and white of egg mixed together, the white juice of the fig tree, and the like. Temperable Tem"per*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being tempered. The fusible, hard, and temperable texture of metals. Emerson. Temperament Tem"per*a*ment (?), n. [L. temperamentum a mixing in due proportion, proper measure, temperament: cf. F. temp\'82rament. See Temper, v. t.] 1. Internal constitution; state with respect to the relative proportion of different qualities, or constituent parts. The common law . . . has reduced the kingdom to its just state and temperament. Sir M. Hale. 2. Due mixture of qualities; a condition brought about by mutual compromises or concessions. [Obs.] However, I forejudge not any probable expedient, any temperament that can be found in things of this nature, so disputable on their side. Milton. 3. The act of tempering or modifying; adjustment, as of clashing rules, interests, passions, or the like; also, the means by which such adjustment is effected. Wholesome temperaments of the rashness of popular assemblies. Sir J. Mackintosh. 4. Condition with regard to heat or cold; temperature. [Obs.] Bodies are denominated "hot" and "cold" in proportion to the present temperament of that part of our body to which they are applied. Locke. 5. (Mus.) A system of compromises in the tuning of organs, pianofortes, and the like, whereby the tones generated with the vibrations of a ground tone are mutually modified and in part canceled, until their number reduced to the actual practicable scale of twelve tones to the octave. This scale, although in so far artificial, is yet closely suggestive of its origin in nature, and this system of tuning, although not mathematically true, yet satisfies the ear, while it has the convenience that the same twelve fixed tones answer for every key or scale, C# becoming identical with Db, and so on.<-- = tempering --> 6. (Physiol.) The peculiar physical and mental character of an individual, in olden times erroneously supposed to be due to individual variation in the relations and proportions of the constituent parts of the body, especially of the fluids, as the bile, blood, lymph, etc. Hence the phrases, bilious or choleric temperament, sanguine temperament, etc., implying a predominance of one of these fluids and a corresponding influence on the temperament. Equal temperament (Mus.), that in which the variations from mathematically true pitch are distributed among all the keys alike. -- Unequal temperament (Mus.), that in which the variations are thrown into the keys least used. Temperamental Tem`per*a*men"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to temperament; constitutional. [R.] Sir T. Browne. Temperance Tem"per*ance (?), n. [L. temperantia: cf. F. temp\'82rance. See Temper, v. t.] 1. Habitual moderation in regard to the indulgence of the natural appetites and passions; restrained or moderate indulgence; moderation; as, temperance in eating and drinking; temperance in the indulgence of joy or mirth; specifically, moderation, and sometimes abstinence, in respect to using intoxicating liquors. 2. Moderation of passion; patience; calmness; sedateness. [R.] "A gentleman of all temperance." Shak. He calmed his wrath with goodly temperance. Spenser. 3. State with regard to heat or cold; temperature. [Obs.] "Tender and delicate temperance." Shak. Temperance society, an association formed for the purpose of diminishing or stopping the use of alcoholic liquors as a beverage. Temperancy Tem"per*an*cy (?), n. Temperance. Temperate Tem"per*ate (?), a. [L. temperatus, p.p. of temperare. See Temper, v. t.] 1. Moderate; not excessive; as, temperate heat; a temperate climate. 2. Not marked with passion; not violent; cool; calm; as, temperate language. She is not hot, but temperate as the morn. Shak. That sober freedom out of which there springs Our loyal passion for our temperate kings. Tennyson. 3. Moderate in the indulgence of the natural appetites or passions; as, temperate in eating and drinking. Be sober and temperate, and you will be healthy. Franklin. 4. Proceeding from temperance. [R.] The temperate sleeps, and spirits light as air. Pope. Temperate zone (Geog.), that part of the earth which lies between either tropic and the corresponding polar circle; -- so called because the heat is less than in the torrid zone, and the cold less than in the frigid zones. Syn. -- Abstemious; sober; calm; cool; sedate. Temperate Tem"per*ate (?), v. t. To render temperate; to moderate; to soften; to temper. [Obs.] It inflames temperance, and temperates wrath. Marston. Temperately Tem"per*ate*ly (?), adv. In a temperate manner. Temperateness Tem"per*ate*ness, n. The quality or state of being temperate; moderateness; temperance. Temperative Tem"per*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. L. temperativus soothing.] Having power to temper. [R.] T. Granger. Temperature Tem"per*a*ture (?), n. [F. temp\'82rature, L. temperatura due measure, proportion, temper, temperament.] 1. Constitution; state; degree of any quality. The best composition and temperature is, to have openness in fame and opinion, secrecy in habit, dissimulation in seasonable use, and a power to feign, if there be no remedy. Bacon. Memory depends upon the consistence and the temperature of the brain. I. Watts. 2. Freedom from passion; moderation. [Obs.] In that proud port, which her so goodly graceth, Most goodly temperature you may descry. Spenser. 3. (Physics) Condition with respect to heat or cold, especially as indicated by the sensation produced, or by the thermometer or pyrometer; degree of heat or cold; as, the temperature of the air; high temperature; low temperature; temperature of freezing or of boiling. 4. Mixture; compound. [Obs.] Made a temperature of brass and iron together. Holland. Absolute temperature. (Physics) See under Absolute. -- Animal temperature (Physiol.), the nearly constant temperature maintained in the bodies of warm-blooded (homoiothermal) animals during life. The ultimate source of the heat is to be found in the potential energy of the food and the oxygen which is absorbed from the air during respiration. See Homoiothermal. -- Temperature sense (Physiol.), the faculty of perceiving cold and warmth, and so of perceiving differences of temperature in external objects. H. N. Martin. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1483 Tempered Tem"pered (?), a. Brought to a proper temper; as, tempered steel; having (such) a temper; -- chiefly used in composition; as, a good-tempered or bad-tempered man; a well-tempered sword. Temperer Tem"per*er (?), n. One who, or that which, tempers; specifically, a machine in which lime, cement, stone, etc., are mixed with water. Tempering Tem"per*ing, n. (Metal.) The process of giving the requisite degree of hardness or softness to a substance, as iron and steel; especially, the process of giving to steel the degree of hardness required for various purposes, consisting usually in first plunging the article, when heated to redness, in cold water or other liquid, to give an excess of hardness, and then reheating it gradually until the hardness is reduced or drawn down to the degree required, as indicated by the color produced on a polished portion, or by the burning of oil. Tempering color, the shade of color that indicates the degree of temper in tempering steel, as pale straw yellow for lancets, razors, and tools for metal; dark straw yellow for penknives, screw taps, etc.; brown yellow for axes, chisels, and plane irons; yellow tinged with purple for table knives and shears; purple for swords and watch springs; blue for springs and saws; and very pale blue tinged with green, too soft for steel instruments. Tempest Tem"pest (?), n. [OF. tempeste, F. temp\'88te, (assumed) LL. tempesta, fr. L. tempestas a portion of time, a season, weather, storm, akin to tempus time. See Temporal of time.] 1. An extensive current of wind, rushing with great velocity and violence, and commonly attended with rain, hail, or snow; a furious storm. [We] caught in a fiery tempest, shall be hurled, Each on his rock transfixed. Milton. 2. Fig.: Any violent tumult or commotion; as, a political tempest; a tempest of war, or of the passions. 3. A fashionable assembly; a drum. See the Note under Drum, n., 4. [Archaic] Smollett. NOTE: &hand; Te mpest is so metimes us ed in th e fo rmation of self-explaining compounds; as, tempest-beaten, tempest-loving, tempest-tossed, tempest-winged, and the like. Syn. -- Storm; agitation; perturbation. See Storm. Tempest Tem"pest, v. t. [Cf. OF. tempester, F. temp\'88ter to rage.] To disturb as by a tempest. [Obs.] Part huge of bulk Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait, Tempest the ocean. Milton. Tempest Tem"pest, v. i. To storm. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Tempestive Tem*pes"tive (?), a. [L. tempestivus.] Seasonable; timely; as, tempestive showers. [Obs.] Heywood. -- Tem*pes"tive*ly, adv. [Obs.] Tempestivily Tem`pes*tiv"i*ly (?), n. [L. tempestivitas.] The quality, or state, of being tempestive; seasonableness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Tempestuous Tem*pes"tu*ous (?), a. [L. tempestuous: cf. OF. tempestueux, F. temp\'88tueux.] Of or pertaining to a tempest; involving or resembling a tempest; turbulent; violent; stormy; as, tempestuous weather; a tempestuous night; a tempestuous debate. -- Tem*pes"tu*ous*ly, adv. -- Tem*pes"tu*ous*ness, n. They saw the Hebrew leader, Waiting, and clutching his tempestuous beard. Longfellow. Templar Tem"plar (?), n. [OE. templere, F. templier, LL. templarius. See Temple a church.] 1. One of a religious and military order first established at Jerusalem, in the early part of the 12th century, for the protection of pilgrims and of the Holy Sepulcher. These Knights Templars, or Knights of the Temple, were so named because they occupied an apartment of the palace of Bladwin II. in Jerusalem, near the Temple. NOTE: &hand; Th e or der wa s fi rst li mited in nu mbers, and its members were bound by vows of chastity and poverty. After the conquest of Palestine by the Saracens, the Templars spread over Europe, and, by reason of their reputation for valor and piety, they were enriched by numerous donations of money and lands. The extravagances and vices of the later Templars, however, finally led to the suppression of the order by the Council of Vienne in 1312. 2. A student of law, so called from having apartments in the Temple at London, the original buildings having belonged to the Knights Templars. See Inner Temple, and Middle Temple, under Temple. [Eng.] 3. One belonged to a certain order or degree among the Freemasons, called Knights Templars. Also, one of an order among temperance men, styled Good Templars. Templar Tem"plar, a. Of or pertaining to a temple. [R.] Solitary, family, and templar devotion. Coleridge. Template Tem"plate (?), n. Same as Templet. Temple Tem"ple (?), n. [Cf. Templet.] (Weaving) A contrivence used in a loom for keeping the web stretched transversely. Temple Tem"ple, n. [OF. temple, F. tempe, from L. tempora, tempus; perhaps originally, the right place, the fatal spot, supposed to be the same word as tempus, temporis, the fitting or appointed time. See Temporal of time, and cf. Tempo, Tense, n.] 1. (Anat.) The space, on either side of the head, back of the eye and forehead, above the zygomatic arch and in front of the ear. 2. One of the side bars of a pair of spectacles, jointed to the bows, and passing one on either side of the head to hold the spectacles in place. Temple Tem"ple, n. [AS. tempel, from L. templum a space marked out, sanctuary, temple; cf. Gr. t\'82mple, from the Latin. Cf. Contemplate.] 1. A place or edifice dedicated to the worship of some deity; as, the temple of Jupiter at Athens, or of Juggernaut in India. "The temple of mighty Mars." Chaucer. 2. (Jewish Antiq.) The edifice erected at Jerusalem for the worship of Jehovah. Jesus walked in the temple in Solomon's porch. John x. 23. 3. Hence, among Christians, an edifice erected as a place of public worship; a church. Can he whose life is a perpetual insult to the authority of God enter with any pleasure a temple consecrated to devotion and sanctified by prayer? Buckminster. 4. Fig.: Any place in which the divine presence specially resides. "The temple of his body." John ii. 21. Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the spirit of God dwelleth in you? 1 Cor. iii. 16. The groves were God's first temples. Bryant. Inner Temple, AND Middle Temple, two buildings, or ranges of buildings, occupied by two inns of court in London, on the site of a monastic establishment of the Knights Templars, called the Temple. Temple Tem"ple (?), v. t. To build a temple for; to appropriate a temple to; as, to temple a god. [R.] Feltham. Templed Tem"pled (?), a. Supplied with a temple or temples, or with churches; inclosed in a temple. I love thy rocks and rills, Thy woods and templed hills. S. F. Smith. Templet Tem"plet (?), n. [LL. templatus vaulted, from L. templum a small timber.] [Spelt also template.] 1. A gauge, pattern, or mold, commonly a thin plate or board, used as a guide to the form of the work to be executed; as, a mason's or a wheelwright's templet. 2. (Arch.) A short piece of timber, iron, or stone, placed in a wall under a girder or other beam, to distribute the weight or pressure. Tempo Tem"po (?), n. [It., fr. L. tempus. See Tense, n.] (Mus.) The rate or degree of movement in time. A tempo giusto (j&oomac;s"t&osl;) [It.], in exact time; -- sometimes, directing a return to strict time after a tempo rubato. -- Tempo rubato. See under Rubato. Temporal Tem"po*ral (?), a. [L. temporalis, fr. tempora the temples: cf. F. temporal. See Temple a part of the head.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the temple or temples; as, the temporal bone; a temporal artery. Temporal bone, a very complex bone situated in the side of the skull of most mammals and containing the organ of hearing. It consists of an expanded squamosal portion above the ear, corresponding to the squamosal and zygoma of the lower vertebrates, and a thickened basal petrosal and mastoid portion, corresponding to the periotic and tympanic bones of the lower vertebrates. Temporal Tem"po*ral (?), a. [L. temporalis, fr. tempus, temporis, time, portion of time, the fitting or appointed time: cf. F. temporel. Cf. Contemporaneous, Extempore, Temper, v. t., Tempest, Temple a part of the head, Tense, n., Thing.] 1. Of or pertaining to time, that is, to the present life, or this world; secular, as distinguished from sacred or eternal. The things which are seen are temporal, but the things which are not seen are eternal. 2 Cor. iv. 18. Is this an hour for temporal affairs? Shak. 2. Civil or political, as distinguished from ecclesiastical; as, temporal power; temporal courts. Lords temporal. See under Lord, n. -- Temporal augment. See the Note under Augment, n. Syn. -- Transient; fleeting; transitory. Temporal Tem"po*ral, n. Anything temporal or secular; a temporality; -- used chiefly in the plural. Dryden. He assigns supremacy to the pope in spirituals, and to the emperor or temporals. Lowell. Temporality Tem`po*ral"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Temporalities (#). [L. temporalitas, in LL., possessions of the church: cf. F. temporalit\'82.] 1. The state or quality of being temporary; -- opposed to perpetuity. 2. The laity; temporality. [Obs.] Sir T. More. 3. That which pertains to temporal welfare; material interests; especially, the revenue of an ecclesiastic proceeding from lands, tenements, or lay fees, tithes, and the like; -- chiefly used in the plural. Supreme head, . . . under God, of the spirituality and temporality of the same church. Fuller. Temporally Tem"po*ral*ly (?), adv. In a temporal manner; secularly. [R.] South. Temporalness Tem"po*ral*ness, n. Worldliness. [R.] Cotgrave. Temporalty Tem"po*ral*ty (?), n. [See Temporality.] 1. The laity; secular people. [Obs.] Abp. Abbot. 2. A secular possession; a temporality. Temporaneous Tem`po*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. temporaneus happening at the right time, fr. tempus, temporis, time.] Temporarity. [Obs.] Hallywell. Temporarily Tem"po*ra*ri*ly (?), adv. In a temporary manner; for a time. Temporariness Tem"po*ra*ri*ness, n. The quality or state of being temporary; -- opposed to perpetuity. Temporary Tem"po*ra*ry (?), a. [L. temporarius, fr. tempus, temporis, time: cf. F. temporaire.] Lasting for a time only; existing or continuing for a limited time; not permanent; as, the patient has obtained temporary relief. Temporary government of the city. Motley. Temporary star. (Astron.) See under Star. Temporist Tem"po*rist (?), n. A temporizer. [Obs.] Why, turn a temporist, row with the tide. Marston. Temporization Tem`po*ri*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. temporisation.] The act of temporizing. Johnson. Temporize Tem"po*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Temporized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Temporizing (?).] [F. temporiser. See Temporal of time.] 1. To comply with the time or occasion; to humor, or yield to, the current of opinion or circumstances; also, to trim, as between two parties. They might their grievance inwardly complain, But outwardly they needs must temporize. Daniel. 2. To delay; to procrastinate. [R.] Bacon. 3. To comply; to agree. [Obs.] Shak. Temporizer Tem"po*ri`zer (?), n. One who temporizes; one who yields to the time, or complies with the prevailing opinions, fashions, or occasions; a trimmer. A sort of temporizers, ready to embrace and maintain all that is, or shall be, proposed, in hope of preferment. Burton. Temporizingly Tem"po*ri`zing*ly (?), adv. In a temporizing or yielding manner. Temporo- Tem"po*ro- (?). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the temple, or temporal bone; as, temporofacial. Temporo-auricular Tem`po*ro-au*ric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the temple and the ear; as, the temporo-auricular nerve. Temporofacial Tem`po*ro*fa"cial (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the temple and the face. Temporomalar Tem`po*ro*ma"lar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the temple and the region of the malar bone; as, the temporomalar nerve. Temporomaxillary Tem`po*ro*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the temple or the temporal bone and the maxilla. Temps Temps (?), n. [OF. & F., fr. L. tempus. See Temporal of time.] Time. [Obs.] Chaucer. Tempse Tempse (?), n. See Temse. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Tempt Tempt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tempted; p. pr. & vb. n. Tempting.] [OE. tempten, tenten, from OF. tempter, tenter, F. tenter, fr. L. tentare, temptare, to handle, feel, attack, to try, put to the test, urge, freq. from tendere, tentum, and tensum, to stretch. See Thin, and cf. Attempt, Tend, Taunt, Tent a pavilion, Tent to probe.] 1. To put to trial; to prove; to test; to try. God did tempt Abraham. Gen. xxii. 1. Ye shall not tempt the Lord your God. Deut. vi. 16. 2. To lead, or endeavor to lead, into evil; to entice to what is wrong; to seduce. Every man is tempted when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. James i. 14. 3. To endeavor to persuade; to induce; to invite; to incite; to provoke; to instigate. Tempt not the brave and needy to despair. Dryden. Nor tempt the wrath of heaven's avenging Sire. Pope. 4. To endeavor to accomplish or reach; to attempt. Ere leave be given to tempt the nether skies. Dryden. Syn. -- To entice; allure; attract; decoy; seduce. Temptability Tempt`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being temptable; lability to temptation. Temptable Tempt"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being tempted; liable to be tempted. Cudworth. Temptation Temp*ta"tion (?), n. [OF. temptation, tentation, F. tentation, L. tentatio.] 1. The act of tempting, or enticing to evil; seduction. When the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season. Luke iv. 13. 2. The state of being tempted, or enticed to evil. Lead us not into temptation. Luke xi. 4. 3. That which tempts; an inducement; an allurement, especially to something evil. Dare to be great, without a guilty crown; View it, and lay the bright temptation down. Dryden. Temptationless Temp*ta"tion*less, a. Having no temptation or motive; as, a temptationless sin. [R.] Hammond. Temptatious Temp*ta"tious (?), a. Tempting. [Prov. Eng.] Tempter Tempt"er (?), n. One who tempts or entices; especially, Satan, or the Devil, regarded as the great enticer to evil. "Those who are bent to do wickedly will never want tempters to urge them on." Tillotson. So glozed the Tempter, and his proem tuned. Milton. Tempting Tempt"ing, a. Adapted to entice or allure; attractive; alluring; seductive; enticing; as, tempting pleasures. -- Tempt"ing*ly, adv. -- Tempt"ing*ness, n. Temptress Tempt"ress (?), n. A woman who entices. She was my temptress, the foul provoker. Sir W. Scott. Temse Temse (?), n. [F. tamis, or D. tems, teems. Cf. Tamine.] A sieve. [Written also tems, and tempse.] [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Temse bread, Temsed bread, Temse loaf, bread made of flour better sifted than common fluor. [Prov. Eng.] Temulence, Temulency Tem"u*lence (?), Tem"u*len*cy (?), n. [L. temulentia.] Intoxication; inebriation; drunkenness. [R.] "Their temulency." Jer. Taylor. Temulent Tem"u*lent (?), a. [L. temulentus.] Intoxicated; drunken. [R.] Temulentive Tem"u*lent*ive (?), a. Somewhat temulent; addicted to drink. [R.] R. Junius. Ten Ten (?), a. [AS. t\'c7n, ti\'82n, t, t\'c7ne; akin to OFries. tian, OS. tehan, D. tien, G. zehn, OHG. zehan, Icel. t\'c6u, Sw. tio, Dan. ti, Goth. ta\'a1hun, Lith. deszimt, Russ. desiate, W. deg, Ir. & Gael. deich, L. decem, Gr. da\'87an. \'fb308. Cf. Dean, Decade, Decimal, December, Eighteen, Eighty, Teens, Tithe.] One more than nine; twice five. With twice ten sail I crossed the Phrygian Sea. Dryden. NOTE: &hand; Te n is of ten used, indefinitely, for several, many, and other like words. There 's proud modesty in merit, Averse from begging, and resolved to pay Ten times the gift it asks. Dryden. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1484 Ten Ten (?), n. 1. The number greater by one than nine; the sum of five and five; ten units of objects. I will not destroy it for ten's sake. Gen. xviii. 32. 2. A symbol representing ten units, as 10, x, or X. Tenability Ten`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tenable; tenableness. Tenable Ten"a*ble (?), a. [F. tenable, fr. tenir to hold, L. tenere. See Thin, and cf. Continue, Continent, Entertain, Maintain, Tenant, Tent.] Capable of being held, naintained, or defended, as against an assailant or objector, or againts attempts to take or process; as, a tenable fortress, a tenable argument. If you have hitherto concealed his sight, Let it be tenable in your silence still. Shak. I would be the last man in the world to give up his cause when it was tenable. Sir W. Scott. Tenableness Ten`a*ble*ness, n. Same as Tenability. Tenace Ten"ace (?), n. [F. tenace tenacious, demeurer tenace to hold the best and third best cards and take both tricks, and adversary having to lead. See Tenacious.] (Whist) The holding by the fourth hand of the best and third best cards of a suit led; also, sometimes, the combination of best with third best card of a suit in any hand. Tenacious Te*na"cious (?), a. [L. tenax, -acis, from tenere to hold. See Tenable, and cf. Tenace.] 1. Holding fast, or inclined to hold fast; inclined to retain what is in possession; as, men tenacious of their just rights. 2. Apt to retain; retentive; as, a tenacious memory. 3. Having parts apt to adhere to each other; cohesive; tough; as, steel is a tenacious metal; tar is more tenacious than oil. Sir I. Newton. 4. Apt to adhere to another substance; glutinous; viscous; sticking; adhesive. "Female feet, too weak to struggle with tenacious clay." Cowper. 5. Niggardly; closefisted; miserly. Ainsworth. 6. Holding stoutly to one's opinion or purpose; obstinate; stubborn. -- Te*na"cious*ly, adv. -- Te*na"cious*ness, n. Tenacity Te*nac"i*ty (?), n. [L. tenacitas: cf. F. t\'82nacit\'82. See Tenacious.] 1. The quality or state of being tenacious; as, tenacity, or retentiveness, of memory; tenacity, or persistency, of purpose. 2. That quality of bodies which keeps them from parting without considerable force; cohesiveness; the effect of attraction; -- as distinguished from brittleness, fragility, mobility, etc. 3. That quality of bodies which makes them adhere to other bodies; adhesiveness; viscosity. Holland. 4. (Physics) The greatest longitudinal stress a substance can bear without tearing asunder, -- usually expressed with reference to a unit area of the cross section of the substance, as the number of pounds per square inch, or kilograms per square centimeter, necessary to produce rupture. Tenaculum Te*nac"u*lum (?), n.; pl. L. Tenacula (#); E. Tenaculums (#). [L., a holder, fr. tenere to hold. Cf. Tenaille.] (Surg.) An instrument consisting of a fine, sharp hook attached to a handle, and used mainly for taking up arteries, and the like. Tenacy Ten"a*cy (?), n. [L. tenacia obstinacy. See Tenacious.] Tenaciousness; obstinacy. [Obs.] Barrow. Tenaille Te*naille" (?), n. [F., a pair of pincers or tongs, a tenaille, fr. L. tenaculum. See Tenaculum.] (Fort.) An outwork in the main ditch, in front of the curtain, between two bastions. See Illust. of Ravelin. Tenaillon Te*nail"lon (?), n. [F. See Tenaille.] (Fort.) A work constructed on each side of the ravelins, to increase their strength, procure additional ground beyond the ditch, or cover the shoulders of the bastions. Tenancy Ten"an*cy (?), n.; pl. Tenacies (#). [Cf. OF. tenace, LL. tenentia. See Tenant.] (Law) (a) A holding, or a mode of holding, an estate; tenure; the temporary possession of what belongs to another. (b) (O. Eng. Law) A house for habitation, or place to live in, held of another. Blount. Blackstone. Wharton. Tenant Ten"ant (?), n. [F. tenant, p.pr. of tenir to hold. See Tenable, and cf. Lieutenant.] 1. (Law) One who holds or possesses lands, or other real estate, by any kind of right, whether in fee simple, in common, in severalty, for life, for years, or at will; also, one who has the occupation or temporary possession of lands or tenements the title of which is in another; -- correlative to landlord. See Citation from Blackstone, under Tenement, 2. Blount. Wharton. 2. One who has possession of any place; a dweller; an occupant. "Sweet tenants of this grove." Cowper. The hhappy tenant of your shade. Cowley. The sister tenants of the middle deep. Byron. Tenant in capite [L. in in + capite, abl. of caput head, chief.], OR Tenant in chief, by the laws of England, one who holds immediately of the king. According to the feudal system, all lands in England are considered as held immediately or mediately of the king, who is styled lord paramount. Such tenants, however, are considered as having the fee of the lands and permanent possession. Blackstone. -- Tenant in common. See under Common. Tenant Ten"ant, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tenanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Tenanting.] To hold, occupy, or possess as a tenant. Sir Roger's estate is tenanted by persons who have served him or his ancestors. Addison. Tenantable Ten"ant*a*ble (?), a. Fit to be rented; in a condition suitable for a tenant. -- Ten"ant*a*ble*ness, n. Tenantless Ten"ant*less, a. Having no tenants; unoccupied; as, a tenantless mansion. Shak. Tenantry Ten"ant*ry (?), n. 1. The body of tenants; as, the tenantry of a manor or a kingdom. 2. Tenancy. [Obs.] Ridley. Tenant saw Ten"ant saw` (?). See Tenon saw, under Tenon. Tench Tench (?), n. [OF. tenche, F. tanche, L. tinca.] (Zo\'94l.) A European fresh-water fish (Tinca tinca, or T. vulgaris) allied to the carp. It is noted for its tenacity of life. Tend Tend (?), v. t. [See Tender to offer.] (O. Eng. Law) To make a tender of; to offer or tender. [Obs.] Tend Tend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tended; p. pr. & vb. n. Tending.] [Aphetic form of attend. See Attend, Tend to move, and cf. Tender one that tends or attends.] 1. To accompany as an assistant or protector; to care for the wants of; to look after; to watch; to guard; as, shepherds tend their flocks. Shak. And flaming ministers to watch and tend Their earthly charge. Milton. There 's not a sparrow or a wren, There 's not a blade of autumn grain, Which the four seasons do not tend And tides of life and increase lend. Emerson. 2. To be attentive to; to note carefully; to attend to. Being to descend A ladder much in height, I did not tend My way well down. Chapman. To tend a vessel (Naut.), to manage an anchored vessel when the tide turns, so that in swinging she shall not entangle the cable. Tend Tend, v. i. 1. To wait, as attendants or servants; to serve; to attend; -- with on or upon. Was he not companion with the riotous knights That tend upon my father? Shak. 2. [F. attendre.] To await; to expect. [Obs.] Shak. Tend Tend, v. i. [F. tendre, L. tendere, tensum and tentum, to stretch, extend, direct one's course, tend; akin to Gr. tan. See Thin, and cf. Tend to attend, Contend, Intense, Ostensible, Portent, Tempt, Tender to offer, Tense, a.] 1. To move in a certain direction; -- usually with to or towards. Two gentlemen tending towards that sight. Sir H. Wotton. Thus will this latter, as the former world, Still tend from bad to worse. Milton. The clouds above me to the white Alps tend. Byron. 2. To be directed, as to any end, object, or purpose; to aim; to have or give a leaning; to exert activity or influence; to serve as a means; to contribute; as, our petitions, if granted, might tend to our destruction. The thoughts of the diligent tend only to plenteousness; but of every one that is hasty only to want. Prov. xxi. 5. The laws of our religion tend to the universal happiness of mankind. Tillotson. Tendance Tend"ance (?), n. [See Tend to attend, and cf. Attendance.] 1. The act of attending or waiting; attendance. [Archaic] Spenser. The breath Of her sweet tendance hovering over him. Tennyson. 2. Persons in attendance; attendants. [Obs.] Shak. Tendence Tend"ence (?), n. Tendency. [Obs.] Tendency Tend"en*cy (?), n.; pl. Tendencies (#). [L. tendents, -entis, p.pr. of tendere: cf. F. tendance. See Tend to move.] Direction or course toward any place, object, effect, or result; drift; causal or efficient influence to bring about an effect or result. Writings of this kind, if conducted with candor, have a more particular tendency to the good of their country. Addison. In every experimental science, there is a tendency toward perfection. Macaulay. Syn. -- Disposition; inclination; proneness; drift; scope; aim. Tender Tend"er (?), n. [From Tend to attend. Cf. Attender.] 1. One who tends; one who takes care of any person or thing; a nurse. 2. (Naut.) A vessel employed to attend other vessels, to supply them with provisions and other stores, to convey intelligence, or the like. <-- submarine tender, a ship which provides supplies and logistic support to submarines. A specialization of def. 2. --> 3. A car attached to a locomotive, for carrying a supply of fuel and water. Tender Ten"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tendering.] [F. tendre to stretch, stretch out, reach, L. tendere. See Tend to move.] 1. (Law) To offer in payment or satisfaction of a demand, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture; as, to tender the amount of rent or debt. 2. To offer in words; to present for acceptance. You see how all conditions, how all minds, . . . tender down Their services to Lord Timon. Shak. Tender Ten"der, n. 1. (Law) An offer, either of money to pay a debt, or of service to be performed, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture, which would be incurred by nonpayment or nonperformance; as, the tender of rent due, or of the amount of a note, with interest. NOTE: &hand; To co nstitute a le gal te nder, su ch money must be offered as the law prescribes. So also the tender must be at the time and place where the rent or debt ought to be paid, and it must be to the full amount due. 2. Any offer or proposal made for acceptance; as, a tender of a loan, of service, or of friendship; a tender of a bid for a contract. A free, unlimited tender of the gospel. South. 3. The thing offered; especially, money offered in payment of an obligation. Shak. <-- 4. (Finance) An offer to buy a certain number of shares of stock of a publicly-traded company at a fixed price, usu. in an attempt to gain control of the company. --> Legal tender. See under Legal. -- Tender of issue (Law), a form of words in a pleading, by which a party offers to refer the question raised upon it to the appropriate mode of decision. Burrill. Tender Ten"der, a. [Compar. Tenderer (?); superl. Tenderest.] [F. tendre, L. tener; probably akin to tenuis thin. See Thin.] 1. Easily impressed, broken, bruised, or injured; not firm or hard; delicate; as, tender plants; tender flesh; tender fruit. 2. Sensible to impression and pain; easily pained. Our bodies are not naturally more tender than our faces. L'Estrange. 3. Physically weak; not hardly or able to endure hardship; immature; effeminate. The tender and delicate woman among you. Deut. xxviii. 56. 4. Susceptible of the softer passions, as love, compassion, kindness; compassionate; pitiful; anxious for another's good; easily excited to pity, forgiveness, or favor; sympathetic. The Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy. James v. 11. I am choleric by my nature, and tender by my temper. Fuller. 5. Exciting kind concern; dear; precious. I love Valentine, Whose life's as tender to me as my soul! Shak. 6. Careful to save inviolate, or not to injure; -- with of. "Tender of property." Burke. The civil authority should be tender of the honor of God and religion. Tillotson. 7. Unwilling to cause pain; gentle; mild. You, that are thus so tender o'er his follies, Will never do him good. Shak. 8. Adapted to excite feeling or sympathy; expressive of the softer passions; pathetic; as, tender expressions; tender expostulations; a tender strain. 9. Apt to give pain; causing grief or pain; delicate; as, a tender subject. "Things that are tender and unpleasing." Bacon. 10. (Naut.) Heeling over too easily when under sail; -- said of a vessel. NOTE: &hand; Te nder is so metimes us ed in th e fo rmation of self-explaining compounds; as, tender-footed, tender-looking, tender-minded, tender-mouthed, and the like. Syn. -- Delicate; effeminate; soft; sensitive; compassionate; kind; humane; merciful; pitiful. Tender Ten"der (?), n. [Cf. F. tendre.] Regard; care; kind concern. [Obs.] Shak. Tender Ten"der, v. t. To have a care of; to be tender toward; hence, to regard; to esteem; to value. [Obs.] For first, next after life, he tendered her good. Spenser. Tender yourself more dearly. Shak. To see a prince in want would move a miser's charity. Our western princes tendered his case, which they counted might be their own. Fuller. Tenderfoot Ten"der*foot` (?), n. A delicate person; one not inured to the hardship and rudeness of pioneer life. [Slang, Western U.S.] Tender-hearted Ten"der-heart`ed (?), a. Having great sensibility; susceptible of impressions or influence; affectionate; pitying; sensitive. -- Ten"der-heart`ed*ly, adv. -- Ten"der-heart`ed*ness, n. Rehoboam was young and tender-hearted, and could not withstand them. 2 Chron. xiii. 7. Be ye kind one to another, tender-hearted. Eph. iv. 32. Tender-hefted Ten"der-heft`ed (?), a. Having great tenderness; easily moved. [Obs.] Shak. Tenderling Ten"der*ling (?), n. 1. One made tender by too much kindness; a fondling. [R.] W. Harrison (1586). 2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the first antlers of a deer. Tenderloin Ten"der*loin` (?), n. A strip of tender flesh on either side of the vertebral column under the short ribs, in the hind quarter of beef and pork. It consists of the psoas muscles. Tenderly Ten"der*ly, adv. In a tender manner; with tenderness; mildly; gently; softly; in a manner not to injure or give pain; with pity or affection; kindly. Chaucer. Tenderness Ten"der*ness, n. The quality or state of being tender (in any sense of the adjective). Syn. -- Benignity; humanity; sensibility; benevolence; kindness; pity; clemency; mildness; mercy. Tendinous Ten"di*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. tendineux.] 1. Pertaining to a tendon; of the nature of tendon. 2. Full of tendons; sinewy; as, nervous and tendinous parts of the body. Tendment Tend"ment (?), n. Attendance; care. [Obs.] Tendon Ten"don (?), n. [F., fr. L. tendere to stretch, extend. See Tend to move.] (Anat.) A tough insensible cord, bundle, or band of fibrous connective tissue uniting a muscle with some other part; a sinew. Tendon reflex (Physiol.), a kind of reflex act in which a muscle is made to contract by a blow upon its tendon. Its absence is generally a sign of disease. See Knee jerk, under Knee. Tendonous Ten"don*ous (?), a. Tendinous. Tendosynovitis Ten`do*syn`o*vi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Tendon, and Synovitis.] See Tenosynovitis. Tendrac Ten"drac (?), n. [See Tenrec.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small insectivores of the family Centetid\'91, belonging to Ericulus, Echinope, and related genera, native of Madagascar. They are more or less spinose and resemble the hedgehog in habits. The rice tendrac (Oryzorictes hora) is very injurious to rice crops. Some of the species are called also tenrec. Tendril Ten"dril (?), n. [Shortened fr. OF. tendrillon, fr. F. tendre tender; hence, properly, the tender branch or spring of a plant: cf. F. tendrille. See Tender, a., and cf. Tendron.] (Bot.) A slender, leafless portion of a plant by which it becomes attached to a supporting body, after which the tendril usually contracts by coiling spirally. NOTE: &hand; Te ndrils ma y re present the end of a stem, as in the grapevine; an axillary branch, as in the passion flower; stipules, as in the genus Smilax; or the end of a leaf, as in the pea. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1485 Tendril Ten"dril (?), a. Clasping; climbing as a tendril. [R.] Dyer. Tendriled, Tendrilled Ten"driled, Ten"drilled (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with tendrils, or with such or so many, tendrils. "The thousand tendriled vine." Southey. Tendron Ten"dron (?), n. [F. Cf. Tendril.] A tendril. [Obs.] Holland. Tendry Ten"dry (?), n. A tender; an offer. [Obs.] Heylin. Tene Tene (?), n. & v. See 1st and 2d Teen. [Obs.] Tenebr\'91 Ten"e*br\'91 (?), n. [L., pl., darkness.] (R. C. Ch.) The matins and lauds for the last three days of Holy Week, commemorating the sufferings and death of Christ, -- usually sung on the afternoon or evening of Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, instead of on the following days. Tenebricose Te*neb"ri*cose` (?), a. [L. tenebricosus.] Tenebrous; dark; gloomy. [Obs.] Tenebrific Ten`e*brif"ic (?), a. [L. tenebrae darkness + facere to make.] Rendering dark or gloomy; tenebrous; gloomy. It lightens, it brightens, The tenebrific scene. Burns. Where light Lay fitful in a tenebrific time. R. Browning. Tenebrificous Ten`e*brif"ic*ous (?), a. Tenebrific. Authors who are tenebrificous stars. Addison. Tenebrious Te*ne"bri*ous (?), a. Tenebrous. Young. Tenebrose Ten"e*brose` (?), a. Characterized by darkness or gloom; tenebrous. Tenebrosity Ten`e*bros"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tenebrous; tenebrousness. Burton. Tenebrous Ten"e*brous (?), a. [L. tenebrosus, fr. tenebrae darkness: cf. F. t\'82n\'82breux.] Dark; gloomy; dusky; tenebrious. -- Ten"e*brous*ness, n. The most dark, tenebrous night. J. Hall (1565). The towering and tenebrous boughts of the cypress. Longfellow. Tenement Ten"e*ment (?), n. [OF. tenement a holding, a fief, F. t\'8anement, LL. tenementum, fr. L. tenere to hold. See Tenant.] 1. (Feud. Law) That which is held of another by service; property which one holds of a lord or proprietor in consideration of some military or pecuniary service; fief; fee. 2. (Common Law) Any species of permanent property that may be held, so as to create a tenancy, as lands, houses, rents, commons, an office, an advowson, a franchise, a right of common, a peerage, and the like; -- called also free OR frank tenements. The thing held is a tenement, the possessor of it a "tenant," and the manner of possession is called "tenure." Blackstone. 3. A dwelling house; a building for a habitation; also, an apartment, or suite of rooms, in a building, used by one family; often, a house erected to be rented. 4. Fig.: Dwelling; abode; habitation. Who has informed us that a rational soul can inhabit no tenement, unless it has just such a sort of frontispiece? Locke. Tenement house, commonly, a dwelling house erected for the purpose of being rented, and divided into separate apartments or tenements for families. The term is often applied to apartment houses occupied by poor families. Syn. -- House; dwelling; habitation. -- Tenement, House. There may be many houses under one roof, but they are completely separated from each other by party walls. A tenement may be detached by itself, or it may be part of a house divided off for the use of a family. Tenemental Ten`e*men"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a tenement; capable of being held by tenants. Blackstone. Tenementary Ten`e*men"ta*ry (?), a. Capable of being leased; held by tenants. Spelman. Tenent Ten"ent (?), n. [L. tenent they hold, 3d pers. pl. pres. of tenere.] A tenet. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson. Teneral Ten"er*al (?), a. [L. tener, -eris, tender, delicate.] (Zo\'94l.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a condition assumed by the imago of certain Neuroptera, after exclusion from the pupa. In this state the insect is soft, and has not fully attained its mature coloring. Teneriffe Ten`er*iffe" (?), n. A white wine resembling Madeira in taste, but more tart, produced in Teneriffe, one of the Canary Islands; -- called also Vidonia. Tenerity Te*ner"i*ty (?), n. [L. teneritas. See Tender, a.] Tenderness. [Obs.] Ainsworth. Tenesmic Te*nes"mic (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to tenesmus; characterized by tenesmus. Tenesmus Te*nes"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. tenesmos.] (Med.) An urgent and distressing sensation, as if a discharge from the intestines must take place, although none can be effected; -- always referred to the lower extremity of the rectum. Vesical tenesmus, a similar sensation as to the evacuation of urine, referred to the region of the bladder. Tenet Ten"et (?), n. [L. tenet he holds, fr. tenere to hold. See Tenable.] Any opinion, principle, dogma, belief, or doctrine, which a person holds or maintains as true; as, the tenets of Plato or of Cicero. That al animals of the land are in their kind in the sea, . . . is a tenet very questionable. Sir T. Browne. The religious tenets of his family he had early renounced with contempt. Macaulay. Syn. -- Dogma; doctrine; opinion; principle; position. See Dogma. Tenfold Ten"fold` (?), a. & adv. In tens; consisting of ten in one; ten times repeated. The grisly Terror . . . grew tenfold More dreadful and deform. Milton. Tenia Te"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] See T\'91nia. Tenioid Te"ni*oid (?), a. See T\'91noid. Tennantite Ten"nant*ite (?), n. [Named after Smithson Tennant, an English chemist.] (Min.) A blackish lead-gray mineral, closely related to tetrahedrite. It is essentially a sulphide of arsenic and copper. Tenn\'82 Ten`n\'82" (?), n. [Cf. Tawny.] (Her.) A tincture, rarely employed, which is considered as an orange color or bright brown. It is represented by diagonal lines from sinister to dexter, crossed by vertical lines. Tennis Ten"nis (?), n. [OE. tennes, tenies, tenyse; of uncertain origin, perhaps fr. F. tenez hold or take it, fr. tenir to hold (see Tenable).] A play in which a ball is driven to and fro, or kept in motion by striking it with a racket or with the open hand. Shak. His easy bow, his good stories, his style of dancing and playing tennis, . . . were familiar to all London. Macaulay. Court tennis, the old game of tennis as played within walled courts of peculiar construction; -- distinguished from lawn tennis. -- Lawn tennis. See under Lawn, n. -- Tennis court, a place or court for playing the game of tennis. Shak. Tennis Ten"nis, v. t. To drive backward and forward, as a ball in playing tennis. [R.] Spenser. Tennu Ten"nu (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The tapir. Ten-o'clock Ten"-o'*clock` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant, the star-of-Bethlehem. See under Star. Tenon Ten"on (?), n. [F., fr. tenir to hold. See Tenable.] (Carp. & Join.) A projecting member left by cutting away the wood around it, and made to insert into a mortise, and in this way secure together the parts of a frame; especially, such a member when it passes entirely through the thickness of the piece in which the mortise is cut, and shows on the other side. Cf. Tooth, Tusk. Tenon saw, a saw with a thin blade, usually stiffened by a brass or steel back, for cutting tenons. [Corruptly written tenant saw.] Gwilt. Tenon Ten"on, v. t. To cut or fit for insertion into a mortise, as the end of a piece of timber. Tenonian Te*no"ni*an (?), a. (Anat.) Discovered or described by M. Tenon, a French anatomist. Tenonian capsule (Anat.), a lymphatic space inclosed by a delicate membrane or fascia (the fascia of Tenon) between the eyeball and the fat of the orbit; -- called also capsule of Tenon. Tenor Ten"or (?), n. [L., from tenere to hold; hence, properly, a holding on in a continued course: cf. F. teneur. See Tenable, and cf. Tenor a kind of voice.] 1. A state of holding on in a continuous course; manner of continuity; constant mode; general tendency; course; career. Along the cool sequestered vale of life They kept the noiseless tenor of their away. Gray. 2. That course of thought which holds on through a discourse; the general drift or course of thought; purport; intent; meaning; understanding. When it [the bond] is paid according to the tenor. Shak. Does not the whole tenor of the divine law positively require humility and meekness to all men? Spart. 3. Stamp; character; nature. This success would look like chance, if it were perpetual, and always of the same tenor. Dryden. 4. (Law) An exact copy of a writing, set forth in the words and figures of it. It differs from purport, which is only the substance or general import of the instrument. Bouvier. 5. [F. t\'82nor, L. tenor, properly, a holding; -- so called because the tenor was the voice which took and held the principal part, the plain song, air, or tune, to which the other voices supplied a harmony above and below: cf. It. tenore.] (Mus.) (a) The higher of the two kinds of voices usually belonging to adult males; hence, the part in the harmony adapted to this voice; the second of the four parts in the scale of sounds, reckoning from the base, and originally the air, to which the other parts were auxillary. (b) A person who sings the tenor, or the instrument that play it. Old Tenor, New Tenor, Middle Tenor, different descriptions of paper money, issued at different periods, by the American colonial governments in the last century. Tenosynovitis Ten`o*syn`o*vi"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. synovitis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the synovial sheath enveloping a tendon. Tenotome Ten"o*tome (?), n. (Surg.) A slender knife for use in the operation of tenotomy. Tenotomy Te*not"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The division of a tendon, or the act of dividing a tendon. Tenpenny Ten"pen*ny (?), a. Valued or sold at ten pence; as, a tenpenny cake. See 2d Penny, n. Tenpenny Ten"pen*ny, a. Denoting a size of nails. See 1st Penny. Tenpins Ten"pins (?), n. A game resembling ninepins, but played with ten pins. See Ninepins. [U. S.] Ten-pounder Ten"-pound`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large oceanic fish (Elops saurus) found in the tropical parts of all the oceans. It is used chiefly for bait. Tenrec Ten"rec (?), n. [From the native name: cf. F. tanrac, tanrec, tandrec.] (Zo\'94l.) A small insectivore (Centetes ecaudatus), native of Madagascar, but introduced also into the islands of Bourbon and Mauritius; -- called also tanrec. The name is applied to other allied genera. See Tendrac. Tense Tense (?), n. [OF. tens, properly, time, F. temps time, tense. See Temporal of time, and cf. Thing.] (Gram.) One of the forms which a verb takes by inflection or by adding auxiliary words, so as to indicate the time of the action or event signified; the modification which verbs undergo for the indication of time. NOTE: &hand; Th e pr imary si mple te nses ar e th ree: those which express time past, present, and future; but these admit of modifications, which differ in different languages. Tense Tense, a. [L. tensus, p.p. of tendere to stretch. See Tend to move, and cf. Toise.] Stretched tightly; strained to stiffness; rigid; not lax; as, a tense fiber. The temples were sunk, her forehead was tense, and a fatal paleness was upon her. Goldsmith. -- Tense"ly, adv. -- Tense"ness, n. Tensibility Ten`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tensible; tensility. Tensible Ten"si*ble (?), a. [See Tense, a.] Capable of being extended or drawn out; ductile; tensible. Gold . . . is likewise the most flexible and tensible. Bacon. Tensile Ten"sile (?), a. [See Tense, a.] 1. Of or pertaining to extension; as, tensile strength. 2. Capable of extension; ductile; tensible. Bacon. Tensiled Ten"siled (?), a. Made tensile. [R.] Tensility Ten*sil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tensile, or capable of extension; tensibility; as, the tensility of the muscles. Dr. H. Mere. Tension Ten"sion (?), n. [L. tensio, from tendere, tensum, to stretch: cf. F. tension. See Tense, a.] 1. The act of stretching or straining; the state of being stretched or strained to stiffness; the state of being bent strained; as, the tension of the muscles, tension of the larynx. 2. Fig.: Extreme strain of mind or excitement of feeling; intense effort. 3. The degree of stretching to which a wire, cord, piece of timber, or the like, is strained by drawing it in the direction of its length; strain. Gwilt. 4. (Mech.) The force by which a part is pulled when forming part of any system in equilibrium or in motion; as, the tension of a srting supporting a weight equals that weight. 5. A device for checking the delivery of the thread in a sewing machine, so as to give the stitch the required degree of tightness. 6. (Physics) Expansive force; the force with which the particles of a body, as a gas, tend to recede from each other and occupy a larger space; elastic force; elasticity; as, the tension of vapor; the tension of air. 7. (Elec.) The quality in consequence of which an electric charge tends to discharge itself, as into the air by a spark, or to pass from a body of greater to one of less electrical potential. It varies as the quantity of electricity upon a given area. Tension brace, OR Tension member (Engin.), a brace or member designed to resist tension, or subjected to tension, in a structure. -- Tension rod (Engin.), an iron rod used as a tension member to strengthen timber or metal framework, roofs, or the like. Tensioned Ten"sioned (?), a. Extended or drawn out; subjected to tension. "A highly tensioned string." Tyndall. Tensity Ten"si*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tense, or strained to stiffness; tension; tenseness. Tensive Ten"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. tensif. See Tense, a.] Giving the sensation of tension, stiffness, or contraction. A tensive pain from distension of the parts. Floyer. Tensor Ten"sor (?), n. [NL. See Tension.] 1. (Anat.) A muscle that stretches a part, or renders it tense. 2. (Geom.) The ratio of one vector to another in length, no regard being had to the direction of the two vectors; -- so called because considered as a stretching factor in changing one vector into another. See Versor. Ten-strike Ten"-strike` (?), n. 1. (Tenpins) A knocking down of all ten pins at one delivery of the ball<-- also, strike-->. [U. S.] 2. Any quick, decisive stroke or act. [Colloq. U.S.] Tensure Ten"sure (?), n. [L. tensura. See Tension.] Tension. [Obs.] Bacon. Tent Tent (?), n. [Sp. tinto, properly, deep-colored, fr. L. tinctus, p.p. of tingere to dye. See Tinge, and cf. Tint, Tinto.] A kind of wine of a deep red color, chiefly from Galicia or Malaga in Spain; -- called also tent wine, and tinta. Tent Tent, n. [Cf. Attent, n.] 1. Attention; regard, care. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Lydgate. 2. Intention; design. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Tent Tent, v. t. To attend to; to heed; hence, to guard; to hinder. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell. Tent Tent, v. t. [OF. tenter. See Tempt.] To probe or to search with a tent; to keep open with a tent; as, to tent a wound. Used also figuratively. I'll tent him to the quick. Shak. Tent Tent, n. [F. tente. See Tent to probe.] (Surg.) (a) A roll of lint or linen, or a conical or cylindrical piece of sponge or other absorbent, used chiefly to dilate a natural canal, to keep open the orifice of a wound, or to absorb discharges. (b) A probe for searching a wound. The tent that searches To the bottom of the worst. Shak. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1486 Tent Tent (?), n. [OE. tente, F. tente, LL. tenta, fr. L. tendere, tentum, to stretch. See Tend to move, and cf. Tent a roll of lint.] 1. A pavilion or portable lodge consisting of skins, canvas, or some strong cloth, stretched and sustained by poles, -- used for sheltering persons from the weather, especially soldiers in camp. Within his tent, large as is a barn. Chaucer. 2. (Her.) The representation of a tent used as a bearing. Tent bed, a high-post bedstead curtained with a tentlike canopy. -- Tent caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of gregarious caterpillars which construct on trees large silken webs into which they retreat when at rest. Some of the species are very destructive to fruit trees. The most common American species is the larva of a bombycid moth (Clisiocampa Americana). Called also lackery caterpillar, and webworm. Tent Tent, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tented; p. pr. & vb. n. Tenting.] To lodge as a tent; to tabernacle. Shak. We 're tenting to-night on the old camp ground. W. Kittredge. Tentacle Ten"ta*cle (?), n. [NL. tentaculum, from L. tentare to handle, feel: cf. F. tentacule. See Tempt.] (Zo\'94l.) A more or less elongated process or organ, simple or branched, proceeding from the head or cephalic region of invertebrate animals, being either an organ of sense, prehension, or motion. Tentacle sheath (Zo\'94l.), a sheathlike structure around the base of the tentacles of many mollusks. Tentacled Ten"ta*cled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having tentacles. Tentacular Ten*tac"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. tentaculaire.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a tentacle or tentacles. Tentaculata Ten*tac`u*la"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Ctenophora including those which have two long tentacles. Tentaculate, Tentaculated Ten*tac"u*late (?), Ten*tac"u*la`ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having tentacles, or organs like tentacles; tentacled. Tentaculifera Ten`ta*cu*lif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Suctoria, 1. Tentaculiferous Ten`ta*cu*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Tentaculum + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Producing or bearing tentacles. Tentaculiform Ten`ta*cu"li*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.)Shaped like a tentacle. Tentaculite Ten*tac"u*lite (?), n. (Paleon.) Any one of numerous species of small, conical fossil shells found in Paleozoic rocks. They are supposed to be pteropods. Tentaculocyst Ten*tac"u*lo*cyst (?), n. [Tentaculum + cyst.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the auditory organs of certain medus\'91; -- called also auditory tentacle. Tentaculum Ten*tac"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Tentacula (#). [NL. See Tentacle.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A tentacle. 2. (Anat.) One of the stiff hairs situated about the mouth, or on the face, of many animals, and supposed to be tactile organs; a tactile hair. Tentage Tent"age (?), n. [From Tent a pavilion.] A collection of tents; an encampment. [Obs.] Drayton. Tentation Ten*ta"tion (?), n. [L. tentatio: cf. F. tentation. See Temptation.] 1. Trial; temptation. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 2. (Mech.) A mode of adjusting or operating by repeated trials or experiments. Knight. Tentative Ten*ta"tive (?), a. [L. tentare to try: cf. F. tentatif. See Tempt.] Of or pertaining to a trial or trials; essaying; experimental. "A slow, tentative manner." Carlyle. -- Ten*ta"tive*ly, adv. Tentative Ten*ta"tive, n. [Cf. F. tentative.] An essay; a trial; an experiment. Berkley. Tented Tent"ed (?), a. Covered with tents. Tenter Ten"ter (?), n. 1. One who takes care of, or tends, machines in a factory; a kind of assistant foreman. 2. (Mach.) A kind of governor. Tenter Ten"ter, n. [OE. tenture, tentoure, OF. tenture a stretching, spreading, F. tenture hangings, tapestry, from L. tendere, tentum, to stretch. See Tend to move.] A machine or frame for stretching cloth by means of hooks, called tenter-hooks, so that it may dry even and square. Tenter ground, a place where tenters are erected. -- Tenter-hook, a sharp, hooked nail used for fastening cloth on a tenter. -- To be on the tenters, OR on the tenter-hooks, to be on the stretch; to be in distress, uneasiness, or suspense. Hudibras. Tenter Ten"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tentered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tentering.] To admit extension. Woolen cloth will tenter, linen scarcely. Bacon. Tenter Ten"ter, v. t. To hang or stretch on, or as on, tenters. Tentful Tent"ful (?), n.; pl. Tentfuls (. As much, or as many, as a tent will hold. Tenth Tenth (?), a. [From Ten: cf. OE. tethe, AS. te\'a2. See Ten, and cf. Tithe.] 1. Next in order after the ninth; coming after nine others. 2. Constituting or being one of ten equal parts into which anything is divided. Tenth Tenth (?), n. 1. The next in order after the ninth; one coming after nine others. 2. The quotient of a unit divided by ten; one of ten equal parts into which anything is divided. 3. The tenth part of annual produce, income, increase, or the like; a tithe. Shak. 4. (Mus.) The interval between any tone and the tone represented on the tenth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and three of the octave above; the octave of the third. 5. pl. (Eng. Law) (a) A temporary aid issuing out of personal property, and granted to the king by Parliament; formerly, the real tenth part of all the movables belonging to the subject. (b) (Eccl. Law) The tenth part of the annual profit of every living in the kingdom, formerly paid to the pope, but afterward transferred to the crown. It now forms a part of the fund called Queen Anne's Bounty. <-- (b) sic. = tithe? what kind of "living"?? prob. living, n. 5 = "the benefice of a clergyman" --> Burrill. Tenthly Tenth"ly, adv. In a tenth manner. Tenthmeter, Tenthmetre Tenth"me`ter, Tenth"me`tre (?), n. (Physics) A unit for the measurement of many small lengths, such that 1010 of these units make one meter; the ten millionth part of a millimeter. Tenthredinides Ten`thre*din"i*des (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Hymneoptera comprising the sawflies. Tentif Ten"tif (?), a. Attentive. [Obs.] Chaucer. Tentifly Ten"tif*ly, adv. Attentively. [Obs.] Chaucer. Tentiginous Ten*tig"i*nous (?), a. [L. tentigo, -inis, a tension, lecherousness, fr. tendere, tentum, to stretch.] 1. Stiff; stretched; strained. [Obs.] Johnson. 2. Lustful, or pertaining to lust. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Tentmaker Tent"mak`er (?), n. One whose occupation it is to make tents. Acts xviii. 3. Tentorium Ten*to"ri*um (?), n. [L., a tent.] (Anat.) A fold of the dura mater which separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum and often incloses a process or plate of the skull called the bony tentorium. Tentory Tent"o*ry (?), n. [L. tentorium a tent.] The awning or covering of a tent. [Obs.] Evelyn. Tentwort Tent"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of small fern, the wall rue. See under Wall. Tenuate Ten"u*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tenuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tenuating.] [L. tenuatus, p.p. of tenuare to make thin, fr. tenuis thin. See Tenuous.] To make thin; to attenuate. [R.] Tenuifolious Ten`u*i*fo"li*ous (?), a. [L. tenuis thin + folium a leaf.] (Bot.) Having thin or narrow leaves. Tenuious Te*nu"i*ous (?), a. [See Tenuous.] Rare or subtile; tenuous; -- opposed to dense. [Obs.] Glanvill. Tenuiroster Ten`u*i*ros"ter (?), n.; pl. Tenuirosters (#). [NL., fr. L. tenuis thin + rostrum a beak.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tenuirostres. Tenuirostral Ten`u*i*ros"tral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Thin-billed; -- applied to birds with a slender bill, as the humming birds. Tenuirostres Ten`u*i*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An artificial group of passerine birds having slender bills, as the humming birds. Tenuis Ten"u*is (?), n.; pl. Tenues (#). [NL., fr. L. tenuis fine, thin. See Tenuous.] (Gr. Gram.) One of the three surd mutes k, p, t; -- so called in relation to their respective middle letters, or medials, g, b, d, and their aspirates, x, f, th. The term is also applied to the corresponding letters and articulate elements in other languages. Tenuity Te*nu"i*ty (?), n. [L. tenuitas, from tenuis thin: cf. F. t\'82nuit\'82. See Tenuous.] 1. The quality or state of being tenuous; thinness, applied to a broad substance; slenderness, applied to anything that is long; as, the tenuity of a leaf; the tenuity of a hair. 2. Rarily; rareness; thinness, as of a fluid; as, the tenuity of the air; the tenuity of the blood. Bacon. 3. Poverty; indigence. [Obs.] Eikon Basilike. 4. Refinement; delicacy. Tenuous Ten"u*ous (?), a. [L. tenuis thin. See Thin, and cf. Tenuis.] 1. Thin; slender; small; minute. 2. Rare; subtile; not dense; -- said of fluids. <-- 3. Fig. Lacking substance, as a tenuous argument. --> Tenure Ten"ure (?), n. [F. tenure, OF. teneure, fr. F. tenir to hold. See Tenable.] 1. The act or right of holding, as property, especially real estate. That the tenure of estates might rest on equity, the Indian title to lands was in all cases to be quieted. Bancroft. 2. (Eng. Law) The manner of holding lands and tenements of a superior. NOTE: &hand; Te nure is in separable fr om the idea of property in land, according to the theory of the English law; and this idea of tenure pervades, to a considerable extent, the law of real property in the United States, where the title to land is essentially allodial, and almost all lands are held in fee simple, not of a superior, but the whole right and title to the property being vested in the owner. Tenure, in general, then, is the particular manner of holding real estate, as by exclusive title or ownership, by fee simple, by fee tail, by courtesy, in dower, by copyhold, by lease, at will, etc. 3. The consideration, condition, or service which the occupier of land gives to his lord or superior for the use of his land. 4. Manner of holding, in general; as, in absolute governments, men hold their rights by a precarious tenure. All that seems thine own, Held by the tenure of his will alone. Cowper. Tenure by fee alms. (Law) See Frankalmoigne. Teocalli Te`o*cal"li (?), n.; pl. Teocallis (#). [Mexican.] Literally, God's house; a temple, usually of pyramidal form, such as were built by the aborigines of Mexico, Yucatan, etc. And Aztec priests upon their teocallis Beat the wild war-drums made of serpent's skin. Longfellow. Teosinte Te`o*sin"te (?), n. (Bot.) A large grass (Euchl\'91na luxurians) closely related to maize. It is native of Mexico and Central America, but is now cultivated for fodder in the Southern United States and in many warm countries. Called also Guatemala grass. Tepal Tep"al (?), n. [F. t\'82pale, fr. p\'82tale, by transposition.] (Bot.) A division of a perianth. [R.] Tepee Tep*ee" (?), n. An Indian wigwam or tent.<-- also teepee --> Tepefaction Tep`e*fac"tion (?), n. Act of tepefying. Tepefy Tep"e*fy (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Tepefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tepefying (?).] [L. tepere to be tepid + -fy; cf. L. tepefacere. See Tepid.] To make or become tepid, or moderately warm. Goldsmith. Tephramancy Teph"ra*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by the ashes of the altar on which a victim had been consumed in sacrifice. Tephrite Teph"rite (?), n. [Gr. (Geol.) An igneous rock consisting essentially of plagioclase and either leucite or nephelite, or both. Tephroite Teph"ro*ite (?), n. [See Tephrosia.] (Min.) A silicate of manganese of an ash-gray color. Tephrosia Te*phro"si*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of leguminous shrubby plants and herbs, mostly found in tropical countries, a few herbaceous species being North American. The foliage is often ashy-pubescent, whence the name. NOTE: &hand; The Tephrosia toxicaria is used in the West Indies and in Polynesia for stupefying fish. T. purpurea is used medicinally in the East Indies. T. Virginia is the goat's rue of the United States. Tepid Tep"id (?), a. [L. tepidus, fr. tepere to be warm; akin to Skr. tap to be warm, tapas heat.] Moderately warm; lukewarm; as, a tepid bath; tepid rays; tepid vapors. -- Tep"id*ness, n. Tepidity Te*pid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. t\'82pidit\'82.] The quality or state of being tepid; moderate warmth; lukewarmness; tepidness. Jer. Taylor. Tepor Te"por (?), n. [L., fr. tepere to be tepid.] Gentle heat; moderate warmth; tepidness. Arbuthnot. Tequila Te*qui"la (?), n. An intoxicating liquor made from the maguey in the district of Tequila, Mexico. Ter- Ter- (?). A combining form from L. ter signifying three times, thrice. See Tri-, 2. Teraconic Ter`a*con"ic (?), a. [Terebic + citraconic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the distillation of terebic acid, and homologous with citraconic acid. Teracrylic Ter`a*cryl"ic (?), a. [Terpene + acrylic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the acrylic series, obtained by the distillation of terpenylic acid, as an only substance having a peculiar cheesy odor. Teraph Ter"aph (?), n.; pl. Teraphs (. See Teraphim. Teraphim Ter"a*phim (?), n. pl. [Heb. ter\'beph\'c6m.] Images connected with the magical rites used by those Israelites who added corrupt practices to the patriarchal religion. Teraphim were consulted by the Israelites for oracular answers. Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.). Terapin Ter"a*pin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Terrapin. Teratical Te*rat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Wonderful; ominous; prodigious. [Obs.] Wollaston. Teratogeny Ter`a*tog"e*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The formation of monsters. Teratoid Ter"a*toid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling a monster; abnormal; of a pathological growth, exceedingly complex or highly organized. S. D. Gross. Teratological Ter`a*to*log"ic*al (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to teratology; as, teratological changes. Teratology Ter`a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. Gr. t\'82ratologie.] 1. That branch of biological science which treats of monstrosities, malformations, or deviations from the normal type of structure, either in plants or animals. 2. Affectation of sublimity; bombast. [Obs.] Bailey. Teratoma Ter`a*to"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Med.) A tumor, sometimes found in newborn children, which is made up of a heterigenous mixture of tissues, as of bone, cartilage and muscle. Terbic Ter"bic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, terbium; also, designating certain of its compounds. Terbium Ter"bi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Ytterby, in Sweden. See Erbium.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element, of uncertain identification, supposed to exist in certain minerals, as gadolinite and samarskite, with other rare ytterbium earth. Symbol Tr or Tb. Atomic weight 150. Terce Terce (?), n. See Tierce. Tercel Ter"cel (?), n. See Tiercel. Called also tarsel, tassel. Chaucer. Tercelet Terce"let (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A male hawk or eagle; a tiercelet. Chaucer. Tercellene Ter"cel*lene (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small male hawk. [R.] Sir T. Browne. Tercentenary Ter*cen"te*na*ry (?), a. [L. ter thirce + E. centenary.] Including, or relating to, an interval of three hundred years. -- n. The three hundredth anniversary of any event; also, a celebration of such an anniversary. Tercet Ter"cet (?), n. [F., fr. It. terzetto, dim. of terzo, third, L. tertius. See Tierce, and cf. Terzetto.] 1. (Mus.) A triplet. Hiles. 2. (Poetry) A triplet; a group of three lines. Tercine Ter"cine (?), n. [F., from L. tertius the third.] (Bot.) A cellular layer derived from the nucleus of an ovule and surrounding the embryo sac. Cf. Quintine. Terebate Ter"e*bate (?), n. A salt of terebic acid. Terebene Ter"e*bene (?), n. (Chem.) A polymeric modification of terpene, obtained as a white crystalline camphorlike substance; -- called also camphene. By extension, any one of a group of related substances. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1487 Terebenthene Ter`e*ben"thene (?), n. (Chem.) Oil of turpentine. See Turpentine. Terebic Te*reb"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, terbenthene (oil of turpentine); specifically, designating an acid, C7H10O4, obtained by the oxidation of terbenthene with nitric acid, as a white crystalline substance. Terebilenic Ter`e*bi*len"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex acid, C7H8O4, obtained as a white crystalline substance by a modified oxidation of terebic acid. Terebinth Ter"e*binth (?), n. [L. terbinthus, Gr. t\'82r\'82binthe. Cf. Turpentine.] (Bot.) The turpentine tree. Terebinthic Ter`e*bin"thic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to turpentine; resembling turpentine; terbinthine; as, terbinthic qualities. Terebinthinate Ter`e*bin"thi*nate (?), a. Impregnating with the qualities of turpentine; terbinthine. Terebinthine Ter`e*bin"thine (?), a. [L. terbinthinus, Gr. Of or pertaining to turpentine; consisting of turpentine, or partaking of its qualities. Terebra Ter"e*bra (?), n.; pl. E. Terebras (#), L. Terebr\'91 (#). [L., a borer.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine gastropods having a long, tapering spire. They belong to the Toxoglossa. Called also auger shell. 2. (Zo\'94l.) The boring ovipositor of a hymenopterous insect. Terebrant Ter"e*brant (?), a. [L. terebrans, -antis, p.pr.] (Zo\'94l.) Boring, or adapted for boring; -- said of certain Hymenoptera, as the sawflies. Terebrantia Ter`e*bran"ti*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Hymenoptera including those which have an ovipositor adapted for perforating plants. It includes the sawflies. Terebrate Ter"e*brate (?), v. t. [L. terebratus, p.p. of terebrare, from terebra a borer, terere to rub.] To perforate; to bore; to pierce. [R.] Sir T. Browne. Terebrating Ter"e*bra`ting (?), a. 1. (Zo\'94l.) Boring; perforating; -- applied to molluskas which form holes in rocks, wood, etc. 2. (Med.) Boring; piercing; -- applied to certain kinds of pain, especially to those of locomotor ataxia. Terebration Ter`e*bra"tion (?), n. [L. terebratio.] The act of terebrating, or boring. [R.] Bacon. Terebratula Ter`e*brat"u*la (?), n.; pl. Terebratul\'91 (#). [Nl., dim. fr. terebratus, p.p., perforated.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of brachiopods which includes many living and some fossil species. The larger valve has a perforated beak, through which projects a short peduncle for attachment. Called also lamp shell. Terebratulid Ter`e*brat"u*lid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Terebratula or allied genera. Used also adjectively. Terebratuliform Ter`e*bra*tu"li*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the general form of a terebratula shell. Teredine Ter"e*dine (?), n. [F. t\'82r\'82dine.] (Zo\'94l.) A borer; the teredo. Teredo Te*re"do (?), n.; pl. E. Teredos (#), L. Teredines (#). [L., a worm that gnaws wood, clothes, etc.; akin to Gr. terere to rub.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of long, slender, wormlike bivalve mollusks which bore into submerged wood, such as the piles of wharves, bottoms of ships, etc.; -- called also shipworm. See Shipworm. See Illust. in App. Terephthalate Ter*eph"tha*late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of terephthalic acid. Terephthalic Ter`eph*thal"ic (?), a. [Terebene + phthalic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid of the aromatic series, metameric with phthalic acid, and obtained, as a tasteless white crystalline powder, by the oxidation of oil of turpentine; -- called also paraphthalic acid. Cf. Phthalic. Teret Ter"et (?), a. Round; terete. [Obs.] Fotherby. Terete Te*rete" (?), a. [L. teres, -etis, rounded off, properly, rubbed off, fr. terere to rub.] Cylindrical and slightly tapering; columnar, as some stems of plants. Teretial Te*re"tial (?), a. [See Terete.] (Anat.) Rounded; as, the teretial tracts in the floor of the fourth ventricle of the brain of some fishes. Owen. Teretous Ter"e*tous (?), a. Terete. [Obs.] Tergal Ter"gal (?), a. [L. tergum the back.] (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to back, or tergum. See Dorsal. Tergant Ter"gant (?), a. (Her.) Showing the back; as, the eagle tergant. [Written also tergiant.] Tergeminal, Tergeminate Ter*gem"i*nal (?), Ter*gem"i*nate (?), a. [See Tergeminous.] (Bot.) Thrice twin; having three pairs of leaflets. Tergeminous Ter*gem"i*nous (?), a. [L. tergeminus; ter thrice + geminus doubled at birth, twin-born. Cf. Trigeminous.] Threefold; thrice-paired. Blount. Tergiferous Ter*gif"er*ous (?), a. [L. tergum the back + -ferous.] Carrying or bearing upon the back. Tergiferous plants (Bot.), plants which bear their seeds on the back of their leaves, as ferns. Tergite Ter"gite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal portion of an arthromere or somite of an articulate animal. See Illust. under Coleoptera. Tergiversate Ter"gi*ver*sate (?), v. i. [L. tergiversatus, p.p. of tergiversari to turn one's back, to shift; tergum back + versare, freq. of vertere to turn. See Verse.] To shift; to practice evasion; to use subterfuges; to shuffle. [R.] Bailey. Tergiversation Ter`gi*ver*sa"tion (?), n. [L. tergiversario: cf. F. tergiversation.] 1. The act of tergiversating; a shifting; shift; subterfuge; evasion. Writing is to be preferred before verbal conferences, as being freer from passions and tergiversations. Abp. Bramhall. 2. Fickleness of conduct; inconstancy; change. The colonel, after all his tergiversations, lost his life in the king's service. Clarendon. Tergiversator Ter"gi*ver*sa`tor (?), n. [L.] One who tergiversates; one who suffles, or practices evasion. Tergum Ter"gum (?), n.; pl. Terga (#). [L., the back.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The back of an animal. (b) The dorsal piece of a somite of an articulate animal. (c) One of the dorsal plates of the operculum of a cirriped. Terin Te"rin (?), n. [F. tarin, Prov. F. tairin, t\'82rin, probably from the Picard t\'8are tender.] (Zo\'94l.) A small yellow singing bird, with an ash-colored head; the European siskin. Called also tarin. Term Term (?), n. [F. terme, L. termen, -inis, terminus, a boundary limit, end; akin to Gr. Thrum a tuft, and cf. Terminus, Determine, Exterminate.] 1. That which limits the extent of anything; limit; extremity; bound; boundary. Corruption is a reciprocal to generation, and they two are as nature's two terms, or boundaries. Bacon. 2. The time for which anything lasts; any limited time; as, a term of five years; the term of life. 3. In universities, schools, etc., a definite continuous period during which instruction is regularly given to students; as, the school year is divided into three terms. 4. (Geom.) A point, line, or superficies, that limits; as, a line is the term of a superficies, and a superficies is the term of a solid. 5. (Law) A fixed period of time; a prescribed duration; as: (a) The limitation of an estate; or rather, the whole time for which an estate is granted, as for the term of a life or lives, or for a term of years. (b) A space of time granted to a debtor for discharging his obligation. (c) The time in which a court is held or is open for the trial of causes. Bouvier. NOTE: &hand; In En gland, th ere we re fo rmerly four terms in the year, during which the superior courts were open: Hilary term, beginning on the 11th and ending on the 31st of January; Easter term, beginning on the 15th of April, and ending on the 8th of May; Trinity term, beginning on the 22d day of May, and ending on the 12th of June; Michaelmas term, beginning on the 2d and ending on the 25th day of November. The rest of the year was called vacation. But this division has been practically abolished by the Judicature Acts of 1873, 1875, which provide for the more convenient arrangement of the terms and vacations. In the United States, the terms to be observed by the tribunals of justice are prescribed by the statutes of Congress and of the several States. 6. (Logic) The subject or the predicate of a proposition; one of the three component parts of a syllogism, each one of which is used twice. The subject and predicate of a proposition are, after Aristotle, together called its terms or extremes. Sir W. Hamilton. NOTE: &hand; Th e pr edicate of the conclusion is called the major term, because it is the most general, and the subject of the conclusion is called the minor term, because it is less general. These are called the extermes; and the third term, introduced as a common measure between them, is called the mean or middle term. Thus in the following syllogism, -- Every vegetable is combustible; Every tree is a vegetable; Therefore every tree is combustible, - combustible, the predicate of the conclusion, is the major term; tree is the minor term; vegetable is the middle term. 7. A word or expression; specifically, one that has a precisely limited meaning in certain relations and uses, or is peculiar to a science, art, profession, or the like; as, a technical term. "Terms quaint of law." Chaucer. In painting, the greatest beauties can not always be expressed for want of terms. Dryden. 8. (Arch.) A quadrangular pillar, adorned on the top with the figure of a head, as of a man, woman, or satyr; -- called also terminal figure. See Terminus, n., 2 and 3. NOTE: &hand; Th e pi llar pa rt fr equently ta pers downward, or is narrowest at the base. Terms rudely carved were formerly used for landmarks or boundaries. Gwilt. 9. (Alg.) A member of a compound quantity; as, a or b in a + b; ab or cd in ab - cd. 10. pl. (Med.) The menses. 11. pl. (Law) Propositions or promises, as in contracts, which, when assented to or accepted by another, settle the contract and bind the parties; conditions. 12. (Law) In Scotland, the time fixed for the payment of rents. NOTE: &hand; Terms legal and conventional in Scotland correspond to quarter days in England and Ireland. There are two legal terms -- Whitsunday, May 15, and Martinmas, Nov. 11; and two conventional terms -- Candlemas, Feb. 2, and Lammas day, Aug. 1. Mozley & W. 13. (Naut.) A piece of carved work placed under each end of the taffrail. J. Knowels. In term, in set terms; in formal phrase. [Obs.] I can not speak in term. Chaucer. -- Term fee (Law) (a), a fee by the term, chargeable to a suitor, or by law fixed and taxable in the costs of a cause for each or any term it is in court. -- Terms of a proportion (Math.), the four members of which it is composed. -- To bring to terms, to compel (one) to agree, assent, or submit; to force (one) to come to terms. -- To make terms, to come to terms; to make an agreement: to agree. Syn. -- Limit; bound; boundary; condition; stipulation; word; expression. -- Term, Word. These are more frequently interchanged than almost any other vocables that occur of the language. There is, however, a difference between them which is worthy of being kept in mind. Word is generic; it denotes an utterance which represents or expresses our thoughts and feelings. Term originally denoted one of the two essential members of a proposition in logic, and hence signifies a word of specific meaning, and applicable to a definite class of objects. Thus, we may speak of a scientific or a technical term, and of stating things in distinct terms. Thus we say, "the term minister literally denotes servant;" "an exact definition of terms is essential to clearness of thought;" "no term of reproach can sufficiently express my indignation;" "every art has its peculiar and distinctive terms," etc. So also we say, "purity of style depends on the choice of words, and precision of style on a clear understanding of the terms used." Term is chiefly applied to verbs, nouns, and adjectives, these being capable of standing as terms in a logical proposition; while prepositions and conjunctions, which can never be so employed, are rarely spoken of as terms, but simply as words. Term Term (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Termed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Terming.] [See Term, n., and cf. Terminate.] To apply a term to; to name; to call; to denominate. Men term what is beyond the limits of the universe "imaginary space." Locke. Terma Ter"ma (?), n. [NL. See Term, n.] (Anat.) The terminal lamina, or thin ventral part, of the anterior wall of the third ventricle of the brain. B. G. Wilder. Termagancy Ter"ma*gan*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being termagant; turbulence; tumultuousness; as, a violent termagancy of temper. Termagant Ter"ma*gant (?), n. [OE. Trivigant, Termagant, Termagant (in sense 1), OF. Tervagan; cf. It. Trivigante.] 1. An imaginary being supposed by the Christians to be a Mohammedan deity or false god. He is represented in the ancient moralities, farces, and puppet shows as extremely vociferous and tumultous. [Obs.] Chaucer. "And oftentimes by Termagant and Mahound [Mahomet] swore." Spenser. The lesser part on Christ believed well, On Termagant the more, and on Mahound. Fairfax. 2. A boisterous, brawling, turbulent person; -- formerly applied to both sexes, now only to women. This terrible termagant, this Nero, this Pharaoh. Bale (1543). The slave of an imperious and reckless termagant. Macaulay. Termagant Ter"ma*gant, a. Tumultuous; turbulent; boisterous; furious; quarrelsome; scolding. -- Ter"ma*gant*ly, adv. A termagant, imperious, prodigal, profligate wench. Arbuthnot. Termatarium Ter`ma*ta"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Termes.] (Zo\'94l.) Any nest or dwelling of termes, or white ants. Termatary Ter"ma*ta*ry (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Termatarium. Termer Term"er (?), n. 1. One who resorted to London during the law term only, in order to practice tricks, to carry on intrigues, or the like. [Obs.] [Written also termor.] B. Jonson. 2. (Law) One who has an estate for a term of years or for life. Termes Ter"mes (?), n.; pl. Termities (#). [L. termes, tarmes, -itis, a woodworm. Cf. Termite.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Pseudoneuroptera including the white ants, or termites. See Termite. Terminable Ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [See Terminate.] Capable of being terminated or bounded; limitable. -- Ter"mi*na*ble*ness, n. Terminable annuity, an annuity for a stated, definite number of years; -- distinguished from life annuity, and perpetual annuity. Terminal Ter"mi*nal (?), a. [L. terminals: cf. F. terminal. See Term, n.] 1. Of or pertaining to the end or extremity; forming the extremity; as, a terminal edge. 2. (Bot.) Growing at the end of a branch or stem; terminating; as, a terminal bud, flower, or spike. Terminal moraine. See the Note under Moraine. -- Terminal statue. See Terminus, n., 2 and 3. -- Terminal velocity. (a) The velocity acquired at the end of a body's motion. (b) The limit toward which the velocity of a body approaches, as of a body falling through the air. Terminal Ter"mi*nal, n. 1. That which terminates or ends; termination; extremity. 2. (Eccl.) Either of the ends of the conducting circuit of an electrical apparatus, as an inductorium, dynamo, or electric motor, usually provided with binding screws for the attachment of wires by which a current may be conveyed into or from the machine; a pole. <-- 3. (a) The station at either end of a line used by a carrier (as a bus line or railroad) for transporting freight or passengers; also, a station on such a line which serves a large area. (b) The city in which the terminal is located. bus terminal, a station where passenger buses start or end a trip. freight terminal, a terminal used for loading or unloading of freight. --> Terminalia Ter`mi*na"li*a (?), n. pl. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) A festival celebrated annually by the Romans on February 23 in honor of Terminus, the god of boundaries. Terminant Ter"mi*nant (?), n. [L. terminans, p.pr. of terminare.] Termination; ending. [R.] Puttenham. Terminate Ter"mi*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Terminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Terminating.] [L. terminatus, p.p. of terminare. See Term.] 1. To set a term or limit to; to form the extreme point or side of; to bound; to limit; as, to terminate a surface by a line. 2. To put an end to; to make to cease; as, to terminate an effort, or a controversy. 3. Hence, to put the finishing touch to; to bring to completion; to perfect. During this interval of calm and prosperity, he [Michael Angelo] terminated two figures of slaves, destined for the tomb, in an incomparable style of art. J. S. Harford. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1488 Terminate Ter"mi*nate (?), v. i. 1. To be limited in space by a point, line, or surface; to stop short; to end; to cease; as, the torrid zone terminates at the tropics. 2. To come to a limit in time; to end; to close. The wisdom of this world, its designs and efficacy, terminate on zhis side heaven. South. Termination Ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L. terminatio a bounding, fixing, determining: cf. F. terminasion, OF. also termination. See Term.] 1. The act of terminating, or of limiting or setting bounds; the act of ending or concluding; as, a voluntary termination of hostilities. 2. That which ends or bounds; limit in space or extent; bound; end; as, the termination of a line. 3. End in time or existence; as, the termination of the year, or of life; the termination of happiness. 4. End; conclusion; result. Hallam. 5. Last purpose of design. [R.] 6. A word; a term. [R. & Obs.] Shak. 7. (Gram.) The ending of a word; a final syllable or letter; the part added to a stem in inflection. Terminational Ter`mi*na"tion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to termination; forming a termination. Terminative Ter"mi*na*tive (?), a. Tending or serving to terminate; terminating; determining; definitive. Bp. Rust. -- Ter"mi*na*tive*ly, adv. Jer. Taylor. Terminator Ter"mi*na`tor (?), n. [L., he who limits or sets bounds.] 1. One who, or that which, terminates. 2. (Astron.) The dividing line between the illuminated and the unilluminated part of the moon. <-- The Terminator. Arnold Schwarzenegger. --> Terminatory Ter"mi*na*to*ry (?), a. Terminative. Termine Ter"mine (?), v. t. [Cf. F. terminer.] To terminate. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Terminer Ter"mi*ner (?), n. [F. terminer to bound, limit, end. See Terminate.] (Law) A determining; as, in oyer and terminer. See Oyer. Terminism Ter"mi*nism (?), n. The doctrine held by the Terminists. Terminist Ter"mi*nist (?), n. [Cf. F. terministe.] (Theol.) One of a class of theologians who maintain that God has fixed a certain term for the probation of individual persons, during which period, and no longer, they have the offer to grace. Murdock. Terminological Ter`mi*no*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to terminology. -- Ter`mi*no*log"ic*al*ly, adv. Terminology Ter`mi*nol"o*gy (?), n. [L. terminus term + -logy: cf. F. terminologie.] 1. The doctrine of terms; a theory of terms or appellations; a treatise on terms. 2. The terms actually used in any business, art, science, or the like; nomenclature; technical terms; as, the terminology of chemistry. The barbarous effect produced by a German structure of sentence, and a terminology altogether new. De Quincey. Terminus Ter"mi*nus (?), n.; pl. Termini (#). [L. See Term.] 1. Literally, a boundary; a border; a limit. 2. (Myth.) The Roman divinity who presided over boundaries, whose statue was properly a short pillar terminating in the bust of a man, woman, satyr, or the like, but often merely a post or stone stuck in the ground on a boundary line. 3. Hence, any post or stone marking a boundary; a term. See Term, 8. 4. Either end of a railroad line; also, the station house, or the town or city, at that place. Termite Ter"mite (?), n.; pl. Termites (#). [F. See Termes.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of pseudoneoropterous insects belonging to Termes and allied genera; -- called also white ant. See Illust. of White ant. NOTE: &hand; Th ey are very abundant in tropical countries, and are noted for their destructive habits, their large nests, their remarkable social instincts, and their division of labor among the polymorphic individuals of several kinds. Besides the males and females, each nest has ordinary workers, and large-headed individuals called soldiers. Termless Term"less (?), a. 1. Having no term or end; unlimited; boundless; unending; as, termless time. [R.] "Termless joys." Sir W. Raleigh. 2. Inexpressible; indescribable. [R.] Shak. Termly Term"ly (?), a. Occurring every term; as, a termly fee. [R.] Bacon. Termly Term"ly, adv. Term by term; every term. [R.] "Fees . . . that are termly given." Bacon. Termonology Ter`mo*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] Terminology. [R.] Termor Term"or (?), n. (Law) Same as Termer, 2. Tern Tern (?), n. [Dan. terne, t\'91rne; akin to Sw. t\'84rna, Icel. ; cf. NL. sterna.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of long-winged aquatic birds, allied to the gulls, and belonging to Sterna and various allied genera. NOTE: &hand; Te rns di ffer fr om gu lls ch iefly in their graceful form, in their weaker and more slender bills and feet, and their longer and more pointed wings. The tail is usually forked. Most of the species are white with the back and wings pale gray, and often with a dark head. The common European tern (Sterna hirundo) is found also in Asia and America. Among other American species are the arctic tern (S. paradis\'91a), the roseate tern (S. Dougalli), the least tern (S. Antillarum), the royal tern (S. maxima), and the sooty tern (S. fuliginosa). Hooded tern. See Fairy bird, under Fairy. -- Marsh tern, any tern of the genus Hydrochelidon. They frequent marshes and rivers and feed largely upon insects. -- River tern, any tern belonging to Se\'89na or allied genera which frequent rivers. -- Sea tern, any tern of the genus Thalasseus. Terns of this genus have very long, pointed wings, and chiefly frequent seas and the mouths of large rivers. Tern Tern (?), a. [L. pl. terni three each, three; akin to tres three. See Three, and cf. Trine.] Threefold; triple; consisting of three; ternate. Tern flowers (Bot.), flowers growing three and three together. -- Tern leaves (Bot.), leaves arranged in threes, or three by three, or having three in each whorl or set. -- Tern peduncles (Bot.), three peduncles growing together from the same axis. -- Tern schooner (Naut.), a three-masted schooner. Tern Tern, n. [F. terne. See Tern, a.] That which consists of, or pertains to, three things or numbers together; especially, a prize in a lottery resulting from the favorable combination of three numbers in the drawing; also, the three numbers themselves. She'd win a tern in Thursday's lottery. Mrs. Browning. Ternary Ter"na*ry (?), a. [L. ternarius, fr. terni. See Tern, a.] 1. Proceeding by threes; consisting of three; as, the ternary number was anciently esteemed a symbol of perfection, and held in great veneration. 2. (Chem.) Containing, or consisting of, three different parts, as elements, atoms, groups, or radicals, which are regarded as having different functions or relations in the molecule; thus, sodic hydroxide, NaOH, is a ternary compound. Ternary Ter"na*ry, n.; pl. Ternaries (. A ternion; the number three; three things taken together; a triad. Some in ternaries, some in pairs, and some single. Holder. Ternate Ter"nate (?), a. [NL. ternatus, fr. L. terni three each. See Tern, a.] Having the parts arranged by threes; as, ternate branches, leaves, or flowers. -- Ter"nate*ly, adv. Terneplate Terne"plate` (?), n. [See Tern, a., and Plate.] Thin iron sheets coated with an alloy of lead and tin; -- so called because made up of three metals. Ternion Ter"ni*on (?), n. [L. ternio, fr. terni three each. See Tern, a.] The number three; three things together; a ternary. Bp. Hall. Terpene Ter"pene (?), n. [See Turpentine.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of isomeric hydrocarbons of pleasant aromatic odor, occurring especially in coniferous plants and represented by oil of turpentine, but including also certain hydrocarbons found in some essential oils. Terpentic Ter*pen"tic (?), a. (Chem.) Terpenylic. Terpenylic Ter`pe*nyl"ic (?), a. [Terpene + -yl + -ic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid, C8H12O4 (called also terpentic acid), homologous with terebic acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance by the oxidation of oil of turpentine with chromic acid. Terpilene Ter"pi*lene (?), n. (Chem.) A polymeric form of terpene, resembling terbene. Terpin Ter"pin (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance regarded as a hydrate of oil of turpentine. Terpinol Ter"pin*ol (?), n. [Terpin + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Any oil substance having a hyacinthine odor, obtained by the action of acids on terpin, and regarded as a related hydrate. Terpsichore Terp*sich"o*re (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Myth.) The Muse who presided over the choral song and the dance, especially the latter. Terpsichorean Terp`sich*o*re"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Terpsichore; of or pertaining to dancing. Terra Ter"ra (?), n. [It. & L. See Terrace.] The earth; earth. Terra alba [L., white earth] (Com.), a white amorphous earthy substance consisting of burnt gypsum, aluminium silicate (kaolin), or some similar ingredient, as magnesia. It is sometimes used to adulterate certain foods, spices, candies, paints, etc. -- Terra cotta. [It., fr. terra earth + cotta, fem. of cotto cooked, L. coctus, p.p. of coquere to cook. See Cook, n.] Baked clay; a kind of hard pottery used for statues, architectural decorations, figures, vases, and the like. -- Terr\'91 filius [L., son of the earth], formerly, one appointed to write a satirical Latin poem at the public acts in the University of Oxford; -- not unlike the prevaricator at Cambridge, England. -- Terra firma [L.], firm or solid earth, as opposed to water. -- Terra Japonica. [NL.] Same as Gambier. It was formerly supposed to be a kind of earth from Japan. -- Terra Lemnia [L., Lemnian earth], Lemnian earth. See under Lemnian. -- Terra ponderosa [L., ponderous earth] (Min.), barite, or heavy spar. -- Terra di Sienna. See Sienna. Terrace Ter"race (?), n. [F. terrasse (cf. Sp. terraza, It. terrazza), fr. L. terra the earth, probably for tersa, originally meaning, dry land, and akin to torrere to parch, E. torrid, and thirst. See Thirst, and cf. Fumitory, Inter, v., Patterre, Terrier, Trass, Tureen, Turmeric.] 1. A raised level space, shelf, or platform of earth, supported on one or more sides by a wall, a bank of tuft, or the like, whether designed for use or pleasure. 2. A balcony, especially a large and uncovered one. 3. A flat roof to a house; as, the buildings of the Oriental nations are covered with terraces. 4. A street, or a row of houses, on a bank or the side of a hill; hence, any street, or row of houses. 5. (Geol.) A level plain, usually with a steep front, bordering a river, a lake, or sometimes the sea. NOTE: &hand; Ma ny ri vers ar e bordered by a series of terraces at different levels, indicating the flood plains at successive periods in their history. Terrace epoch. (Geol.) See Drift epoch, under Drift, a. Terrace Ter"race, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Terraced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Terracing (?).] To form into a terrace or terraces; to furnish with a terrace or terraces, as, to terrace a garden, or a building. Sir H. Wotton. Clermont's terraced height, and Esher's groves. Thomson. Terraculture Ter"ra*cul`ture (?), n. [L. terra the earth + cultura.] Cultivation on the earth; agriculture. [R.] -- Ter`ra*cul"tur*al (#), a. [R.] Terrane Ter"rane (?), n. [F. terrain, from L. terra earth.] (Geol.) A group of rocks having a common age or origin; -- nearly equivalent to formation, but used somewhat less comprehensively. Terrapin Ter"ra*pin (?), n. [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of tortoises living in fresh and brackish waters. Many of them are valued for food. [Written also terapin, terrapen, terrapene, and turapen.] <-- acebra? print unclear?? --> NOTE: &hand; Th e yellow-bellied terrapin (Pseudemys acebra) of the Southern United States, the red-bellied terrapin (Pseudemys rugosa), native of the tributaries Chesapeake Bay (called also potter, slider, and redfender), and the diamond-back or salt-marsh terrapin (Malaclemmys palustris), are the most important American species. The diamond-back terrapin is native of nearly the whole of the Atlantic coast of the United States. Alligator terrapin, the snapping turtle. -- Mud terrapin, any one of numerous species of American tortoises of the genus Cinosternon. -- Painted terrapin, the painted turtle. See under Painted. -- Speckled terrapin, a small fresh-water American terrapin (Chelopus guttatus) having the carapace black with round yellow spots; -- called also spotted turtle. Terraqueous Ter*ra"que*ous (?), a. [L. terra the earth + E. aqueous.] Consisting of land and water; as, the earth is a terraqueous globe. Cudworth. The grand terraqueous spectacle From center to circumference unveiled. Wordsworth. Terrar Ter"rar (?), n. [LL. terrarius liber. See Terrier a collection of acknowledgments.] (O. Eng. Law) See 2d Terrier, 2. Terras Ter"ras (?), n. (Min.) See . Terreen Ter*reen" (?), n. See Turren. Terreity Ter*re"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being earthy; earthiness. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Terrel Ter"rel (?), n. [NL. terrella, from L. terra the earth.] A spherical magnet so placed that its poles, equator, etc., correspond to those of the earth. [Obs.] Chambers. Terremote Terre"mote` (?), n. [OF. terremote, terremoete, fr. L. terra the earth + movere, motum, to move.] An earthquake. [Obs.] Gower. Terrene Ter*rene" (?), n. A tureen. [Obs.] Walpole. Terrene Ter*rene", a. [L. terrenus, fr. terra the earth. See Terrace.] 1. Of or pertaining to the earth; earthy; as, terrene substance. Holland. 2. Earthy; terrestrial. God set before him a mortal and immortal life, a nature celestial and terrene. Sir W. Raleigh. Be true and faithful to the king and his heirs, and truth and faith to bear of life and limb, and terrene honor. O. Eng. Oath of Allegiance, quoted by Blackstone. Common conceptions of the matters which lie at the basis of our terrene experience. Hickok. Terrene Ter*rene", n. [L. terrenum land, ground: cf. F. terrain.] 1. The earth's surface; the earth. [Poetic] Tenfold the length of this terrene. Milton. 2. (Surv.) The surface of the ground. Terrenity Ter*ren"i*ty (?), n. Earthiness; worldliness. [Obs.] "A dull and low terrenity." Feltham. Terreous Ter"re*ous (?), a. [L. terreus, fr. terra the earth. See Terrace.] Consisting of earth; earthy; as, terreous substances; terreous particles. [Obs.] Terreplein Terre"plein` (?), n. [F., fr. L. terra earth + planus even, level, plain.] (Fort.) The top, platform, or horizontal surface, of a rampart, on which the cannon are placed. See Illust. of Casemate. Terrestre Ter*res"tre (?), a. [OE., from OF. & F. terrestre.] Terrestrial; earthly. [Obs.] "His paradise terrestre." Chaucer. Terrestrial Ter*res"tri*al (?), a. [L. terrestris, from terra the earth. See Terrace.] 1. Of or pertaining to the earth; existing on the earth; earthly; as, terrestrial animals. "Bodies terrestrial." 1 Cor. xv. 40. 2. Representing, or consisting of, the earth; as, a terrestrial globe. "The dark terrestrial ball." Addison. 3. Of or pertaining to the world, or to the present state; sublunary; mundane. Vain labors of terrestrial wit. Spenser. A genius bright and base, Of towering talents, and terrestrial aims. Young. 4. Consisting of land, in distinction from water; belonging to, or inhabiting, the land or ground, in distinction from trees, water, or the like; as, terrestrial serpents. The terrestrial parts of the globe. Woodward. 5. Adapted for the observation of objects on land and on the earth; as, a terrestrial telescope, in distinction from an astronomical telescope. -- Ter*res"tri*al*ly, adv. -- Ter*res"tri*al*ness, n. Terrestrial Ter*res"tri*al, n. An inhabitant of the earth. Terrestrify Ter*res"tri*fy (?), v. t. [L. terrestris terrestrial + -fy.] To convert or reduce into a condition like that of the earth; to make earthy. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Terrestrious Ter*res"tri*ous (?), a. [See Terrestrial.] Terrestrial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Terret Ter"ret (?), n. One of the rings on the top of the saddle of a harness, through which the reins pass. Terre-tenant Terre"-ten`ant (?), n. [F. terre earth, land + tenant, p.pr. of tenir to hold.] (Law) One who has the actual possession of land; the occupant. [Written also ter-tenant.] _________________________________________________________________ Page 1489 Terre-verte Terre"-verte` (?), n. [F., fr. terre earth + vert, verte, green.] An olive-green earth used as a pigment. See Glauconite. Terrible Ter"ri*ble (?), a. [F., fr. L. terribilis, fr. terrere to frighten. See Terror.] 1. Adapted or likely to excite terror, awe, or dread; dreadful; formidable. Prudent in peace, and terrible in war. Prior. Thou shalt not be affrighted at them; for the Lord thy God is among you, a mighty God and terrible. Deut. vii. 21. 2. Excessive; extreme; severe. [Colloq.] The terrible coldness of the season. Clarendon. Syn. -- Terrific; fearful; frightful; formidable; dreadful; horrible; shocking; awful. -- Ter"ri*ble*ness, n. -- Ter"ri*bly, adv. Terricol\'91 Ter*ric"o*l\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. terra + colere to inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of annelids including the common earthworms and allied species. Terrienniak Ter`ri*en"ni*ak (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The arctic fox. Terrier Ter"ri*er (?), n. [CF. L. terere to rub, to rub away, terebra a borer.] An auger or borer. [Obs.] Terrier Ter"ri*er, n. 1. [F. terrier, chien terrier, from terre the earth, L. terra; cf. F. terrier a burrow, LL. terrarium a hillock (hence the sense, a mound thrown up in making a burrow, a burrow). See Terrace, and cf. Terrier, 2.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a breed of small dogs, which includes several distinct subbreeds, some of which, such as the Skye terrier and Yorkshire terrier, have long hair and drooping ears, while others, at the English and the black-and-tan terriers, have short, close, smooth hair and upright ears. NOTE: &hand; Mo st ki nds of terriers are noted for their courage, the acuteness of their sense of smell, their propensity to hunt burrowing animals, and their activity in destroying rats, etc. See Fox terrier, under Fox. 2. [F. terrier, papier terrier, LL. terrarius liber, i.e., a book belonging or pertaining to land or landed estates. See Terrier, 1, and cf. Terrar.] (Law) (a) Formerly, a collection of acknowledgments of the vassals or tenants of a lordship, containing the rents and services they owed to the lord, and the like. (b) In modern usage, a book or roll in which the lands of private persons or corporations are described by their site, boundaries, number of acres, or the like. [Written also terrar.] Terrific Ter*rif"ic (?), a. [L. terrificus; fr. terrere to frighten + facere to make. See Terror, and Fact.] Causing terror; adapted to excite great fear or dread; terrible; as, a terrific form; a terrific sight. Terrifical Ter*rif"ic*al (?), a. Terrific. [R.] Terrifically Ter*rif"ic*al*ly, adv. In a terrific manner. Terrify Ter"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Terrified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Terrifying (?).] [L. terrere to frighten + -fy: cf. F. terrifier, L. terrificare. See Terrific, and -fy.] 1. To make terrible. [Obs.] If the law, instead of aggravating and terrifying sin, shall give out license, it foils itself. Milton. 2. To alarm or shock with fear; to frighten. When ye shall hear of wars . . . be not terrified. Luke xxi. 9. Terrigenous Ter*rig"e*nous (?), a. [L. terrigena, terrigenus; terra the earth + genere, gignere, to bring forth.] Earthborn; produced by the earth. Territorial Ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a. [L. territorialis: cf. F. territorial.] 1. Of or pertaining to territory or land; as, territorial limits; territorial jurisdiction. 2. Limited to a certain district; as, right may be personal or territorial. 3. Of or pertaining to all or any of the Territories of the United States, or to any district similarly organized elsewhere; as, Territorial governments. Territorialize Ter`ri*to"ri*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Territorialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Territorializing (?).] 1. To enlarge by extension of territory. 2. To reduce to the condition of a territory. Territorially Ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In regard to territory; by means of territory. Territored Ter"ri*to*red (?), a. Possessed of territory. [R.] Territory Ter"ri*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Territories (#). [L. territorium, from terra the earth: cf. F. territoire. See Terrace.] 1. A large extent or tract of land; a region; a country; a district. He looked, and saw wide territory spread Before him -- towns, and rural works between. Milton. 2. The extent of land belonging to, or under the dominion of, a prince, state, or other form of government; often, a tract of land lying at a distance from the parent country or from the seat of government; as, the territory of a State; the territories of the East India Company. 3. In the United States, a portion of the country not included within the limits of any State, and not yet admitted as a State into the Union, but organized with a separate legislature, under a Territorial governor and other officers appointed by the President and Senate of the United States. In Canada, a similarly organized portion of the country not yet formed into a Province. Terror Ter"ror (?), n. [L. terror, akin to terrere to frighten, for tersere; akin to Gr. tras to tremble, to be afraid, Russ. triasti to shake: cf. F. terreur. Cf. Deter.] 1. Extreme fear; fear that agitates body and mind; violent dread; fright. Terror seized the rebel host. Milton. 2. That which excites dread; a cause of extreme fear. Those enormous terrors of the Nile. Prior. Rulers are not a terror to good works. Rom. xiii. 3. There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats. Shak. NOTE: &hand; Terror is used in the formation of compounds which are generally self-explaining: as, terror-fraught, terror-giving, terror-smitten, terror-stricken, terror-struck, and the like. King of terrors, death. Job xviii. 14. -- Reign of Terror. (F. Hist.) See in Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction. Syn. -- Alarm; fright; consternation; dread; dismay. See Alarm. Terrorism Ter"ror*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. terrorisme.] The act of terrorizing, or state of being terrorized; a mode of government by terror or intimidation. Jefferson. <-- 2. The practise of coercing governments to accede to political demands by committing violence on civilian targets; any similar use of violence to achieve goals. --> Terrorist Ter"ror*ist, n. [F. terroriste.] One who governs by terrorism or intimidation; specifically, an agent or partisan of the revolutionary tribunal during the Reign of Terror in France. Burke. <-- 2. One who commits terrorism{2}. --> Terrorize Ter"ror*ize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. terroriser.] To impress with terror; to coerce by intimidation. Humiliated by the tyranny of foreign despotism, and terrorized by ecclesiastical authority. J. A. Symonds. Terrorless Ter"ror*less, a. Free from terror. Poe. Terry Ter"ry (?), n. A kind of heavy colored fabric, either all silk, or silk and worsted, or silk and cotton, often called terry velvet, used for upholstery and trimmings. Tersanctus Ter*sanc"tus (?), n. [L. ter thrice + sanctus holy.] (Eccl.) An ancient ascription of praise (containing the word "Holy" -- in its Latin form, "Sanctus" -- thrice repeated), used in the Mass of the Roman Catholic Church and before the prayer of consecration in the communion service of the Church of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church. Cf. Trisagion. Terse Terse (?), a. [Compar. Terser (?); superl. Tersest.] [L. tersus, p.p. of tergere to rub or wipe off.] 1. Appearing as if rubbed or wiped off; rubbed; smooth; polished. [Obs.] Many stones, . . . although terse and smooth, have not this power attractive. Sir T. Browne. 2. Refined; accomplished; -- said of persons. [R. & Obs.] "Your polite and terse gallants." Massinger. 3. Elegantly concise; free of superfluous words; polished to smoothness; as, terse language; a terse style. Terse, luminous, and dignified eloquence. Macaulay. A poet, too, was there, whose verse Was tender, musical, and terse. Longfellow. Syn. -- Neat; concise; compact. Terse, Concise. Terse was defined by Johnson "cleanly written", i. e., free from blemishes, neat or smooth. Its present sense is "free from excrescences," and hence, compact, with smoothness, grace, or elegance, as in the following lones of Whitehead: - "In eight terse lines has Ph\'91drus told (So frugal were the bards of old) A tale of goats; and closed with grace, Plan, moral, all, in that short space." It differs from concise in not implying, perhaps, quite as much condensation, but chiefly in the additional idea of "grace or elegance." -- Terse"ly, adv. -- Terse"ness, n. Tersulphide Ter*sul"phide (?), n. [Pref. ter- + sulphide.] (Chem.) A trisulphide. Tersulphuret Ter*sul"phu*ret (?), n. [Pref. ter- + sulphuret.] (Chem.) A trisulphide. [R.] Ter-tenant Ter"-ten`ant (?), n. See Terre-tenant. Tertial Ter"tial (?), a. & n. [From L. tertius third, the tertial feathers being feathers of the third row. See Tierce.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tertiary. Tertian Ter"tian (?), a. [L. tertianus, from tertius the third. See Tierce.] (Med.) Occurring every third day; as, a tertian fever. Tertian Ter"tian, n. [L. tertiana (sc. febris): cf. OF. tertiane.] 1. (Med.) A disease, especially an intermittent fever, which returns every third day, reckoning inclusively, or in which the intermission lasts one day. 2. A liquid measure formerly used for wine, equal to seventy imperial, or eighty-four wine, gallons, being one third of a tun. Tertiary Ter"ti*a*ry (?), a. [L. tertiarius containing a third part, fr. tertius third: cf. F. tertiaire. See Tierce.] 1. Being of the third formation, order, or rank; third; as, a tertiary use of a word. Trench. 2. (Chem.) Possessing some quality in the third degree; having been subjected to the substitution of three atoms or radicals; as, a tertiary alcohol, amine, or salt. Cf. Primary, and Secondary. <-- specifically, an organic compound in which teh carbon atom attached to the eponymic functional group has three carbon atoms attached to it; as, tertiary butyl alcohol, (CH3)3C.OH. --> 3. (Geol.) Later than, or subsequent to, the Secondary. 4. (Zo\'94l.) Growing on the innermost joint of a bird's wing; tertial; -- said of quills. Tertiary age. (Geol.) See under Age, 8. -- Tertiary color, a color produced by the mixture of two secondaries. "The so-called tertiary colors are citrine, russet, and olive." Fairholt. -- Tertiary period. (Geol.) (a) The first period of the age of mammals, or of the Cenozoic era. (b) The rock formation of that period; -- called also Tertiary formation. See the Chart of Geology. -- Tertiary syphilis (Med.), the third and last stage of syphilis, in which it invades the bones and internal organs. Tertiary Ter"ti*a*ry, n.; pl. Tertiaries (. 1. (R. C. Ch.) A member of the Third Order in any monastic system; as, the Franciscan tertiaries; the Dominican tertiaries; the Carmelite tertiaries. See Third Order, under Third. Addis & Arnold. 2. (Geol.) The Tertiary era, period, or formation. 3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the quill feathers which are borne upon the basal joint of the wing of a bird. See Illust. of Bird. Tertiate Ter"ti*ate (?), v. t. [L. tertiatus, p.p. of tertiare to do for the third time, fr. tertius the third.] 1. To do or perform for the third time. [Obs. & R.] Johnson. 2. (Gun.) To examine, as the thickness of the metal at the muzzle of a gun; or, in general, to examine the thickness of, as ordnance, in order to ascertain its strength. Terutero Ter`u*ter"o (?), n. [Probably so named from its city.] (Zo\'94l.) The South American lapwing (Vanellus Cayennensis). Its wings are furnished with short spurs. Called also Cayenne lapwing. Terza rima Ter"za ri"ma (?). [It., a third or triple rhyme.] A peculiar and complicated system of versification, borrowed by the early Italian poets from the Troubadours. Terzetto Ter*zet"to (?), n. [It., dim. of terzo the third, L. tertius. See Tierce.] (Mus.) A composition in three voice parts; a vocal (rarely an instrumental) trio. Tesselar Tes"sel*ar (?), a. [L. tessella a small square piece, a little cube, dim. of tessera a square piece of stone, wood, etc., a die.] Formed of tesser\'91, as a mosaic. Tessellata Tes`sel*la"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tessellate.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Crinoidea including numerous fossil species in which the body is covered with tessellated plates. Tessellate Tes"sel*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tessellated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tessellating.] [L. tessellatus tessellated. See Tessellar.] To form into squares or checkers; to lay with checkered work. The floors are sometimes of wood, tessellated after the fashion of France. Macaulay. Tessellate Tes"sel*late (?), a. [L. tesselatus.] Tessellated. Tessellated Tes"sel*la`ted (?), a. 1. Formed of little squares, as mosaic work; checkered; as, a tessellated pavement. 2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Marked like a checkerboard; as, a tessellated leaf. Tessellation Tes`sel*la"tion (?), n. The act of tessellating; also, the mosaic work so formed. J. Forsyth. Tessera Tes"se*ra (?), n.; pl. Tesser\'91 (#). [L., a square piece, a die. See Tessellar.] A small piece of marble, glass, earthenware, or the like, having a square, or nearly square, face, used by the ancients for mosaic, as for making pavements, for ornamenting walls, and like purposes; also, a similar piece of ivory, bone, wood, etc., used as a ticket of admission to theaters, or as a certificate for successful gladiators, and as a token for various other purposes. Fairholt. Tesseraic Tes`se*ra"ic (?), a. Diversified by squares; done in mosaic; tessellated. [Obs.] Sir R. Atkyns (1712). Tesseral Tes"se*ral (?), a. 1. Of, pertaining to, or containing, tesser\'91. 2. (Crystallog.) Isometric. Tessular Tes"su*lar (?), a. (Crystallog.) Tesseral. Test Test (?), n. [OE. test test, or cupel, potsherd, F. t\'88t, from L. testum an earthen vessel; akin to testa a piece of burned clay, an earthen pot, a potsherd, perhaps for tersta, and akin to torrere to patch, terra earth (cf. Thirst, and Terrace), but cf. Zend tasta cup. Cf. Test a shell, Testaceous, Tester a covering, a coin, Testy, T\'88te-\'85-t\'88te.] 1. (Metal.) A cupel or cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and refinement. Our ingots, tests, and many mo. Chaucer. 2. Examination or trial by the cupel; hence, any critical examination or decisive trial; as, to put a man's assertions to a test. "Bring me to the test." Shak. 3. Means of trial; as, absence is a test of love. Each test every light her muse will bear. Dryden. 4. That with which anything is compared for proof of its genuineness; a touchstone; a standard. Life, force, and beauty must to all impart, At once the source, and end, and test of art. Pope. 5. Discriminative characteristic; standard of judgment; ground of admission or exclusion. Our test excludes your tribe from benefit. Dryden. 6. Judgment; distinction; discrimination. Who would excel, when few can make a test Betwixt indifferent writing and the best? Dryden. 7. (Chem.) A reaction employed to recognize or distinguish any particular substance or constituent of a compound, as the production of some characteristic precipitate; also, the reagent employed to produce such reaction; thus, the ordinary test for sulphuric acid is the production of a white insoluble precipitate of barium sulphate by means of some soluble barium salt. Test act (Eng. Law), an act of the English Parliament prescribing a form of oath and declaration against transubstantiation, which all officers, civil and military, were formerly obliged to take within six months after their admission to office. They were obliged also to receive the sacrament according to the usage of the Church of England. Blackstone. -- Test object (Optics), an object which tests the power or quality of a microscope or telescope, by requiring a certain degree of excellence in the instrument to determine its existence or its peculiar texture or markings. -- Test paper. (a) (Chem.) Paper prepared for use in testing for certain substances by being saturated with a reagent which changes color in some specific way when acted upon by those substances; thus, litmus paper is turned red by acids, and blue by alkalies, turmeric paper is turned brown by alkalies, etc. (b) (Law) An instrument admitted as a standard or comparison of handwriting in those jurisdictions in which comparison of hands is permitted as a mode of proving handwriting. -- Test tube. (Chem.) (a) A simple tube of thin glass, closed at one end, for heating solutions and for performing ordinary reactions. (b) A graduated tube. Syn. -- Criterion; standard; experience; proof; experiment; trial. -- Test, Trial. Trial is the wider term; test is a searching and decisive trial. It is derived from the Latin testa (earthen pot), which term was early applied to the fining pot, or crucible, in which metals are melted for trial and refinement. Hence the peculiar force of the word, as indicating a trial or criterion of the most decisive kind. I leave him to your gracious acceptance, whose trial shall better publish his commediation. Shak. Thy virtue, prince, has stood the test of fortune, Like purest gold, that tortured in the furnace, Comes out more bright, and brings forth all its weight. Addison. Test Test, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tested; p. pr. & vb. n. Testing.] 1. (Metal.) To refine, as gold or silver, in a test, or cupel; to subject to cupellation. 2. To put to the proof; to prove the truth, genuineness, or quality of by experiment, or by some principle or standard; to try; as, to test the soundness of a principle; to test the validity of an argument. Experience is the surest standard by which to test the real tendency of the existing constitution. Washington. 3. (Chem.) To examine or try, as by the use of some reagent; as, to test a solution by litmus paper. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1490 Test Test (?), n. [L. testis. Cf. Testament, Testify.] A witness. [Obs.] Prelates and great lords of England, who were for the more surety tests of that deed. Ld. Berners. Test Test, v. i. [L. testari. See Testament.] To make a testament, or will. [Obs.] Test, Testa Test (?), Tes"ta (?), n.; pl. E. Tests (#), L. Test\'91 (#). [L. testa a piece of burned clay, a broken piece of earthenware, a shell. See Test a cupel.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The external hard or firm covering of many invertebrate animals. NOTE: &hand; Th e te st of cr ustaceans an d in sects is composed largely of chitin; in mollusks it is composed chiefly of calcium carbonate, and is called the shell. 2. (Bot.) The outer integument of a seed; the episperm, or spermoderm. Testable Test"a*ble (?), a. [See Testament.] 1. Capable of being tested or proved. 2. Capable of being devised, or given by will. Testacea Tes*ta"ce*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. testaceum a shelled anumal. See Testaceous.] (Zo\'94l.) Invertebrate animals covered with shells, especially mollusks; shellfish. Testacean Tes*ta"cean (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Onr of the Testacea. Testaceography Tes*ta`ce*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Testacea + -graphy: cf. F. testac\'82ographie.] The science which treats of testaceans, or shellfish; the description of shellfish. [R.] Testaceology Tes*ta`ce*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Testacea + -logy: cf. F. testac\'82ologie.] The science of testaceous mollusks; conchology. [R.] Testaceous Tes*ta"ceous (?), a. [L. testaceus, fr. testa a shell. See Testa.] 1. Of or pertaining to shells; consisted of a hard shell, or having a hard shell. 2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Having a dull red brick color or a brownish yellow color. Testaceous animals (Zo\'94l.), animals having a firm, calcareous shell, as oysters and clams, thus distinguished from crustaceous animals, whose shells are more thin and soft, and consist of several joints, or articulations, as lobsters and crabs. Testacy Tes"ta*cy (?), n. [See Testate.] (Law) The state or circumstance of being testate, or of leaving a valid will, or testament, at death. Testament Tes"ta*ment (?), n. [F., fr. L. testamentum, fr. testari to be a witness, to make one's last will, akin to testis a witness. Cf. Intestate, Testify.] 1. (Law) A solemn, authentic instrument in writing, by which a person declares his will as to disposal of his estate and effects after his death. NOTE: &hand; Th is is otherwise called a will, and sometimes a last will and testament. A testament, to be valid, must be made by a person of sound mind; and it must be executed and published in due form of law. A man, in certain cases, may make a valid will by word of mouth only. See Nuncupative will, under Nuncupative. 2. One of the two distinct revelations of God's purposes toward man; a covenant; also, one of the two general divisions of the canonical books of the sacred Scriptures, in which the covenants are respectively revealed; as, the Old Testament; the New Testament; -- often limited, in colloquial language, to the latter. He is the mediator of the new testament . . . for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament. Heb. ix. 15. Holographic testament, a testament written wholly by the testator himself. Bouvier. <-- also holographic will. "Written" means, in handwriting. --> Testamental Tes`ta*men"tal (?), a. [L. testamentalis.] Of or pertaining to a testament; testamentary. Thy testamental cup I take, And thus remember thee. J. Montgomery. Testamentary Tes`ta*men"ta*ry (?), a. [L. testamentarius: cf. F. testamentaire.] 1. Of or pertaining to a will, or testament; as, letters testamentary. 2. Bequeathed by will; given by testament. How many testamentary charities have been defeated by the negligence or fraud of executors! Atterbury. 3. Done, appointed by, or founded on, a testament, or will; as, a testamentary guardian of a minor, who may be appointed by the will of a father to act in that capacity until the child becomes of age. Testamentation Tes`ta*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act or power of giving by testament, or will. [R.] Burke. Testamentize Tes"ta*men*tize (?), v. i. To make a will. [Obs.] Fuller. Testamur Tes*ta"mur (?), n. [L., we testify, fr. testari to testify.] (Eng. Universities) A certificate of merit or proficiency; -- so called from the Latin words, Ita testamur, with which it commences. Testate Tes"tate (?), a. [L. testatus, p.p. of testari. See Testament.] (Law) Having made and left a will; as, a person is said to die testate. Ayliffe. Testate Tes"tate, n. (Law) One who leaves a valid will at death; a testate person. [R.] Testation Tes*ta"tion (?), n. [L. testatio.] A witnessing or witness. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Testator Tes*ta"tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. testateur.] (Law) A man who makes and leaves a will, or testament, at death. Testatrix Tes*ta"trix (?), n. [L.] (Law) A woman who makes and leaves a will at death; a female testator. Teste Tes"te (?), n. [So called fr. L. teste, abl. of testis a witness, because this was formerly the initial word in the clause.] (Law) (a) A witness. (b) The witnessing or concluding clause, duty attached; -- said of a writ, deed, or the like. Burrill. Tester Tes"ter (?), n. [OE. testere a headpiece, helmet, OF. testiere, F. t\'88ti\'8are a head covering, fr. OF. teste the head, F. t\'88te, fr. L. testa an earthen pot, the skull. See Test a cupel, and cf. Testi\'8are.] 1. A headpiece; a helmet. [Obs.] The shields bright, testers, and trappures. Chaucer. 2. A flat canopy, as over a pulpit or tomb. Oxf. Gross. 3. A canopy over a bed, supported by the bedposts. No testers to the bed, and the saddles and portmanteaus heaped on me to keep off the cold. Walpole. Tester Tes"ter, n. [For testern, teston, fr. F. teston, fr. OF. teste the head, the head of the king being impressed upon the coin. See Tester a covering, and cf. Testone, Testoon.] An old French silver coin, originally of the value of about eighteen pence, subsequently reduced to ninepence, and later to sixpence, sterling. Hence, in modern English slang, a sixpence; -- often contracted to tizzy. Called also teston. Shak. Testern Tes"tern (?), n. A sixpence; a tester. [Obs.] Testern Tes"tern, v. t. To present with a tester. [Obs.] Shak. Testes Tes"tes (?), n., pl. of Teste, or of Testis. Testicardines Tes`ti*car"di*nes (?), n. pl. [NL. See Test a shell, and Cardo.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of brachiopods including those which have a calcareous shell furnished with a hinge and hinge teeth. Terebratula and Spirifer are examples. Testicle Tes"ti*cle (?), n. [L. testiculus, dim. of testis a testicle, probably the same word as testis a witness, as being a witness to manhood. Cf. Test a witness.] (Anat.) One of the essential male genital glands which secrete the semen. Testicond Tes"ti*cond (?), a. [L. testis testis + condere to hide.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the testicles naturally concealed, as in the case of the cetaceans. Testicular Tes*tic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the testicle. Testiculate Tes*tic"u*late (?), a. [NL. testiculatus.] (Bot.) (a) Shaped like a testicle, ovate and solid. (b) Having two tubers resembling testicles in form, as some species of orchis. Testi\'8are Tes`ti*\'8are" (?), n. [OF. testiere. See Tester a headpiece.] A piece of plate armor for the head of a war horse; a tester. Testif Tes"tif (?), a. [See Testy.] Testy; headstrong; obstinate. [Obs.] Testif they were and lusty for to play. Chaucer. Testification Tes`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. testificatio: cf. OF. testification. See Testify.] The act of testifying, or giving testimony or evidence; as, a direct testification of our homage to God. South. Testificator Tes"ti*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [NL.] A testifier. Testifier Tes"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who testifies; one who gives testimony, or bears witness to prove anything; a witness. Testify Tes"ti*fy (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Testified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Testifying (?).] [OF. testifier, L. testificari; testis a witness + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy, and cf. Attest, Contest, Detest, Protest, Testament.] 1. To make a solemn declaration, verbal or written, to establish some fact; to give testimony for the purpose of communicating to others a knowledge of something not known to them. Jesus . . . needed not that any should testify of man, for he knew what was in man. John ii. 25. 2. (Law) To make a solemn declaration under oath or affirmation, for the purpose of establishing, or making proof of, some fact to a court; to give testimony in a cause depending before a tribunal. One witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die. Num. xxxv. 30. 3. To declare a charge; to protest; to give information; to bear witness; -- with against. O Israel, . . . I will testify against thee. Ps. l. 7. I testified against them in the day wherein they sold victuals. Neh. xiii. 15. Testify Tes"ti*fy, v. t. 1. To bear witness to; to support the truth of by testimony; to affirm or declare solemny. We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness. John iii. 11. 2. (Law) To affirm or declare under oath or affirmation before a tribunal, in order to prove some fact. Testify Tes"ti*fy, adv. In a testy manner; fretfully; peevishly; with petulance. Testimonial Tes`ti*mo"ni*al (?), n. [Cf. OF. testimoniale, LL. testimonialis, L. testimoniales (sc. litter\'91). See Testimonial, a.] 1. A writing or certificate which bears testimony in favor of one's character, good conduct, ability, etc., or of the value of a thing. 2. Something, as money or plate, presented to a preson as a token of respect, or of obligation for services rendered. Testimonial Tes`ti*mo"ni*al, a. [L. testimonialis: cf. F. testimonial.] Relating to, or containing, testimony. Testimony Tes"ti*mo*ny (?), n.; pl. Testimonies (#). [L. testimonium, from testis a witness: cf. OF. testimoine, testemoine, testimonie. See Testify.] 1. A solemn declaration or affirmation made for the purpose of establishing or proving some fact. NOTE: &hand; Su ch de claration, in ju dicial pr oceedings, may be verbal or written, but must be under oath or affirmation. 2. Affirmation; declaration; as, these doctrines are supported by the uniform testimony of the fathers; the belief of past facts must depend on the evidence of human testimony, or the testimony of historians. 3. Open attestation; profession. [Thou] for the testimony of truth, hast borne Universal reproach. Milton. 4. Witness; evidence; proof of some fact. When ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet for a testimony against them. Mark vi. 11. 5. (Jewish Antiq.) The two tables of the law. Thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give thee. Ex. xxv. 16. 6. Hence, the whole divine revelation; the sacre The testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple. Ps. xix. 7. Syn. -- Proof; evidence; attestation; witness; affirmation; confirmation; averment. -- Testimony, Proof, Evidence. Proof is the most familiar, and is used more frequently (though not exclusively) of facts and things which occur in the ordinary concerns of life. Evidence is a word of more dignity, and is more generally applied to that which is moral or intellectual; as, the evidences of Christianity, etc. Testimony is what is deposed to by a witness on oath or affirmation. When used figuratively or in a wider sense, the word testimony has still a reference to some living agent as its author, as when we speak of the testimony of conscience, or of doing a thing in testimony of our affection, etc. Testimony refers rather to the thing declared, evidence to its value or effect. "To conform our language more to common use, we ought to divide arguments into demonstrations, proofs, and probabilities; ba proofs, meaning such arguments from experience as leave no room for doubt or opposition." Hume. "The evidence of sense is the first and highest kind of evidence of which human nature is capable." Bp. Wilkins. "The proof of everything must be by the testimony of such as the parties produce." Spenser. Testimony Tes"ti*mo*ny (?), v. t. To witness; to attest; to prove by testimony. [Obs.] Shak. Testiness Tes"ti*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being testy; fretfulness; petulance. Testiness is a disposition or aptness to be angry. Locke. Testing Test"ing (?), n. 1. The act of testing or proving; trial; proof. 2. (Metal.) The operation of refining gold or silver in a test, or cupel; cupellation. Testing machine (Engin.), a machine used in the determination of the strength of materials, as iron, stone, etc., and their behavior under strains of various kinds, as elongation, bending, crushing, etc. Testis Tes"tis (?), n.; pl. Testes (#). [L.] (Anat.) A testicle. Teston Tes"ton (?), n. A tester; a sixpence. [Obs.] Testone Tes*tone" (?), n. [Cf. Pg. test&atil;o, tost&atil;o. See Testoon.] A silver coin of Portugal, worth about sixpence sterling, or about eleven cents. Homans. Testoon Tes*toon" (?), n. [It. testone. See Tester a coin.] An Italian silver coin. The testoon of Rome is worth 1s. 3d. sterling, or about thirty cents. Homans. Testudinal Tes*tu"di*nal (?), a. [See Testudo.] (Zo\'94l.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tortoise. Testudinarious Tes*tu`di*na"ri*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the shell of a tortoise; resembling a tortoise shell; having the color or markings of a tortoise shell. Testudinata Tes*tu`di*na"ta (?), n. pl. [Nl. See Testudo.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of reptiles which includes the turtles and tortoises. The body is covered by a shell consisting of an upper or dorsal shell, called the carapace, and a lower or ventral shell, called the plastron, each of which consists of several plates. Testudinate, Testudinated Tes*tu"di*nate (?), Tes*tu"di*na`ted (?), a. [L. testudinatus, fr. testudo, -inis, a tortoise, an arch or vault.] Resembling a tortoise shell in appearance or structure; roofed; arched; vaulted. Testudineous Tes`tu*din"e*ous (?), a. [L. testudineus.] Resembling the shell of a tortoise. Testudo Tes*tu"do (?), n.; pl. Testudines (#). [L., from testa the shell of shellfish, or of testaceous animals.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of tortoises which formerly included a large number of diverse forms, but is now restricted to certain terrestrial species, such as the European land tortoise (Testudo Gr\'91ca) and the gopher of the Southern United States. 2. (Rom. Antiq.) A cover or screen which a body of troops formed with their shields or targets, by holding them over their heads when standing close to each other. This cover resembled the back of a tortoise, and served to shelter the men from darts, stones, and other missiles. A similar defense was sometimes formed of boards, and moved on wheels. 3. (Mus.) A kind of musical instrument. a species of lyre; -- so called in allusion to the lyre of Mercury, fabled to have been made of the shell of a tortoise. Testy Tes"ty (?), a. [Compar. Testier (?); superl. Testiest.] [OF. testu obstinate, headstrong, F. t\'88tu, fr. OF. teste the head, F. t\'88te. See Test a cupel.] Fretful; peevish; petulant; easily irritated. Must I observe you? must I stand and crouch Under your testy humor? Shak. I was displeased with myself; I was testy. Latimer. Tetanic Te*tan"ic (?), a. [Cf. L. tetanicus suffering from tetanus, Gr. t\'82tanique.] 1. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to tetanus; having the character of tetanus; as, a tetanic state; tetanic contraction. This condition of muscle, this fusion of a number of simple spasms into an apparently smooth, continuous effort, is known as tetanus, or tetanic contraction. Foster. 2. (Physiol. & Med.) Producing, or tending to produce, tetanus, or tonic contraction of the muscles; as, a tetanic remedy. See Tetanic, n. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1491 Tetanic Te*tan"ic (?), n. (Physiol. & Med.) A substance (notably nux vomica, strychnine, and brucine) which, either as a remedy or a poison, acts primarily on the spinal cord, and which, when taken in comparatively large quantity, produces tetanic spasms or convulsions. Tetanin Tet"a*nin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A poisonous base (ptomaine) formed in meat broth through the agency of a peculiar microbe from the wound of a person who has died of tetanus; -- so called because it produces tetanus as one of its prominent effects. <-- ?? not in Merck -- tetanospasmin? The neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani. --> Tetanization Tet`a*ni*za"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The production or condition of tetanus. Tetanize Tet"a*nize (?), v. t. (Physiol.) To throw, as a muscle, into a state of permanent contraction; to cause tetanus in. See Tetanus, n., 2. Tetanoid Tet"a*noid (?), a. [Tetanus + -oid.] (Med. & Physiol.) Resembling tetanus. Tetanomotor Tet`a*no*mo"tor (?), n. (Physiol.) An instrument from tetanizing a muscle by irritating its nerve by successive mechanical shocks. Tetanus Tet"a*nus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. 1. (Med.) A painful and usually fatal disease, resulting generally from a wound, and having as its principal symptom persistent spasm of the voluntary muscles. When the muscles of the lower jaw are affected, it is called locked-jaw, or lickjaw, and it takes various names from the various incurvations of the body resulting from the spasm.<-- caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. --> 2. (Physiol.) That condition of a muscle in which it is in a state of continued vibratory contraction, as when stimulated by a series of induction shocks. Tetany Tet"a*ny (?), n. (Med.) A morbid condition resembling tetanus, but distinguished from it by being less severe and having intermittent spasms. Tetard Te*tard" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A gobioid fish (Eleotris gyrinus) of the Southern United States; -- called also sleeper. Tetartohedral Te*tar`to*he"dral (?), a. [Gr. (Crystallog.) Having one fourth the number of planes which are requisite to complete symmetry. -- Te*tar`to*he"dral*ly, adv. Tetartohedrism Te*tar`to*he"drism (?), n. (Crystallog.) The property of being tetartohedral. Tetaug Te*taug" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Tautog. [R.] Tetchiness Tetch"i*ness, n. See Techiness. Tetchy Tetch"y (?), a. See Techy. Shak. T\'88te T\'88te (?), n. [F., the head. See Tester a covering.] A kind of wig; false hair. T\'88te-\'85-t\'88te T\'88te`-\'85-t\'88te" (?), n. [F., head to head. See Tester a covering, Test a cupel.] 1. Private conversation; familiar interview or conference of two persons. 2. A short sofa intended to accomodate two persons. T\'88te-\'85-t\'88te T\'88te`-\'85-t\'88te", a. Private; confidential; familiar. She avoided t\'88te-\'85-t\'88te walks with him. C. Kingsley. T\'88te-\'85-t\'88te T\'88te`-\'85-t\'88te", adv. Face to face; privately or confidentially; familiarly. Prior. T\'88te-de-pont T\'88te`-de-pont" (?), n.; pl. T\'88tes-de-pont (#). [F., head of a bridge.] (Mil.) A work thrown up at the end of a bridge nearest the enemy, for covering the communications across a river; a bridgehead. Tetel Te*tel" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African antelope (Alcejaphus tora). It has widely divergent, strongly ringed horns. Tether Teth"er (?), n. [Formerly tedder, OE. tedir; akin to LG. tider, tier, Icel. tj\'d3, Dan. t\'94ir. \'fb64.] A long rope or chain by which an animal is fastened, as to a stake, so that it can range or feed only within certain limits. Tether Teth"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tethered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tethering.] To confine, as an animal, with a long rope or chain, as for feeding within certain limits. And by a slender cord was tethered to a stone. Wordsworth. Tethydan Te*thy"dan (?), n. [See Tethys.] (Zo\'94l.) A tunicate. Tethyodea Te`thy*o"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Tethys + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Tunicata including the common attached ascidians, both simple and compound. Called also Tethioidea. Tethys Te"thys (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of a large naked mollusks having a very large, broad, fringed cephalic disk, and branched dorsal gills. Some of the species become a foot long and are brilliantly colored. Tetra- Tet"ra- (?). [Gr. Four.] 1. A combining form or prefix signifying four, as in tetrabasic, tetrapetalous. 2. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting four proportional or combining parts of the substance or ingredient denoted by the term to which it is prefixed, as in tetra-chloride, tetroxide. Tetrabasic Tet`ra*bas"ic (?), a. [Tetra- + basic.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing four molecules of a monacid base; having four hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by bases; quadribasic; -- said of certain acids; thus, normal silicic acid, Si(OH)4, is a tetrabasic acid. Tetraboric Tet`ra*bor"ic (?), a. [Tetra- + boric.] (Chem.) Same as Pyroboric. Tetrabranchiata Tet`ra*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tetra-, and Branchia.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Cephalopoda having four gills. Among living species it includes only the pearly nautilus. Numerous genera and species are found in the fossil state, such as Ammonites, Baculites, Orthoceras, etc. Tetrabranchiate Tet`ra*bran`chi*ate (?), a. [Tetra + branchiate.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Tetrabranchiata. -- n. One of the Tetrabranchiata. Tetracarpel Tet`ra*car"pel (?), a. [Tetra- + carpellary.] (Bot.) Composed of four carpels. Tetrachord Tet"ra*chord (?), n. [L. tetrachordon, Gr. Tetra-) + t\'82trachorde.] (Anc. Mus.) A scale series of four sounds, of which the extremes, or first and last, constituted a fourth. These extremes were immutable; the two middle sounds were changeable. Tetrachotomous Tet`ra*chot"o*mous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having a division by fours; separated into four parts or series, or into series of fours. Tetracid Tet*rac"id (?), a. [Tetra + acid.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing four molecules of a monobasic acid; having four hydrogen atoms capable of replacement ba acids or acid atoms; -- said of certain bases; thus, erythrine, C4H6(OH)4, is a tetracid alcohol. Tetracoccous Tet`ra*coc"cous (?), a. [See Tetra-, and Coccus.] (Bot.) Having four cocci, or carpels. Tetracolon Tet`ra*co"lon (?), n. [Gr. Tetra-) + (Pros.) A stanza or division in lyric poetry, consisting of four verses or lines. Crabb. Tetracoralla Te`tra*co*ral"la (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tetra-, and Corallum.] (Paleon.) Same as Rugosa. Tetractinellid Te*trac`ti*nel"lid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of sponge of the division Tetractinellida. Also used adjectively. Tetractinellida Te*trac`ti*nel"li*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Spongi\'91 in which the spicules are siliceous and have four branches diverging at right angles. Called also Tetractinellin\'91. Tetrad Tet"rad (?), n. [L. tetras, -adis, Gr. t\'82trade.] 1. The number four; a collection of four things; a quaternion. 2. (Chem.) A tetravalent or quadrivalent atom or radical; as, carbon is a tetrad. Tetradactyl, Tetradactyle Tet`ra*dac"tyl, Tet`ra*dac"tyle (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82tradactyle.] (Zo\'94l.) Tetradactylous. Tetradactylous Tet`ra*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. [Gr. Tetra-) + (Zo\'94l.) Having, or characterized by, four digits to the foot or hand. Tetradecane Tet`ra*dec"ane (?), n. [Tetra- + Gr. (Chem.) A light oily hydrocarbon, C14H30, of the marsh-gas series; -- so called from the fourteen carbon atoms in the molecule. Tetradecapoda Tet`ra*de*cap"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tetra-, and Decapoda.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Arthrostraca. Tetradic Tet*rad"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to a tetrad; possessing or having the characteristics of a tetrad; as, a carbon is a tetradic element. Tetradite Tet"ra*dite (?), n. [See Tetrad.] A person in some way remarkable with regard to the number four, as one born on the fourth day of the month, or one who reverenced four persons in the Godhead. Smart. Tetradon Tet"ra*don (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Tetrodon. Tetradont Tet"ra*dont (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) See Tetrodont. Tetradrachm, Tetradrachma Tet"ra*drachm (?), Tet`ra*drach"ma (?), n. [NL. tetradrachma, fr. Gr. Tetra-) + A silver coin among the ancient Greeks, of the value of four drachms. The Attic tetradrachm was equal to 3s. 3d. sterling, or about 76 cents. Tetradymite Tet*rad"y*mite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A telluride of bismuth. It is of a pale steel-gray color and metallic luster, and usually occurs in foliated masses. Calles also telluric bismuth. Tetradynamia Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. Tetra-) + (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having six stamens, four of which are longer than the others. Tetradynamian Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*an (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the order Tetradynamia. Tetradynamian, Tetradynamous Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*an (?), Tet`ra*dyn"a*mous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the order Tetradynamia; having six stamens, four of which are uniformly longer than the others. Tetragon Tet"ra*gon (?), n. [L. tetragonum, Gr. Tetra-) + t\'82tragone.] 1. (Geom.) A plane figure having four sides and angles; a quadrangle, as a square, a rhombus, etc. 2. (Astrol.) An aspect of two planets with regard to the earth when they are distant from each other ninety degrees, or the fourth of a circle. Hutton. Tetragonal Te*trag"o*nal (?), a. 1. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to a tetragon; having four angles or sides; thus, the square, the parallelogram, the rhombus, and the trapezium are tetragonal fingers. 2. (Bot.) Having four prominent longitudinal angles. 3. (Crystallog.) Designating, or belonging to, a certain system of crystallization; dimetric. See Tetragonal system, under Crystallization. Tetragrammaton Tet`ra*gram"ma*ton (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Tetra-) + The mystic number four, which was often symbolized to represent the Deity, whose name was expressed by four letters among some ancient nations; as, the Hebrew JeHoVaH, Greek qeo`s, Latin deus, etc. Tetragynia Tet`ra*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. te`tra- (see Tetra-) + gynh` a woman, female.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants having four styles. Tetragynian, Tetragynous Tet`ra*gyn"i*an (?), Te*trag"y*nous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the order Tetragynia; having four styles. Tetrahedral Tet`ra*he"dral (?), a. [See Tetrahedron.] 1. Having, or composed of, four sides. 2. (Crystallog.) (a) Having the form of the regular tetrahedron. (b) Pertaining or related to a tetrahedron, or to the system of hemihedral forms to which the tetrahedron belongs. Tetrahedral angle (Geom.), a solid angle bounded or inclosed by four plane angles. Tetrahedrally Tet`ra*he"dral*ly, adv. In a tetrahedral manner. Tetrahedrite Tet`ra*he"drite (?), n. [So called because the crystals of the species are commonly tetrahedrons.] (Min.) A sulphide of antimony and copper, with small quantities of other metals. It is a very common ore of copper, and some varieties yield a considerable presentage of silver. Called also gray copper ore, fahlore, and panabase. Tetrahedron Tet`ra*he"dron (?), n. [Tetra- + Gr. (Geom.) A solid figure inclosed or bounded by four triangles. NOTE: &hand; In cr ystallography, th e re gular te trahedron is regarded as the hemihedral form of the regular octahedron. Regular tetrahedron (Geom.), a solid bounded by four equal equilateral triangles; one of the five regular solids. Tetrahexahedral Tet`ra*hex`a*he"dral (?), a. (Crystallog.) Pertaining to a tetrahexahedron. Tetrahexahedron Tet`ra*hex`a*he"dron (?), n. [Tetra- + hexahedron.] (Crystallog.) A solid in the isometric system, bounded by twenty-four equal triangular faces, four corresponding to each face of the cube. Tetrakishexahedron Tet`ra*kis*hex`a*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. hexahedron.] (Crystallog.) A tetrahexahedron. Tetrakosane Tet"ra*ko*sane` (?), n. [Tetra- + Gr. (Chem.) A hydrocarbon, C24H50, resembling paraffin, and like it belonging to the marsh-gas series; -- so called from having twenty-four atoms of carbon in the molecule. Tetralogy Te*tral"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. Tetra-) + t\'82tralogie.] (Gr. Drama) A group or series of four dramatic pieces, three tragedies and one satyric, or comic, piece (or sometimes four tragedies), represented consequently on the Attic stage at the Dionysiac festival. NOTE: &hand; A gr oup or se ries of th ree tr agedies, exhibited together without a fourth piese, was called a trilogy. Tetramera Te*tram"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tetramerous.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Coleoptera having, apparently, only four tarsal joints, one joint being rudimentary. Tetramerous Te*tram"er*ous (?), a. [Tetra- + Gr. 1. (Bot.) Having the parts arranged in sets of four; as, a tetramerous flower. 2. (Zo\'94l.) Having four joints in each of the tarsi; -- said of certain insects. Tetrameter Te*tram"e*ter (?), n. [L. tetrametrus, Gr. Tetra-) + t\'82tram\'8atre.] (GR. & Latin Pros.) A verse or line consisting of four measures, that is, in iambic, trochaic, and anapestic verse, of eight feet; in other kinds of verse, of four feet. Tetramethylene Tet`ra*meth"yl*ene (?), n. [Tetra- + methylene.] (Chem.) (a) A hypothetical hydrocarbon, C4H8, analogous to trimethylene, and regarded as the base of well-known series or derivatives. (b) Sometimes, an isomeric radical used to designate certain compounds which are really related to butylene. Tetramorph Tet"ra*morph (?), n. [Tetra- + Gr. (Christian Art) The union of the four attributes of the Evangelists in one figure, which is represented as winged, and standing on winged fiery wheels, the wings being covered with eyes. The representations of it are evidently suggested by the vision of Ezekiel (ch. i.) Tetrandria Te*tran"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. Tetra-) + (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having four stamens. Tetrandrian, Tetrandrous Te*tran"dri*an (?), Te*tran"drous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the class Tetrandria. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1492 Tetraonid Te*tra"o*nid (?), n. [L. tetrao a heath cock, grouse, Gr. t\'82traonide.] (Zo\'94l.) A bird belonging to the tribe of which the genus Tetrao is the type, as the grouse, partridge, quail, and the like. Used also adjectively. Tetrapetalous Tet`ra*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Tetra- + petal.] (Bot.) Containing four distinct petals, or flower leaves; as, a tetrapetalous corolla. Tetrapharmacom, Tetrapharmacum Tet`ra*phar"ma*com (?), Tet`ra*phar"ma*cum (?), n. [NL. tetrapharmacon, L. tetrapharmacum, Gr. Tetra-) + (Med.) A combination of wax, resin, lard, and pitch, composing an ointment. Brande & C. Tetraphenol Tet`ra*phe"nol (?), n. [Tetra- + phenol.] (Chem.) Furfuran. [Obs.] Tetraphyllous Te*traph"yl*lous (?), a. [Tetra- + Gr. (Bot.)Having four leaves; consisting of four distinct leaves or leaflets. Tetrapla Tet"ra*pla (?), n.; NOTE: etymologically pl., but syntactically sing. [NL., fr. Gr. tetraplo`os, tetraploy^s, fourfold.] A Bible consisting of four different Greek versions arranged in four columns by Origen; hence, any version in four languages or four columns. Tetraneumona Tet`ra*neu"mo*na (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tetra-, and Pneumo-.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Arachnida including those spiders which have four lungs, or pulmonary sacs. It includes the bird spiders (Mygale) and the trapdoor spiders. See Mygale. Tetrapnuemonian Tet`rap*nue*mo"ni*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tetrapneumona. Tetrapod Tet"ra*pod (?), n. [Gr. Tetra-) + (Zo\'94l.) An insect characterized by having but four perfect legs, as certain of the butterflies. Tetrapody Te*trap"o*dy (?), n. [Gr. A set of four feet; a measure or distance of four feet. Tetrapteran Te*trap"ter*an (?), n. [See Tetrapterous.] (Zo\'94l.) An insect having four wings. Tetrapterous Te*trap"ter*ous (?), a. [Gr. Tetra-) + (Zo\'94l.) Having four wings. Tetraptote Tet"rap*tote (?), n. [L. tetraptotum, Gr. (Gram.) A noun that has four cases only. Andrews. Tetrarch Te"trarch (?), n. [L. tetrarches, Gr. Tetra-) + t\'82trarque. See Arch, a.] (Rom. Antiq.) A Roman governor of the fourth part of a province; hence, any subordinate or dependent prince; also, a petty king or sovereign. Tetrarch Te"trarch, a. Four. [Obs.] Fuller. Tetrarchate Te*trarch"ate (?), n. [Cf. F. t\'82trarchat.] (Rom. Antiq.) A tetrarchy. Tetrarchical Te*trarch"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to a tetrarch or tetrarchy. Bolingbroke. Tetrarchy Tet"rarch*y (?), n.; pl. Tetrarchies (#). [L. tetrarchia, Gr. t\'82trarchie.] (Rom. Antiq.) The district under a Roman tetrarch; the office or jurisdiction of a tetrarch; a tetrarchate. Tetraschistic Tet`ra*schis"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Characterized by division into four parts. Tetrasepalous Tet`ra*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Tetra- + sepal.] (Bot.) Having four sepals. Tetraspaston Tet`ra*spas"ton (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Tetra-) + (Mach.) A machine in which four pulleys act together. Brande & C. Tetraspermous Tet`ra*sper"mous (?), a. [Tetra- + Gr. (Bot.) Having four seeds. Tetraspermous plant, a plant which produces four seeds in each flower. Tetraspore Tet"ra*spore (?), n. [Tetra- + spore.] (Bot.) A nonsexual spore, one of a group of four regularly occurring in red seaweeds. -- Tet`ra*spor"ic (#), a. Tetrastich Te*tras"tich (?), n. [L. tetrastichon, Gr. Tetra-) + A stanza, epigram, or poem, consisting of four verses or lines. Pope. Tetrastyle Tet"ra*style (?), a. [L. tetrastylon, Gr. Tetra-) + (Arch.) Having four columns in front; -- said of a temple, portico, or colonnade. -- n. A tetrastyle building. Tetrasyllabic, Tetrasyllabical Tet`ra*syl*lab"ic (?), Tet`ra*syl*lab"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. t\'82trasyllabique.] Consisting of, or having, four syllables; quadrisyllabic. Terrasyllable Ter"ra*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Tetra- + syllable: cf. Gr. A word consisting of four syllables; a quadrisyllable. Tetrathecal Tet`ra*the"cal (?), a. [Tetra- + thecal.] (Bot.) Having four loculaments, or thec\'91. Tetrathionate Tet`ra*thi"on*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tetrathionic acid. Tetrathionic Tet`ra*thi*on"ic (?), a. [Tetra- + thionic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a thionic derivative, H Tetratomic Tet`ra*tom"ic (?), a. [Tetra- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Consisting of four atoms; having four atoms in the molecule, as phosphorus and arsenic. (b) Having a valence of four; quadrivalent; tetravalent; sometimes, in a specific sense, having four hydroxyl groups, whether acid or basic. Tetravalence Te*trav"a*lence (?), n. (Chem.) The quality or state of being tetravalent; quadrivalence. Tetravalent Te*trav"a*lent (?), a. [Tetra- + L. valens, -entis, p.pr.] (Chem.) Having a valence of four; tetratomic; quadrivalent. Tetraxile Te*trax"ile (?), a. [Tetra- + axile.] (Zo\'94l.) Having four branches diverging at right angles; -- said of certain spicules of sponges. Tetrazo- Tet*raz"o- (?), a. [Tetra- + azo\'cf.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), designating any one of a series of double derivatives of the azo and diazo compounds containing four atoms of nitrogen. Tetrazone Tet"ra*zone (?), n. (Chem.) Any one of a certain series of basic compounds containing a chain of four nitrogen atoms; for example, ethyl tetrazone, (C2H5)2N.N2.N(C2H5)2, a colorless liquid having an odor of leeks. Tetric, Tetrical Tet"ric (?), Tet"ri*cal (?), a. [L. tetricus, taetricus, from teter, taeter, offensive, foul.] Forward; perverse; harsh; sour; rugged. [Obs.] -- Tet"ric*al*ness, n. Tetricity Te*tric"i*ty (?), n. [L. tetricitas, taetricitas.] Crabbedness; perverseness. [Obs.] Tetricous Tet"ric*ous (?), a. Tetric. [Obs.] Tetrinic Te*trin"ic (?), a. [See Tetra-.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex ketonic acid, C5H6O3, obtained as a white crystalline substance; -- so called because once supposed to contain a peculiar radical of four carbon atoms. Called also acetyl-acrylic acid. Tetrodon Tet"ro*don (?), n. [Tetra- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of plectognath fishes belonging to Tetrodon and allied genera. Each jaw is furnished with two large, thick, beaklike, bony teeth. [Written also tetradon.] NOTE: &hand; Th e skin is usually spinous, and the belly is capable of being greatly distended by air or water. It includes the swellfish, puffer (a), and similar species. Tetrodont Tet"ro*dont (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the tetrodons. -- n. A tetrodon. [Written also tetradont, and tetraodont.] Tetrol Tet"rol (?), n. [Tetra- + benzol.] (Chem.) A hypothetical hydrocarbon, C4H4, analogous to benzene; -- so called from the four carbon atoms in the molecule. Tetrol phenol, furfuran. [Obs.] Tetrolic Tet*rol"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid, C3H3.CO2H, of the acetylene series, homologous with propiolic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance. Tetroxide Tet*rox"ide (?), n. [Tetra\'cf + oxide.] (Chem.) An oxide having four atoms of oxygen in the molecule; a quadroxide; as, osmium tetroxide, OsO. Tetryl Tet"ryl (?), n. [Tetra\'cf + -yl.] (Chem.) Butyl; -- so called from the four carbon atoms in the molecule. Tetrylene Tet"ryl*ene (?), n. [Tetra\'cf + ethylene.] (Chem.) Butylene; -- so called from the four carbon atoms in the molecule. Tetter Tet"ter (?), n. [OE. teter, AS. teter, tetr; akin to G. zitter, zittermal, OHG. zittaroch, Skr. dadru, dadruka, a sort of skin disease. \'fb63, 240.] (Med.) A vesicular disease of the skin; herpes. See Herpes. Honeycomb tetter (Med.), favus. -- Moist tetter (Med.), eczema. -- Scaly tetter (Med.), psoriasis. Tetter berry (Bot.), the white bryony. Tetter Tet"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tettered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tettering.] To affect with tetter. Shak. Tetterous Tet"ter*ous (?), a. Having the character of, or pertaining to, tetter. Tetter-totter Tet"ter-tot`ter (?), n. [See Teeter.] A certain game of children; seesaw; -- called also titter-totter, and titter-cum-totter. Tetterwort Tet"ter*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant used as a remedy for tetter, -- in England the calendine, in America the bloodroot. Tettigonian Tet`ti*go"ni*an (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Hemiptera belonging to Tettigonia and allied genera; a leaf hopper. Tettish Tet"tish (?), a. [Cf. Testy.] Captious; testy. [Written also teatish.] [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Tettix Tet"tix (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 1. (Zo\'94l.) The cicada. [Obs. or R.] 2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small grasshoppers. Tetty Tet"ty (?), a. Testy; irritable. [Obs.] Burton. Teufit Teu"fit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lapwing; -- called also teuchit. [Prov. Eng.] Teuk Teuk (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The redshank. [Prov. Eng.] Teuton Teu"ton (?), n.; pl. E. Teutons (#), L. Teutones (#). [L. Teutones, Teutoni, the name of a Germanic people, probably akin to E. Dutch. Cf. Dutch.] 1. One of an ancient German tribe; later, a name applied to any member of the Germanic race in Europe; now used to designate a German, Dutchman, Scandinavian, etc., in distinction from a Celt or one of a Latin race. 2. A member of the Teutonic branch of the Indo-European, or Aryan, family. Teutonic Teu*ton"ic (?), a. [L. Teutonicus, from Teutoni, or Teutones. See Teuton.] 1. Of or pertaining to the Teutons, esp. the ancient Teutons; Germanic. 2. Of or pertaining to any of the Teutonic languages, or the peoples who speak these languages. Teutonic languages, a group of languages forming a division of the Indo-European, or Aryan, family, and embracing the High German, Low German, Gothic, and Scandinavian dialects and languages. -- Teutonic order, a military religious order of knights, established toward the close of the twelfth century, in imitation of the Templars and Hospitalers, and composed chiefly of Teutons, or Germans. The order rapidly increased in numbers and strength till it became master of all Prussia, Livonia, and Pomerania. In its decay it was abolished by Napoleon; but it has been revived as an honorary order. Teutonic Teu*ton"ic (?), n. The language of the ancient Germans; the Teutonic languages, collectively. Teutonicism Teu*ton"i*cism (?), n. A mode of speech peculiar to the Teutons; a Teutonic idiom, phrase, or expression; a Teutonic mode or custom; a Germanism. Tew Tew (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tewing.] [OE. tewen, tawen. \'fb64. See Taw, v.] 1. To prepare by beating or working, as leather or hemp; to taw. 2. Hence, to beat; to scourge; also, to pull about; to maul; to tease; to vex. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Tew Tew, v. i. To work hard; to strive; to fuse. [Local] Tew Tew, v. t. [Cf. Taw to tow, Tow, v. t.] To tow along, as a vessel. [Obs.] Drayton. Tew Tew, n. A rope or chain for towing a boat; also, a cord; a string. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Tewan Te"wan (?), n. (Ethnol.) A tribe of American Indians including many of the Pueblos of New Mexico and adjacent regions. Tewed Tewed (?), a. Fatigued; worn with labor or hardship. [Obs. or Local] Mir. for Mag. Tewel Tew"el (?), n. [OE. tuel, OF. tuiel, tuel, F. tuyau; of Teutonic origin; cf. Dan. tud, D. tuit, Prov. G. zaute. Cf. Tuy\'8are.] 1. A pipe, funnel, or chimney, as for smoke. Chaucer. 2. The tuy\'8are of a furnace. Tewhit Te"whit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lapwing; -- called also teewheep. [Prov. Eng.] Tewtaw Tew"taw (?), v. t. [See Tew, v. t.] To beat; to break, as flax or hemp. [Obs.] Mortimer. Texas Tex"as (?), n. A structure on the hurricane deck of a steamer, containing the pilot house, officers' cabins, etc. [Western U.S.] Knight. Text Text (?), n. [F. texte, L. textus, texture, structure, context, fr. texere, textum, to weave, construct, compose; cf. Gr. taksh to cut, carve, make. Cf. Context, Mantle, n., Pretext, Tissue, Toil a snare.] 1. A discourse or composition on which a note or commentary is written; the original words of an author, in distinction from a paraphrase, annotation, or commentary. Chaucer. 2. (O. Eng. Law) The four Gospels, by way of distinction or eminence. [R.] 3. A verse or passage of Scripture, especially one chosen as the subject of a sermon, or in proof of a doctrine. How oft, when Paul has served us with a text, Has Epictetus, Plato, Tully, preached! Cowper. 4. Hence, anything chosen as the subject of an argument, literary composition, or the like; topic; theme. 5. A style of writing in large characters; text-hand also, a kind of type used in printing; as, German text. <-- 6. That part of a document (printed or electronic) comprising the words, especially the main body of expository words, in contrast to the illustrations, pictures, charts, tables, or other formatted material which contain graphic elements as a major component. 7. Any communication composed of words. 8. A textbook. --> Text blindness. (Physiol.) See Word blindness, under Word. -- Text letter, a large or capital letter. [Obs.] -- Text pen, a kind of metallic pen used in engrossing, or in writing text-hand. Text Text, v. t. To write in large characters, as in text hand. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Text-book Text"-book` (?), n. 1. A book with wide spaces between the lines, to give room for notes. 2. A volume, as of some classical author, on which a teacher lectures or comments; hence, any manual of instruction; a schoolbook. Text-hand Text"-hand` (?), n. A large hand in writing; -- so called because it was the practice to write the text of a book in a large hand and the notes in a smaller hand. Textile Tex"tile (?), a. [L. textilis, fr. texere to weave: cf. F. textile. See Text.] Pertaining to weaving or to woven fabrics; as, textile arts; woven, capable of being woven; formed by weaving; as, textile fabrics. Textile cone (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful cone shell (Conus textilis) in which the colors are arranged so that they resemble certain kinds of cloth. Textile Tex"tile, n. That which is, or may be, woven; a fabric made by weaving. Bacon. Textman Text"man (?), n.; pl. Textmen (. One ready in quoting texts. [R.] Bp. Sanderston. Textorial Tex*to"ri*al (?), a. [L. textorius, fr. textor a weaver, fr. texere, textum, to weave.] Of or pertaining to weaving. T. Warton. Textrine Tex"trine (?), a. [L. textrinus, for textorinus, fr. textor a weaver.] Of or pertaining to weaving, textorial; as, the textrine art. Denham. Textual Tex"tu*al (?), a. [OE. textuel, F. textuel.] 1. Of, pertaining to, or contained in, the text; as, textual criticism; a textual reading. Milton. 2. Serving for, or depending on, texts. Bp. Hall. 3. Familiar with texts or authorities so as to cite them accurately. "I am not textuel." Chaucer. Textualist Tex"tu*al*ist, n. A textman; a textuary. Lightfoot. Textually Tex"tu*al*ly, adv. In a textual manner; in the text or body of a work; in accordance with the text. Textuarist Tex"tu*a*rist (?), n. A textuary. [R.] Textuary Tex"tu*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. textuaire.] 1. Contained in the text; textual. Sir T. Browne. 2. Serving as a text; authoritative. Glanvill. Textuary Tex"tu*a*ry, n. [Cf. F. textuaire.] 1. One who is well versed in the Scriptures; a textman. Bp. Bull. 2. One who adheres strictly or rigidly to the text. Textuel Tex"tu*el (?), a. Textual. [Obs.] Chaucer. Textuist Tex"tu*ist, n. A textualist; a textman. [Obs.] The crabbed textualists of his time. Milton. Textural Tex"tur*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to texture. Texture Tex"ture (?), n. [L. textura, fr. texere, textum, to weave: cf. F. texture. See Text.] 1. The act or art of weaving. [R.] Sir T. Browne. 2. That which woven; a woven fabric; a web. Milton. Others, apart far in the grassy dale, Or roughening waste, their humble texture weave. Thomson. 3. The disposition or connection of threads, filaments, or other slender bodies, interwoven; as, the texture of cloth or of a spider's web. 4. The disposition of the several parts of any body in connection with each other, or the manner in which the constituent parts are united; structure; as, the texture of earthy substances or minerals; the texture of a plant or a bone; the texture of paper; a loose or compact texture. 5. (Biol.) A tissue. See Tissue. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1493 Texture Tex"ture (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Textured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Texturing.] To form a texture of or with; to interweave. [R.] Textury Tex"tur*y (?), n. The art or process of weaving; texture. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Teyne Teyne (?), n. [See Tain.] A thin plate of metal. [Obs.] "A teyne of silver." Chaucer. Th Th. In Old English, the article the, when the following word began with a vowel, was often written with elision as if a part of the word. Thus in Chaucer, the forms thabsence, tharray, thegle, thend, thingot, etc., are found for the absence, the array, the eagle, the end, etc. Thack, Thacker Thack (?), Thack"er (?). See Thatch, Thatcher. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Thak Thak (?), v. t. To thwack. [Obs.] Chaucer. Thalamencephalon Thal`a*men*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See Thalamus, and Encephalon.] (Anat.) The segment of the brain next in front of the midbrain, including the thalami, pineal gland, and pituitary body; the diencephalon; the interbrain. Thalamic Tha*lam"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a thalamus or to thalami. Thalamifloral, Thalamiflorous Thal`a*mi*flo"ral (?), Thal`a*mi*flo"rous (?), a. [See Thalamus, and Floral.] (Bot.) Bearing the stamens directly on the receptacle; -- said of a subclass of polypetalous dicotyledonous plants in the system of De Candolle. Thalamoc\'d2le Thal"a*mo*c\'d2le` (?), n. [Thalamic + Cg. (Anat.) The cavity or ventricle of the thalamencephalon; the third ventricle. Thalamophora Thal`a*moph"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Foraminifera. Thalamus Thal"a*mus (?), n.; pl. Thalami (#). [L. thalamus chamber, Gr. 1. (Anat.) A mass of nervous matter on either side of the third ventricle of the brain; -- called also optic thalamus. 2. (Bot.) (a) Same as Thallus. (b) The receptacle of a flower; a torus. Thalassian Tha*las"si*an (?), n. [From Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any sea tortoise. Thalassic Tha*las"sic (?), a. [Gr. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the sea; -- sometimes applied to rocks formed from sediments deposited upon the sea bottom. Thalassinian Thal`as*sin"i*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Thalaassinid\'91, a family of burrowing macrurous Crustacea, having a long and soft abdomen. Thalassography Thal`as*sog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The study or science of the life of marine organisms. Agassiz. Thaler Tha"ler (?), n. [G. See Dollar.] A German silver coin worth about three shillings sterling, or about 73 cents. Thalia Tha*li"a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) (a) That one of the nine Muses who presided over comedy. (b) One of the three Graces. (c) One of the Nereids. Thaliacea Tha`li*a"ce*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Thalia.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Tunicata comprising the free-swimming species, such as Salpa and Doliolum. Thalian Tha*li"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Thalia; hence, of or pertaining to comedy; comic. Thallate Thal"late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of a hypothetical thallic acid. Thallene Thal"lene (?), n. (Chem.) A hydrocarbon obtained from coal-tar residues, and remarkable for its intense yellowish green fluorescence. Thallic Thal"lic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to thallium; derived from, or containing, thallium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with the thallous compounds; as, thallic oxide. Thalline Thal"line (?), a. (Bot.) Consisting of a thallus. Thalline Thal"line (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) An artificial alkaloid of the quinoline series, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C10H13NO, whose salts are valuable as antipyretics; -- so called from the green color produced in its solution by certain oxidizing agents. Thallious Thal"li*ous (?), a. (Chem.) See Thallous. Thallium Thal"li*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. green line in its spectrum.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of the aluminium group found in some minerals, as certain pyrites, and also in the lead-chamber deposit in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. It is isolated as a heavy, soft, bluish white metal, easily oxidized in moist air, but preserved by keeping under water. Symbol Tl. Atomic weight 203.7. Thallogen Thal"lo*gen (?), n. [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.) One of a large class or division of the vegetable kingdom, which includes those flowerless plants, such as fungi, alg\'91, and lichens, that consist of a thallus only, composed of cellular tissue, or of a congeries of cells, or even of separate cells, and never show a distinction into root, stem, and leaf. Thalloid Thal"loid (?), a. [Thallus + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling, or consisting of, thallus. Thallophyte Thal"lo*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Same as Thallogen. Thallous Thal"lous (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to thallium; derived from, or containing, thallium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with the thallic compounds. [Written also thallious.] Thallus Thal"lus (?), n.; pl. Thalli (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A solid mass of cellular tissue, consisting of one or more layers, usually in the form of a flat stratum or expansion, but sometimes erect or pendulous, and elongated and branching, and forming the substance of the thallogens. Thammuz, Tammuz Tham"muz (?), Tam"muz (?), n. [Heb. thamm\'d4z.] 1. A deity among the ancient Syrians, in honor of whom the Hebrew idolatresses held an annual lamentation. This deity has been conjectured to be the same with the Ph\'d2nician Adon, or Adonis. Milton. 2. The fourth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, -- supposed to correspond nearly with our month of July. Thamnophile Tham"no*phile (?), n. [Gr. qa`mnos a bush + fi`los loving.] (Zo\'94l.) A bush shrike. Thamyn Tha"myn (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An Asiatic deer (Rucervus Eldi) resembling the swamp deer; -- called also Eld's deer. Than Than (?), conj. [OE. than, thon, then, thanne, thonne, thenne, than, then, AS. \'ebanne, \'ebonne, \'eb\'91nne; akin to D. dan, OHG. danne, G. dann then, denn than, for, Goth. \'edan then, and to E. the, there, that. See That, and cf. Then.] A particle expressing comparison, used after certain adjectives and adverbs which express comparison or diversity, as more, better, other, otherwise, and the like. It is usually followed by the object compared in the nominative case. Sometimes, however, the object compared is placed in the objective case, and than is then considered by some grammarians as a preposition. Sometimes the object is expressed in a sentence, usually introduced by that; as, I would rather suffer than that you should want. Behold, a greater than Solomon is here. Matt. xii. 42. Which when Beelzebub perceived, than whom, Satan except, none higher sat. Milton. It's wiser being good than bad; It's safer being meek than fierce; It's fitter being sane than mad. R. Browning. Than Than, adv. Then. See Then. [Obs.] Gower. Thanne longen folk to gon on pilgrimages. Chaucer. Thanage Than"age (?), n. The district in which a thane anciently had jurisdiction; thanedom. Thanatoid Than"a*toid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Deathlike; resembling death. Dunglison. Thanatology Than`a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] A description, or the doctrine, of death. Dunglison. Thanatopsis Than`a*top"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A view of death; a meditation on the subject of death. Bryant. Thane Thane (?), n. [OE. thein, \'edein, AS. \'edegen, \'edegn; akin to OHG. degan a follower, warrior, boy, MHG. degen a hero, G. degen hero, soldier, Icel. \'edegn a thane, a freeman; probably akin to Gr. \'edius servant, AS. \'ede\'a2n, G. dienen to serve.] A dignitary under the Anglo-Saxons and Danes in England. Of these there were two orders, the king's thanes, who attended the kings in their courts and held lands immediately of them, and the ordinary thanes, who were lords of manors and who had particular jurisdiction within their limits. After the Conquest, this title was disused, and baron took its place. NOTE: &hand; Am ong th e ancient Scots, thane was a title of honor, which seems gradually to have declined in its significance. Jamieson. Thanedom Thane"dom (?), n. The property or jurisdiction of a thane; thanage. Sir W. Scott. Thanehood Thane"hood (?), n. The character or dignity of a thane; also, thanes, collectively. J. R. Green. Thaneship Thane"ship, n. The state or dignity of a thane; thanehood; also, the seignioralty of a thane. Thank Thank (?), n.; pl. Thanks (#). [AS. \'edanc, \'edonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. \'ed\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. \'edagks thanks; -- originally, a thought, a thinking. See Think.] A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. "This ceremonial thanks." Massinger. If ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same. Luke vi. 33. What great thank, then, if any man, reputed wise and constant, will neither do, nor permit others under his charge to do, that which he approves not, especially in matter of sin? Milton. Thanks, thanks to thee, most worthy friend, For the lesson thou hast taught. Longfellow. His thanks, Her thanks, etc., of his or her own accord; with his or her good will; voluntary. [Obs.] Full sooth is said that love ne lordship, Will not, his thanks, have no fellowship. Chaucer. -- In thank, with thanks or thankfulness. [Obs.] -- Thank offering, an offering made as an expression of thanks. Thank Thank (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Thanking.] [AS. \'edancian. See Thank, n.] To express gratitude to (anyone) for a favor; to make acknowledgments to (anyone) for kindness bestowed; -- used also ironically for blame. "Graunt mercy, lord, that thank I you," quod she. Chaucer. I thank thee for thine honest care. Shak. Weigh the danger with the doubtful bliss, And thank yourself if aught should fall amiss. Dryden. Thankful Thank"ful (?), a. [AS. \'edancfull.] 1. Obtaining or deserving thanks; thankworthy. [R.] Ladies, look here; this is the thankful glass That mends the looker's eyes; this is the well That washes what it shows. Herbert. 2. Impressed with a sense of kindness received, and ready to acknowledge it; grateful. Be thankful unto him, and bless his name. Ps. c. 4. -- Thank"ful*ly, adv. -- Thank"ful*ness, n. Thankless Thank"less, a. 1. Not acknowledging favors; not expressing thankfulness; unthankful; ungrateful. That she may feel How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is To have a thankless child! Shak. 2. Not obtaining or deserving thanks; unacceptable; as, a thankless task. To shepherd thankless, but by thieves that love the night allowed. Chapman. -- Thank"less*ly (#), adv. -- Thank"less*ness, n. Thankly Thank"ly, adv. Thankfully. [Obs.] Sylvester (Du Bartas). Thanksgive Thanks"give (?), v. t. To give or dedicate in token of thanks. [Obs. or R.] Mede. Thanksgiver Thanks"giv`er (?), n. One who gives thanks, or acknowledges a kindness. Barrow. Thanksgiving Thanks"giv`ing (?), n. 1. The act of rending thanks, or expressing gratitude for favors or mercies. Every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with thanksgiving. 1 Tim. iv. 4. In the thanksgiving before meat. Shak. And taught by thee the Church prolongs Her hymns of high thanksgiving still. Keble. 2. A public acknowledgment or celebration of divine goodness; also, a day set apart for religious services, specially to acknowledge the goodness of God, either in any remarkable deliverance from calamities or danger, or in the ordinary dispensation of his bounties. NOTE: &hand; In th e Un ited St ates it is now customary for the President by proclamation to appoint annually a day (usually the last Thursday in November) of thanksgiving and praise to God for the mercies of the past year. This is an extension of the custom long prevailing in several States in which an annual Thanksgiving day has been appointed by proclamation of the governor. Thankworthiness Thank"wor`thi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being thankworthy. Thankworthy Thank"wor`thy (?), a. Deserving thanks; worthy of gratitude; mreitorious. For this thankworthy, if a man, for conscience toward God, endure grief, suffering wrongfully. 1 Pet. ii. 19. Thar Thar (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A goatlike animal (Capra Jemlaica) native of the Himalayas. It has small, flattened horns, curved directly backward. The hair of the neck, shoulders, and chest of the male is very long, reaching to the knees. Called also serow, and imo. [Written also thaar, and tahr.] Thar Thar, v. impersonal, pres. [OE. thar, \'edarf, AS. \'edearf, infin. \'edurfan to need; akin to OHG. durfan, G. d\'81rfen to be allowed, Icel. \'edurfa to need, Goth. \'eda\'a3rban.] It needs; need. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. What thar thee reck or care? Chaucer. Tharms Tharms (?), n. pl. [AS. \'edearm a gut; akin to D. & G. darm, Icel. \'edarmr, Sw. & Dan. tarm. \'fb53.] Twisted guts. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ascham. Tharos Tha"ros (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small American butterfly (Phycoides tharos) having the upper surface of the wings variegated with orange and black, the outer margins black with small white crescents; -- called also pearl crescent. That That (?), pron., a., conj., & adv. [AS. \'eb\'91t, neuter nom. & acc. sing. of the article (originally a demonstrative pronoun). The nom. masc. s\'c7, and the nom. fem. se\'a2 are from a different root. AS. \'eb\'91t is akin to D. dat, G. das, OHG. daz, Sw. & Dan. det, Icel. \'edat (masc. s\'be, fem. s\'d3), Goth. \'edata (masc. sa, fem. s\'d3), Gr. tat (for tad, masc. sas, fem. s\'be); cf. L. istud that. \'fb184. Cf. The, Their, They, Them, This, Than, Since.] 1. As a demonstrative pronoun (pl. Those), that usually points out, or refers to, a person or thing previously mentioned, or supposed to be understood. That, as a demonstrative, may precede the noun to which it refers; as, that which he has said is true; those in the basket are good apples. The early fame of Gratian was equal to that of the most celebrated princes. Gibbon. NOTE: &hand; That may refer to an entire sentence or paragraph, and not merely to a word. It usually follows, but sometimes precedes, the sentence referred to. That be far from thee, to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked. Gen. xviii. 25. And when Moses heard that, he was content. Lev. x. 20. I will know your business, Harry, that I will. Shak. NOTE: &hand; That is often used in opposition to this, or by way of distinction, and in such cases this, like the Latin hic and French ceci, generally refers to that which is nearer, and that, like Latin ille and French cela, to that which is more remote. When they refer to foreign words or phrases, this generally refers to the latter, and that to the former. Two principles in human nature reign; Self-love, to urge, and Reason, to restrain; Nor this a good, nor that a bad we call. Pope. If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this or that. James iv. 16. 2. As an adjective, that has the same demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun. It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city. Matt. x. 15. The woman was made whole from that hour. Matt. ix. 22. NOTE: &hand; That was formerly sometimes used with the force of the article the, especially in the phrases that one, that other, which were subsequently corrupted into th'tone, th'tother (now written t'other). Upon a day out riden knightes two . . . That one of them came home, that other not. Chaucer. 3. As a relative pronoun, that is equivalent to who or which, serving to point out, and make definite, a person or thing spoken of, or alluded to, before, and may be either singular or plural. He that reproveth a scorner getteth to himself shame. Prov. ix. 7.